2023-2024學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit4NaturalDisastersSectionⅢ課件新人教版必修第一冊

SectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句一、定語從句的概念【觀察思考】?HeisreadingabookwhichiswrittenbyLuXun.他正在讀一本魯迅寫的書。?Heisthemanwhom/thatImetyesterday.他是我昨天遇到的那個人。?Thestudentswhodon’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.不努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生不會通過考試。?Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.這就是封面是藍(lán)色的那本書?！咎骄靠偨Y(jié)】(1)定語從句:在復(fù)合句中,修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句。(2)先行詞:被定語從句修飾的詞叫作先行詞。(3)關(guān)系詞:引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫作關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞(____、_____、_____、______、______)和關(guān)系副詞(when、where、why)兩類。關(guān)系詞放在先行詞與定語從句之間起連接作用,同時又作從句中的一個成分。who

thatwhichwhomwhose【應(yīng)用實踐】寫出黑體詞所指代的詞及在從句中所作的成分。①Thegirlwhotoldusthenewsishissister.(指代_______,作_____)

②Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.(指代_______,作_____)

③Isthereanyoneinyourclasswhosefatherisateacher?(指代_______,作____)④Thefilmthatwesawyesterdayisinteresting.(指代_______,作_____)

⑤ThewomanwhomyousawjustnowisourEnglishteacher.(指代__________,作_____)

thegirl

主語thecar

賓語anyone

定語thefilm

賓語thewoman

賓語二、關(guān)系代詞的基本用法1.that/which【觀察思考】?Thedoctor(that)youarelookingforisintheroom.你正找的那位醫(yī)生在房間里。(指人,作賓語)?Amanthatisperfectlypleasedwiththepresentstateofthingsisafailure.完全滿足于現(xiàn)狀的人是個失敗者。(指人,作主語)?Thebuildingthat/whichstandsneartheriverisourschool.河邊矗立的那座建筑物是我們的學(xué)校。(指物,作主語)?Isthisthebook(that/which)shewaslookingfor?這是她剛才正在找的那本書嗎?(指物,作賓語)【探究總結(jié)】(1)that既可指__也可指__,which用來指物。(2)that、which在定語從句中都可作_____和_____,作_____時?？墒÷??！緫?yīng)用實踐】選擇that、which填空。①Thelittleproblems_________wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspiration(靈感)forgreatinventions.②Yesterdayhesoldhiscar__________heboughtlastmonth.③Ishetheoldman_____wantstoseeyou?

人

物主語

賓語

賓語that/whichthat/whichthat2.who/whom【觀察思考】?Thepersonwholostthelibrarybookmustpayforit.丟失圖書館書籍的人必須賠償。?Theactor(who/whom)youwantedtoseedidn’tcome.你想見的那名演員沒有來。?Heisthedoctortowhomyourmotherspoke.他就是與你母親談過話的那名醫(yī)生?！咎骄靠偨Y(jié)】(1)who用于指____,可作_____和_____,作賓語時可以省略。(2)whom只作_____,跟在介詞后時,不能省略。人主語賓語賓語【應(yīng)用實踐】

選擇who、whom填空。①Thestudent_____isansweringthequestionisJohn.②Somepeople_____aresuccessfullanguagelearnersoftenfailinotherfields.③MrLiuistheperson__________youtalkedaboutonthebus.3.whose【觀察思考】

?Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownallovertheworld.這就是那個全世界聞名的科學(xué)家。?Heboughtahouselastweekwhosewindowsaremadeofwood.上周他買了一幢房子,窗戶是由木頭做成的。whowhowho/whom【探究總結(jié)】whose可指人,也可指物,在定語從句中作_____。指人時,相當(dāng)于________;指物時,相當(dāng)于________。

【應(yīng)用實踐】

(1)單句語法填空。①Thebook______coverismissingismine.②Ihaveapenfriend______motherisateacher.(2)用含有whose的定語從句合并句子。①TheboyiscalledLiLei.

Hisparentsweredeadintheflood.→_______________________________________________________TheboywhoseparentsweredeadinthefloodiscalledLiLei.定語

ofwhomofwhichwhosewhose②MrWangisthepoliceman.

HishousecaughtfirelastSunday.→_________________________________________________________三、關(guān)系代詞使用的特殊情況1.指物時只用that不用which的情況【觀察思考】?IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?我能為你做點什么嗎??Youcantakeanyseatthatisfree.

你可以在任何一個空位坐下。?Thisistheonlybookthatcanbeusefultous.這是唯一一本會對我們有用的書。MrWangisthepolicemanwhosehousecaughtfirelastSunday.?ItisthefirstcompositionthatIhavewritteninEnglish.這是我寫的第一篇英語作文。?Thisisthemostinterestingfilmthatwehaveeverseen.這是我們看過的最有趣的電影。?Hetoldusthepeopleandtheplacesthathehadvisited.他告訴我們他曾拜訪過的人和參觀過的地方。?Whichisthebookthatyoulikebest?你最喜歡哪本書?【探究總結(jié)】(1)當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞everything、anything、nothing、all、none等時,或當(dāng)先行詞由every、any、all、few等詞修飾時,關(guān)系代詞一般用that。(2)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞_______修飾時,關(guān)系代詞一般用that。(3)當(dāng)先行詞被_______修飾時,關(guān)系代詞一般用that。(4)當(dāng)先行詞表示“正是的”,由thevery、_______修飾時,關(guān)系代詞一般用that。

(5)當(dāng)先行詞包括人和物時,關(guān)系代詞一般用that。(6)當(dāng)先行詞前面有who、______等疑問代詞時,關(guān)系代詞一般用that。【應(yīng)用實踐】單句語法填空。①Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschools____wehadvisited.②Thisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgames_____Ihaveeverseen.③Thefirstthing_____youcoulddowastoturnoffthelight.最高級序數(shù)詞theonlywhichthatthatthat2.指物時只用which不用that的情況【觀察思考】

?Thepenwithwhichheiswritingwasboughtyesterday.他正用來寫字的筆是昨天買的。?Thatwhichyoutoldhimisexciting.你告訴他的事是令人興奮的。【探究總結(jié)】(1)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前使用_____時,只用which。(2)先行詞本身是_____,或一個句子同時有兩個定語從句,其中一個是由that引導(dǎo)時,另一個用which,以免重復(fù)。介詞that【應(yīng)用實踐】選擇that、which填空。①Youcantakeanyroom_____youlike.②Theladderon______Iamstandingwasboughtinthesupermarket.③Hehidesallthepeopleandthings____heknows.四、定語從句的注意事項【觀察思考】?Thebookswhichlieonthetablearehis.放在桌上的那些書是他的。?Thebookwhichliesonthetableishis.放在桌上的那本書是他的。thatthatwhich?Heisoneofthestudentswhohavemadegreatprogress.他是那些取得很大進(jìn)步的學(xué)生中的一個。?Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho

hasmadegreatprogress.他是唯一一個取得很大進(jìn)步的學(xué)生。【探究總結(jié)】(1)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句的謂語動詞與_______在數(shù)上保持一致。(2)“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞時,定語從句修飾的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,所以如果關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語,從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用_____形式。(3)“theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞時,定語從句修飾的是theonlyone,所以如果關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語,從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用____________形式。先行詞復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)【應(yīng)用實踐】

(1)單句改錯。