專題6.語法填空解題技巧中考英語題型過關(guān)（原卷版）

語法填空解題技巧無詞形變化的詞題，一般是3個或4個小題，近年來，只考查了冠詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞（連詞）和介詞等三類詞；有詞形變化的詞題，即要填詞的正確形式，一般是6個或7個小題，?？疾榱舜~的四種格式，謂語動詞的時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、形容詞或副詞的比較級、詞類轉(zhuǎn)化、疑問詞、從句中引導(dǎo)詞等幾種情況。解題思維導(dǎo)圖根據(jù)設(shè)題規(guī)律，可將語法填空題的基本思路歸納成下表：1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換形容詞、副詞、動詞（同一詞根）名詞2.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、所有格、可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞2.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、所有格、可數(shù)與不可數(shù)1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（變反義詞或副詞）1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（變反義詞或副詞）形容詞 形容詞2.比較級或最高級的幾種用法語法填空類解題思路2.比較級或最高級的幾種用法語法填空類解題思路副詞實詞同形容詞 副詞實詞同形容詞時態(tài)，注意?？紩r態(tài) 時態(tài)，注意?？紩r態(tài)語態(tài)，即被動語態(tài)作謂語語態(tài)，即被動語態(tài)作謂語語氣，即虛擬語氣（初中不做考察）語氣，即虛擬語氣（初中不做考察）動詞 動詞1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（動詞變動名詞或不定式） 1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（動詞變動名詞或不定式）1.todo表:將來/目的作非謂語1.todo表:將來/目的作非謂語2.Ving表:主動/進行/已經(jīng)發(fā)生2.Ving表:主動/進行/已經(jīng)發(fā)生2.非謂語3.Ved表:被動/完成3.Ved表:被動/完成人稱代詞、不定代詞、反身代詞人稱代詞、不定代詞、反身代詞物主代詞：形容詞性物主代詞后必須加名詞;名詞性物主代詞作物主代詞：形容詞性物主代詞后必須加名詞;名詞性物主代詞作主語，賓語，本身就是名詞，后不需再加名詞。代詞代詞指代上文事物形式主語指代上文事物形式主語形式賓語強調(diào)句型It的用法 It的用法ThatThat的用法、疑問代詞（what、who、which、whom、whose）和疑問副詞（when、where、how、why）的用法名詞之前,尤其是泛指”一名詞之前,尤其是泛指”一”,或特指某個人或事物;泛指用a/an,特指用the冠詞當空格后的名詞在句中不是作主語，表語或動詞賓語時，選填介詞；注意搭配當空格后的名詞在句中不是作主語，表語或動詞賓語時，選填介詞；注意搭配常為介詞考查主要內(nèi)容依據(jù)。虛詞介詞介詞空格前后都是句子（一個主謂就為一個句子）；前后都是并列單詞或短語空格前后都是句子（一個主謂就為一個句子）；前后都是并列單詞或短語1.單詞/短語+并列連詞+單詞/短語；2.一個句子+并連/從連+一個句子3.從屬連詞+一個句子，一個句子（主句）；主句+連詞（關(guān)系詞）+從句連詞連詞二．易考詞性出現(xiàn)背景：1.名詞1）名詞出現(xiàn)的背景動詞后作賓語、介詞后作賓語、冠詞之后、數(shù)詞之后2）名詞詞形技巧：主要考慮名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)及其所有格形式。2.動詞1）動詞出現(xiàn)的背景主賓或介賓之間的動詞．be動詞后的動詞：進行時與被動語態(tài)；情態(tài)動詞之后缺動詞；并列關(guān)系中的動詞；主謂分離后的謂語動詞形式；分詞后置作定語：過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。2）動詞詞形技巧：主要考慮是要填動詞的謂語形式(原形、第三人稱單數(shù)、過去式、現(xiàn)在分詞及其過去分詞形式。)還是填動詞的非謂語形式(不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞)3.形容詞1）形容詞出現(xiàn)的背景作表語、作定語修飾名詞、用在某些動詞后作賓語補足語2）形容詞詞形技巧：主要考慮形容詞原形、比較級、最高級形式。4.副詞1）副詞出現(xiàn)的背景A．句首，作狀語修飾整個句子B．在動賓結(jié)構(gòu)之后或系表結(jié)構(gòu)之間表程度、方式、頻率等，修飾動詞C.在所修飾的形容詞之前，作程度副詞2).副詞詞形技巧：主要考慮副詞原形、比較級、最高級形式。5.代詞代替前文出現(xiàn)的人、物或一件事6.介詞注意常用的介詞用法和固定搭配7.連詞注意上下文及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系8.冠詞a\an\the的用法區(qū)分9.平時的學(xué)習(xí)和做題過程中也要注意積累固定搭配和固定句型，培養(yǎng)語感。（2023·湖北·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thechildren,seeingthehousethebirdlandedon,stoppedandlookedforsometime.Itwasnotanormalhouseatall.Itwasmadeofbreadandcandy,andthe1(window)weremadeofsugar.Thechildren2(sudden)rantothehouseandstartedtoeatit.Astheyate,a3(woman)voicecouldbeheardfrominsidethehousesaying,“Who’sthat,eatingatmyhome?”Thechildrendroppedwhatthey4(eat),andwereabouttorunaway,butthenaveryoldwomanappearedatthedoor.“Ah!Children!”shesaid.“Donotrun,ein.There’smuchmorefoodinside.”Thewomanseemedsokind5thechildrenlostallfeelingofdanger,andwentstraighttoher,andlethertaketheirhandsandleadthemintoherroom.They6(give)allkindsofdeliciousfoodanddrink,andtheyweretoldthattheycouldstayaslongastheywanted,forthewomanhadanotherroom7twocleanbeds.Askindastheoldladyappearedtobe,shewasreallyaterriblewitch(女巫),wholikedtoeatchildren.Herhousewasmadeofbreadandcandy,becausechildrenlikedsuchthings,andsoitwouldbeeasierforthewitch8(get)themtostay.Shedidnoteatthemrightaway,foroftenthechildrenwereverythin,andthewitchwishedtomakethem9(fat)thanbefore,bygivingthemalotoffood.Andso,thenextmorning,she10(go)intotheroomwherethechildrenweresleeping.Asshelookeddownonthemintheirbeds,shesaid,“Yes.Theywillmakeaverydeliciousdinner.”（2023·貴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在各題空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Eachyear,billionsofpoundsofgarbageendupintheoceans.Sometimespeoplethrowawaywater1(bottle)orotherplastic.Theydonotrecycletheirgarbage.Peoplemaynotknowthatwind2raincanmovegarbagefromlandtosea.Plastictakesaverylongtimetobreakdown.Itcanremainintheoceans3hundredsofyears.Plasticpiecesarevery4(danger)toseaanimals.Onegroup,WashedAshore,cameupwithanewidea5(tell)peopleabouttheproblemsintheoceans.First,theytakethegarbagefrom6beach.Then,theycleanandsortit.7(final),theyworkwiththeplasticpiecestomakehugeworksofart.Theartworkismostlyofseacreatures(生物).WashedAshorehas8(create)morethanseventyoftheseworksofart.Someof9(they)arenowtravelinginashowallovertheworld.Eachpieceshowstheeffectsoftrash.Inoneshow,peoplelearnhowplasticfoolsfishandotherseaanimals.Theythinktheplastic10(be)food,eatit,andgetverysickorevendie.Thiswouldnothappenifpeopleusedlessplasticanddidnotlitter.Theplasticwouldnotendupintheocean.（2023·山東日照·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式（每空不多于三個單詞）。WhenIwas20yearsold,Ihadabigdreaminmymind.Iwanted1（travel）aroundAfricawithmybackpack.SoIleftmyhometownwithconfidence（信心）andarrived2CapeTown,notreallysurewhattodonext.3（lucky）,beforemytripstarted,Imetakind,oldNigerianman.Hegavemethe4（good）traveladviceIhadeverreceived:“Belikeastudentonyourwayaroundtheworld.”Theadvicesoundedsimple,but5reallychangedmyideaabouttraveling.Hehelpedmerealizethattravelisabout6（learn）cultures.It’sfartooeasytogointo7newcountryandbelieveyourwaysarebetter.“Butifyoustudy,askquestions,8trytolearnfromthelocals,youwillhavefarricherexperience,”hepromised.Afterseven9（month）offullbackpackinginAfricafromCapeTowntoCairo,Irealizedhavingastudentlikemindhelpedmelearnalot,which10（satisfy）memorethananyothertripthateverdidtome.（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ZhangYiisaChinesereporterinSingapore.In2022,awomanwithgreyhairlivingnearbyvisitedhim.Thewomanintroduced1(she)asSarah.SheaskedifZhangcouldhelplookforherpenpal2wasfromChina.DuanChunwasSarah’sfirstChinesepenpal.Theywrotealotoflettersandsharedthecolorfulschoollivessixtyoneyearsago.Alltheletters

3(keep)bySarah.Theywerefull4hersweetmemories.However,Sarahhadn’treceivedanylettersfromDuanformanyyears.Itseemedimpossibletofindapersonaftersuchalongtime,5Zhangpromisedtodohisbest.HepostedsomeofDuan’sblackandwhite6(photo)andtheirstoriesontheInternet.Tohisjoy,many7(love)strangersjoinedhiminsearchingforDuan.Althoughtheywentthroughlotsoftrouble,theyneverstoppedtrying.Afewmonths8(late),thetwopenpalsfinallybegantomunicatewitheachotheragain.Theyweresoexcitedthattheydecided9(meet)inChina.SarahpreparedagiftforDuantocelebrateher10(seventyfive)birthday.Itwaswiththehelpofsomanycaringpeopleandhightechnologythatthecrosscountryfriendshipwasabletocontinue.（2023·湖北恩施·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式（不超過3詞）。TheDuanwuFestivalisalsocalledtheDragonBoatFestival.Itisatraditionalholidaywithahistoryofmorethan2,000yearsinChina.Itisonthe1(five)dayoflunarMayeveryyear.Therearemany2(story)abouttheorigin(起源)ofthisfestival.Amongthem,thefollowingoneaboutQuYuanisthemost3(wide)accepted.QuYuanwas4greatpoetandgoodofficial.Helovedhiscountrydeeply.He5(jump)intoMiluoRiverafterhiscountry’sbeingdefeated.Peoplethrewakindoffoodnamedzongziintotherivertofeedthefishinorderthattheywouldn’teatQu’sbody.NowontheDragonBoatFestival,Chinesepeopleenjoyaonedayholiday6(remember)QuYuan.Peoplehavedifferentactivities,including7(eat)zongziandhavingdragonboatracesandsoon.Thedragonboatracesarethemost8(excite)partofthefestival.Alltheteamspracticesohard9theycanbeethewinners.Manywesterncountries10(hold)dragonboatraceseveryyear,likeSweden,CanadaandtheUSA．TheDuanwuFestivalisbeingmoreandmorepopulararoundtheworld.（2023·黑龍江大慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Fillineachblankwithaproperformofthewordgivenoraproperword.Nov.29th,2022—China’s1(tradition)teamakingwasaddedtotheintangibleculturalheritagelist(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄)oftheUNESCO.Teahas2historyofmorethan2000yearsinChina.Inancienttimes,peoplecalledteabymanydifferentnames.It3(say)thattheChinesecharacter“cha”forteaisfinallydecidedbyLuYu..SincetheTangDynasty(朝代),Chineseteahasleftabiginfluence4othercountries.Afterthe18thcentury.Chineseteawas5(successful)introducedtomanycountries,suchasIndiaandSriLanka.Nowagreatnumberofpeopleenjoy6(drink)tea.Besides,theyaregreatlyinterestedin7(it)historyandculture.Chinaisactuallytheonlycountry8canproduceallsixtypesoftea—green,yellow,dark,white,oolongandblack.Therearemorethan2000teaproducts.Chineseteaculture9(include)theChinesewayofdealingwiththeworld.Intea,wefindpeace,art,and10(polite).IthasbeenanimportantpartofChineseculture.（2023·四川德陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）ZhangPengisatenyearoldboy.Hehasabrotherandasister.Theyoftenfightwitheachotherformany1(reason).Thosefightsinfluencehisdailylife.However,hedoesn’tknow2todo.LiYongisZhangPeng’sfriend.Hehastwobrothersandtheyneverfight.Theyalwayshavesmileson3(they)faces.OnedayZhangPengaskedLiYongwhyheandhisbrotherscouldgetonwellwitheachother.LiYongsmiledand4(invite)ZhangPengtohishome.Astheyenteredthehouse,LiYong’selderbrothersawthemandsaid,“Hi,eandsharesomeicecream5me.”Atthesametime,LiYong’s6(young)brothercameoutofhisroom.Whenhesawthem,helookedveryhappyandsaid7(excited),“Hi,LiYong,Ihaveastory8(tell)you.It’sinteresting!”HowhappyLiYong’sfamilylifeis!After9(think)forawhile,ZhangPengunderstandsthatLiYong’ssecretofhaving10goodrelationshipwithhisfamilyistoshare.Theysharealltheirfoodandstories.（2023·山東臨沂·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Itwasearlyspring,andtherewasalightfog(霧)overthetreesandfields.Iandtheotheryounghorses1(eat)atthelowerendofthefieldwhenweheardthecryofdogsfaraway.The2(old)amongusliftedhisheadtolisten.“Therearethedogs!”hesaid,andranawayatonce.Wefollowedhimtothetop3thefield.Mymotherandanotheroldhorsewerestandingnear.“Theyhavefoundahare(野兔),”saidmymother,“andiftheyethisway,we4(see)thehunt(打獵).”Soonthedogswereallrunningdownthefieldnexttoours,makingaloud“yoyoyo”soundatthetopoftheirvoices.Afterthencamemenonhorsesasfastastheycould.Suddenly,thedogsbecame5(silence)andranaroundwiththeirnosestotheground.“They6(lose)thesmelloftheharealready,”saidtheoldhorse.“Perhapsshewillrunaway.”Butthedogsbegantheir“yoyoyo”againandcameatfullspeedtowardsourfield.Justthenahare,wildwithfear,rantowardsthetrees.Thedogsjumpedoverasmallriverandranacrossthefield.Sixoreighthuntsmen(獵人)jumpedtheirhorsesover7smallriver,closebehindthedogs.Beforetheharecouldgetaway,thedogswereuponherwithwildcries.Weheardaterriblecry,andthatwastheendofthehare.She8(pick)upbyoneofthemen.Shewascoveredinblood,butallthehuntsmenseemedpleased.Iwas9surprisedthatatfirstIdidn’tseewhatwashappeningbytheriver.LaterIsawasadsight(景象)—twohorsesweredownandtheriderswerehurt.Mymothersaid,“Ican’tunderstandwhymenlikethissportsomuch.Theyquiteoftenhurt10(they)andgoodhorses.”（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Fillintheblankswiththegrammaticalknowledgeaccordingtothepassage.DoyouknowanycustomsonNewYear’sDayinothercountries?IntheUK,theyhave1interestingcustom.Accordingtothecustom,thefamilywillhavegoodluckinthenewyearifatall,darkandhandsomemanisthe2(one)persontoenterthefrontdoorafterthenewyeararrives.Usuallythe3(visit)carriesapieceofcoal,aloaf(面包)andabottleofWhiskey(威士忌酒).Heshouldnotspeakto4(someone)orbespokentountilhefinishesseveralthings.Thesethingsincludeplacingthecoalonthefire,puttingtheloafonthetable,5(serve)thedrinktothefamilyheadand6(final)wishingeveryonea“HappyNewYear”.Heshouldleavethehousethroughthebackdoortopletethetraditionperfectly.7France,beforethearrivaloftheNewYear,thefamilyalwaysgettogetheranddrinkupalltheliquor(酒)athome.Theythinkthatifthereisstillliquorinthehouse,there8(be)badluckinthenewyear.Andinsome9(area)inIndia,peopledonotcelebratetheNewYear,butcry.Doyouknowwhy?Itissaidthattheycry10timegoesquicklyandlifeissoshort.Thesecustomsarereallyinteresting,aren’tthey?（2023·四川內(nèi)江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ZhangDaqianwasbornonMay10,1899,inNeijiang,Sichuan.HewasoneofthemostfamousChinese1（artist）ofthe20thcentury.Atayoungage,he2（encourage）byhisfamilytopaint.In1917,hewenttoJapan3（learn）painting.Twoyearslater,hewenttoShanghaitoreceive4（tradition）paintinginstructionfromtwofamousChinesepainters.5thehelpofthem,Zhanghadthechancetostudysomeancientpaintings.Zhangwenttothenorthinthelate1920s.He6（begin）toworkwithaBeijingpainter,PuXinyu.ZhangandPuweresowellknown7theywerehonoredas“SouthZhangandNorthPu”.Itshowedtheirhighstatus（地位）inpainting.In1940,ZhangDaqianwenttothecaves（窟）ofMogaoandYulin.Heandhisgroupworkedharddayandnightthere.8（final）,theystudiedover200paintings.Afterthisexperience,hispaintingskillsweremuch9（good）thanbefore.Hispainting,createdin1978,wassoldat10verygoodpricein2021.（2023·湖北孝感·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面的短文，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。（每空不超過三個單詞)Oncetherewasaking,whosesonwasbadlyill.Onlythewaterfromalakefarawaycouldsavetheprince.Thekingpromisedtopayhalfofhisgold1thewater.Thenewsreachedafarmerwhohadtwo2(son)andadaughter.“Let’slookforthewater.”saidthetwobrothers.Theytraveledalot,3theystilldidn’tfindit.Sotheybroughtsomewaterfrom4rivernearby.Ofcourse,theprincegot5(bad)thanbefore.Thekingbecameangryandhewouldkillthetwobrothers.Thefarmer’syoungdaughterTinadecidedtolookforthewaterbyherself.Shewalkedforalongtime,andstopped6(have)arestunderatree.Shenoticedthreebirds,tiredandhungry.“Birds,takesomeofmycorn!”shesaid.“Thankyou!Whereareyougoing?”askedthebirds.Tinatold7(they)thestory.“Alongand8(danger)journey!Maybeyouneedourhelp.”saidthebirds.Theyofferedheramagic(神奇的)leaf.“Makeawish,andshaketheleaf.Yourwishwilletrue.”Tinamadeawishtogettothelake9(quick).Sheshooktheleaf,andthenthereshewas!Tinagotthemagicwaterandbroughtittotheking.Theprince10(save).“Takehalfofmygold!”saidtheking.Tinadidn’twantthegold.Sheonlyaskedthekingtofreehertwobrothers.Thekingagreed.Finally,Tinaandhertwobrotherswenthometogether.（2023·四川樂山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式。Onceuponatime,therewasawiseoldmanwhohadsevensons.Buthissons1(are)alwaysfighting.Itmadesomebadpeoplehappybecausetheywantedtocheat（欺騙）thebrothersoutoftheir2(father)money.Oneday,thefatherdecidedtohelphissonsstop3(fight),sohebroughtthemtogether.Hetiedsevenchopstickstogether,andsaid,“Iwillgiveallofmymoneyto4onewhocanbreakthisbundle（捆）.”Thesevensonseachtried5(break)thechopsticks,butitwastoohard.Theyagreedthatitwasimpossible.“Yet,mysons,”saidthefather,“it’sactuallyeasytodo.”Heuntiedthechopsticksandbrokethemone6oneeasily.“Aha!”saidhissons,“It’seasytodothatway.Anyonecandoit.”Thefather7(go)on,“Asitiswiththesechopsticks,soitiswithyou,mysons.Ifyousticktogetherandhelpeachother,youwilldowell,andnobodycanharmyou.Butifyoufight,youwillbelikethesechopsticks,broken8weak.”Thesevensonslistened9(careful)andpromisedtosticktogether.Theykepttheirpromiseandfacedlife’s10(difficulty)together,justastheirwisefatherhadtaughtthem.（2023·內(nèi)蒙古包頭·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IfyouliveinthecitiesinEngland,therewillbeagreatchancethatyoumaymeetafoxinreallife.Someanimalsneedspecialhabitats(棲息地)orfood.Butfoxescanliveinallkindsofamazinglydifferent1(place)suchasdeserts,mountainsandcities.AcitylikeLondoncanbereallybusyand2(noise),butitstillhasquietcornerswherefoxescansleep.Italsohasfoxfoodsuchasmiceandfoodsdroppedbypeople.Recentlysomepeopleincitieshavealready3(see)foxescloseathand,buttheyneverseemscared.Whyisthat?Theyare4smartthattheycanevenrememberallthesafecornerswheretheycanescape.Ifafoxthinksitcanruntoitssafeexit5(fast)thanyoucanapproach(接近),itwillprobablyjustsitdownandwait.Theywon’twasteenergyrunningoffunlessitreally6(bee)necessary.However,it’s7(usual)betternottofeedfoxes.Butdoenjoy8(watch)them.Theyarebeautifulinterestinganimalsandlots9peopleenjoythemaround.Afterall,seeingfoxesis10excitingreminderofourconnectiontonature.（2023·青海·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個恰當?shù)膯卧~或用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。InFebruary,therewasavideoaboutAsianelephantsinYunnan,inwhichtwo1(elephant)werefightingforfood.By2endof2022,thenumberofwildAsianelephants3(be)morethan300.Theystartedtovisitvillages.4didtheydoso