Unit4DiscoverStructures定語從句關(guān)系代詞課件高中英語人教版

Restrictiverelativeclauses(I)限制性定語從句Unit4DiscoveringUsefulStructuresTomasterthebasicusagesoftherestrictiverelativeclauses限制性關(guān)系從句/定語從句.Tolearntousetherestrictiverelativeclausesmentionedflexibly.LearningObjectives121.myredtractor2.twobeautifulpictures3.afewmixtures4.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.5.Ineedaroomtolivein.6.thewhiteandblackdogsleepingunderthetree7.Theoldladykilledintheaccidentyesterdayhasbeenburied.找出下面短語或句子的定語定語形容詞名詞介詞短語非謂語動(dòng)詞從句(定語從句）Sheisabeautiful

girl.Amyisawoman

teacher.Thegirlinred

ismysister.Ihavesomethingtosay.Theboymakingfaceismyson.Japanisadevelopedcountry.Ilikepeoplewhosmilealot.定語：對名詞或代詞的修飾、限定，相當(dāng)于形容詞，常譯為“的”什么可以做定語什么是定語？Findandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclausesinthesentencebelow.TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreatgrandmacannotforget.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupt.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.MrLiisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEducator.課本P52Ex1

找到修飾名詞的一個(gè)句子Restrictiverelativeclauses限制性定語從句/r?~?str?k~t?v//?kl??~z?z/?1.在主從復(fù)合句中,對某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用的從句叫作定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫作先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫作關(guān)系詞。2.定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句3.關(guān)系詞分為兩類：關(guān)系代詞(that、which、who、whom、whose)；關(guān)系副詞(when、where、why)。什么是定語從句？定語從句定義結(jié)構(gòu)定語從句關(guān)系詞修飾名詞或代詞的句子先行詞關(guān)系詞被修飾的名詞或代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞whowhomthatwhichwhoseaswhenwherewhyeg.Thisisthecar

which

heboughtlastyear.Example:Iknowtheboy.Theboyissittingonthedesk.Iknowtheboy

whoissittingonthedesk.Theboy

who/whom

Iknow

issittingonthedesk.將下列句子改成一句話先行詞關(guān)系代詞將下列句子改成一句話Doyouknowtheman?Hespokejustnow.１.Doyouknowtheman

whospokejustnow?Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.２.Ishowedhimtheletter.Ireceiveditthismorning.３.Ihavereadthenewspaper(which)carriestheimportantnews.Ishowedhimtheletter(which)Ireceivedthismorning.Tips:1.分清主句與從句2.找準(zhǔn)先行詞（被修飾的對象）3.正確使用關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞

關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語，常用的關(guān)系代詞有：that,which,who,whom,whose

Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheirsportsandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.(TBP38)Theplayerwhobecameknownas“AirJodan”changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.(TBP38)Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupt.(TBP52)1.who指人，在上述定語從句中都充當(dāng)主語；

一般只用who

關(guān)系代詞who/whom的基本用法Theyoungman(who/whom/that)youspoketo

ismybrother.Theyoungmanto

whomyouspokeismybrother.Thewomanfrom

whomwegothelpisourEnglishteacher.Thewoman(who/whom/that)wegothelpfromisourEnglishteacher.

(1)先行詞是人，并在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，關(guān)系代詞優(yōu)先使用whom；在口語或非正式文體中?？捎脀ho/that來代替；其次還可省略（2）若關(guān)系代詞緊跟介詞，指人則只能用whom

關(guān)系代詞who/whom/that的基本用法Iknowthegirl

whosemotherisateacher.MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.Thewomanfrom

whomwegothelpisourEnglishteacher.Thewoman(who/whom/that)wegothelpfromisourEnglishteacher.3.whose表示“所屬”，意為“……的”，在從句中作定語,修飾人或物，可與

ofwhich(whom)the...互換。

關(guān)系代詞whose的基本用法

MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.ofwhomtheofwhomthe

Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.ofwhichthe關(guān)系代詞whose的基本用法3.whose表示“所屬”，在從句中作定語,修飾人或物，意為“……的”，可與

ofwhich(whom)the...互換。

?

用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空①AsaChinese

who

?isinterestedintravelling,Iwouldliketointroducemyfavouritecity—Beijing.②Those

who

?wanttoseethefilmsetdown寫下yournames,

please.③Thechildren

who/that

?

wereinjuredinacaraccidentarebeingtreatedinthehospitalnow.④Thedoctor

whom

?

myfatherworkedwithlastyearhasgoneabroad.who

who

who/that

whom

3.which指物，在從句中作主語、賓語或介詞賓語。

Theyplantedthetreeswhich

didn’tneedmuchwater.

Thefish（which）

weboughtwerenotfresh.

Thisisthehousewhich

welivedinlastyear.

→Thisisthehouse________welivedlastyear.主語；指物賓語；指物介詞賓語；指物in

whichwhich指物，作賓語時(shí)可省略；作介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞既可放在關(guān)系代詞which之前，也可以放在從句中動(dòng)詞之后where關(guān)系代詞which的基本用法4.that作主語，賓語或表語，指人或物，作賓語時(shí)可省略.

Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.作主語；指物

Thenoodles

(that)Icookedweredelicious.作賓語；指物

Let’saskthemanthatisreadingabookoverthere.作主語；指人

Thegirl

(that)wesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.

作賓語；指人關(guān)系代詞that的基本用法①關(guān)系代詞指代先行詞，在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語或定語，因此定語從句中不能再出現(xiàn)關(guān)系代詞所替代的名詞或代詞。昨天晚上我們看的兩部電影非常嚇人Thefilmthat/whichwesawitlastnightwasveryfrightening.Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightwasveryfrightening.誤區(qū)警示被指代的東西不能重復(fù)出現(xiàn)②關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)不能省略，作賓語時(shí)可以省略。Isthatthegirl__________________youspokeoftheotherday.那就是你前幾天所提的女孩嗎?(whom/who/that）定語從句的關(guān)系代詞?用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空①Look,herearesomepeople(

who/whom/that

?

)

Iwantyoutomeet.②Istillrememberthechickenfarm(

that/which

?

)wevisitedthreemonthsago.③Thepicture

which/that

?wasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.who/whom/that

which/that

which/that

關(guān)系代詞指代在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞秩宋锞渥又髡Z賓語定語whowhomwhichthatwhose

Theusageoftherelativepronouns宜用that就不宜用which引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時(shí)。Thefirstthing_____youshoulddoiscallthepolicerightaway.Thisisthemostdeliciousfood___________Ihaveeverhad.2.當(dāng)先行詞是all，any，little，few，much，everanything,nothing，none等不定代詞或被這些詞修飾時(shí)。All________canbedonehasbeendone.Tellmeeverything________youknowPleasesendusanyinformation_______youhaveaboutthesubject.thatthatthatthatthat3.當(dāng)先行詞被由theonly，thevery，thelast，thesame等修飾時(shí)。Theonlything_______________shecoulddowastogotothePoliceforhelp.Thisistheverybook_________Iwanttobuy.4.當(dāng)先行詞既包括人又包括物時(shí)。Sometimesweshouldignorethepersonsandthings__________upsetus.宜用that就不宜用which引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況thatthatthat5.當(dāng)主句是以who,what,which開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)。Whichofthebooks_________youboughtisthemostusefulformywriting?你買的書中哪一本對我的寫作最有用?Whoistheman_________iswaitingattheschoolgate?一直在校門口等人的男士是誰？Whatdidyousee_________madeyousoangry?

你看到了什么讓你那么生氣

？

宜用that就不宜用which引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況thatthatthat1.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?2.Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistohelphim.3.ThisisthebestforeignfilmthatIhaveeverseen.4.That’stheverytoolthatwearelookingfor.5.Theytalkedaboutthethingsandfriendsthattheycouldremember.6.Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?

c.當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時(shí)d.當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級，或被其修飾時(shí)e.當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast所修飾時(shí)b.先行詞既有人又有物a.主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句

不定代，序數(shù)詞，最高級，表唯一，人和物，避重復(fù)宜用that就不宜用which引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況宜用which不宜用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況1.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)。Football,___________isaninterestinggame,isverypopularallovertheworld足球是一項(xiàng)有趣的運(yùn)動(dòng)，在全世界非常受歡迎。2.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。Thisisthehousein_________MoYanoncelived這就是莫言曾經(jīng)住過的房子。whichwhich?完成句子①Thisisthemostbeautifulpark

(that)Ihavevisited

?.

這是我參觀過的最漂亮的公園。②Shetookphotographsofthethingsandpeople

(that)shewasimpressedwith

?.

她把給她深刻印象的人和物都拍攝下來了。③Chattingwastheonlything

thatinterestedhermost

?.

聊天是她唯一最感興趣的事。(that)Ihavevisited

(that)shewasimpressedwith

thatinterestedhermost

1.當(dāng)先行詞是one,theone,ones,anyone,those,these,somebody,everybody...等代詞時(shí)?！镜湫屠洹縏hosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.尊重別人的人通常會(huì)得到別人的尊重2.在therebe句型中?！镜湫屠洹縏herearemanypeoplewhoareagainsttheplan.許多人反對這個(gè)計(jì)劃。指人時(shí)多用who少用that的情況。定語從句中的主謂一致1.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)_________的形式確定.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesthat______builtclosetoeachother.舊城區(qū)的街道狹窄，房子小，彼此挨得很近I'mfondofthatpieceofmusicwhich_______popularwiththeteenage.我喜歡在青少年中流行的那支曲子。先行詞areis定語從句中的主謂一致

Oneof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+定語從句(復(fù)數(shù)謂語)

theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句(單數(shù)謂語)2havehashas既可指人也可指物。在定語從句中可作主語、賓語或表語。它常用在thesame…as，such...as.等結(jié)構(gòu)中as不能省略。Suchreasons_____wegivecanpersuadehimtogiveuphisfoolishplan.I'llbuythesamedictionary__________youhave.關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語從句asas1.當(dāng)先行詞被thesame修飾時(shí)，也可用that引導(dǎo)定語從向但指同一物，而不是同一類。Thisisthesamebike___________llosttwomonthsago這就是兩個(gè)月前我丟的一輛自行車。Thisisthesamebike__________llosttwomonthsago這輛自行跟兩個(gè)月前我去的那輛一樣。誤區(qū)警示thatas(同一輛自行軒)(同樣的自行車，但不是同一輛)2as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，代替整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容。從句可放在主句前、主句后或主句中間。Asyouknow,sheisastubborngirl,andIcan’tpersuadehertochangehermind.Mygrandfatherisfondoftalkingaboutthegoodolddays,____isoftenthecasewitholdpeopleasas引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句常用的固定表達(dá)：asweallknowasiswellknownasyouseeasweexpectasoftenhappensasIcanrememberashasbeensaidbeforeass/wasexpectedascanbeseenasisoftenthecase眾所周知眾所周知如你所見正如我們預(yù)料的那樣正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣正如我所記得的如前所述正如預(yù)料的那樣正如所見情況常常是這樣Let’sdoCompleteeachsentencewith

that,which,who,whose,whomor

/.1.Herearesomeofthepeople_________homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_________wereasleep.3.Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything_________theycouldfind.whosewhothat/省略（書本P52Ex2）4.Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings__________hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.5.Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.6.Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby_________shewasrescued.7.Isthisyoungboy_________savedseveralotherstudentstrappedunderbuildings?that/whichwhosewhomwho()1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.

A.that

B.who

C.whom

D.this()2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.

A.whom

B.which

C.who

D./()3.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.

A.which

B.that

C./

D.itACB鞏固練習(xí)：1.選擇題

()4.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpicked

upinthestreettothepolice.

A.which

B.inwhich

C.that

D.all

()5.Thisisthebestbook_____Ihavebeen

lookingforallthisyear.

A.who

B.whom

C.whichD./

()6.Theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.

A.wholivenextdoor

B.whichlivesnextdoor

C.whomlivesnextdoor

D.thatlivesnextdoorCDD

()7.Those_____madenomistakesintoday's

exercisespleaseraiseyourhands.

A.which

B.whom

C.