安慶市第中學高考英語閱讀理解輪鞏固訓練（4）答案

學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精安徽省安慶市第一中學2015高考英語閱讀理解一輪鞏固訓練（4）答案閱讀下列四篇短文,從每小題后所給的A，B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項.Theneedtofeedagrowingpopulationisputtingmuchpressureontheworld’ssupplyofwater。With97%oftheworld’swatertoosaltytobedrunkorusedinagriculture,theworldwidesupplyofwaterneedscarefulmanagement，especiallyinagriculture。Althoughtheideaofawatershortage(短缺)seemsstrangetosomeonefortunateenoughtoliveinahighrainfallcountry，manyoftheworld'sagriculturalindustriesexperienceconstantwatershortages.Althoughdamscanbebuilttostorewaterforagriculturaluseindryareasanddryseasons，thecostsofwaterredistribution（重新分配)areveryhigh.Notonlyistherethecostoftheengineeringitself，butthereisalsoanenvironmentalcosttobeconsidered.Wherevalleys(山谷)arefloodedtocreatedams，housesarelostandwildlifehomesdestroyed.Besides,watermayfloweasilythroughpipestofields,butitcannotbetransportedfromonesideoftheworldtotheother.Eachcountrymustthereforerelyonthemanagementofitsownwatertosupplyitsfarmingrequirements。Thisisparticularlytroublingforcountrieswithagriculturalindustriesinareasdependentonirrigation（灌溉).InTexas，farmers’overuseofirrgationwaterhasresultedina25％reductionofthewaterstores。IntheCentralValleyareaofsouthwesternUSA,ahugewaterengineeringprojectprovidedwaterforfarmingindryvalleys,butmuchofthewaterusehasbeenpoorlymanaged.SaudiArabia’sattemptstogrowwheatindesertareashaveseenthepumpingofhugequantitiesofirrigationwaterfromundergroundreserves。Becausethereisnorainfallintheseareas,suchreservescanonlydecrease，anditisbelievedthatfiftyyearsofpumpingwillseethemrundry.1。Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswelearnthat。A。muchoftheworld’swaterisavailableforuseB.peopleinhighrainfallcountriesfeelluckyC。thecostsofwaterredistributionshouldbeconsideredD.watercanbeeasilycarriedthroughpipesacrosstheworld2。Whichofthefollowingistrue？A.ThewaterstoresinTexashavebeenreducedby75％.B.Mostindustriesintheworldsufferfromwatershortages.C。TheundergroundwaterinSaudiArabiamightrunoutin50years.D。GoodmanagementofwateruseresultedfromtheprojectintheCentralValley.3。Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Stepstoimprovingwaterusemanagement.B。Waystoreducethecostsofbuildingdams.C。Measurestodealwithworldwidewatershortages。D.Approachestohandlingthepressureonwatersupply。4.Thetextismainlyabout。A.watersupplyandincreasingpopulationB。waterusemanagementandagricultureC.waterredistributionandwildlifeprotectionD.watershortagesandenvironmentalprotection【參考答案】1—4CCAB閱讀理解———-Passagetwo（ViciousandDangerousSportsShouldbeBannedbyLaw)

Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’samazinghowlittlewehavedevelopedinotherrespects。WemayspeakcontemptuouslyofthepooroldRomansbecausetheyrelishedtheorgiesofslaughterthatwentonintheirarenas。Wemaydespisethembecausetheymistookthesegoingsonforentertainment.Wemayforgivethemcondescendinglybecausetheylived2000yearsagoandobviouslyknewnobetter.Butareourfeelingsofsuperiorityreallyjustified？Areweanylessblood—thirsty？Whydoboxingmatches,forinstance,attractsuchuniversalinterest？Don’tthespectatorswhoattendthemhopetheywillseesomeviolence?Humanbeingsremainsasbloodthirstyasevertheywere。TheonlydifferencebetweenourselvesandtheRomansisthatwhiletheywerehonestenoughtoadmitthattheyenjoyedwatchinghungeylionstearingpeopleapartandeatingthemalive，wefindallsortsofsophisticatedargumentstodefendsportswhichshouldhavebeenbannedlongage;sportswhicharequiteasbarbarousas,say，publichangingsorbearbaiting.

Itreallyisincrediblethatinthisdayandageweshouldstillallowhuntingorbull—fighting，thatweshouldbepreparedtositbackandwatchtwomenbattereachothertopulpinaboxingring，thatweshouldberelativelyunmovedbythesightofoneoranumberofracingcarscrashingandburstingintoflames.Letusnotdeceiveourselves。Anytalkof‘thesportingspirit’issheerhypocrisy.Peopletakepartinviolentsportsbecauseofthehighrewardstheybring。Spectatorsarewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence。Aworldheavyweightchampionshipmatch,forinstance,isfrontpagenews.Millionsofpeoplearedisappointedifabigfightisoverintworoundsinsteadoffifteen.Theyfeeldisappointmentbecausetheyhavebeendeprivedoftheexquisitepleasureofwitnessingprolongedtortureandviolence.

Whyshouldwebanviolentsportsifpeopleenjoythemsomuch?Youmaywellask.Theanswerissimple：theyareuncivilized.Forcenturiesmanhasbeentryingtoimprovehimselfspirituallyandemotionally–admittedlywithlittlesuccess.Butatleastwenolongertoleratethesightmadmencoopedupincages,orpublicfloggingsofanyofthecountlessotherbarbaricpracticeswhichwerecommoninthepast。Prisonsarenolongerthegrimforbiddingplacestheyusedtobe。Socialwelfaresystemsareinoperationinmanypartsoftheworld.Bigeffortsarebeingmadetodistributewealthfairly.Thesechangeshavecomeaboutnotbecausehumanbeingshavesuddenlyandunaccountablyimproved,butbecausepositivestepsweretakentochangethelaw。Thelawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveanditmayexertgreatcivilizinginfluence.Ifwebanneddangerousandviolentsports，wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor'sopinionofnowadays’humanbeingsis

A.

notveryhigh.

B.

high.

C.

contemptuous。

D.

critical.

2。Themainideaofthispassageis

A.

viciousanddangeroussportsshouldbebannedbylaw.

B。

peoplearewillingtopayvastsumsmoneytoseeviolence。

C.

tocomparetwodifferentattitudestowardsdangeroussports.

D。

peoplearebloodthirstyinsports。

3.ThattheauthormentionstheoldRomansis

A.

TocomparetheoldRomanswithtoday'speople。

B.

togiveanexample.

C.

toshowhumanbeingsinthepastknownothingbetter。

D.

toindicatehumanbeingsareusedtobloodthirsty.

4。Howmanydangeroussportsdoestheauthormentioninthispassage?

A.

Three.

B。

Five.

C。

Six。

D。

Seven。

5。Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageis

A。

that，bybanningtheviolentsports,wehumanbeingscanimproveourselves。

B.

that,bybanningthedangeroussports，wecanimprovethelaw.

C。

thatwemusttakepositivestepstoimprovesocialwelfaresystem。

D.

toshowlawisthemaininstrumentofsocialchange。

Vocabulary

relish

從……獲得樂處，享受

orgy

狂歡,放縱

arena

競技場，活動或斗爭的場所

blood-thirsty

殘忍的,嗜血的

bear—baiting

逗熊游戲

bull-fight

斗牛

batter

猛擊，連續(xù)地猛打/捶，亂打

pulp

成紙漿，成軟塊

burstintoflames

突然燃燒起來/著火

grim

令人窒息的,簡陋的

coopup

把……關起來

難句譯注

bear—baiting

逗熊游戲。這是一種十六、十七世紀流行于英國的游戲――驅狗去咬綁著的熊，很殘忍，后被禁止。

…twomenbattereachothertopulpintheboxingring.

【結構簡析】batteronetopulp=beatonetoapulp狠揍某人，打癱某人

【參考譯文】兩個人在拳擊場內彼此狠揍，知道一個人被打倒在地，爬不起來。

…unmovedbythesightofoneoranumberofracingcarscrashingandburstingintoflames。

【參考譯文】眼見一輛或多輛賽車相互撞擊,突然燒起來而無動于衷.

Aworldheavyweightchampionshipmatchisfrontpagenews。

【參考譯文】世界重量級冠軍賽總是頭版頭條新聞。

寫作方法與文章大意

作者采取先對比、后分析的寫作手法.先是今人和古羅馬人對暴虐體育上對此兩者都欣賞。后者坦率成人“欣賞暴力體育”，前者施以各種接口、實際都是嗜血成性者.第二段進一步剖析今人欣賞暴虐體育的種種實例,最后指出改善“暴虐”的根本嗜為改善法律采取積極的步驟，法律才能施以巨大的文明影響,否則人類很難改變。

答案詳解

1.A.

不太高。文章一開始就點出科技巨大進步，而其他方面進展很少.人們以輕蔑的口氣談及可憐的古羅馬人，因為他們欣賞競技場上的屠殺。我們輕視他們，因為他們把這些屠殺視為娛樂。我們可以降階/屈尊地諒解他們,因為他們生活在2000年前，顯然，對好的東西不知道。在這里作者反問,我們的優(yōu)越感是否正確呢？我們的嗜血性是不是少一些?為什么拳擊比賽吸引那么許多人？在場的觀賞者（觀眾）是不是也希望看到一些暴力呢？結論是:人類和過去一樣殘忍。唯一的不同點在于古羅馬人很誠實，他們承認他們欣賞觀看饑餓的獅子把人撕碎，活生生吃掉，而我們會找出各種精辟的理由來保衛(wèi)早該制止的運動.第二段舉出具體例子,如斗牛、拳擊中把人打癱在地、車賽中，車子碰撞起火,人們就坐在那里觀看欣賞，參賽者是為了高報酬，觀眾付出大筆錢財是為了看到暴力.作者指出任何體育精神的說法純粹是虛偽。如果一場打比賽（世界重量級冠軍賽),兩輪而不是十五輪就告結束，成千上百萬人們會感到失望――這些都證明人的卑下，不文明。這兩段似乎也證明作者的觀點應該是C項――蔑視的。但在第三段談及，好幾個世紀以來，人們一直試圖在精神上和情感上改善自己，又得承認不怎么成功。可至少我們不再容忍瘋人禁錮于籠中，當眾鞭撻，以及其他許多過去普遍存在的野蠻行徑.監(jiān)獄也不再是過去那種令人窒息的禁錮之地，社會福利制度在全世界許多地方推行。在財富公平分配上也作了很大的努力。這些變化的出現不是因為人突然改善，而是在改變法律上采取了積極的步驟。如果我們禁止危險的暴力體育項目，那么我們在改善人類方面又前進了一步.我們會認識暴力是人類的墮落和卑下（人類不應有的）.從這段來看，作者對人類還抱有希望，不是很蔑視。所以選A項。

2。A。

法律應禁止墮落而又危險的體育項目。見第一題注釋。作者從古羅馬人欣賞殘忍的體育項目說起，點出現代人也是嗜血成性，喜歡暴力體育項目。這是不文明，是墮落.必須制止，而法律是我們社會改革最強大的工具，它可應用,發(fā)揮強大的文明影響（第三段倒數第三句）

B.人們愿意支付巨大款項來觀看暴力。這是作者說明“嗜血成性"的具體內容之一.C。對比對危險體育項目不同的態(tài)度。這里沒有對比。D.人類嗜血成性.這是作者認為人們?yōu)槭裁葱蕾p危險殘忍體育項目的根源。

3.D.

人們在體育上習慣于“嗜血成性",過去是,現在仍然是，不同點只是前者坦直承認，后者婉轉掩飾。見第一題注釋。

A.把古羅馬人和現代人對比。這項沒有說明對比什么。B。給出一個例子。太抽象.C.說明過去人類不太知道更美好的東西，這兩項都沒有到位。

4.B。

5個。作者提到⑴逗熊游戲;⑵斗牛；⑶車賽;⑷拳擊；⑸人獅斗。至于當眾鞭撻和絞刑不能稱作體育活動。

5。A。

通過制止野蠻體育項目,我們能改善人類自身。這在第三段講的最透徹,見第一題和第二題注釋.

B。通過制止野蠻體育活動，我們能改善法律，不完全對。作者明確指出要用法律來禁止野蠻體育項目。C。我們必須采取積極步驟來改善社會福利體制.D。去表明法律是社會變革的主要工具。閱讀理解Inthefallof1985.Iwasabright-eyedgirlheadingofftoHowardMygrandma，anamazingwoman,graduatedfromcollegeantheageof65.Shewasthefirstinourfamilytoreachthatgoal。ButoneyearafterIstartedcollege，shedevelopedcancer。Imadethechoicetowithdrawfromcollegetocareforher.Itmeantthatschoolandmypersonaldreamwouldhavetowait。ThenIgotmarriedwithanotherdream:buildingmyfamilywithacombinationofadoptandbiologicalchildren.In1999,weadoptedourfirstson。Tolayeyesonhimwasfantastic——-andveryemotional.Ayearlatercameoursecondadoptedboy.ThenfollowedsonNo。3.In2003，Igavebirthtoanotherboy。YoucanimaginehowfullyoccupiedIbecame,raisingfourboysundertheageof81.Ourhomewasacompletezoo--—ajoyouszoo.Notsurprising，Ineverdidmakeitbacktocollegefull—time.ButInevergaveuponthedreameither。Ihadonlyonechoice:tofindaway。Thatmeanttalkingasfewasoneclasseachsemester.ThehardestpartwasfeelingguiltyaboutthetimeIspentawayfromtheboys。Theyoftenwantedmetostayhomewiththem。TherecertainlyweretimesIwantedtoquit，ButIknewIshouldsetanexampleforthemtofollowthroughtherestoftheirlives。In2007,IgraduatedfromtheUniversityofNorthCarolinaIamnotspecial,justsingle—minded.Italwaysstruckmethatwhenyou’relookingatabigchallengefromtheoutsideitlookshuge，butwhenyou’reinthemidstofit,itjustseemsnormal.Everythingyouwantwon'tarriveinyourlifeononeday.It'saprocess。Remember；littlestepsadduptobigdreams.（）1.WhentheauthorwenttoHowardA。awriterB.ateacherC.ajudgeD。adoctor（）2.Whydidtheauthorquitschoolinhersecondyearofcollege？A.Shewantedtostudybyherself。B。Shefellinloveandgotmarried.C。Shesufferedfromaseriousillness。D。Shedecidedtolookafterhergrandma。()3。WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromParagraphs4and5?Shewasbus