珠海市某香山別墅能源系統(tǒng)綜合設(shè)計

北京理工大學珠海學院2020屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計[11]。綜上所述，別墅熱水系統(tǒng)機組的選擇是空氣能熱泵熱水器。4.3熱泵設(shè)計說明熱水用量確定：表4.2熱水用水定額表序號建筑物名稱單位最高日用水定額（L)使用時間（h)1住宅有自備熱水供應和沐浴設(shè)備有集中熱水供應和沐浴設(shè)備每人每日每人每日40~8060~100242別墅每人每日70~110243酒店式公寓每人每日80~110244宿舍1類、2類3類、4類每人每日每人每日70~10040~8024或定時供應5招待所、培訓中心、普通旅館設(shè)公用清洗室設(shè)公用清洗室、淋浴室設(shè)公用清洗室、淋浴室、洗衣室、設(shè)單獨衛(wèi)生間、公用洗衣室每人每日每人每日每人每日每人每日25~4040~6050~8060~10024或定時供應6賓館客房旅館員工每床位每日每人每日120~16040~50247醫(yī)院住院部設(shè)公用清洗室設(shè)公用清洗室、淋浴室設(shè)單獨衛(wèi)生間醫(yī)務人員門診部、診療所療養(yǎng)院、修養(yǎng)所住房部每床位每日每床位每日每床位每日每人每班每個病人每次每床位每日60~10070~130110~20070~1307~13100~1602424248824設(shè)計參數(shù)珠海市某別墅預計人員：共6人；別墅需24小時供應熱水。要保持相對穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。表4.3別墅熱水參數(shù)設(shè)定表別墅計算人口（人）6每人用水量選擇（L）100用水總量600計算終止溫度（℃）50計算冷水溫度（℃）15熱量總負荷（kw.h）24.424.4別墅供熱水系統(tǒng)4.4.1別墅熱水機型選型（1）、設(shè)備選型：根據(jù)表4-3別墅熱水參數(shù)設(shè)定表，本別墅的熱水系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計選用某品牌“熱水灣—KFRS-19M/NaBS”直熱循環(huán)式空氣能熱泵水機組作為制取熱水的設(shè)備。品牌設(shè)備型號數(shù)量外形尺寸某品牌-“熱水灣”KFRS-19M/NaBS11078×453×1510表4.4別墅熱水系統(tǒng)機組型號表（2）、“某品牌－熱水灣”直熱循環(huán)空氣能熱水機組參數(shù)：表4.5熱水機組參數(shù)型號KFRS-19M/NaBS額定制熱量（kW）19.5平均輸入功率（kW）4.5額定熱水產(chǎn)量(L/h)419總電源三相四線380V50Hz壓縮機形式全封閉轉(zhuǎn)子壓縮機數(shù)量1型式低噪音調(diào)速軸流機風機臺數(shù)1功率（kW）0.25外形尺寸長（mm）1510寬（mm）453高（mm）1510出水溫度水箱溫度：默認50℃；30-55℃可調(diào)制冷劑R410(3000g)換熱器形式U型翅片式冷媒控制方式熱力膨脹閥噪聲dB(A)56重量（kg）140注：1、額定工況：環(huán)境干球溫度20℃，濕球溫度15℃；熱水溫度55℃。（3）、水箱容量選定別墅熱水使用是分散型，使用時間不是集中式，因而對水箱的要求應滿足最大熱水量的要求，從經(jīng)濟上考慮該棟別墅選擇350L的保溫水箱（350L熱水+419L/h機組熱水660L測算日用水量）。4.4.2熱水管道、設(shè)備布置圖4.1別墅熱水系統(tǒng)管路設(shè)備布置圖另：別墅熱水系統(tǒng)建筑平面CAD圖，見附錄圖4.2直熱循環(huán)空氣能熱泵水機組安裝示意圖4.4.3循環(huán)水泵別墅熱系統(tǒng)水泵選型依據(jù)是水泵的流量和揚程：①冷水增壓泵選型在這種情況下，當環(huán)境溫度為20°c，進水溫度為15°c時，單個機組的最大出水量為0.6m/h，考慮到1.2的安全系數(shù)，1臺機組運行時，所選冷水增壓泵流量：（式4.1）別墅樓層高:（式4.2）（式4.3）室外管網(wǎng)最低供水壓力（式4.4）取最不利配水點流出水頭（式4.5）計算冷水增壓泵的揚程：（式4.6）余量系數(shù)1.1~1.2（本案例選1.15），進而選定冷水增壓泵的揚程：（式4.7）即冷水增壓泵的流量為0.72m3/h，揚程為7.65mH2O。表4.6冷卻水泵參數(shù)表機型揚程（m3）（m3/h）功率（kw）ISG25-110(I)(B)(C)82.50.55②熱水循環(huán)水泵選型熱水循環(huán)水泵流量確定熱水系統(tǒng)選用機組KFRS-19M/NaBS所需循環(huán)水泵的流量為：（式4.8）熱水循環(huán)水泵靜壓確定：熱水出水與水箱最低水位高差為1.2m,則（式4.9）最不利配水點流出水頭（式4.10）（式4.11）計算熱水循環(huán)水泵的揚程：（式4.12）余量系數(shù)1.1~1.2（本案例選1.15）進而選定循環(huán)泵揚程：（式4.13）即熱水循環(huán)水泵流量為0.72m3/h，揚程為20mH2O。表4-7熱水循環(huán)水泵參數(shù)表機型揚程（m3）（m3/h）功率（kw）ISG25-160(I)(B)(C)202.51.13）熱水機組水阻力表：表4-8熱水機組水阻力表型號循環(huán)水阻力（kPa)循環(huán)水阻力（m)KFRS-10(M)A1505KFRS-12M/NaB3545.4KFRS-19M/NaBS858.5KFRS-39M/NaBS585.8KFRS-39M/NaB3S505KFRS-80SM/NaBS606KFRS-130FMA1S303KFRS-150FMA2S3034.4.4水管選型熱水機組進、出水管徑的確定是根據(jù)機組額定水流量和設(shè)計水流量來確定的。（參考GB50015-2003建筑給水排水設(shè)計規(guī)范）表4-9水管選型推薦表

5.能源系統(tǒng)綜合設(shè)計方案5.1基于智能家居控制的中央空調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)方案在大數(shù)據(jù)時代，科技技術(shù)的飛快發(fā)展，智能手機使用越來越普遍，智能家家居應運而生——“小米生態(tài)圈”、“某品牌萬物網(wǎng)”等，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代下，中央空調(diào)將會實現(xiàn)云控制。因此，針對中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)控制設(shè)計出一個WIFI控制模塊器，控制器接通網(wǎng)絡(luò)，通過手機APP與控制模塊器匹配實現(xiàn)遠程操控。以下是針對WIFI控制模塊器的設(shè)計：圖5.1WIFI控制器外觀圖表5.1WIFI控制器功能特點表外觀形狀整體外觀為圓盤狀，呈白色，中間帶有透光環(huán)，小巧精美電源有多種電源可以選擇（12V、24V、220V）控制范圍一個WIFI控制器對應一個空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，最多可控制64個末端遠程控制用戶可通過手機App，實現(xiàn)在家中或戶外控制空調(diào)機組。場景設(shè)置可根據(jù)用戶需求，設(shè)置不同設(shè)備開關(guān)時間間隔、功能切換等。功能1.控制整個空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的運行和停止2.獨立控制每個房間的每一臺室內(nèi)末端的開關(guān)3.獨立控制每個房間的送風溫度、濕度3.預約功能4.末端清潔提醒功能圖5.2WIFI控制器網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲圖每個WIFI控制器最多控制六十四個中央空調(diào)室內(nèi)末端及一臺中央空調(diào)室外機的空調(diào)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在WIFI控制器連接互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的情況下，智能手機可以通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對別墅中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)進行遠程控制。5.2基于智能家居新風系統(tǒng)的控制針對新風系統(tǒng)可以設(shè)計一個空氣檢測盒進行對新風機組進行遠程控制，空氣檢測盒是WIFI控制器的升級版，它可以實現(xiàn)聯(lián)網(wǎng)遠程控制新風機組的開關(guān)及調(diào)節(jié)送風量大小的功能，同時具備WIFI控制器不具有的空氣質(zhì)量檢測功能和空氣嚴重污染報警功能，空氣檢測包含了PM2.5濃度檢測、CO2含量檢測、溫度和濕度的檢測，并且可以根據(jù)檢測空氣中PM2.5、CO2的濃度值，環(huán)境溫度值和濕度值，計算出空氣質(zhì)量等級。表5.2空氣質(zhì)量等級表空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)級別空氣質(zhì)量評級等級指標對應顏色是否報警一級優(yōu)綠色否二級良黃色否三級輕度污染橙色否四級中度污染橙色否五級重度污染紅色是六級嚴重污染紅色是線控器、空氣檢測盒及全熱交換新風除霾機組的連接：圖5.3新風除霾機組控制連接示意圖空氣檢測盒子顯示空氣質(zhì)量等級有兩種模式：夜燈模式和呼吸燈模式，呼吸燈模式：類似呼吸動作亮暗交替工作；夜燈模式：亮度固定不變?？梢酝ㄟ^手機APP進行設(shè)置和切換，同時用戶也可以通過手機了解到具體每個房間的空氣質(zhì)量等級，如果某個房間被檢測到空氣質(zhì)量為重度或嚴重污染，手機將會接收到通知且空氣檢測控制盒會發(fā)出警報聲。5.3基于智能家居控制的熱水系統(tǒng)控制基于智能家居控制的熱水系統(tǒng)控制是通過電器盒子來實現(xiàn)的。通過智能手機APP匹配對應電器盒子，將電器盒連接路由器實現(xiàn)通網(wǎng)，再將電器盒連接空氣源熱泵水機組、儲存水箱、循環(huán)水泵和供水泵等設(shè)備，最終實現(xiàn)遠程控制別墅熱水系統(tǒng)的開關(guān)、調(diào)節(jié)別墅生活熱水溫度、檢測水箱熱水溫度、讓熱水管道冷水回流到儲存水箱中等功能。圖5.4遠程控制熱水系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲圖5.4別墅空調(diào)、新風及熱水系統(tǒng)綜合控制方案基于智能家居下開發(fā)出一款智能家居控制APP，可以實現(xiàn)跨品牌、跨領(lǐng)域控制不同品牌的家庭空調(diào)系統(tǒng)、新風系統(tǒng)、熱水系統(tǒng)，實現(xiàn)一個軟件控制多個系統(tǒng)。圖5.5智能家居下多系統(tǒng)控制構(gòu)想圖在軟件市場上出現(xiàn)的智能家居控制APP種類繁多，但是功能相對比較簡單、不夠人性化，但在科技迅猛發(fā)展的今天，智能家居將迎來快速發(fā)展，會有更多的資源投向這個領(lǐng)域，二十一世紀的中國已經(jīng)告別了溫飽時代邁向小康社會，人們對物質(zhì)生活的追求會越來越高，因而互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代下的智能家居將迎來春天。

6.總結(jié)畢業(yè)設(shè)計為了更加貼近實際生活，因而我的畢業(yè)設(shè)計選題是“珠海市某香山別墅能源系統(tǒng)綜合設(shè)計”。設(shè)計中的主體是別墅，而設(shè)計對象是別墅建筑中的空調(diào)、新風、熱水系統(tǒng)，別墅多能源系統(tǒng)設(shè)計應用到大學中學習的課本知識：暖通與空調(diào)、熱泵技術(shù)、管路工藝實習、能動專業(yè)課程設(shè)計等專業(yè)知識，此外，還閱讀了大量參考文獻。珠海市某香山別墅為案例，設(shè)計出一套能源系統(tǒng)綜合方案。方案中有三大系統(tǒng)能源系統(tǒng)設(shè)計，其一，中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)：本案例中別墅空調(diào)系統(tǒng)選用多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)，室外機連接多個室內(nèi)機，每個房間的溫濕度由獨立線控器控制。第二，新風系統(tǒng)：本案例中別墅使用全熱交換新風除霾機凈化室外污濁的空氣，通過送風管道將新鮮干凈的空氣送進室內(nèi)，有效改善室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量，讓人們遠離空調(diào)病。其三，熱水系統(tǒng)：別墅熱水系統(tǒng)使用直熱循環(huán)式空氣能熱泵熱水機組為別墅提供熱水，更加節(jié)能、環(huán)保。21世紀的世界是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代，人們的生活離不開網(wǎng)絡(luò)。如果你在21世紀之前離開網(wǎng)絡(luò)，你還是原來的你，但是在21世紀的今天你一旦離開網(wǎng)絡(luò)，你將會這個世界格格不入。在這互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代下，智能家居悄然而生，而且生命力旺盛，家居行業(yè)將迎來的新改革。因此，在設(shè)計別墅綜合能源系統(tǒng)空調(diào)、熱水、新風是當今人們生活最不可缺少的物質(zhì)，在炎熱的夏天誰會為夏天買單——空調(diào)會替你的炎熱買單；在一天的勞累工作后，誰會替你的疲勞買單——每晚的熱水洗澡替的勞累買單；經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展卻以環(huán)境的破壞為代價，誰會為你的呼吸健康買單——新風凈化替你的健康買單。伴隨人民生活條件的改善，對生活質(zhì)量的追求只會越來越高，因此，針對家用中央空調(diào)、新風、熱水系統(tǒng)進行綜合設(shè)計是具有現(xiàn)實意義的，本設(shè)計以珠海市某香山別墅為案例，設(shè)計出一套能源系統(tǒng)綜合方案。參考文獻《民用建筑供暖通風與空氣調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)計規(guī)范GB50736-2012》《采暖通風與空氣調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)計規(guī)范》（GB50019-2003版）《別墅中央空調(diào)設(shè)計》_河南理工大學萬方科技學院本科畢業(yè)論文2019年格力中央空調(diào)設(shè)計選型手冊（上冊）2019年格力中央空調(diào)設(shè)計選型手冊（中冊）吳繼紅、李佐周編著.《中央空調(diào)工程設(shè)計與施工》.北京：高等教育出版社，1997陸亞?。杜照{(diào)》（第二版）：中國建工出版社，2007《民用建筑供暖通風與空氣調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)計規(guī)范GB50736-2012》《熱泵熱水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計、安裝及使用規(guī)范》CRAA311-2009《給水排水工程管道結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范》GB50332-2002鄧甘.對某房家用中央空調(diào)的選型與安裝[J].消費電子,2014(4):3-3.馬偉斌.太陽能-空氣雙熱源熱泵中央熱水系統(tǒng)[J].高科技與產(chǎn)業(yè)化.2005陳東,謝繼紅.熱泵熱水裝置[M].北京:化學工業(yè)出版社.2009劉俊杰.中國新風凈化產(chǎn)品發(fā)展趨勢分析[J].現(xiàn)代家電,2017(4):4-4.古延輝．《基于LPC2294的新風機組監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計》.中北大學:碩士學位論文,2008鄺文君畢浩桐龔凱.地暖新風系統(tǒng)房間的室內(nèi)舒適性研究[J].華北理工大學學報(自然科學版),2018(04):106-111衣金鳳.論戶式央空調(diào)的選用[J].南京天加環(huán)境科技有限公司.江蘇南京.210046附錄附錄1別墅三層建筑平面CAD圖：圖A.1別墅一層平面圖圖A.2別墅二層平面圖圖A.3別墅三層平面圖圖A.4別墅頂層平面布置圖附錄2別墅中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)建筑平面布局CAD圖：圖B.1別墅中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)管路布置圖圖B.2別墅一層空調(diào)管路布置圖圖B.3別墅二層空調(diào)管路布置圖圖B.4別墅三層空調(diào)管路布置圖圖B.5別墅中央空調(diào)室外機安裝示意圖附錄3別墅全熱新風系統(tǒng)建筑平面布局CAD圖：圖C.1別墅全熱新風系統(tǒng)管道布置圖

圖C.2別墅一層全熱新風管道布置圖圖C.3別墅二層全熱新風管道布置圖圖C.4別墅三層全熱新風管道布置圖

附錄4別墅熱水系統(tǒng)建筑平面布局CAD圖：圖D.1別墅熱水系統(tǒng)管路布置圖圖D.2別墅一層熱水管路布置圖圖D.3別墅二層熱水管路布置圖圖D.4別墅三層熱水管路布置圖圖D.5別墅熱水機組安裝示意圖附錄5外文文獻—OntheselectionofcentralairconditioningOntheselectionofcentralairconditioningGarmentjinfengNanjingtianjiaenvironmentaltechnologyco.,LTD.Nanjingjiangsu210046,ChinaAbstractWiththedevelopmentoftherealestatemarket,thedemandforhouseholdcentralairconditioningisincreasing,andhouseholdwaterdispensergraduallyoccupiesthemarketshareduetoitsenergysavingandcomfort.Takingavillaprojectinnanjingasanexample,thispaperintroducesthecharacteristicsoftheseriesofhouseholdcentralairconditioningsystem.Keywords:householdcentralairconditioning;Householdwaterdispenser;Energysaving;Comfortable;Intelligentjointcontrol.Bodytext：Inthe11yearsfrom2007to2017,theannualconstructionareaofhousesinChinaisabout1.68billionsquaremeters,andthecompletedresidentialareaisabout750millionsquaremeters.Amongthem,theresidentialareasoldinnanjingin2017wasabout14.29millionsquaremeters.Therealestatemarketisheatingup,drivingthesalesofhouseholdcentralairconditioningproducts.Withthelargeincreaseofhigh-endresidentialusergroupssuchasvillasandlargeflatfloors,thesinglefunctionoffluorinesystemVRFandunitmachinecannotmeettheneedsofmanyhigh-endconsumers,especiallyintermsofcomfort.Withtheupgradingofconsumptionconcept,consumers'consumptionconsciousnessdevelopstothepersonalizeddevelopment,focusingonthecomfort,cleanness,energysavingandmulti-functionofairconditioning.Inadditiontothefunctionofairconditioning,householdwaterdispensercanalsobedirectlyappliedtothefloorheatingsystem,whichcanbeheatedatthesametimewiththewallhangingfurnaceandsolarenergy,soithascertainadvantagesinenergysaving.Inrecentyears,manyfluorinesystemmanufacturershavebeguntomarkethouseholdcentralairconditioningproductsofwatersystem.Althoughtheshipmentvolumecannotbecomparedwiththesalesvolumeofhouseholdcentralairconditioningproductsoffluorinesystem,itcanbeknownthatfluorinesystemmanufacturershaverecognizedthehouseholdcentralairconditioningproductsofwatersystem.Thenorthcoaltoelectricitymarkettothehouseholdwaterdispensersalesdriveobvious.HouseholdwatercoolercanmeettheheatingdemandofnorthChinamarketinwinterandprovidecoolinginsummer.Theenergy-savingandenvironmentalprotectionfunctionconformstothegovernment'spolicyofreplacingcoalwithelectricity.Householdwatercoolerhasabroadprospectinthenorthernmarket.Thefollowingisanexampleofairconditioningdesignforadouble-storeyvillainnanjingcity.ArchitecturaloverviewThevillaislocatedintheoutskirtsofnanjing,mainlyforlivingandliving,withabuildingareaof260m2andanactualairconditioningareaof186m2.Villasummerairconditioningrefrigeration,winterusingairconditioningorgasboilerfloorradiationheating.Villaneedstoconsidertheexternalwallbearing,beautiful,machinespacelocation,indoormachineneedstocoordinatewiththeinteriordecorationstyle,asfaraspossiblelessoccupiedindoorspace.Groundwaterresourcesmaynotbeusedwithoutgovernmentapproval.Itrequirescomfort,energysaving,healthandconvenientcontrol.

ThechoiceofairconditioningmodeFigure2.1householdcentralairconditioningHouseholdcentralairconditioningmainclassificationisasfollows:1.Variablefrequencymultiplecentralair-conditioning2.Airconditioningandfancoiloftheseparatedvariablefrequencyhouseholdwatermachine3.water(ground)sourceheatpumpairconditioning+fancoilairconditioningwatersystemandfluorinesystemcomprehensivecomparisonvariablefrequencyVRFbelongstothefluorinesystem,water(ground)sourceheatpumpairconditioningandsplitvariablefrequencyhouseholdairconditioning+fancoilsystembelongtothewatersystem(1)energy-savingcomparisonwatermachineadoptsdcfrequencyconversiontechnology,becausethespecificheatcapacityofwaterislarger,thelargertheutilizationrateis,themoreenergysaving,suitableforlargearea(generallymorethan150m2)housinguse.FluorinemachineUSESfrequencyconversiontechnology,highcontrolaccuracy,highefficiencyandenergysaving,whenusedinsmallfamily,itsenergysavingandenergysavingadvantageismoreprominent(2)comparisonofcomfortability:wateristhecarrierofrefrigeration(heat)ofwaterdispenser.Thedifferenceintemperaturebetweentheaircomingoutofthehouseholdwaterdispenserissmall,andthebodyfeelingismorecomfortablewhenthewindblowstothebody.Itseldomtakesawayindoorairmoistureduringoperation,butkeepsindoorairmoist,makingpeoplefeelwarmandcomfortable.Comfortisthebiggesthighlightofthewatermachine.Fluorinemachineistheuseoffreonrefrigerantgasificationheatabsorption,summerairtemperatureislow,forsensitivephysiquepeople,summertothetemperatureistoolowtothecoldwinddirectlyblowingthebodyandwintertodryairconditioninghotairwillfeeluncomfortable.Whenrefrigerationwilltakeawayindoormoisture,resultingindryair,whentheuseofcomfortisslightlypoor.3)comparedwithwater,thespecificheatcapacityofrefrigerationspeedislarger,temperatureriseandtemperaturedropisslower,sotherefrigerationandheatingspeedisslower.Thefluorinemechanismisonandoffwhenit'scold,andit'sveryfast.(4)therearerefrigerantpipes,watersupplyandreturnpipesandcondensatepipesinthepipelineandthepipelineoftheinstallationmachine.Thewaterpipesarecomplicated,andtheinstallationpersonnelshallhavetheprofessionalknowledge,technologyandprocessexperienceofhvac.Waterpipelengthdesignisflexible,notlimited,thewatersystemindoormachine,outdoormachineisrelativelyindependent,donotaffecteachother.Theinternalhydraulicmoduleofthemainenginecanmeettheresistanceofhouseholdwaterpumphead.Fluorinemachineonlyhasrefrigerantpipelineandcondensatepipeline,theconnectionpipelineissimple,theinstallationpersonnel'shvacprofessionalknowledgeisnothigh,buttheweldingtechnologyisveryhigh.Thefluorinesystemdirectlytransportsrefrigeranttoheatexchangerofeachindoormachineofairconditioning.Therefrigerantdistributionpipeislong,andthecopperpipeisexpensive.Therearemanyweldingpointsinthecopperpipeofindoorpipeline,sothehiddendangerprobabilityofrefrigerantleakageislarge.Sothefluorinemachinerefrigerantconnectionpipeinstallationandweldingrequirementsareparticularlyhigh.Therearerequirementsonthedistanceandbitdifferencebetweenindoorandoutdoorairconditioningunits.(5)lowpressurewatersystemisadoptedinthemaintenancecostwatercooler.Therefrigerantoftheunitissealedintheoutdoorunitandtheindoorunit.Theindoorunitisnotintheairconditioningroom.Toensuretherefrigerationeffectoffluorinemachine,specialpersonnelarerequiredtoregularlymaintainandreplenishrefrigerant.Thedistancebetweentheinsideandoutsideoffluorinemachineislong,andtherearemanyweldingpoints.Certainrefrigerantlossisallowedincopperpipeeveryyear.Anothermaintenancechargeisrequired.Considerthespecificrequirementsandactualsituationofthehouseholder:summerairconditioningrefrigerationandwinterheatingrequirements,adequatewaterresources,highcomfortrequirements,indoorbeauty,etc.Ithinkitismostsuitabletochoosethecentralairconditioningsystem+fancoil+floorradiationofthesplitvariablefrequencyhouseholdwatercooler,whichisusedforcoolinginsummerandfloorradiationinwinter.Consideringthatthetimeofairconditioninginthefunctionalareaisinconsistent,thefirstflooriscomposedofsystem1,andthesecondflooriscomposedofsystem2.Themainenginecanbeturnedonasneededtosaveenergyandreduceoperatingcosts.Inthenumeroushouseholdwatercoolercentralairconditioning,Ichooseisthetianjiabrandhomerunhouseholdcentralairconditioningfrequencyconversion.Advantagesofthisseries:1,temperatureandhumiditycontroldayplusuniquetemperatureandhumiditycontroltechnology,sothattheindoorhumiditytomaintainthemostcomfortablerangeofthehumanbody(about50%).Fullyvariablefrequencydesigntoaccuratelycontrolindoortemperature,roomtemperaturefluctuationcanbecontrolledwithin±1℃.2,highefficiencyandenergysavingusevalleywheeldcvariablefrequencyscrollcompressor,variablefrequencywaterpumpandmotor,accordingtothehvacengineeringloadcanautomaticallyadjusttheoperatingfrequencyoftheunit,unit15%~120%variablecapacityregulation,stableoperation.Thewholeworkingconditionjetenthalpytechnology,whetheritisheatingat-25℃orcoolingat48℃,canbeeasilyhandledbytheunit.Theheatingandcoolingefficiencyunderextremeconditionsis30%higherthanthatofordinaryunits.Reduceexhaustsuperheatandimproveoperationreliability.Winterheatingdoesnotneedelectricauxiliaryheat,canachieve40℃refrigerationdoesnotdecay,-20℃heatdoesnotdecay.Theflexiblescrollcompressorhashighvolumeefficiency,goodsealingeffectandbetterperformancethantherotorcompressorunderextremeworkingconditions.Thecomprehensiveenergyefficiencycoefficient(IPLV)oftheunitisashighas4.3,farexceedingthenationallevel1energyefficiencystandard.3,radiantheatingwinterfloorradiantheating,indoorsurfacetemperatureuniformheatfromthebottomup,inlinewiththelawofhumanthermalengineering,giveapersonwithfeetwarmheadcoolfeeling.Floorheatingcanimprovehabitantbloodcirculates,avoidsenilediseasesuchasoldcoldleg,rheumatism,suittohavethefamilyofoldpersonandchildmore.4,splitdesign,notafraidoffreezingunitsusingsplitstructure,watersystemcanbeinstalledindoors.Theunitisequippedwithmultipleanti-freezingdesign,whichcaneffectivelysolvetheproblemoflocalfreezingofwaterpipesinwinterandmakeusersfeelmorecomfortable.5,water"capacity"islarge,superhotwaterstorageasrefrigerant,heatcapacityislarge,thermaltemperatureisstrong,canmaintainroomtemperatureequilibrium.Atthesametime,ithassuperheatstoragecapacity,andcanmaintaintheindoortemperatureforalongtimeaftertheunitisshutdown,whichismoreenergysaving.6.Intelligentjointcontrol,withadvancedfunctionssuchasintelligentcontrolandmobilephonemonitoring,thejiarunseriesofconveniencehomecanbeusedforcustomerstocontrolatwillandstartupwithonebutton.Theusercandirectlycontroltheswitchandoperationmodeofthehostthroughthetwo-in-onetemperaturecontrollerofairconditioningandfloorheating.Thecontrollercanbeconnectedtothesmarthomesystemandcandisplaythetemperature,humidity,PM2.5concentrationandfilterscreenstatus,presentingacomfortableenvironmentatanytime.Selectionofhouseholdwatermachineandairtray()designbasedondesignparametersanddesignon:GB/T50019specificationfordesignofheatingventilatingandairconditioning,GB50736civilbuildingheatingventilationandairconditioningdesignspecification",theGB50016"codeforfireprotectiondesignofbuildings,GB50189"publicbuildingenergyefficiencydesignstandards",GB50411"constructionqualityacceptanceofbuildingenergyconservationengineeringdesignparameters:Outdoordry/wetbulbtemperaturewascalculatedat35℃/28.3℃insummer.Theaveragedailytemperatureis31.4℃.Insummer,thecalculatedtemperatureintheair-conditionedroomis24~28℃,andtherelativehumidityintheair-conditionedroomis45~65%.,freshairvolume30m3/(h?people)(2)coolingloadcalculationcoolingloadreferstotheheatthatmustbetakenawayfromtheroombytheairconditioningsysteminordertomaintainthethermalandhumidenvironmentofthebuildingandtherequiredindoortemperature.Loadofairconditioningroommainpart:throughincomingindoorunsteadyheattransferofretainingstructuresandoutsidethroughthewindowintothesunheatradiation,thebodyheatandlighting,equipment,instruments,pipelineandotherheatsourcesofheat,heatfood,allkindsofpowderproducedintheprocessofwetquantityoflatentheat,heatpenetrationintotheair.Accordingtothetypeandnatureofeachheatgainandtheheatstoragecharacteristicsoftheairconditioningarea,theloadoftheairconditioningroomiscalculatedrespectively.Becausethecalculationmethodofairconditioningcoolingloadistedious,themethodofloadestimationisoftenusedintheschemedesign.Companiesordesigninstitutesoftenhavetheirownsetofestimates.Theair-conditioningloadestimationindexreferstothecoolingloadvalueprovidedbytheair-conditioningequipmentforeachsquaremeteroftheair-conditioningareaofthebuilding.Insummer,thetotalcoolingloadofthevillais160~250W/m2,andthespecifictotalcoolingloadisdeterminedbyreferringtotheorientation,function,numberofpersonnel,lightingandequipmentconfigurationofeachroom.Forexample:sittingroompersonnelactivityquantityisbig,lamplightillumeandhomeappliancearemoreconcentrated,equipmentheatismuchalso,facesouthandairflowquantityisbig,thecoldloadthatnewwindbringsismore,sototalcoldloadismore.Bedroompersonnellittleactivityquantityissmall,illumeandelectricalequipmentarelittle,thedoorisopenedfrequencyislittle,sototalcoolingloadissmall.(3)selectionoffancoilaccordingtothecharacteristicsofeachroomandthespecificload,selecttheappropriatefancoil.Householdultra-thinsilenttypewinddiscdesignedforhomedecoration,andanumberofpatentedtechnology,noiselowto22db,brushlessdcmotorefficiencyupto90%,savetheuseofcosts.Thisseriesofpurificationairdischasatriplefilterdesign.Theprefilterlayerinitiallyfilterslargerparticlesfromtheair.ThePM2.5filtrationlayercanphysicallyabsorbPM2.5withoutozone,andthePM2.5filtrationefficiencycanreach96%(cycleefficiencyof120min).Formaldehydeisremovedbychemicaldecompositionofformaldehydefilterlayer,withfiltrationefficiencyupto90%(60mincycleefficiency)andnosecondarypollution.Table3.1airconditioningloadconfigurationThetotalcoolingcapacityoftheairdiskisreferredtofortheselectionofhouseholdwatermachine.CanbeseenfromthetableaboveⅠandⅡsystempartitionplateofthetotalrefrigeratingcapacityofwindisrespectively16.2kW,21.6kWandselectstheunit:TSCA200DHL+TSCI200DHLDandTSCA160DHL+TSCI160DHLDeach1set,therefrigeratingcapacityofthemachinefor16kW,20kW,unitcapacityvariationwithinthescopeofthepermit.Withthedevelopmentofthenationaleconomyandtheimprovementofpeople'slivingstandards,thedemandforhouseholdcentralairconditioningisincreasing,anditsmarketdemandisboomingincomplexityanddiversification.Householdcentralairconditioningisstillinthemarketintroductionperiod,inasteadyupwardtrend,themarketpotentialishuge.Reference:[1]GB/T50019"designcodeforheatingventilationandairconditioning"[2]GB50736"designcodeforheatingventilationandairconditioningofcivilbuildings"[3]GB50411"constructionqualityacceptancecodeforbuildingenergyconservationengineering"[4]luyao-qing,etal.Practicalheatingandairconditioningdesignmanual.Beijing:Chinabuildingindustrypress,2008.[5]lixiangdong,etal.Designofmodernresidentialhvac.Beijing:Chinabuildingindustrypress,1993.[6]lijianhua,pricingofrefrigerationandairconditioninginstallationproject.Beijing:machineryindustrypress,2012.

附錄5外文譯文—論多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)的選用論戶式央空調(diào)的選用衣金鳳南京天加環(huán)境科技有限公司江蘇南京210046摘要隨著房地產(chǎn)市場的發(fā)展，多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)需求增長，戶式水機以其節(jié)能、舒適逐步占有市場份額。以南京一別墅項目為例，詳細介紹家加潤變頻多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)系列的特點。關(guān)鍵詞：多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)；戶式水機；節(jié)能；舒適；智能聯(lián)控。DOI:10.19569/119313/tu.201831138正文：2007至2017年的11年間，我國每年房屋施工面積約16.8億平方米，住宅竣工面積約7.5億平方米。其中南京2017年銷售的住宅面積約1429萬平方米。房地產(chǎn)市場升溫，帶動了多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)產(chǎn)品的銷售。別墅、大平層等高端住宅用戶群的大量增加，氟系統(tǒng)多聯(lián)機以及單元機功能的單一性不能滿足很多高端消費者的使用需求，特別是在舒適性方面。隨著消費理念的升級，消費者的消費意識向個性化發(fā)展，注重空調(diào)的舒適性、潔凈性、節(jié)能與多功能性。戶式水機除了具備空調(diào)的功能，還可以直接應用于地暖系統(tǒng)，與壁掛爐、太陽能同時供暖，在節(jié)能方面具有一定優(yōu)勢。這幾年，有不少氟系統(tǒng)廠家開始在市場上推出水系統(tǒng)多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)產(chǎn)品，雖然出貨量無法與氟系統(tǒng)多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)產(chǎn)品的銷售量對比，但可知，氟系統(tǒng)廠家對水系統(tǒng)多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)產(chǎn)品本身的認可。北方煤改電市場對戶式水機銷量推動明顯。戶式水機，冬季滿足華北市場的采暖需求，夏季可以提供制冷，節(jié)能環(huán)保功能符合政府大力推廣的煤改電政策，戶式水機在北方市場前景廣闊。下面以南京市一個雙層別墅空調(diào)設(shè)計方案為例，介紹多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)的特點。一、建筑概況：別墅位于南京市郊，主要為生活起居用，房屋建筑面積260m2，實際的空調(diào)使用面積為186m2。別墅夏季空調(diào)制冷，冬季采用空調(diào)或燃氣鍋爐地板輻射制熱。別墅需考慮外墻承重、美觀、外機空間位置，室內(nèi)機的需要與室內(nèi)裝潢風格相協(xié)調(diào)，盡量少占用室內(nèi)空間。未經(jīng)政府批準不可使用地下水資源。要求舒適、節(jié)能、健康，控制便利。二、選擇空調(diào)方式圖2.1多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)多聯(lián)機式中央空調(diào)的主要分類如下：1、變頻多聯(lián)式中央空調(diào)2、分體變頻戶式水機空調(diào)+風機盤管3、水（地）源熱泵空調(diào)+風機盤管空調(diào)水系統(tǒng)與氟系統(tǒng)綜合比較變頻多聯(lián)機屬于氟系統(tǒng)，水（地）源熱泵空調(diào)與分體變頻戶式水機空調(diào)+風機盤管系統(tǒng)屬于水系統(tǒng)。（一）節(jié)能性比較水機采用直流變頻技術(shù)，由于水的比熱容較大，使用率越大越節(jié)能，適合大面積（一般超過150m2）的房屋使用。氟機采用變頻技術(shù)，控制精度高，高效節(jié)能，用于小戶型時，它的節(jié)能省電優(yōu)勢就更為突出（二）舒適性比較水機的制冷（熱）載體是水，戶式水機出風溫差小，風吹到身上體感更為舒適。運行時很少帶走室內(nèi)空氣水分，可保持室內(nèi)空氣濕潤，讓人倍感溫潤宜人，舒適是水機最大的亮點。氟機是利用氟利昂制冷劑氣化吸熱，夏季出風溫度低，對于敏感體質(zhì)人群，夏季對溫度過低的冷風直接吹拂身體以及冬季對干燥的空調(diào)熱風均會感覺不舒適。制冷時會帶走室內(nèi)水分，導致空氣較干燥，使用時舒適感稍差。（三）制冷速度比較水的比熱容較大，升溫降溫比較慢，所以制冷制熱速度較慢。氟機制冷時即開即冷，速度很快。（四）管路與安裝水機管路有冷媒管、供回水管和冷凝水管，水管路復雜，安裝人員需要有暖通專業(yè)知識和技術(shù)以及工藝經(jīng)驗。水管長度設(shè)計靈活，不受限，水系統(tǒng)室內(nèi)機、室外機相對獨立，互不影響。主