2023年GRE閱讀與托福閱讀的區(qū)別聯(lián)系

慎而思之，勤而行之。斯是陋室，惟吾德馨。第第2頁(yè)/共2頁(yè)精品文檔推薦2023年GRE閱讀與托福閱讀的區(qū)別聯(lián)系收拾為大家?guī)?lái)GRE閱讀與托福閱讀的區(qū)別聯(lián)系一文，巴望對(duì)大家GRE備考有所關(guān)心。更多出色盡請(qǐng)擔(dān)心學(xué)習(xí)啦!

GRE閱讀與托福閱讀的區(qū)別聯(lián)系

都知道托福和GRE是ETS的同胞兄弟，不少考生都想一勞永逸，兩個(gè)考試一次性拿下。夢(mèng)想很豐滿(mǎn)，現(xiàn)實(shí)卻骨干。兩個(gè)考試是徹低不同的方向，托福側(cè)重語(yǔ)言能力(重點(diǎn)落在聽(tīng)力)，而GRE則是赤裸裸能力考察(俗稱(chēng)考智商)。這注定兩門(mén)考試的備考和考點(diǎn)是迥異的。

但也無(wú)須灰心，畢竟一母同胞，再怎么不同也是有類(lèi)似點(diǎn)的。GRE的整體難度系數(shù)大概就是轉(zhuǎn)體三周半加托馬斯盤(pán)旋，而托福不過(guò)是轉(zhuǎn)體一周而已，所以不少學(xué)生會(huì)先決定GRE再?zèng)Q定托福，閱讀，詞匯和（作文）的整體難度都會(huì)感覺(jué)小不少。

那么，先決定托福，對(duì)于GRE有益處嗎?

——有，也能讓你一周內(nèi)就控制轉(zhuǎn)體三周半。

筆者（總結(jié)）了一下，托福和GRE中不少話題類(lèi)型和題目類(lèi)型是重復(fù)的，比如冰川，火星，maya水文明等話題都是類(lèi)似的。尤其是火星，托福中有三篇考察火星的（文章），分離是關(guān)于TPO8(火星上的流水)，TPO16(太陽(yáng)系中的行星)，TPO25(火星表面)其中，火星地表特征這一篇在GRE中也有考察。

對(duì)照一下會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，文章是有頗多信息是相關(guān)并且類(lèi)似的。比如都在探討火星的地表特征，洼陷的地貌;造成這種地貌的緣故是什么。詳細(xì)來(lái)說(shuō)，托福商議火星地表的多個(gè)地表特征(地表上類(lèi)似火山的特征以及地表上各種坑)，并且針對(duì)坑的形成有比較詳細(xì)的內(nèi)容描述。GRE只針對(duì)一個(gè)特征(火星北部的低洼地表)舉行陳述，重點(diǎn)落在探討形成這個(gè)地表特征的緣故。

兩者的差異可以從兩個(gè)角度來(lái)看，一方面是文章的行文重點(diǎn)。托福因?yàn)槲恼峦ǔＴ?00-700字之間，有大量的細(xì)節(jié)和論證過(guò)程。文章許多在說(shuō)明火星表面的坑的形成緣故(和干燥氣候有關(guān))，坑能夠供養(yǎng)的信息(星球的年紀(jì)和地表情況)，沒(méi)有很顯然的觀點(diǎn)對(duì)照或者態(tài)度變化。簡(jiǎn)言之，好似一篇（說(shuō)明文）。而GRE文章說(shuō)明性?xún)?nèi)容很少(僅僅第一段推薦火星北部地表情況)第二段開(kāi)始就是不同的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)解釋火星北部的低洼地表，其中有邏輯關(guān)系詞However表明觀點(diǎn)的變化，以及指示態(tài)度的展示。觀點(diǎn)變化和態(tài)度，就是GRE的重點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn)。

另一方面，是選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置。因?yàn)橥懈５奈恼轮屑?xì)節(jié)比較多，所以細(xì)節(jié)題的考察也是比較多的，比如下面這個(gè)考題：

ThedetailedappearanceofMartianimpactcratersprovidesanimportantpieceofinformationaboutconditionsjustbelowtheplanet’ssurface.Martiancratersaresurroundedbyejecta(debrisformedasaresultofanimpact)thatlooksquitedifferentfromitslunarcounterparts.AcomparisonoftheCopernicuscraterontheMoonwiththe(fairlytypical)craterYutyonMarsdemonstratesthedifferences.Theejectasurroundingthelunarcraterisjustwhatonewouldexpectfromanexplosionejectingalargevolumeofdust,soil,andboulders.■However,theejectaonMarsgivesthedistinctimpressionofaliquidthathassplashedorflowedoutofcrater.■Geologiststhinkthatthisfluidizedejectacraterindicatesthatalayerofpermafrost,orwaterice,liesjustafewmetersunderthesurface.■Explosiveimpactsheatedandliquefiedtheice,resultinginthefluidappearanceoftheejecta.

12.Accordingtoparagraph6,theejectaofMars’scraterYutydiffersfromtheejectaoftheMoon’sCopernicuscraterinthattheejectaoftheYutycrater

○Hasnowbecomepartofapermafrostlayer

○Containsalargevolumeofdust,soilandboulders

○Suggeststhatliquidoncecameoutofthesurfaceatthecratersite

○Wasthrownacomparativelylongdistancefromthecenterofthecrater

針對(duì)段落中的火星的坑Yuty的噴出物和月亮的坑的噴出物的區(qū)別舉行考察，根據(jù)題干中詳細(xì)的對(duì)照對(duì)象描述可以定位原文（句子），大概是

“AcomparisonoftheCopernicuscraterontheMoonwiththe(fairlytypical)craterYutyonMarsdemonstratesthedifferences.Theejectasurroundingthelunarcraterisjustwhatonewouldexpectfromanexplosionejectingalargevolumeofdust,soil,andboulders.However,theejectaonMarsgivesthedistinctimpressionofaliquidthathassplashedorflowedoutofcrater.”

再根據(jù)題干的問(wèn)題點(diǎn)是落腳在theejectaofYutycrater，也就是火星上的噴出物，所以詳細(xì)是“However,theejectaonMarsgivesthedistinctimpressionofaliquidthathassplashedorflowedoutofcrater.”這句話，即然而，火星的噴出物明確表明是從坑里流出或者濺出的液體。最臨近的選項(xiàng)就是CSuggeststhatliquidoncecameoutofthesurfaceatthecratersite表明從坑表面出來(lái)的液體。準(zhǔn)確!

GRE的文章中也有類(lèi)似的考題

Whataccountsforthelow-lying,……

IsMars’snorthsimilarlycharacterizedbyasortofcrustdifferentfromotherareasoftheplanet?Someresearchersdoseesignsoftectonicactivitysurroundingthenorthernbasinthatsuggestthatitwascreatedthroughtheformationofnewcrust,likeoceanbasinsonEarth.However,McGillpointstoNorthernbedrockstructuresthatpredatethefeaturessaidtomarkthestartofthetectonicprocess.McGillinsteadbelievesthatthroughsomenovelmechanismtheancientsurfacesanktoitscurrentdepthasasingleunit.Thiswouldexplainwhyfeaturesaroundthebasin’sedge,whichwouldhaveformedasthesurfacedropped,seemtobeyoungerthanstructuresatitsfloor.Thethirdpossibilityisthat…...

Aspresentedinthepassage,McGill’saccountoftheformationofMars’snorthernbasindiffersfromtheothermentionedinthatitalone

A.explainstheformationofcertainnorthernbedrockfeatures

B.doesnotspecifytheforcethatcausedthenorthernbasintobelowerthanitssurroundings

C.takesthenorthernbasintobealandformthatisnotanalogoustoanyfoundonEarth

D.deniesthatfeaturesaroundthenorthernbasinaretheresultoftectonicactivity

E.attributesthecreationofthenorthernlowlandstoprocessesoccurringwithintheplanet

沒(méi)有詳細(xì)指代段落了，根據(jù)題干中M的名字進(jìn)而定位文章內(nèi)容。題干的核心在于M的解釋和別的解釋的不同之處，那么就是尋找原文M的獨(dú)到觀點(diǎn)，即“McGillinsteadbelievesthatthroughsomenovelmechanismtheancientsurfacesanktoitscurrentdepthasasingleunit.”。相反，M認(rèn)為通過(guò)一些清新的機(jī)制，以前的表面沉降到現(xiàn)在的深度是單一事件。GRE選項(xiàng)和托福的選項(xiàng)有很大區(qū)別，選項(xiàng)不是原文句子的直接轉(zhuǎn)寫(xiě)了。根據(jù)文意，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤，并沒(méi)有解釋特定的基層的特點(diǎn)。B準(zhǔn)確，文中只提及M認(rèn)為有清新的機(jī)制，并沒(méi)有詳細(xì)說(shuō)是什么機(jī)制，選項(xiàng)符合。C，根據(jù)文意，地形上有類(lèi)似于地球的海洋盆地，這個(gè)選項(xiàng)本身也不符合題干。D，否認(rèn)北部盆地特點(diǎn)是由地殼活動(dòng)造成的。文中M并沒(méi)有否認(rèn)，只是指出了證據(jù)上的不可靠性，所以C是錯(cuò)誤的。E，將北部低地是由行星內(nèi)的過(guò)程形成，文中M并沒(méi)有這么表明，錯(cuò)誤。需要根據(jù)文意，加以提煉和總結(jié)，得到答案是B。

控制好這兩個(gè)考試的相似和區(qū)別，天然能夠知道大哥GRE和小弟托福是各有分工各司其職，但偶爾也有小交集。抓好交集，厘清差異，大哥小弟就可以一起飛啦!

托福閱讀真題練習(xí)：租金管制

托福閱讀文本：

Rentcontrolisthesystemwherebythelocalgovernmenttellsbuildingownershowmuchtheycanchargetheirtenantsinrent.IntheUnitedStates,rentcontrolsdatebacktoatleastWorldWarII.

In1943thefederalgovernmentimposedrentcontrolstohelpsolvetheproblemofhousingshortagesduringwartime.Thefederalprogramendedafterthewar,butinsomelocations,includingNewYorkCity,controlscontinued.UnderNewYorkscontrols,alandlordgenerallycannotraiserentsonapartmentsaslongasthetenantscontinuetorenewtheirleases.InplacessuchasSantaMonica,California,rentcontrolsaremorerecent.Theywerespurredbytheinflationofthe1970s,which,combinedwithCaliforniasrapidpopulationgrowth,pushedhousingprices,aswellasrents,torecordlevels.In1979SantaMonicasmunicipalgovernmentorderedlandlordstorollbacktheirrentstothelevelschargedin1978.Futurerentscouldonlygoupbytwo-thirdsasmuchasanyincreaseintheoverallpricelevel.

Inanyhousingmarket,rentalpricesperformthreefunctions:(1)promotingtheefficientmaintenanceofexistinghousingandstimulatingtheconstructionofnewhousing,(2)allocatingexistingscarcehousingamongcompetingclaimants,and(3)rationinguseofexistinghousingbypotentialrenters.

Oneresultofrentcontrolisadecreaseintheconstructionofnewrentalunits.Rentcontrolshaveartificiallydepressedthemostimportantlong-termdeterminantofprofitability—rents.Considersomeexamples.InarecentyearinDallas,Texas,witha16percentrentalvacancyratebutnorentcontrollaws,11,000newhousingunitswerebuilt.Inthesameyear,inSanFrancisco,California,only2,000unitswerebuilt.Themajordifference?SanFranciscohasonlya1.6percentvacancyratebutstringentrentcontrollaws.InNewYorkCity,exceptforgovernment-subsidizedconstruction,theonlyrentalunitsbeingbuiltareluxuryunits,whichareexemptfromcontrols.InSantaMonica,California,newapartmentsarenotbeingconstructed.Newofficerentalspaceandcommercialdevelopmentsare,however.Theyareexemptfromrentcontrols.

托福閱讀題目：

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

(A)TheconstructionofapartmentsintheUnitedStates.

(B)Causesandeffectsofrentcontrol

(C)Thefluctuationsofrentalprices

(D)TheshortageofaffordablehousingintheUnitedStates.

2.ThewordTheyinline9refersto

(A)thetenants

(B)theirleases

(C)places

(D)rentcontrols.

3.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTareasonfortheintroductionofrentcontrolsinSantaMonica,

California?

(A)rapidpopulationgrowth

(B)inflation

(C)economicconditionsduringwartime

(D)record-highhousingprices

4.Thephraserollbackinline11isclosestinmeaningto

(A)credit

(B)measure

(C)vary

(D)reduce

5.Thewordstimulatinginline15isclosestinmeaningto

(A)experimentingwith

(B)identifying

(C)estimating

(D)encouraging

6.Itcanbeinferredthatthepurposeofrentcontrolisto

(A)protecttenants

(B)promoteconstruction

(C)increasevacancyrates

(D)decreasesalesofrentalunits

7.Theworddepressedinline19isclosestinmeaningto

(A)saddened

(B)created

(C)lowered

(D)defeated

8.Theinformationinthelastparagraphsupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

(A)SanFranciscohaseliminateditsrentcontrollaws.

(B)Rentcontrolleadstoareductionintheconstructionofhousingunits

(C)Luxuryapartmentsarerarelybuiltwhenthereisrentcontrol

(D)Thereisagrowingneedforgovernment-subsidizedhousing.

9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcitiesdoesNOTcurrentlyhaverentcontrols?

(A)SantaMonica

(B)Dallas

(C)SanFrancisco

(D)NewYorkCity

10.Thewordstringentinline23isclosestinmeaningto

(A)straightforward

(B)strict

(C)expanded

(D)efficient

11.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTexemptfromrentcontrol?

(A)Luxuryapartments

(B)Commercialdevelopment

(C)Moderatelypricedapartments

(D)Officespace.

托福（閱讀答案）：

BDCDDACBBBC

托福閱讀真題練習(xí)：蝴蝶

托福閱讀文本：

Butterfliesareamongthemostextensivelystudiedinsects—itisestimatedthat90percentoftheworldsspecieshavescientificnames.Asaconsequence,theyareperhapsthebestgroupofinsectsforexaminingpatternsofterrestrialbioticdiversityanddistribution.Butterfliesalsohaveafavorableimagewiththegeneralpublic.Hence,theyareanexcellentgroupforcommunicatinginformationonscienceandconservationissuessuchasdiversity.

Perhapstheaspectofbutterflydiversitythathasreceivedthemostattentionoverthepastcenturyisthestrikingdifferenceinspeciesrichnessbetweentropicalandtemperateregions.Forexample,in1875onebiologistpointedoutthediversityofbutterfliesintheAmazonwhenhementionedthatabout700specieswerefoundwithinanhourswalk,whereasthetotalnumberfoundontheBritishislandsdidnotexceed66,andthewholeofEuropesupportedonly321.Thisearlycomparisonoftropicalandtemperatebutterflyrichnesshasbeenwellconfirmed.

Ageneraltheoryofdiversitywouldhavetopredictnotonlythisdifferencebetweentemperateandtropicalzones,butalsopatternswithineachregion,andhowthesepatternsvaryamongdifferentanimalandplantgroups.However,forbutterflies,variationofspeciesrichnesswithintemperateortropicalregions,rathermanbetweenthem,ispoorlyunderstood.Indeed,comparisonsofnumbersofspeciesamongtheAmazonbasin,tropicalAsia,andAfricaarestillmostlypersonalcommunicationcitations,evenforvertebrates.Inotherwords,unlikecomparisonbetweentemperateandtropicalareas,thesepatternsarestillinthedocumentationphase.

Indocumentinggeographicalvariationinbutterflydiversity,somearbitrary,practicaldecisionsaremade.Diversity,numberofspecies,andspeciesrichnessareusedsynonymously;littleisknownabouttheevennessofbutterflydistribution.TheNewWorldbutterfliesmakeupthepreponderanceofexamplesbecausetheyarethemostfamiliarspecies.Itishopedthatbyfocusingonthem,theerrorsgeneratedbyimperfectandincompletetaxonomywillbeminimized.

托福閱讀題目：

1.Whichaspectofbutterfliesdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

(A)Theirphysicalcharacteristics

(B)Theirnames

(C)Theiradaptationtodifferenthabitats

(D)Theirvariety

2.Thewordconsequenceinline2isclosestinmeaningto

(A)result

(B)explanation

(C)analysis

(D)requirement

3.Butterfliesareagoodexampleforcommunicatinginformationaboutconservationissues

becausethey

(A)aresimpleinstructure

(B)areviewedpositivelybypeople

(C)havebeengivenscientificnames

(D)arefoundmainlyintemperateclimates

4.Thewordstrikinginline8isclosestinmeaningto

(A)physical

(B)confusing

(C)noticeable

(D)successful

5.Thewordexceedinline11isclosestinmeanin