Module+5+Look+after+yourself+Unit+2+Get+off+the+sofa 外研版英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)下冊(cè)

Module5LookafteryourselfUnit2Getoffthesofa!&1&

thanks

to多虧；歸功于；由于&2&

教材語(yǔ)境

Thanks

to

better

health

care,

most

people

are

living

healthier

and

longer

lives.

多虧有了更完善的醫(yī)療保?。ǚ?wù)），大多數(shù)人生活得更健康、更長(zhǎng)壽。（教材P42）&3&

thanks

to中to為介詞，其后接名詞（短語(yǔ)）、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。thanks

to常位于句首，有時(shí)可與because

of互換。?Thanks

to

your

help,

we

finished

the

task

on

time.多虧你們的幫忙，我們按時(shí)完成了工作。?Thanks

to

environmental

protection,

the

mountains

are

getting

greener

and

greener.由于環(huán)境保護(hù)，山變得越來越綠了。（選自陜西中考A卷）

thanks

for

（doing）

sth.意為"因（做）某事而感謝"，強(qiáng)調(diào)感謝的原因。?Thanks

for

lending

me

your

umbrella.謝謝你借給我你的雨傘。典例1

(天水中考)___

the

kind-hearted

lady,

the

homeless

boy

has

a

new

family.AA.Thanks

to

B.Thank

to

C.Thanks

for

D.Thank

for【解析】句意：多虧這位好心的女士，那個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的男孩有了一個(gè)新家。thanks

to意為"多虧，歸功于"；thanks

for意為"因……而感謝"，強(qiáng)調(diào)感謝的原因。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，選A。教材語(yǔ)境

Someone

who

is

born

today

can

expect

to

live

about

thirty-five

years

longer

than

someone

who

was

born

in

the

nineteenth

century.

現(xiàn)在出生的人有望比出生于19世紀(jì)的人多活大約35年。（教材P42）&5&

expect/?k?spekt/

v.預(yù)料；預(yù)計(jì)?You

can't

expect

to

learn

a

foreign

language

in

a

few

months.

你不能指望在幾個(gè)月內(nèi)就學(xué)會(huì)一門外語(yǔ)。?I

didn't

expect

him

to

become

a

successful

writer.

我沒想到他會(huì)成為一名成功的作家。?The

train

is

expected

to

be

late.

預(yù)計(jì)火車會(huì)晚點(diǎn)。

?There's

the

doorbell

—

I

expect

it'll

be

the

postman.門鈴響了，估計(jì)是郵遞員。&6&

expect作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，還可意為"等待；期待；盼望"。常見搭配：expect

sb."等待某人"，expect

sth."期待某事"，expect

sb.

to

do

sth."期待某人做某事"。?You

look

absent-minded.

Are

you

expectingsomeone?

你看起來心不在焉的，你在等人嗎？（選自無(wú)錫中考）?Teachers

expect

all

their

students

to

make

progress

day

by

day.老師們期待他們所有的學(xué)生每天都有進(jìn)步。（選自青島中考）&7&

in

the

nineteenth

century在19世紀(jì)&8&

"in

the+序數(shù)詞+century"表示"在……世紀(jì)"。&9&

表示"在……世紀(jì)……年代"用"in

the+年份+-s/in

the

+年份+-'s"。?The

tea

trade

from

China

to

Western

countries

took

place

in

the

19th

century.

從中國(guó)到西方國(guó)家的茶葉貿(mào)易發(fā)生在19世紀(jì)。（選自哈爾濱中考）?He

was

born

in

the

1990s/1990's.

他出生在20世紀(jì)90年代。典例2

根據(jù)句意及首字母提示寫出句中所缺單詞。Young

people

in

the

21st

c_______

are

full

of

hope

and

brave

enough

to

take

on

a

challenge.entury教材語(yǔ)境

It

is

even

thought

that

in

the

future

more

and

more

people

will

celebrate

their

hundredth

birthdays.

人們甚至認(rèn)為將來越來越多的人會(huì)慶祝他們的百歲生日。（教材P42）&10&

It

is

thought

that...

人們認(rèn)為……&11&

這是"It+be+過去分詞+that從句."句型，相當(dāng)于"People

think

that..."。其中it作形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語(yǔ)。?It's

thought

that

eating

too

much

meat

is

bad

for

health.

人們認(rèn)為吃太多肉對(duì)健康有害。&12&

類似的表達(dá)還有：It's

said

that…據(jù)說……It's

said

that

she

lived

to

be

over

100.

據(jù)說她活了100多歲。It's

reported

that…據(jù)報(bào)道……It's

reported

that

12

people

died

in

the

accident.

據(jù)報(bào)道有12人在事故中遇難。It's

（well-）

known

that…眾所周知……It

is

well-known

that

silk

was

discovered

in

China.眾所周知，絲綢是在中國(guó)發(fā)的。（選自昆明中考）&13&

more

and

more越來越多的&14&

&15&

more

and

more是"比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)"結(jié)構(gòu)，此處more是many的比較級(jí)，其后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；more

and

more中的more還可視為much的比較級(jí)，其后接不可數(shù)名詞。?There

will

be

more

and

more

tall

buildings

in

the

future.未來將會(huì)有越來越多的高樓大廈。?It

seems

that

families

are

spending

more

and

more

time

together.家人們?cè)谝黄鸬臅r(shí)間似乎越來越多了。（選自揚(yáng)州中考）more

and

more后還可加多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)形容詞或副詞，意為"越來越……"，表示程度上的遞進(jìn)。?We

believe

that

our

home

town

will

be

more

and

more

beautiful.

我們相信，我們的家鄉(xiāng)將會(huì)越來越美麗。（選自溫州中考）&17&

動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）作目的狀語(yǔ)&18&

教材語(yǔ)境

To

keep

fit,

you

have

to

walk

at

least

10,

000

steps

every

day.

為了保持健康，你每天必須至少走10

000步。（教材P42）&19&

to

keep

fit意為"為了保持健康"，是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可置于句首，也可置于句末；位于句首時(shí)，用逗號(hào)與后面的內(nèi)容隔開。?To

get

there

on

time，I

had

to

get

up

early.

=

I

had

to

get

upearly

to

get

there

on

time.

為了按時(shí)到那里，我不得不早點(diǎn)兒起床。典例3

(揚(yáng)州中考)

_____

the

people

locked

inside,

the

firemen

broke

down

the

door.BA.Reach

B.To

reach

C.Reaching

D.To

reaching【解析】此處是說，為了解救被鎖在里面的人，消防隊(duì)員破門而入。此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故選B。教材語(yǔ)境

In

the

past,

people's

jobs

required

more

physical

effort.過去，人們的工作需要更多的體力。（教材P42）&20&

require

/r??kwa??/

v.需要&21&

require

作及物動(dòng)詞，通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。?Several

months

ago,

I

had

a

car

accident

and

required

an

operation.幾個(gè)月前，我出了車禍，需要做手術(shù)。（選自紹興中考）?You

are

required

to

wear

a

seat

belt

by

law.法律規(guī)定要系安全帶。?These

buildings

require

repairing

next

month.這些建筑下個(gè)月需要修繕。?The

situation

required

that

he（should）

be

present.這種情形需要他在場(chǎng)。&22&

physical/?f?z?kl/

adj.身體的；體力的&23&

physical作形容詞，physical

exercise意為"體育鍛煉"。&24&

physical作形容詞，還可意為"物質(zhì)的；物理學(xué)的"。?Youth

is

the

time

of

physical

growth.

青少年時(shí)期是長(zhǎng)身體的時(shí)期。?Let's

take

an

active

part

in

physical

exercise

from

now

on.

從現(xiàn)在起讓我們積極參加體育鍛煉吧。?physical

change

物理變化physically

adv.身體上；肉體上&25&

effort/?ef?t/

n.力氣；精力&26&

effort還可作可數(shù)名詞，意為"努力，盡力，試圖"。make

an/every

effort

to

do

sth."努力/盡力做某事"。?The

project

needs

time

and

effort.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目需要時(shí)間和精力。?Learning

to

speak

another

language

takes

effort.學(xué)說另一門語(yǔ)言要下功夫。?He

made

every

effort

to

help

the

children

deal

with

their

problems.他盡一切努力幫助孩子們解決問題。在此作不可數(shù)名詞&27&

once

in

a

while偶爾；有時(shí)；間或教材語(yǔ)境

You

should

only

have

it

once

in

a

while.

你只能偶爾吃點(diǎn)兒。

（教材P42）&28&

常用來表示頻度，其前可加every，相當(dāng)于now

and

then、at

times，通常位于句末，有時(shí)也可用于句首。?He

comes

to

our

room

for

a

chat

once

in

a

while.

他偶爾來我們房間閑談。?Every

once

in

a

while

I

visit

Los

Angeles.我偶爾會(huì)去洛杉磯。&29&

harm/hɑ?m/

v.損害；傷害教材語(yǔ)境

Eating

too

much

of

the

wrong

food

will

harm

your

health.吃太多不好的食物將會(huì)對(duì)你的健康有害。（教材P42）&30&

harm在此作及物動(dòng)詞，多指損害某事物或傷害人或動(dòng)物。?It's

said

that

the

product

may

harm

the

environment.

據(jù)說該產(chǎn)品可能會(huì)損害環(huán)境。?I

won't

hurt

anyone.

我不會(huì)傷害任何人。

（1）harm還可作名詞，意為"傷害；損害"。do

harm

to"對(duì)……有害"。?It

will

do

harm

to

our

environment

to

throw

about

plastic

bags.

亂扔塑料袋將會(huì)對(duì)我們的環(huán)境有害。（2）harmful作形容詞，意為"有害的"。其反義詞為harmless"無(wú)害的"。be

harmful

to"對(duì)……有害"，其同義短語(yǔ)為be

bad

for。?Greenhouse

gases

are

harmful

to

the

environment.溫室氣體對(duì)環(huán)境有害。（選自鹽城中考）考向點(diǎn)撥中考常在完成句子中考查短語(yǔ)do

harm

to或be

harmful

to,常在句型轉(zhuǎn)換中考查do

harm

to、be

harmful

to、be

bad

for之間的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，常在詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用中考查harm和harmful的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。&32&

be

worried

about為……擔(dān)心教材語(yǔ)境

If

you

are

worried

about

something,

talk

to

your

parents

or

your

teacher.如果你為某事而感到焦慮，和你的父母或老師談?wù)劙?。（教材P42）&33&

be

worried

about強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)，其中worried為形容詞，about

為介詞，后常接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語(yǔ)。?All

the

people

are

worried

about

the

sick

boy

in

hospital.

所有人都在為那個(gè)生病住院的男孩擔(dān)心。&34&

worry

about

意為"擔(dān)心……"，為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。?Don't

worry

about

the

test.

You'll

be

great!

不用擔(dān)心考試,

你會(huì)很棒的！典例4

(深圳中考)—Mark

has

had

too

much

fried

food.

I'm

really

___

him.—Me,

too.

I

think

he

should

have

more

vegetables

and

fruit.BA.afraid

of

B.worried

about

C.unaware

of【解析】be

afraid

of"害怕"；

be

worried

about"擔(dān)心"；be

unaware

of"沒有意識(shí)到"。由"馬克吃了太多的油炸食品"可推知，我很"擔(dān)心"他，故選B。教材語(yǔ)境

Say

no

to

smoking!

拒絕吸煙！

（教材P42）&35&

say

no/yes

（to...）拒絕/同意（……）&36&

say

no/yes

to中的to為介詞，其后可接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。?Their

offer

was

so

good

that

I

couldn't

say

no.

他們提出的條件很好，我無(wú)法拒絕。?Did

you

say

yes

to

her

invitation?

你接受她的邀請(qǐng)了嗎？&37&

類似的表達(dá)還有：say

hello

to

sb.

向某人問好say

sorry

to

sb.

向某人道歉say

goodbye

to

sb.

向某人道別say

thanks

to

sb.

向某人道謝&38&

put

on增加（體重）教材語(yǔ)境

However,

if

you

are

always

s