2014春季八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit4各知識(shí)點(diǎn)與總結(jié)-

2014春季八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)u(píng)nit4Whydon’tyoutalkyourparent?第第②HerefusedwhenIaskedhimforhelp.A.saidyesB.saidnoC.saidhello【2013浙江寧波】74.Heinvitedhertohisbirthdaypartybutshe_______(拒絕).17.Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.相反，他卻想看什么酒看什么，一直到深夜?！窘馕?】instead代替，反而，替(1)instead副詞，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情沒(méi)做，而做了后面的事情。LeewasillsoIwentinstead.李病了，所以我去了。(2)insteadof+n/doing代替，而不是，放在句中insteadof為介詞短語(yǔ)，后面一般接名詞、代詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或動(dòng)名詞形式。Shewrotetohiminsteadofcallinghim.=Shedidn’tcallhim.Shewrotetohiminstead.她沒(méi)有給他打電話，而是給他寫了封信。()Healthisveryimportanttous.Weshouldeatmorevegetablesandfruit_____richfood.A.insteadB.insteadofC.becauseofD.because【2011江蘇徐州4】14.We’vegotnocoffee.Let’shavetea_______.A.either B.however C.yet D.instead【2013江蘇鹽城】59.Tokeepfit,weshouldhavemorevegetablesandfruit_________(代替)oftoomuchmeat.【解析2】whatever=nomatterwhat任何，每一【2013甘肅蘭州】_________happens,Iwon’tchangemymind.(無(wú)論什么）18.Ifyourparentsarehavingproblems,youshouldoffertohelp.如果你的父母有問(wèn)題，你應(yīng)該主動(dòng)提供幫助?！窘馕觥縪ffertodosth主動(dòng)提出做某事【拓展】offerv主動(dòng)給予(1)offertodosth主動(dòng)提出做某事(2)offersb.sth=offersthtosb.主動(dòng)提供給某人某物()Thelittleboy_____hisseattotheoldladyonthecrowdedbus.A.offeredB.broughtC.lentD.took【2013山東萊蕪2】27. Thelittleboy________hisseattoanoldladyonthecrowdedbus.A.lent B.offered C.took D.brought19.Secondly,whydon’tyousitdownandcommunicatewithyourbrother?其次，你為什么不能坐下來(lái)和你的哥哥交流一下呢？【解析1】secondlyadv.第二；其次【解析2】communicatev交流communicationn交流；溝通communicatewithsb.和某人交流TheycommunicatewitheachotherbyQQ.()Theycan’tunderstandeachothersotheyhavedifficultyin_____.A.communicateB.communicatedC.communicating20.Youshouldexplainthatyoudon’tmindhimwatchingTVallthetime.你應(yīng)該跟他解釋說(shuō)你并不介意他一直看電視。【解析】explain解釋；說(shuō)明→explanationn解釋；說(shuō)明explainsthtosb.向某人解釋某事。explaintosbsth給某人解釋某事【江蘇揚(yáng)州】Mr.Wualwaysspendsalotoftime__________(解釋)thingstous.【2012浙江寧波】22.—Doyou________thatNancyhasbeenalittletooquietthesedays?—Yes.Shedidn'tevensayawordthisafternoon.A.hopeB.noticeC.explainD.decide21.I’mworriedaboutmyschoolgrades.我很膽小我的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)。【解析】beworriedaboutsth.擔(dān)心某事【拓展】worryv擔(dān)心→worriedadj.焦急的worryabout=beworriedabout為……擔(dān)心①Don’tbe_________(worry).You’llcatchupwithothers.()②Don’t____aboutthingssomuch.Itwillmakeyoustressedout.afraidB.worryC.worriedD.Terrified【2013紹興】91.－Youlook_________.What'sup,sir?－Ican'tfindmyticket,butit'stimetocheckin.A.sleepyB.hungryC.tiredD.worried22.Mycousinborrowsmythingswithoutreturningthem.我堂弟借我東西沒(méi)有還我。【解析】return⑴v歸還=givebackreturn...to...=givebackto...把還給⑵v回來(lái)；返回=comeback【2012浙江寧波】Heborrowedmyiphone4anddidn’t________(歸還）ittome.SectionB.Myparentsgivemealotofpresureaboutschool.我父母在學(xué)習(xí)上給了我很多壓力?！窘馕觥縫ressv按；壓→pressure壓力⑴不可數(shù)名詞（物理學(xué)）壓力airpressure氣壓bloodpressure血壓⑵不可數(shù)名詞還可指精神上、外界施加的壓力=stressunderpressure在壓力下Ihavetocompetewithmyclassmatesatschool.在學(xué)校我不得不和我的同學(xué)們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)?！窘馕觥縞ompetev競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；對(duì)抗→competitionn競(jìng)爭(zhēng)competewithsb.和某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)competeagainst/with與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)competefor為……參加比賽Wearereadyforthecoming________________(compete).Youshouldallbe___eachothertoimprove.你們都應(yīng)該互相____而全面發(fā)展?！窘馕觥縤mprove=make...better改進(jìn)→improvementn提高Whogivestheiropinionsabouttheproblem?對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題都有誰(shuí)提出了他們自己的觀點(diǎn)?！窘馕觥縪pinionn意見；想法；看法inone’sopinion以某人的觀點(diǎn)；在某人看來(lái)giveopinionsaboutsth.給出關(guān)于某事的觀點(diǎn)。5.Thesedays,Chinesechildrenaresometimesbusieronweekendsthanweekdaysbecausetheyhavetotakesomanyafter-schoolclasses.目前，中國(guó)的孩子有時(shí)周末比平常還要忙，因?yàn)樗麄儾坏貌簧夏敲炊嗟恼n后輔導(dǎo)班?！窘馕觥縮ometime/sometime/sometimes/sometimes【口訣】：分開是一段，合起是某時(shí)；分開s是倍次，合起s是有時(shí)(1)sometime一段時(shí)間，做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間(2)sometimeadv在某個(gè)時(shí)候，(3)sometimes名詞詞組，“幾次，幾倍”Mr.GreenwenttoSanyasometimeslastsummer.(4)sometimes=attimes有時(shí)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞）()IhopetovisittheUSA_____inthefuture.A.sometimesB.sometimesC.sometimeD.sometime【2013廣西】Attimesanadcanleadyoutobuysomethingyoudon’tneedatall.soyouhavetobecareful.A.SometimeB.SometimesC.SometimeD.Sometimes6.Othersarepracticingsportssothattheycancompeteandwin.其他人正在練習(xí)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，這樣他們就能參與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)并獲勝。【解析】otherspron.“其他的人或事物”Thereareotherwaysofdoingit.做這事還有其他的辦法。()Mysisterisoutgoing.Shelikesmakingfriendswith____.A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others7.TheTaylorsareatypicalAmericanfamily.泰勒一家是一個(gè)典型的美國(guó)之家?！窘馕?】TheTaylors泰勒一家。在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前加冠詞the表示“全家人或夫妻兩人”，使用時(shí)注意主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)保持一致。TheBlacksaregettingreadyfortheholiday.【2012廣東】____GreensarepreparingforthecomingThanksgivingDay.A./B.AC.AnD.The【解析】typical典型的betypicalof“是……的特點(diǎn)”8.MaybeIcouldcutoutafewoftheiractivities,butIbelievetheseactivitiesareimportantformychildren’sfuture.或許我可以減少他們的一些活動(dòng)，但是我相信這些活動(dòng)對(duì)孩子們的未來(lái)很重要。【解析】cutout刪除；刪去(v+adv)You’dbettercutoutthatsentence.cutup切碎cutdown砍到cutin插隊(duì)cutoff切斷（水、電）供應(yīng)()Don’t___whenotherstalk;it’simpolite.A.cutoutB.cutinC.cutdownD.cutoff9.Ireallywantthemtobesuccessful.我真的很想他們成功?！窘馕觥縮uccessful成功的【拓展】succeedv成功，達(dá)到→successn成功→successfuladj成功的→successfullyadv成功地◆succeedindoingsth①Ifatfirstyoudon’t____________(success).try,tryagain.()②Sheworksveryhard,soshewill____in____theexam.A.successful;passB.success;passingC.succeed;passingD.successful;passing【2013甘肅蘭州】87.Detailsdecide______(成功)ornot.Ifwetakeeverythingseriously,we’llachieveourgoals.【2013貴州銅仁】85.—What’sthesecretofyour________（success）?—Workhard.【2013四川涼山】85.Afterhundredsofexperiments,Edison_______(成功)inventedthelightbulb.【2013山東青島3】12.Itis______thatMr.Guosailedacrosstheworldbyhimself______withinabout130daysA.terrified,successful B.scary,successfullyC.amazing,successfully D.convincing,successful10.It’stimeforhomework.該寫作業(yè)了?！窘馕觥縄t’stimeforsth是到做某事的時(shí)候了。It’stimeforlunch.It’stimetodosthIt’stimetogotoschool.()It’s9:30pm.,children!_____istimetogotobed.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.TheyInsomefamilies,competitionstartsveryyoungandcontinuesuntilthekidsgetolder.在有些家庭，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)從孩子們很小的時(shí)候就開始了，一直持續(xù)到他們長(zhǎng)大?！窘馕觥縞ontinue繼續(xù)；持續(xù)【拓展】continuedoingsth=goondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事(前后做同一件事)continuetodosth=goontodosth繼續(xù)做某事（前后不是同一件事）①Let’scontinue____________(read)thetext.②Manystudentshopetocontinue________(study)after_______(finish)school.（）③Thetwoteamscontinued_____thegameafterhalfanhour.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.played【拓展】continue，goon,last辨析⑴continuev.繼續(xù)，持續(xù)，指進(jìn)程在時(shí)間或空間上的延續(xù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)不斷，有時(shí)也可以指短暫停止后繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。Hecontinuetheworkfortwodays.他連續(xù)兩天都在做這項(xiàng)工作。⑵goon指無(wú)間歇或有間歇地繼續(xù)，或以某種特定方式繼續(xù)。goontodosth繼續(xù)做某事，指開始做另外一件事；goondoingsth繼續(xù)做原來(lái)所做的事情。Afterdoinghishomework,hewentontopreviewhislessons.做完家庭作業(yè)之后，他繼續(xù)去預(yù)習(xí)他的研究。⑶lastv.持續(xù)，延續(xù)，維持，指某事物繼續(xù)存在或某種現(xiàn)象在時(shí)間上延續(xù)，說(shuō)明某一動(dòng)作要延續(xù)一段時(shí)間。Shewon’tlastlonginthatjob.那個(gè)工作她做不了多久。12.Motherssendtheirsmallkidstoallkindsofclasses.媽媽們把她們的小孩子送去各種各樣的輔導(dǎo)班?！窘馕?】send→sent→sentv發(fā)送【短語(yǔ)】：sendaway趕走sendfor派人去請(qǐng)sendoff寄出sendout分發(fā)sendup發(fā)射sendsb.sth=sendsthtosb.送給某人某物【注】類似的動(dòng)詞有：show(展示；給……看)give(給)lend(借出)offer（提供）return（歸還）tell（告訴）()①Youfillinbothpartsoftheform,then_____.A.sendupitB.sendforitC.senditawayD.senditoff()Pleasesendaphotoofyourfamily____me.A.forB.atC.toD.with【2011四川綿陽(yáng)】15.Drunkendriveisdangerous,isn’tit?Yeah.Thatwhydrunkendrivers_____toprisonevenwithoutcausingaccidents.A.sentB.aresentC.sendD.aresending【解析2】allkindsof各種各樣的【拓展】kind(1)n種類kindof+adj.有點(diǎn)，有幾分，kindofcold有點(diǎn)冷akindof一種的，某種的allkindsof各種各樣的differentkindsof不同種類的Whatkindof…?那種(2)adj.友好的bekindtosb.=begoodtosb.=befriendlytosb.對(duì)某人友好【辨析】kindof與kindsof:eq\o\ac(○,1)kindof單獨(dú)用，表示“有點(diǎn)”，后接形容詞或副詞：Heiskindofthin.”他有點(diǎn)瘦”Ifeelkindofhungry.”我有點(diǎn)餓”UncleWangspeakskindofquickly.王叔叔說(shuō)得有點(diǎn)快。eq\o\ac(○,2)若kindof前有a,this,that,what等，譯為“種，種類”后加名詞。Thatkindofquestionisdifficulttoanswer.那類問(wèn)題難回答。Whatkindofsportdoyoulikebest?你最喜歡何種運(yùn)動(dòng)？()①Thiskindofskirtlooks___andsells_____.A.nice;wellB.nice;goodC.well;wellD.good;nice()②—What____animalsdoyoulike?—Monkeys.Ithinkthey’re_____clever.A.kindof;kindofB.akindof;akindofC.kindof;akindD.akindof;kindof()③—It’sgoingtorain.Letmefetchanumbrellaforyou.—Thankyou!Youareso____.A.luckyB.kindC.relaxedD.Interesting【2013浙江臺(tái)州】17.—IwanttoseethemovieIronMan3(《鋼鐵3》).Doyouknowthe______oftheticket?—Yes.Fivedollars.A.number B.price C.kind D.name13.Kidsshouldhavetimetorelaxandthinkforthemselves,too.孩子們也應(yīng)該有時(shí)間放松和獨(dú)立思考?！窘馕觥縣avetimetodosth有時(shí)間做某事()Doyouhavetime_____thisgamewithus?A.toplayB.playC.playingD.playedAndtheyarealwayscomparingthemwithotherchildren.她們總是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比較。【解析】compareAwithB將A和B比較(1)compare…with…把……與…..做比較(2)compare…to…把…..比做……()①.Peopleoftencompareateacheracandle.A.toB.intoC.asD.with()②.It’snecessaryEnglishChineseinEnglishstudy.A.compare;toB.tocompare;withC.comparing;toD.tocompare;into【2011四川廣元】—Whyaremostchildrenundertoomuchpressure?—Becausetheirparentsalwayscomparethem___others.A.WithB.byC.to15.Doctorssaytoomuchpressureisnotgoodforachild’sdevelopment.醫(yī)生說(shuō)太多的壓力不利于孩子們的發(fā)展?！窘馕?】begoodfor對(duì)有好處【拓展】good(better;best)adj.好的→goodnessn好處；善行；美德begoodfor對(duì)….有益處（反）bebadfor對(duì)…有害處begoodat+n/doing=dowellin+n/doing擅長(zhǎng)于做某事begoodtosb.=bekindto=befriendlytosb.對(duì)某人友好【記】Theboyisgood______me.Heisgood______English,andhetellsmeoralpracticeisgood______improvespokenEnglish.【新疆中考】Ithinkdrinkingmilkisgood____ourhealth.A.forB.toC.withD.at【湖北咸寧】—Ithinkdrinkingmilkeverymorningisgood____ourhealth.—Yes,Iagree_____you.A.to;toB.with;toC.at;withD.for;with【山東臨沂】Englishismyfavoritesubjiect,andIamgood___it.A.forB.toC.atD.of【解析2】development發(fā)展【2012江蘇泰州】Goodhabitsaregoodforthe___________(develop)ofusteenagers.【2012江蘇鹽城】The____________(develop)ofsciencehaschangedourworldalot.16.Dr.AliceGreensaysalltheseactivitiescancausealotofstressforchildren.愛(ài)麗絲.格林醫(yī)生說(shuō)所有的這些活動(dòng)可能給孩子們帶來(lái)很多壓力。【解析】causev.造成，使發(fā)生(1)causesb.todosth使某人做某事(2)causesb.forsb.給某人添麻煩()①Shealways___trouble___people.A.cause;toB.cause;forC.causing;toD.causing;for()②Everyyeardrivingafterdrinkingwine____alotoftrafficaccidents.A.happensB.providesC.causes【拓展】cause,reason,excuse辨析⑴causen.原因，指引起某種結(jié)果的“原因”，后接介詞of.Thecauseoftheaccidentwasthefactthathewasdrivingtoofast.事故的原因是他開車開的太快。⑵reasonn.理由，原因，指決定做某事或采取某項(xiàng)行動(dòng)的理由。Thereasonhewasdrivingsofastwasthathedidn’twanttomissanimportantmeeting.他開車如此快的原因是他不想錯(cuò)過(guò)一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議。⑶excusen.辯解，借口，指對(duì)某種行為所做的解釋，可以是真的，也可以是托詞。Hemadeagoodexcuseforhisdriving.他為自己開快車找了一個(gè)堂皇的借口。()What___theflowerstodie?A.madeB.hadC.causedD.get()Doyouoften___trouble____yourparents?A.get;intoB.pay;forC.cause;forD.give;to17.Inmyopinion,itisimportantforchildren/parentsto...我認(rèn)為，對(duì)于孩子們/父母來(lái)說(shuō)，是重要的?！窘馕觥縤none’sopinion以某人的觀點(diǎn)；在某人看來(lái)18.Perhapschildren/parentsshould/could或許孩子們/父母應(yīng)該/可能【解析】perhaps也許；可能【拓展】perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe辨析⑴perhaps意為“也許，可能”，一般指比較小的可能性。PerhapsIwillseehimthedayaftertomorrow,butIamnotsure.也許我后天去看他，不過(guò)我不能確定。⑵probably“很可能，大概”，其可能性