虛擬語氣用法總結(jié)(超好,原創(chuàng))

虛擬語氣2021/5/91概念：謂語v用不同的形式表示說話人的不同意圖，這種形式稱為語氣。語氣分三種：1.陳述語氣：用來陳述一個事實，或提出一種看法，有肯定、否定、疑問、感嘆等形式。Heislateforclass.Whatfun!Heisnotinterestedinclassicalmusic.2.祈使語氣：用來表示請求、邀請、命令、警告或勸告等（動詞常用原形）Don’tbelate！3.虛擬語氣：表示說話人所說的不是事實，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測。2021/5/92一、虛擬語氣在if非真實條件句中主語+did/were主語+should/would/could/might+do主語+haddone主語+should/would/could/might+havedone

主語+1.did2.shoulddo3.weretodo主語+should/would/could/might+do2021/5/93Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.1.如果我是你，我會接受他的建議。2.如果明天下雨，我會待在家里。3.如果你以前好好學(xué)習，

你會通過考試的。IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.2021/5/94Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe______inturn,you______sotired.drove;didn’tgetdrove;wouldn’tgetweredriving;wouldn’tgethaddriven;wouldn’thavegot2021/5/95________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangPuBridge.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will2021/5/96注意：1.錯綜時間虛擬語氣當從句主句所表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。Ifyou____________(follow)myadvicejustnow,you_________(be)betternow.Ifyou__________(study)hardbefore,you_______(be)acollegestudentnow.hadfollowedwouldbehadstudiedwouldbe2021/5/97Ifyou______withGeorgeearlier,you_____soangrynow.talked;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnotbewouldtalk;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnothavebeen2021/5/98Ifwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_____soseriouslynow.isnotpollutedwouldnotbepollutedhadnotbeenpollutedwouldnothavebeenpolluted2021/5/992.if從句中，were，had（完成時態(tài)標志），should可以放在句首，（用于倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)），if必須省略。否定詞not不能放在前面。1.HadInotseenhimthen(Hadn’tIseenhimthen),I

wouldn'thavebeenveryhappy.2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.3.Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.4.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.Hadyoustudiedhardbefore,……WereIyou,……Shoulditrainedtomorrow/Wereittoraintomorrow,2021/5/9103、含蓄虛擬語氣有時為了表達的需要，在虛擬語氣中，并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而通過其它手段來代替條件句。常用的有介詞with，without，butfor（倘沒有，要不是）；連詞or，but；副詞otherwise等。1.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.=IfIhadn‘tbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.2021/5/9112.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.3.Ishouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.4.Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?5.Without

/Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,…2021/5/912Withoutelectricity,humanbeinglife______quitedifferenttoday.iswillbewouldhavebeenwouldbe2021/5/913Butforhishelp,I______.shouldnothavesucceededhavenotsucceededdidnotsucceedhadnotsucceeded2021/5/914Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_____agoal.hadscoredscoredwouldscorewouldhavescored2021/5/915—Whydidn’tyoubuyit?—I______butIdidn’thavethemoney.A.wouldB.wouldhaveC.hadhadD.hadbought2021/5/916二、虛擬語氣的其他用法1.asif/asthough（好像）+從句與現(xiàn)在相反did/were與過去相反haddone與將來相反would/could/might+doHelooksasifhewereanartist.Hetalkedabouttheaccidentasifhehadseenit.(區(qū)分evenif/though)2021/5/917注意：若表示的確有某種可能(尤指天氣），也可不用虛擬語氣。Eg.Look!Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit______.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken2021/5/9182.Itis(high/about)time(that)

sbdid/sbshould（不可省略）+do該是某人做某事的時候了。Itishightimethatyougotup/shouldgetup.2021/5/919I’mgettingtired;it’stimewe_____home.A.goB.aregoingC.wentD.shouldbegoing2021/5/9203.wish/ifonly(要是……就好了）+從句

與現(xiàn)在事實相反did/were

與過去事實相反haddone（或用couldhavedone）

與將來事實相反could/would/might+do

Iwish(that)he________________(visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he_________(visit)ustoday.I

wishhe____________________________(visit)usyesterday.hadvisitedus/couldhavevisiteduswould/could/mightvisitvisitedIfonlyyou_____________（listen)toouradvice!IfonlyI_____(be)abird!hadlistenedwere2021/5/9214.在wouldrather+賓語從句中與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵪喾磀id/were與過去事實相反haddone即：wouldrathersbdid/haddoneIwouldratheryou______(come)heretomorrow.Iwouldratheryou__________(nottell)methetruth.camehadn’ttold2021/5/9225.用于表示建議（advise/suggest/propose/recommend）命令(order/command)要求(demand/require/request/desire)堅持要求(insist)等詞相連的從句中需用虛擬語氣：sb（should）+do1.Isuggestedthathe(should)gothereatonce.

(賓語從句)2.Myadviceisthatwe(should)tellhimthenews.3.Imadeasuggestionthathe------(同位語從句)4.Itissuggestedthathe------(主語從句)5.Mysuggestionwasthathe-----(表語從句)2021/5/923區(qū)別：Thisisthesuggestionthat/whichhemadeatthemeeting.(定語從句)Theofficergavetheorderthatnothing____untilthepeoplearrived.A.didn’ttouchB.touchedC.betouchedD.touch2021/5/924注意：suggest:表明，暗示陳述語氣

建議虛擬語氣Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe_____（be)illandthatshe________________(send)tohospitalimmediately.Insist：堅持說，堅持認為陳述語氣

堅持主張，堅持要求虛擬語氣Heinsistedthathe____________(notsteal)themoneyandinsistedthathe_____________(set)free.was(should)besenthadn’tstolen(should)