2021年天津市小港中學(xué)中考英語閱讀理解題(C類)(附答案)

2021年天津市小港中學(xué)中考英語閱讀理解題C類）

專練（附答案）

C

Dostarsonlyappearatnight?Theanswerisno.Venus（金星）istheoneandonlystarthatcan

beseeninthedaytime.ItshoneatitsbrightestinthenightskyonFebruary17,2017.

Venusisthesecondplanetinorderfromthesun.Itisthesecondbrightestnaturalobject（物

體）,behindthemoon,inthenightsky.Whyisitsobright?Firstofall,Venusistheclosestplanet

totheearth.Itisalsocoveredbyhighlyreflective（反射的）clouds,whichcanreflectabout70

percentofthesunlightshiningit,almosttwiceasmuchastheearthdoe.

Somepeoplecalled2017theyearofVenus,becausetheplanetwasatitsbrightesttwiceinthe

year.Venusgetsbrighterwhenitgoesfurtherawayfromthesun,andnearertotheearth.The

brightestmomenthappenedonceinFebruary,andhappenedagainduringdaylightonApril30th.

VenusisclosertotheearththanMarsandit'sclosertotheearthinsize.Isn'titabetterchoice

forhumanexploration（探索）thanMars?However,withatemperatureofabout465℃onthe

surface,Venusisthehottestplanetinoursolarsystem!Sopeoplehaven'texploredVenusyet.But

scientistsnevergiveup.Recently,ateamofNASAandRussianscientistscreatedanewcomputer

equipmentthatcanstandtemperaturesof480℃.ItcanworkunderVenus-likeconditionsforalmost

22days.Thenextstep,accordingtothescientists,istosendaprobe（探測器）toVenusby2025.

36.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutVenus?

A.Itisthesecondplanetinorderfromthesun.B.Itonceshoneatitsbrightestinthe

nightsky.

C.Itistheoneandonlystarthatcanbeseenindaytime.D.Itisthesecondbrightestnatural

objectbehindtheearth.

37.Venusissobrightbecause.

a.itcanreflectabout70percentofthesunlight

b.itiscoveredbyhighlyreflectiveclouds

c.Itistheclosestplanettotheearth

A.a,bB.b,cC.a,cD.a,b,c

38.Whyhaven5tpeopleexploredVenusyet?

A.Becauseit'sclosertothesun.B.Becauseit'sclosertotheearthinsize.

C.Becauseit'sthehottestplanetinsolarsystem.D.Becauseifsclosertotheearththan

Mars.

39.Accordingtothepassagethenewcomputerequipment.

A.isausefulprobe

B.canstandtemperaturesabove480℃

C.canworkunderVenus-likeconditionsforabout22days

D.iscreatedonlybyRussianscientists

40.Wherecanweprobablyfindthispassage?

A.Inasciencemagazine.B.Inatravelguide.C.Inanovel.D.Ina

shortstory.

［答案】36.D37.B38.C39.C40.A

C

WhenIsawRonnyforthefirsttime,helookedlikeotherkidsinthefirst-gradeclassroom

whereIvolunteered（自愿）asaReadingMom.However,heusuallyarrivedatschoolwearingold

clothes.OnthedaywhenitwasRonny'sturntoread,hesatveryclosetome.Iwatchedhisfingers

moveslowlyundereachletterashetriedtospeakout“BudtheSub”.Itsoundedmorelike”Baw

DawSaw“whenhesaiditbecauseofhisdifficultywiththealphabet（字母）.

TheyearpassedquicklyandRonnyhadmadesomeprogressbuthewasstillbelowthelevelof

grade.Afewweeksbeforetheschoolyearended,Iheldanawardceremony（頒獎典禮）.Ihadgifts

andcertificates（證書）foreveryone.IttookmeawhiletothinkaboutwhichgiftisgoodforRonny.

Ibelievedthegiftcouldcheerhimup.Ifinallydecidedon"TheMostProgressiveReader”.I

showedhimacertificateandabook.

Afewdayslater,IsawRonnyreadingthebookwhenIwentbacktotheschool.Histeacher

said,“Hehasn'tputthatbookdown.That'sthefirstbookhe'severhad.”

FightingbacktearsIcamenearRonnyandasked,"Willyoureadmeyourbook,Ronny?"He

nodded.

Andthen,fbrthenextfewminutes,hereadtomemoresmoothlythanI'deverthought.When

hefinishedreading,Ronnyclosedhisbookandsaid,“Goodbook.^^

Atthatmoment,IwassodeeplymovedthatImadeabigdecision-carechildrenandmake

themexcellent.

36.ThewriterfoundthattherewassomethingwrongwithRonny's.

A.eyesB.pronunciationC.opinionsD.fingers

37.ThewriterpraisedRonnyattheendoftheschoolyearbecauseintheclass.

A.hedidaswellastheotherstudentsB.hecouldreadthealphabetbest

C.hewasabovethelevelofgradeD.hetriedtodobetter

38.Theunderlinedphrase“Fightingbacktears“inthefourthparagraphmeans.

A.beginningtocrysilentlyB.turningbacktocryloudly

C.tryinghardnottoshowthefeelingD.beingfilledwithsadtears

39.Thewriterwasmovedsodeeplythatshewantedto.

A.takecareofRonnyallthetimeB.helpmorechildrenbecomesuccessful

C.teachchildrenintheschoolasateacherD.writemorenovelsforchildren

40.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?

A.Manychildrenaren'tcaredinsomeschools,B.Mostchildrenliketoreadiftheyhave

goodbooks.

C.Childrenshouldbeencouragedintheirstudy.D.Alltheauthorscanbegoodteachers

inprimaryschools.

【答案】36.B37.D38.C39.B40.C

C

MaterialOne

Ifyourchildoftengetsbadgrades,youmustfeelsad.Asamiddleschoolteacher,Ifeelsad,too.

However,I'dliketosaythatbadgradesarenottheendoftheworld.

Recently,researchersfromtheUniversityofBristol(inEngland)andtheUniversityof

Chicago(intheUSA)didasurvey.Over10,000peopletookpartintheresearch.Thestudyshows

thatpromisingchildrenmoney,iPadsorcellphonestopassexamsisuseless.However,promisesof

tripscanencouragestudentstostudyhard.Sofromnowon,pleasemakeproperpromises.

MaterialTwo

Asaneducationexpert,Icaremuchaboutyourkids.AlotofparentsIknowwanttheirkidstodo

wellintheirstudies.Afterall,goodgradesinschoolcouldincreasekid'schanceofachievingbig

thingswhentheygrowold.

Helpingyourkidsimprovetheirstudiescanbepossiblebyfollowingthesetips:

★Seetoitthatyourkidseatright,it'simportanttoeatabalancedandhealthydiet.Makesure

thatyourkidsdon*tskipbreakfast.

★L(fēng)etyourkidsgetenoughsleep.Makesurethattheygetatleasteighthoursofsleep.Getting

agoodnight'ssleepisasimportantaseatingthreehealthymealsaday.

★Influenceyourkidstoreadoften.Readingisagoodhabit.Itcannotonlyimproveyourkids

communicationskillsbutalsoextendtheirvocabulary.

36.AccordingtoMaterialone,promisesofcanencouragestudentstostudyhard.

A.MoneyB.iPadsC.cellphonesD.trips

37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtoMaterialTwo?

A.Breakfastisimportanttokids.B.Kidsshouldhavetwomealsaday.

C.It*snecessaryforkidstogetenoughsleep.D.Readingalotishelpfultokids.

38.Theunderlinedword"extend"canbereplacedby"

A.breakB.wasteC.increaseD.

remember

39.Fromtheabovereading,wecanlearnthat.

A.thewriterofMaterialOneworksinauniversity

B.theUniversityofBristolliesintheUSA

C.thewriterofMaterialTwoisateacher

D.parentscandomuchtohelpkidswiththeirstudies

40.Whoistheabovereadingwrittenfor?

A.ParentsB.StudentsC.TeachersD.

Educationexperts

［答案】36.D37.B38.C39.D40.A

C

Doencyclopediasknoweverything?

LongbeforeWikipedia（維基百科）orEncyclopediaBritannica（大英百科全書）,therewas

PlinytheElder.Hewasafirst-centuryRomanresearcher.Hisassistantsreadtohimwhileheate

dinnerandwhilehebathed.Allthewhile,Plinytooknotes.Heevenconsideredwalkingawasteof

time.HisassistantscarriedhimaroundRomeinachairwhileheread.

AllofthiswasdoneinpreparationforhisHistoriaNaturalis.ThebookwaspublishedinA.D.

77.Itisconsideredtheoldestsurviving（現(xiàn)存的）encyclopediaonEarth.Thereare2,500chapters.

TheycovereverythingfrommicetoMars.

“NoRomanauthorhascompletedsuchaproject,Plinyproudlydeclared.Unluckily,two

yearsafterhavingpublishedtheencyclopedia,hediedinanaturaldisaster.

Accidentscanhardlybeavoided.However,theycanberecorded.Editors（編輯）of

encyclopedias,likePliny,organizetheknowledgeofourworld.Likeavaluablegift,thebooksare

passeddownthroughtheages.Theybegintheirlivesasatoolandendthemasahistoricalrecord.

Therefore,inmyopinion,anencyclopediaisnotjustarecordofwhatitseditorsknow,it'salso

arecordofwhattheydon'tknow.

Plinywaswrongwhenhesaidthereweresevenplanets,includingtheSunandtheMoon.He

waswrong,too,whenhesaidAfricanswereblackfrombeingburntbytheSun.Afterall,Historia

NaturalisisabookeditedbyaRomanthousandsofyearsago.Itcontainedallofthethingshetruly

knewatthetime.

Similarly,IbelievebothWikipediaandEncyclopediaBritannicahavesomeinaccurate（不7隹

確的）information.Eventhebiggestencyclopediasonlyrepresentwhattheireditorsknow.

“Thetaskofeditinganencyclopediacanneverbecompleted,saidRogerLewinter,an

Americanresearcher.Encyclopediascan'trecordallofhumanknowledgebutjustsomeofit.They

arealwayswaitingforsomeone—you,perhaps—toimprovethem.

56.Accordingtothearticle,beforePlinytheEldercompletedHistoriaNaturalis,.

A.nobodyknewwhatMarswas

B.therewasnoencyclopediaonEarth

C.nobodyhadconsideredwalkingawasteoftime

D.noRomanauthorhadcompletedanencyclopedia

57.Theunderlinedword“declared”（inParagraph3）isclosestinmeaningto"

A.madeB.saidC.createdD.took

58.WhendidPlinytheElderdieinanaturaldisaster?

A.InA.D.79.B.InA.D.77.C.InA.D.75.D.In77

B.C.

59.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementscanwefindinHitoriaNaturalis?

A.Amongallthecontinents,AfricaisthefarthestfromtheSun.

B.TherearemanymiceinAfrica.

C.TheSunisaplanet.

D.Marsisnotaplanet.

60.Theauthorofthisarticleexpectshisreadersto.

A.improveanencyclopedia

B.findallthemistakesinHistoriaNaturalis.

C.completethetaskofeditinganencyclopedia

D.takealookattheworld'sbiggestencyclopedia

［答案】56.D57.B58.A59.C60.A

C

IngvarKampradwasbornon30thMarch1926inLjungbySweden.Heisthewealthiest

European-bornpersonandtheseventhwealthiestpersonintheworld.Abusinessmanfrom

childhood,hegrewupfromsellingmatchestohisneighboursasayoungboytosellinghousehold

items（家用商品）totheworldasthecreatoroffurniturestoreIKEA.

Kampraddiscoveredthesecretofbusinessatayoungage.Herealisedthathecouldbuy

matchesinbulk（批發(fā)）fromStockholmandsellthemseparatelyatreasonableprices,andstillmake

agreatdealofmoney.Hedevelopedhisbusinesssuccessfullyfrommatchestofish,Christmascards

andpens.WhenKampradwasattheageofseventeen,hisfathergavehimmoneyasaprizeforthe

progresshemadeinhisstudies.Withthismoney,IKEAwasborn.

IKEAisoneofthemostfamousshopsintheworld.Itsellsfurniture,accessories（酉己件）,

bathroomandkitchenitems.“IKEA"isknownforalwaysgivingnamesinsteadofnumberstoeach

ofitsproducts.ThisisbecauseofKamprad\dyslexia（閱讀障礙）.Actually,hefoundnameseasier

torememberthanproductcodes（代碼）.Thestore'snamecomesfromIngvarKampradinitials（首

字母）一IK,thoseofthefamilyfarmwherehewasbom-Elmtarydandthevillageclose

by一Agunnaryd."IKEA"nowhasstoresinoverfortydifferentcountries.

Kampradisfamousforhisfrunality.Hedoesn'twearsuits,andheflieseconomyclass（經(jīng)濟(jì)

艙）.Healsorequiresthathisemployees（員工）writeonbothsidesofasheetofpaper.Healso

drivesafifteen-year-oldVolvo,andisknowntobuywrapping（包裝）paperandChristmaspaperin

thepost,especiallyduringChristmassales.However,Kampradownsahousewithalargegardenin

Switzerlandandavineyard（葡萄園）inFrance.

36.Asayoungboy,Kampradmademoneyby________.

A.studyinghardB.sellingmatches

C.sellingfumitureD.makingfurniture

37.WheredidKampradgetmoneytocreateIKEA?

A.Fromthebank.B.Fromhisfather.

C.Fromhisschool.D.Fromhisfriends.

38.WhydoesIKEAgivenamesinsteadofnumberstoeachofitsproducts?

A.BecauseKampraddoesn'tlikenumbers.

B.Becausenumberslookstrangetocustomers.

C.BecausenamesareeasierforKampradtoremember.

D.Becausecodesareeasierforcustomerstoremember.

39.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningoftheword“fhigality"inParagraph4?

A.Beingcarefulaboutspendingmoney.B.Beingweakinrememberingnames.

C.Beingafraidofdrivingcars.D.Beinggoodattakingphotos.

40.Themainideaofthepassageisprobablyabout.

A.thefamilyfarmwhereKampradwasborn

B.themostfamousfurnitureshopsintheworld

C.theprizefortheprogressKampradmadeinstudies

D.thelifeofasuccessfulbusinessman,IngvarKamprad

【答案】36.B37.B38.C39.A40.D

C

Manyyearsago,LakePonkapoginHartwell,NewJersey,wasfulloflife.Manybirdsand

animalslivedbesidethewater,whichwasfulloffish.Nowtherearefewbirds,animals,andfish.

Thelakewaterispolluted.Itisinacolourofdirty（臟的）brown,anditisfilledwithstrangeplants.

Howdidthishappen?First,wemustthinkabouthowwatergetsintoLakePonkapog.Whenit

rains,watercomesintothelakefromallaround.Inthepast,therewereforestsallaroundLake

Ponkapog,sotherainwaterwasclean.

Nowtherearemanyhomesaroundthelake.Peopleoftenusechemicals（彳七學(xué)品）intheir

gardens.Theyuseotherchemicalsinsidetheirhousesforcleaningorkillinginsects（昆蟲）.There

arealsomanybusinesses.Businessesusechemicalsintheirmachinesorshops.Otherchemicalsfall

ontothegroundfromcarsortrucks.Whenitrains,therainwaterpicksupallthechemicalsfrom

homesandbusinessesandthencarriesthemintothelake.Theypollutethewaterandkillthe

animals.

Boatsonthelakearealsoaproblem.LakePonkapogisapopularplaceformotorboats.Butoil

andgas（汽油）fromboatsgetintothelake.Somorebadchemicalsgointothewaterthisway.

PeopleinHartwellareworried.Theylovetheirlakeandwanttosaveit.Willitbepossible?A

cleanlakemusthavecleanrainwatergoingintoit.Cleanrainwaterispossibleonlyifpeopleare

morecarefulaboutchemicalsathomeandatwork.Theymustalsobemorecarefulaboutgasandoil

andotherchemicalsontheground.Andtheymustn'tusemotorboatsanymoreonthelake.Allthese

maychangepeople'slives.OnlythencanLakePonkapogbeabeautiful,cleanlakeagain.

56.Inthepast,thewaterinLakePonkapogwasmadecleanby.

A.birdsB.rainC.forestsD.fish

57.Chemicalsfromhomesandbusinesses.

A.arealwayscleanB.canhelptheanimals

C.aregoodforthelakeD.getintotherainwater

58.Cleanerrainwaterwillmean.

A.moreboatsonthelakeB.moredirtythingsinthelake

C.acleanerlakeD.adirtierlake

59.TosaveLakePonkapog,peopleneedto

A.bemorecarefulaboutchemicalsB.uselesswater

C.growfewerplantsinthegardensD.usemoremotorboatsonthelake

60.Thepassageisabout.

A.boatsonLakePonkapogB.whythewaterisdirtyinLake

Ponkapog

C.cleanrainwaterD.dirtylakes

［答案】56.C57.D58.C59.A60.B

Elephantsarethelargestanimalsonland.Foralongtimetheyareveryhelpful.Theycarrybig

trees,takepeoplefromplacetoplace,andareevenusedinwars.

Somepeoplethinkit'snoteasytohurtanelephantbecauseitsskinisthickandhard.Infact,

thafswrong.Sometimes,aneedlecanalsobeverydangerousfortheelephant.

Peoplesayelephantsareafraidofmice.Thisiswrong,too.Infact,elephantshaveverypoor

eyesight,sotheyusuallycannotseeamouseevenifonecomesveryclosetothem.Ifapersonhasa

goodmemory,peoplewillsaythathehasanelephantmemory.However,uptonow,nostudyshows

thatelephantshaveabettermemorythananyotheranimal.

Peoplealsobelievethatwhenitistimeforelephantstodie,theywillhidethemselvesina

so-called"elephanturaveyard^.Often,hunterstrytofindsuchplacestogetivories（象牙），butfew

peoplereallyfindplaceslikethat.Infact,whenelephantsareoldorgetsick,theywillstayindeep

andsecretcavesuntiltheygetbetterordie.

56.Whatcan'telephantshelppeopledo?

A.Carryheavytrees.B.Helppeoplebuildhouses.

C.Carrypeopletodifferentplaces.D.Helppeoplefightinthewar.

57.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutelephants?

A.Elephantsareafraidofmice.B.Elephantshaveverypoormemory.

C.Elephantscannotseeveryclearly.D.Elephantsnevergotocaves.

58.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“graveyard”?

A.Aplaceforhidingdeadbodies.B.Aplaceforanimalstoplayin.

C.Aplacewithyardsandflowers.D.Aplacewhereelephantsaresafe.

59.Whatwillelephantsdowhentheygetsick?

A.Theywillgotoseeadoctor.

B.Theywillaskotheranimalsforhelp.

C.Theywillaskhumansforhelp.

D.Theywillstayindeepcavesthemselves.

60.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?

A.Elephantsareman'sbestfriends.

B.Differentcountrieshavedifferentelephants.

C.Elephantsaretheworld'sbiggestanimalsonland.

D.Someofourideasaboutelephantsarenotcorrect.

［答案】56.B57.C58.A59.D60.D

C

Walking

Ifyouwanttogethealthyorstayhealthy,thereisoneeasyactivityforyou-walking.

Youmaythinkthatsimplytakingawalkisnotenoughtomakeabigdifference.Youmaythink

thatyouneedtodosomethinglikerunningtostayhealthy.

Well,anewstudysaysthatisnottrue.Itfindsoutthatwalkingmaybeasgoodforusas

running.

Runningisahigh-impact（高強(qiáng)度的）activityandcanbehardonthebody.So,manypeople

cannotrun.Walkingseemstohavealloftheadvantagesandnoneofthedisadvantagesofrunning.

DrRussellPateisaprofessorofexercisescienceattheArnoldSchoolofPublicHealthatthe

UniversityofSouthCarolina.Hesays,“Walkingisoneoftheeasiestandsafestexercisesaperson

cando.Youdonotneedtolearnalottogetresults.”

Walkingneedsnospecialskillsorequipment.Youcandoitanywhere.Itfitseasilyintoyour

dailyschedule（日程表）.Youcanwalkatwork.Youcanwalkifyouwanttogoshopping.Youcan

takethestairsinsteadofthelift.

Walkingisagreatexerciseforbeginners.Ifyouareoutofshapeorgettingbackintoshape

afteranillnessoraccident,walkingisperfect.Youcandoalittleatatime,orasweliketosay,take

babysteps.

56.Ifyouwanttogethealthyorstayhealthy,oneeasyactivityforyouis.

A.swimmingB.walkingC.skatingD.

shopping

57.Anewstudyshows.

A.runningisbetterthanwalkingB.walkingisthebestwayofexercising

C.walkingisasgoodasrunningD.walkingandrunningarenotgood

enough

58.WhydoesDrRussellPatesaywalkingisoneoftheeasiestandsafestexercisespersoncando?

A.Becausewalkingisahigh-impactactivityandcanbeeasyonthebody.

B.Becausewalkingneedsskills.

C.Becauserunninghasmoreadvantagesthanwalking.

D.Becausewalkingneedsnospecialskillsorequipment,andwecandoitanywhere.

59.Whatisthesixthparagraphtalkingabout?

A.TheadvantagesofwalkingB.Theresultsofwalking

C.TheimpactofwalkingD.Thedisadvantagesofwalking

60.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Totellpeoplethatwalkingisawasteoftime

B.Totellpeoplethattheydon'tneedtorunanymore.

C.Totellpeoplethattheyshouldw