2023學年完整公開課版定語從句1(灝)

Relativeclause定語從句

RelativeClause:

定語從句指在從句中起定語作用，并修飾主句中的某一名詞或代詞的句子。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。

定語從句一般都緊跟在它所修飾名詞后面，所以如果在名詞或代詞后面出現(xiàn)一個從句，根據(jù)它與前面名詞或代詞的邏輯關(guān)系來判斷是否是定語從句。Theboyishandsome.TheboyisTom.TheboywhoishandsomeisTom.Attributiveclause定語從句先行詞handsometallstrongclevernaughtyTheboyisTheboyisTom.Theboy

whoishandsomeisTom.Theboy

whoistallisTom.Theboy

whoisstrongisTomTheboy

whoiscleverisTomTheboy

whoisnaughtyisTom.

TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.

TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.

(主語)Theboy

whohasaroundfaceisTom.

TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.

Thewomangotthejob.

ThewomancanspeakRussian.Thewoman

whocanspeakRussian

gotthejob.

Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Theteacherisfamous.Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.

Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(whom)everyonelikesiskind.

(賓語)

Thewomangotthejob.

Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreet

gotthejob.

Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.

Theboyisinthelab.

Youwanttotalktohim.Theboy(whom)youwanttotalkto

isinthelab.Theboytowhomyouwanttotalk

isinthelab.

Thisistheboy.Isitbehindhim.Thisistheboy(whom)Isitbehind.ThisistheboybehindwhomIsit.

Heistheteacher.Theteachercanspeak

French.HeistheteacherwhocanspeakFrench.

Doyouknowtheman?

Hecametovisityoutoday.Doyouknowthemanwhocametovisityoutoday?

Theladysteppedonhisfoot.

Hewasdancingwiththelady.Thelady(whom)hewasdancingwithsteppedonhisfoot.

Doyouknowtheman?

Youwillvisithimtoday.Doyouknowthemanwhomyouwillvisittoday?關(guān)系代詞:

1.who指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作賓語(作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.3.which指物，作主語或賓語

(作賓語可省略,

如介詞提前則不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）

heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?

Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.

Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhich

iseatingherflowers.

Canyoulendmethebook?

Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook(which)youtalkedaboutlastnight.Canyoulendmethebookaboutwhich

youtalkedlastnight?Doyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?Doyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?

that指人/物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.

注意：介詞提前時只能用which而不能用that。Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthatIsthisthelibrary?Youborrowbooksfromthelibrary.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibrary(that)youborrowbooksfrom?

that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,

一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething

(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時。(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時。(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast修飾時。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(5)先行詞既有人又有物時。Theytalkedofthingsandpersons

thattheyremembered.

that可指人,

但是當句中已有who時，用that而不用who。WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJohn?(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.(2)Thedressisnew.

Sheiswearingit.(3)Heisthekindperson.

Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.

(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.Thescientist?wemetyesterdayisveryfamous

whointheworld.whomthat(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.

which?

(3)Heisthekindperson.

Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.

(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfil