遼陽市弓長嶺區(qū)2023年考研《英語一》押題密卷含解析

遼陽市弓長嶺區(qū)2023年考研《英語一》押題密卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)TenyearsagoIwasvisitingCostaRicawhenIfoundIwasinabadsituation.IonlyknewbasicSpanish，andtheonly1IhadwassomecoinsandareturntickettoGuatemalaintwoweeks.Withthecoins，ImanagedtoarriveatSantaRosabybus.Itwas2inthemiddleofthenight，butIcouldseesome3inthedistance，soI4towardthem.Iwent5doortodoor，explainingmysituation.“Ican6andcleanandlookafteryourkids，Icandoanything，canyougivemea7?”Everybodyrepliedsaying“Ohmygosh，butweareso8.Wehavenoextrafood.Maybeyoucantrythenext9.”Finally，IarrivedataChineserestaurant，theownerofwhichwasincredibly10.Shetoldmethathersonhada(n)11experience.Atthattime，someotherpeoplewereverykindtohim，andsherememberedhow12thatmadeherfeel.ShecalledtheRedCrossto13me.Withtheirhelp,Ispentmy14daysinCostaRica.I've15allovertheworld.Butthiswasoneofthebesttrips，thebesttwo16Ieverhadinmytravelinglife.Atfirst，Ifelt17andstupidfornottravelingwithaclearplan.ButthenIrealizedthatwhenyou’reinapositiontobeableto18，itactuallymakespeoplefeelhappier.Beingabletoreceivekindnessisa19forotherpeopleaswell.Andkindness20morekindnessinsmallripples(漣漪).1、A．possession B．file C．choice D．fortune2、A．busy B．dark C．hot D．cold3、A．stores B．bus-stops C．bookshops D．houses4、A．wandered B．fled C．walked D．jumped5、A．knocking B．hitting C．a(chǎn)nswering D．kicking6、A．cook B．fish C．swim D．fight7、A．coffee B．bed C．tip D．job8、A．unlucky B．poor C．mean D．hard9、A．company B．factory C．restaurant D．family10、A．honest B．polite C．kind D．easygoing11、A．similar B．different C．relaxing D．pleasant12、A．tough B．grateful C．a(chǎn)wkward D．warm13、A．seize B．check C．find D．rescue14、A．passing B．remaining C．rewarding D．exciting15、A．surveyed B．driven C．studied D．traveled16、A．days B．weeks C．months D．years17、A．fortunate B．optimistic C．guilty D．curious18、A．offer B．help C．receive D．repay19、A．gift B．talent C．chance D．character20、A．proves B．reflects C．forces D．inspiresSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyousometimestakeanalmostimmediatelikingtoapersonyouhavejustmet?Weoftengetthefirstimpressionofapersonbasedonthecolorofaperson’sskinorthemannerinwhichheorshedressed.Meaningisconveyednotonlybywordsorverballanguagesbutalsobynonverbalcommunicationsystems,suchasbodybehaviors.Nonverbalcommunicationisimportantbecauseweusetheactionsofotherstolearnabouttheiraffectiveemotionalstates.Ouremotionsarereflectedinourposture,face,andeyes—beitfear,joy,anger,orsadness—sowecanexpressthemwithouteversayingaword.Forthisreason,mostofusrelyheavilyonwhatwelearnthroughoureyes.Nonverbalcommunicationissignificantinhumaninteractionbecauseitisusuallyresponsibleforthefirstimpressions.Moreimportantly,thosefirstmessagesusuallyinfluencetheperception(感知)ofeverythingelsethatfollows.Evenhowweselectfriendsandsexualpartnersisgroundedinfirstimpressionswithnonverbalcommunication.Nonverbalcommunicationisimportantbecauseitisculture-related.Itisbasedondifferentbeliefs,religions,valuesandcustomsindifferentcultures.When,where,how,andtowhompeopledisplayhisorherspecificnonverbalbehaviorsisgreatlyaffectedbycultureandcontext.Culturedetermineswhattheappropriatenonverbalbehavioris.Forexample,feelingsoffriendshipexisteverywherebuttheirexpressionvaries.Itmaybeappropriateinsomecountriesformentoembraceeachotherandforwomentoholdhands;inothercountriesthesedisplaysofaffectionmaybeshocking.Eachculturehasitsownspecificinterpretationonnonverbalcommunication.Whatisacceptableinoneculturemaybecompletelyunacceptableinanother.Oneculturemaydeterminethatsnappingfingerstocallawaiterisacceptable;anothermayconsiderthisgesturerude.1、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．NonverbalcommunicationandfirstimpressionB．Nonverbalcommunicationisculture-relatedC．NonverbalandverbalcommunicationD．Theimportanceofnonverbalcommunication2、Wecanknowaperson’sfeelingthroughoureyesbecause________.A．wecanseeaperson’sfeelingonhisface.B．a(chǎn)person’semotionscanbereflectedthrougheyes.C．a(chǎn)person’sfeelingcanbereflectedthroughhisbodylanguagesD．wecanseeaperson’sfeelingthroughhisposture3、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisnotTrue?A．Meaningcanbeconveyedbothbywordsandbodylanguage.B．Wecanusenonverbalcommunicationtolearnaboutaperson’semotionalstates.C．Weoftengetthefirstimpressionbywhatapersonsays.D．Thefirstimpressioncanaffectwhatwewilldointhefollowing.4、Howmanyreasonsarementionedinthetexttoshownonverbalcommunicationisimportant?A．2 B．3C．4 D．55、Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A．wecanusedifferentwaystoexpressfriendshipB．eachculturehasitsownspecificinterpretationonnonverbalcommunicationC．snappingfingerstocallawaiterisacceptableD．learningacountry’scultureisveryimportant.Text2Iwasatmyparent’sdinnertable.Beforemewasawornjournalofthinanddiscoloredpages.Itwasmygrandfather’sjournalandnowbelongedtomyfather.Mygrandfatherhadpassedawayinthemonthsleadinguptomybirth.Inevergottovisittheplaceshehadfrequentedandthepeoplewhohadbeenapartofhislife’sjourney.Iwasnowabouttoenterhisworld,throughthewordshehadleftbehind.Withinminutes,Iwascaptivatedbythepowerofthewrittenwords.Inthemagicalscript(筆跡)beforeme,Iwastransportedtoanotheragewhenfoodwasaneverydayart,planned,preparedandenjoyedinthecompanyofothers，andatimewhenpeoplehadthehearttopausetheirownlivestoembrace(擁抱)eachother’sstruggles.Allthiswasconveyedtomeinthebeautyofthewordsthatflowedtogethertoconnectwiththewriter’smindandunderstandtheworldtheylivedin.Thatkindofwritingseemstobelostonustoday.Wehavegottenusedlowritinginbite-sizedpiecesforapubliclookingforentertainment,andhungryforinformation.Nowonder,therearenearly200millionbloggersontheInternetandanewblogiscreatedsomewhereintheworldeveryhalfasecond.Insteadofaddingtoourcollectivewisdom,mostofthesewritingsreflectthesuperficiality(膚淺)andimpatienceofourdayandage.Thisnotonlyrobsusoftheskillofwritingimpressiveessays,italsopreventsusfromexploringwhatisindeedimportant.Writinghumbles(使謙卑)usinawaythatisvitalforourcharactergrowth,byremindingusaboutthelimitsoftheselfandourappropriateplaceinthevastflowoflife.Writingfreesusbyhelpingusexploretheunknownsothatwereallyopenuptomagicoftheworldaroundus.Isawallofthisinthewritingofmygrandfather.AndI’veseenitagainandagaininthewritingsofthegreatestthinkersofhumanity.Theirwritingreflectdeepthoughtonissuesofhumanimportance.1、Theunderlinedword“captivated”inthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby“________”.A．puzzledB．frightenedC．a(chǎn)ttractedD．defeated2、Intheauthor’sgrandfather’sage,people________.A．livedahardlifeB．caredabouteachotherC．werefondofwritingD．treatedfoodasanart3、Theauthorbeginsthetextwithhergrandfather’sjournalinorderto________.A．showherrespecttohergrandfatherB．presenttheimportanceofgoodwritingC．expressherinterestinreadingaswellaswritingD．raisetheproblemswithtoday’swriting4、Inthelastparagraph,theauthoristryingto_________.A．discusswhatgoodwritingislikeB．expressherstrongdesiretolearnwritingskillsC．stresstheeffectsofhergrandfather’sjournalonherD．showheradmirationforhergrandfather’swritingText3ThenewpresidentofHarvardUniversityisthesonofanEasternEuropeanrefugeeandAuschwitz(奧斯威辛)survivor—LawrenceS.Bacow.HisfatherworkedfulltimewhileattendingastatecollegeinDetroitatnighttoearnhisdegree.Bacow,theformerpresidentofTuftsUniversity,hastakenoverHarvardatatimewhenhighereducationisunderattackforbeingfinanciallyoutofreachtomanyAmericans.ButBacowsaidhisfamily’sjourneyhadreflectedthepowerofcollegeeducationtotransformgenerationsandtheopportunitiesthathavehistoricallybeenavailableintheUnitedStates.“Myparentscametothiscountrywithalmostnothing,”Bacowsaid.“Iwouldn’tbehereifthiscountryhadnotbeenopentopeoplelikemyparentsatthattime.NorwouldIifmyfatherhadn’thadtheopportunitytogetthecollegeeducation.”BacowgrewupinPontiac,Michigan.Hisfather’sfamilyfledanti-Jewish(反猶太的)violenceinMinsk,thenpartoftheSovietUnion,beforethestartofWorldWarIIandwenttotheUnitedStates.HismotherarrivedinBrooklynatage19,havingsurvivedAuschwitzconcentrationcamp.ShewastheonlyJewfromhertowntohavesurvivedthewar.YetBacow,whoismarriedwithtwosons,saidthatwhilegrowingupinMichigan,hehadahappychildhood,enteringsciencefairsasachildandbuildingradioslikehisdad.BacowhasspentmostofhisprofessionalcareeratMIT,HarvardandTufts.HewasaprofessorofenvironmentalstudiesatMIT,andlateraprincipalattheuniversity.HeledTuftsfrom2001to2011.AtTufts,BacowearnedareputationforshakingupasleepyuniversitythatwasbeingovershadowedbyitspeersinBoston.Heisalsocreditedwithleadingitthroughboth9/11andthe2008financialcrisis.AstheTuftspresident,Bacowtraveledaroundthecountry,reachingouttoalumni(校友),andheurgedhisfacultyanddeanstodothesame,inanefforttoboostdonationstofinanceTufts’academicambitions.Heraisedmorethan$20millionforfacultyrecruitment,attractingup-and-comingprofessorsbyofferingjuniorfacultyperks(福利),suchaslongacademicleavesthattheycouldn’tgetelsewhere.UnderBacow’sleadership,Tuftsspentmillionsonlabsandlibraries.Healsomadeaddressesnationallyabouttheneedtomakehighereducationmoreaccessibleandaffordabletolow-incomestudents.1、ThereasonwhyBacowappreciatescollegeeducationisthat.A．collegeeducationisoutofreachtomanyAmericansB．hisfamilychangedtheirfateduetocollegeeducationC．fewopportunitieswereavailablewhenhisfathercameintothecountryD．a(chǎn)collegedegreehelpedhismothersurviveAuschwitz2、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．ThefellowtownspeopleofBacowwereallkilledbesideshismother.B．Bacow’smotherstimulatedhisinterestinscience.C．Bacow’sfatherwasgoodatworkingwithelectronics.D．Bacow’sfathercametotheU.S.afterWorldWarIIbrokeout.3、Theunderlinedword“shakingup”inparagraph5probablymeans.A．reactivating B．causing C．damaging D．takingover4、Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A．HowtobeadmittedtoHarvardUniversity. B．ThehistoryofBacow’sfamily.C．TheartofBacow’sleadershipinTufts. D．Bacow’swaytoindividualsuccess.Text4ExhibitionsintheBritishMuseumHokusai:beyondtheGreatWaveKatsushikaHokusai(1760-1849)iswidelyregardedasoneofJapan'smostfamousandinfluentialartists.Heproducedworksofastonishingqualityrightupuntilhisdeathattheageof90.Thisnewexhibitionwillleadyouonanartisticjourneythroughthelast30yearsofHokusai'slife—atimewhenheproducedsomeofhismostmemorablemasterpieces.25May—13August2017Room35Adults￡12,Members/under16sfreePlacesofthemind:Britishwatercolourlandscapes1850-1950DrawnfromtheBritishMuseum'srichcollection,thisisthefirstexhibitiondevotedtolandscapedrawingsandwatercoloursbyBritishartistsintheVictorianandmoderneras—twohalvesofverydifferentcenturies.23February—27August2017Room90Free,justdropinScythians:warriorsofancientSiberiaThismajorexhibitionexploresthestoryoftheScythians—nomadictribesandmastersofmountedwarfare,whoflourishedbetween900and200BC．TheirencounterswiththeGreeks,AssyriansandPersianswerewrittenintohistorybutforcenturiesalltraceoftheirculturewaslost—buriedbeneaththeice.14September2017—14January2018Room30Adults￡16.50,Members/under16sfreePoliticsandparadise:IndianpopularprintsfromtheMoscatelliGiftThisdisplayispartoftheMuseum'scontributiontotheIndia-UKYearofCulture2017.ItlooksatthepopularprintcultureofIndiafromthe1880suntilthe1950s.19July—3September2017Room90aFree,justdropin1、Ifyouareinterestedindrawingsofnaturalscenery,youwillprobablygoto______.A．Room35B．Room90C．Room30D．Room90a2、WhichexhibitioncanyouattendinOctober2017?A．Hokusai:beyondtheGreatWave.B．Scythians:warriorsofancientSiberia.C．Placesofthemind:Britishwatercolourlandscapes1850-1950.D．Politicsandparadise:IndianpopularprintsfromtheMoscatelliGift.3、Wherecanwemostprobablyfindthepassage?A．Inahealthreport.B．Inastorybook.C．Inaparentingmagazine.D．Inatourguide.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ateachergavehis1．(pupil)somesunflowerseedstoletthemlearntolookafteraplantOneboyintheclass,2．lovedsunflowerseeds,wasveryexcitedHeplantedtheseedandlookedafterit3．greatcareformanydaysWhenthefirstshoot(嫩芽)finallyappeared,theboy,4．(fill)withimpatience,wenttoseehisteacherTheteachersaidthathewouldstillhavetotakecareoftheplantforquitesometime5．hewasabletocollectmanyseedsfromjustonesunflowerTheboywas6．(disappoint),buthekept7．(look)afterhissunflowerHowever,hegrewincreasinglyimpatient,anddidlittleelsebutpester(糾纏)histeacherforwantingtotakeouttheplantAssoonastheboysawthesunflower’sfirstseeds,hecuttheplantButtheplantwasstillgreen,andofcoursetheseedscouldn’t8．(eat)TheboywasannoyedHehadputsomucheffortinto9．sunflower,butintheendhewasteditallforhisimpatienceAndhewaseven10．(angry)whenhesawhowbighisclassmates’sunflowersgrewFinally,hedecidednottobesoimpatientanymoreWehighschoolstudentsdohavesomegrowingpains,butwecangetridofthem1．(correct)andwisely2．,someofusareupset3．ourbodystylesandlooksIt’sunnecessaryandit’snotimportantatallWeneedn’tcareaboutitItisone’sinnerbeauty4．mattersSecond,wesometimesseemtobemisunderstoodbyourteachers,parentsandclassmates5．(face)withthis,wecanfindapropertimetohaveaheart-to-hearttalkwiththem,trying6．(remove)themisunderstandingSomeofushavefewerfriendsIthinkbeingopen-mindedandfriendlywilldoyougoodThird,wemayfallbehindothers,7．makesusstressedActuallywecanencourage8．toworkefficiently,fullof9．(determine)Atlast,someofusdon’thavemuchpocketmoney,sotheyfeelunhappyIsn’titstrange?Solongaswehavesome,that’senoughAndwecanlearn10．tospendmoneySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Theworldwhereweliveisacolorfullandscapeofdifferentlanguages,skincolors,anddifferentcultures.1、.Awaytodevelopthisappreciationistotrytolearnaboutotherculturesaroundtheworld.Thereareseveralwaystobecomeknowledgeableaboutdifferentcultures.2、.Readingworksbyauthorswhohaveacloserelationshipwithaparticularcultureallowspeopletogainanaccurateglimpseintothefood,music,language,religion,andwayofalifeofaparticulargroupofpeople.Forexample,3、,shewilloftenreadthemstoriesbasedonaculture’sfolktale.Anotherwaytolearnaboutdifferentculturesistotrytolearnaforeignlanguage.Avarietyoflanguage-learningbooks,software,andaudioprogramsareavailableatthepubliclibraryorbookstores.4、.Makingcontactwithpeoplewhoarenativespeakersofthelanguageallowshertogainfirsthandknowledgeofaparticularcultureasshestrugglestolearnthelanguage.5、.WhetherapersonwantstolearnmoreaboutregionsinJapan,theMiddleEast,Africa,oranyotherworldculture,becomingfamiliarwithitsfoodisagiantstepintherightdirection.Foodisanimportantpartofdifferentculturesandallowspeopletogaininsightintoaparticularculturalgroup’swayoflife.A．whenastudentwantstolearnmoreaboutadifferentcultureB．whenateacherwishestoexposeherstudentstoadifferentcultureC．OnewayistoreadbookswrittenbyauthorsfromaparticularcultureD．LearnaboutdifferentculturesbytastingfoodfromaspecificculturalgroupE.GaininganunderstandingofotherculturesbenefitsbothyouandotherpeopleF.ApersoncanchoosealanguagetolearnandlocatelearningprogramstohelphermasterthelanguageG.It’simportanttodevelopanappreciationfordifferentculturestobecomeawell-roundedper