【資料2】英語(yǔ)題型技巧-語(yǔ)法填空

語(yǔ)法填空解題技巧語(yǔ)法填空解題技巧猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第PAGE猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第1頁(yè)共21頁(yè)目錄一、語(yǔ)法填空介紹 2（一）語(yǔ)法填空題型 2有提示詞 2無(wú)提示詞 2（二）題目要求的變化 3（三）各卷考點(diǎn)對(duì)比 4二、考點(diǎn)分析 5（一）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài) 5動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)回顧 6主動(dòng)or被動(dòng) 6單數(shù)or復(fù)數(shù) 7（二）非謂語(yǔ) 7非謂語(yǔ)基本形式 8非謂語(yǔ)解題要點(diǎn)邏輯主語(yǔ) 9非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題必備 10（三）從句 14關(guān)系一：句子—完整句子（狀語(yǔ)從句/并列句） 15關(guān)系二：名詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（定語(yǔ)從句） 17關(guān)系三：動(dòng)詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（名詞性從句） 20一、語(yǔ)法填空介紹（一）語(yǔ)法填空題型有提示詞（將所給提示詞進(jìn)行變換）提示詞包括：動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞。例題：動(dòng)詞：(2014全國(guó)卷I)Ittookyearsofwork (reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthe名詞廣東卷)"Thatwouldbeavery (reason)thingtodoinabigbutitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeours,"Nicksaid.形容詞全國(guó)卷I)Theriverwassopollutedthatit (actual)caughtfireandburned.代詞：(2015全國(guó)卷I)Afewhoursearlier,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with (it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.無(wú)提示詞（根據(jù)上下文填寫(xiě)合適的詞題型示例(2015全國(guó)卷I)ItwasraininglightlywhenI (arrive)injustbeforedawn.(2015廣東卷)Whenharvestcamearound,hewasalreadysellingherbs,vegetablesandcottoninthemarket 無(wú)詞常考連接詞、介詞、冠詞。

peoplefromthetownmetregularly.無(wú)詞例題連接詞：ThefirstparkingspaceIfoundwasconvenient,butI'dnoticedawomaninabluecarcirclingforawhile,becauseIwasinagoodmood,Iletherhaveit.猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第PAGE猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第3頁(yè)共21頁(yè)介詞：Theyoungmanwenthomewithahappyheart.冠詞：Heownedafarm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.總結(jié)：語(yǔ)法填空考點(diǎn)（二）題目要求的變化2014（32015（1）2016（1）結(jié)論：有提示詞：填幾個(gè)詞都可能。無(wú)提示詞：填一個(gè)詞。（三）各卷考點(diǎn)對(duì)比（三）各卷考點(diǎn)對(duì)比猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第PAGE猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第4頁(yè)共21頁(yè)全國(guó)卷&廣東卷&上海卷高頻考點(diǎn)共同點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞（非謂語(yǔ)&謂語(yǔ)）形容詞句子關(guān)系固定搭配各地方卷·動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)比全國(guó)卷廣東卷上海卷考過(guò)的時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)各地方卷·句子關(guān)系對(duì)比各地方卷·句子關(guān)系對(duì)比猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第PAGE猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第5頁(yè)共21頁(yè)全國(guó)卷廣東卷上海卷主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句倒裝句三大必備技能謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞正確變換；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的正確形式；連詞與引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。（一）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)是語(yǔ)法填空核心考點(diǎn)，一般有提示詞（動(dòng)詞。1.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)回顧1.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)回顧猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第PAGE猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第6頁(yè)共21頁(yè)一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/does現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/hasbeendoing過(guò)去一般過(guò)去時(shí)did過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoing過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddone過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)hadbeendoing將來(lái)一般將來(lái)時(shí)willdo將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)willbedoing將來(lái)完成時(shí)willhavedone將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)willhavebeendoing過(guò)去將來(lái)一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)woulddo過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)wouldbedoingwas/goingtodo過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)wouldhavedone行時(shí)wouldhavedoing主動(dòng)or被動(dòng)or承受者。主動(dòng)or？主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般時(shí)dobedone進(jìn)行時(shí)bedoingbebeingdone完成時(shí)havedonehavebeendone被動(dòng)常考被動(dòng)?？荚齿o導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第PAGE猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第7頁(yè)共21頁(yè)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在do/doesam/is/aredone一般過(guò)去didwas/weredone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行am/is/aredoingam/is/arebeingdone過(guò)去進(jìn)行was/weredoingwas/werebeingdone現(xiàn)在完成have/hasdonehave/hasbeendone過(guò)去完成haddonehadbeendone單數(shù)or復(fù)數(shù)？判斷主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。（二）非謂語(yǔ)1.非謂語(yǔ)基本形式1.非謂語(yǔ)基本形式猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第PAGE猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第8頁(yè)共21頁(yè)①形式對(duì)應(yīng)術(shù)語(yǔ)done過(guò)去分詞doing動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞todo不定式②動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞Hanslikessleeping.動(dòng)名詞，表示睡覺(jué)這件事Hansissleeping.現(xiàn)在分詞，表示正在睡覺(jué)③非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分別什么意思？done被動(dòng)、完成doing主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行todo將來(lái)、目的④非謂語(yǔ)你只需要記住這張表格在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作前發(fā)生（同時(shí)）現(xiàn)在將來(lái)（完成）過(guò)去主動(dòng)havingdonedoingtodo被動(dòng)havingbeendonebeingdonetobedonedone⑤對(duì)比：時(shí)態(tài)的主被動(dòng)⑤對(duì)比：時(shí)態(tài)的主被動(dòng)猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第PAGE猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第9頁(yè)共21頁(yè)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般時(shí)dobedone進(jìn)行時(shí)bedoingbebeingdone完成時(shí)havedonehavebeendone2.非謂語(yǔ)解題要點(diǎn)邏輯主語(yǔ)①主語(yǔ)與邏輯主語(yǔ)：例子：?Peoplefeedpigs. people是feed的主語(yǔ)。Isawsomepeoplefeedingpigs. peoplefeeding的邏輯主語(yǔ)。②動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系：todo:將來(lái)（主動(dòng)）doing:主謂（主動(dòng)）done:動(dòng)賓（被動(dòng)例句："Whatareyoudoingcriedthe_running_(runquicklyforwardtohispictures.邏輯主語(yǔ)：painter；關(guān)系：主謂（thepainterruns）avoid(avoid)suchtroubles,weshouldcomparesimilaritemsondifferentonlinestoresandpaymoreattentiontowhatothercustomers邏輯主語(yǔ)：we；關(guān)系：將來(lái)（wewillavoid）Children,when_accompanied_(accompany)bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.邏輯主語(yǔ)：children；關(guān)系：動(dòng)賓（accompanychildren）3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題必備3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題必備猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第PAGE猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第10頁(yè)共21頁(yè)①動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)2015高考 (ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.2014高考 (understand)yourownneedsandstylesofcommunicationisasimportantaslearningtoconveyyouraffectionandemotions.猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第PAGE猿輔導(dǎo)高中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)組出品第11頁(yè)共21頁(yè)②非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)介詞賓語(yǔ)：doing2014IIOnemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout (be)lateschool.動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)：todo/doing2014IIIheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothebutherefused (stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.2014遼寧Keep (hold)yourpositionforawhile.Ithelpsdevelopyourstrengthandflexibility.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)只接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的情況：四個(gè)希望三答應(yīng)（hope,wish,expect,long,agree,promise,undertake）四個(gè)想要巧安排（intend,plan,want,desire,arrange）設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定（manage,learn,decide,determine）企圖假裝要選擇（attempt,pretend,choose）提供要求別拒絕（offer,demand,refuse）威脅準(zhǔn)備不失?。╰hreaten,prepare,fail）只接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的情況：避免錯(cuò)過(guò)少延期(avoid,miss,postpone)喜歡想象禁不住(enjoy,imagine,can’thelp)逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒(escape,risk,excuse)建議完成多練習(xí)(advise,finish,practice)承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒(admitenvy)(standkeepmind)大。下列動(dòng)詞可用動(dòng)名詞，也可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)forgettodo…忘記要做某事forgetdoing…忘記做了某事remembertodo…記住要做某事rememberdoing…記著做了某事meantodo…打算要做某事meandoing…意味著做某事regrettodo…對(duì)要做的事表示遺憾regretdoing…對(duì)做過(guò)的事后悔can’thelptodo…不能幫助做某事can’thelpdoing…情不自禁做某事trytodo…盡力去做某事trydoing試著做某事learntodo…學(xué)著去做某事learndoing…學(xué)會(huì)做某事stoptodo…停下來(lái)去做（另一件事）stopdoing…停止做某事goontodo…接著做（另外一件事）goondoing…繼續(xù)做某事usedtodo…過(guò)去做某事beusedtodoing…習(xí)慣做某事③特殊情況It…todoItishisjobtosleeponallkindsofbeds.It:形式主語(yǔ)，tosleeponallkindsofbeds真實(shí)主語(yǔ)。It作形式主語(yǔ)2014IIttookyearsofwork (reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthe形式主語(yǔ)：It，真實(shí)主語(yǔ)：toreducetheindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater。譯：減少工業(yè)污染，凈化水資源，需要花費(fèi)數(shù)年的努力。It’snecessaryfortheyoung (master)twoforeignlanguages.形式主語(yǔ)：It，真實(shí)主語(yǔ)：tomastertwoforeignlanguages。譯：對(duì)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，掌握兩種外語(yǔ)是必要的。It…(forsb.)todoit形式賓語(yǔ)Thisproblemisdifficult.譯：這道題很難。Ifinditdifficulttosolvethisproblem.譯：我覺(jué)得去解這道題很難。Itiseasyforyoutostartsmoking,butonceyoubecomeaddictedtoit,youmayfindithardforyou (quit)it.譯：對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)開(kāi)始抽煙很容易，但一旦你上癮了，你會(huì)覺(jué)得戒煙很難。ing&ed令人感到興趣interestinginterested興奮excitingexcited驚奇surprisingsurprised驚奇astonishingastonished震驚shockingshocked驚喜amazingamazed無(wú)聊boringbored尷尬embarrassingembarrassed失望disappointingdisappointed害怕frighteningfrightened（三）從句語(yǔ)法填空只考三大關(guān)系（狀語(yǔ)從句/并列句。關(guān)系二：名詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系三：動(dòng)詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（名詞性從句*怎么定義完整？（狀語(yǔ)從句/并列句）IwasgladtomeetJennyagain,butIdidn’twanttospendalldaywith連詞：連接兩個(gè)句子IwasgladtomeetJennyagain.Ididn’twanttospendalldaywith副詞：不能連接兩個(gè)句子①并列連詞：and,but,so,orTheydidn’tcatchthebus,sotheyhadtostayinahotelforthenight.Excusemeforbreakingin,butIhavesomeimportantnewsforyou.Putonyourovercoat,oryouwillcatchcold.②邏輯關(guān)系副詞：表轉(zhuǎn)折：however,nevertheless表遞進(jìn)：besides,moreover,furthermore,also表結(jié)果：thereforeRickwasverysuccessful.However,thelastfewyearsofhislifewerenothappyones.Heworkeddayandnight.Therefore,hewasabletobuythesportscar.Sheseemedtohavenodesiretogothere;Besides/moreover,herclotheswerenotgoodenough.③梳理狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀從連接詞：When,while,as,after,before,since,eversince,till,until,assoonas,everytime,once,eachtime,nexttime,themoment,bythetime,directly,immediately,instantly,thefirsttime,hardly…when,sosooner…than…….注意！時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：when,&while區(qū)別1：when從句動(dòng)詞延續(xù)/非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，while從句動(dòng)詞必須延續(xù)性。Whenshecamein,Istoppedeating.Whileweweretalking,theteachercamein.區(qū)別2：while還可以表示對(duì)比/轉(zhuǎn)折Ilikeplayingtennis,whileSuzylikesswimming.Theyweresurprisedthatachildshouldworkouttheproblem,whiletheythemselvescouldn’t.地點(diǎn)狀從連接詞：whereWemustcampwherewecangetwater.原因狀從連接詞：Becauseassince/nowthat…inthat….Asitwasraininghard,wehadtobeindoors.目的狀從連接詞：inorderthat/sothatforfearthat/incase目的狀從與非謂語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換Theywrotetothebossinorderthattheycouldimprovetheirworkingconditions.Theywrotetothebosstoimprovetheirworkingconditions.結(jié)果狀從連接詞：Sothatso…that/such…that條件狀從1條件狀從 真實(shí)/非真實(shí)條件句2連接詞：unless,onconditionthatsupposing,provided/providedthat讓步狀從連接詞：Though/although/evenif/eventhoughas、while（多用于句首）(2014全國(guó)卷IWhilethereareamazingstoriesofinstanttransformationformostofusthechangesaregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedJustbepatient.比較狀從as…as你的房間和我一樣大。roomisaslargeasmine.比較級(jí)比較Themore……,themore……書(shū)讀得越多，我們知道的就越多。Themorebooksweread,themoreweknow.方式狀從連接詞：asif/thoughasWemustdoastheteachertellsustodo.Leavethethingsastheyare.Theyignoredthesefactsasiftheyneverexisted.④關(guān)于從句你必須要知道！從句前面一般有連接詞；一個(gè)句子只有一個(gè)主句，可以有很多個(gè)從句。關(guān)系二：名詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（定語(yǔ)從句）①定語(yǔ)從句之啥叫定語(yǔ)？girl 啥叫定語(yǔ)：限定。abeautiful/angelicgirl,agirlinbeauty,agirlwhoisangelic.定語(yǔ)從句在名詞的后面。②你眼中應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)的定語(yǔ)從句題目：Asdf&*($#@&(_2354546436名詞 *&^%%$$^&*().A.where B.that C.who D.themIlikeAsdf&*($#@&(_2354546436 *&^%%$$^&*().A.where B.that C.who D.them空格前沒(méi)有名詞！ 這就不是定語(yǔ)從句！IlikeAsdf&*($#@&(_2354546436 *&^%%$$^&*().A.where B.that C.who D.themIwillneverforgetthedays westudiedIwillneverforgetthedays wespentclimbedtothetopofthemountain weregardasatoughclimbedtothetopofthemountain wesawthesunriseearlyinthemorning.③名詞可以是什么？who/whom/thatwhich/that。when/where/why。④定語(yǔ)從句的考點(diǎn)從句缺名詞：哪里能缺名詞？缺物：which/that缺人：who/whom/that不缺人和物：where/when/why1）N1+Vt/V表+N2.2）N1+Vi.3）N1+Vi+prep+N3.⑤附加小點(diǎn)：必須用that的6種情況例子:Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.Allthepresentsthatyourfriendsgaveyouonyourbirthdayshouldbeputaway.thetheonly修飾時(shí)。例子:ThisistheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.ThisisthelastplanethatwillgotoChina.例子ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatI’veeverseen.當(dāng)先行詞有人又有物時(shí)。例子:Jackandhisdogthatlookthesamearesinging.從句中缺表語(yǔ)時(shí)。例子:Itisnolongerthecitythatitwas.whichthat,避免重復(fù)。例子:Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory,whichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.關(guān)系三：動(dòng)詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（名詞性從句）①名詞性從句=在句子中充當(dāng)名詞的從句1.Whenwewillst