試論非言語(yǔ)交際中的性別差異

本文格式為Word版，下載可任意編輯——試論非言語(yǔ)交際中的性別差異

試論非言語(yǔ)交際中的性別差異

[摘要]雖然男性和女性在交際中使用同一套語(yǔ)言系統(tǒng),但由于一些社會(huì)因素及個(gè)人原因,他們?cè)诜茄哉Z(yǔ)交際中會(huì)表現(xiàn)出微弱的性別差異。

[關(guān)鍵詞]交際非言語(yǔ)交際性別差異

1Introduction

Itiswell-knownthatmenandwomenusethesameformoflanguageforverbalcommunication,butinadditiontothespokenlanguagethatweheardaily,ahostofsilentmessagescontinuallyoccursaroundus.Thesemessagesmakeupanonverbalcode,whichisusedandrespondedtobyusall.Thenonverbaldimensionofcommunicationisextensiveandimportant.Somescholarsestimatethatthenonverbalmessagecarries4.3timestheweightoftheverbalmessage,andtheythinkitmoresignificantthanverballanguage.

Likelanguage,nonverbalcommunicationisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,ofwhichanimportantoneisGender.Menandwomenconstructtheirgenderidentitiesthroughdifferencesintheirnonverbalcommunication,thusitisnotsurprisingwhenweconsidersomeofthewaysinwhichnonverbalbehaviorsexpressmeaningsofgenderinoursociety.

Tobemoreskilledcommunicators,weneedtobeawareofthesignificantgender-relateddifferencesinnonverbalcommunicationpatternsandtheirimportantimplicationsinthelivesofwomenandmen.Alsothecausesofthesedifferencesshouldbepaidattentionto.

2Thedifferencesbetweenmen’sandwomen’snonverbalspeech

Thedifferencesbetweenmen’sandwomen’snonverbalspeechcanbestudiedintermsofthreecategories:onegroupofvisualcues,whichincludeeyecontact,facialexpressions,touch,gesturesandclothing;onegroupofenvironmentalfactors,suchasbodypositionandspace;andtheothergroupofvocalfeaturesconstitutedbyinflection,volume,pitch,etc.

3Causesofgender-relatednonverbaldifferences

Theaimofthispaperistoexaminegender-relateddifferencesinnonverbalcommunication.Butmerelyexploringdifferentbehaviorsmayhelpuslitt