2014年全國(guó)高考英語試題及答案新課標(biāo)

語英第一節(jié)（15小題;語英第一節(jié)（15小題;345分閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、 和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在題卡ATheCambridgeScienceFestivalCuriosityDaretoTaketheCuriosityTheCambridgeScienceFestival(CSF)ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityandhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture,writeanarticle,takeaphotoorwriteapoemthatshowswhattheyarecuriousabout.Toenterthechallenge,allartworkorpiecesofwritingshouldbesenttotheCambridgeScienceFestival,MITMuseum,265MassAvenue.StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday,April21st.Guestspeakerswillalsopresentprizestothestudents.Winningentrieswillbepublishedinabook.Studententrieswillexhibitedandprizeswillbegiven.Familiesofthosewhotakepartwillbeincludedincelebrationandbrunchwillbeserved.BetweenMarch10thandMarch15h,eachwinnerwillbegiventhespecificsoftheclosingceremonyandtheCuriosityChallengecelebration.Theprogramguidelinesandotherrelatedinformationareavailableat:http://.21.WhocantakepartintheCuriosityA.SchoolB.CambridgeC.CSFD.MIT22.Whenwilltheprize-givingceremonybeA.OnFebruaryB.OnMarchC.OnMarchD.OnApril23.WhattypeofwritingisthisA.AnexhibitionB.AnartshowC.AnD.AnofficialBPassengerpigeons(旅鴿)onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)solargethattheycoveredtheskyforhours.Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billlionpassengerpigeons—anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles(about515kilometers)longwasseennearSadlytheabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdswereabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasanever-lastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.huntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury,thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmerican’sneedforwood,whichscattered(驅(qū)散)theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeonsbutbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,24.Inthe18thandearly19tehcenturies,passengerpigeonsA.werethebiggestbirdintheC.didgreatharmtothenaturalB.livedmainlyinthesouthofD.werethelargestbirdpopulationinthe25.Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons’ A.B.C.D.26.WhatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerA.ToseekB.TosaveotherC.TomakeD.Toprotect27.WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinA.ItwasignoredbytheC.ItwasB.ItwasdeclaredtooD.ItwasCAtypicalliontamer（馴獸師）inpeople’smindisanentertainerholdingawhip(鞭)andachair.Thewhipgetsalloftheattention,butit’smostlyforshow.Inreality,it’thechairthatdoestheimportantwork.Whenaliontamerholdsachairinfrontofthelion’sface,theliontriestofocusonallfourlegsofthechairatthesametime.Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.Whenfacedwithsomanyoptions,thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadofattackingthemanholdingthechair.Howoftendoyoufindyourselfinthesamepositionasthelion?Howoftendoyouhavesomethingyouwanttoachieve(e.g.loseweight,startabusiness,travelmore)—onlytoendupconfusedbyalloftheoptionsinfrontofyouandnevermakeprogress?Thisupsetsmetonoendbecausewhilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingaboutwhichoptionisbest,thepeoplewhowanttoimprovetheirlivesareleftconfusedbyalloftheconflictinginformation.Theendresultisthatwefeellikewecan’t’focusorthatwe’refocusedonthewrongthings,andsowetakelessaction,makelessprogress,andstaythesamewhenwecouldbeimproving.Itdoesn’thavetobethatway.Anytimeyoufindtheworldwavingachairinyourface,rememberthis:Allyouneedtodoisfocusononething.Youjustneedtogetstarted.Startingbeforeyoufeelreadyisoneofthehabitsofsuccessfulpeople.Ifyouhavesomewhereyouwanttogo,somethingyouwanttoaccomplish,someoneyouwanttobecome…takeimmediateaction.Ifyou’reclearaboutwhereyouwanttogo,therestoftheworldwilleitherhelpyougetthereorgetoutoftheway.28.WhydoestheliontameruseaA.TotricktheC.TogetreadyforaB.A.TotricktheC.TogetreadyforaB.ToshowoffhisD.Toentertainthe29.InwhatsensearepeoplesimilartoalionfacingaA.TheyfeelpuzzledoverC.TheyfindithardtomakeB.TheyholdontothewrongD.Theyhavetodosomethingfor30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheexpertmentionedinA.B.C.D.31.Whentheworldis“wavingachairinyourface”,you’readvisedto A.waitforabetterC.makeaquickB.breakyouroldD.askforclearDAsmoreandmorepeoplespeakthegloballanguagesofEnglish,Chinese,Spanish,andArabic,otherlanguagesarerapidlydisappearing.Infact,halfofthe6,000-7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldtodaywilllikelydieoutbythenextcentury,accordingtotheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO).Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations—UNESCOandNationalGeographicamongthem—haveformanyyearsbeendocumentingdyinglanguagesandtheculturestheyMarkTurin,ascientistattheMacmillanCentreYaleUniversity,whospecializesinthelanguagesandoraltraditionsoftheHimalayas,isfollowinginthattradition.Hisrecentlypublishedbook,AGrammarofThangmiwithanEthnolinguisticIntroductiontotheSpeakersandTheirCulture,growsoutofhisexperienceliving,working,andraisingafamilyinavillageinNepal.DocumentingtheThangmilanguageandcultureisjustastartingpointforTurin,whoseekstoincludeotherlanguagesandoraltraditionsacrosstheHimalayanreachesofIndia,Nepal,Bhutan,andChina.Butheisnotcontenttosimplyrecordthesevoicesbeforetheydisappearwithoutrecord.AttheUniversityofCambridgeTurindiscoveredawealthofimportantmaterials—includingphotographs,films,taperecordings,andfieldnotes—whichhadremainedunstudiedandwerebadlyinneedofcareandprotection.Now,throughthetwoorganizationsthathehasfounded–theDigitalHimalayaProjectandtheWorldOralLiteratureProject—Turinhasstartedacampaigntomakesuchdocuments,fortheworldavailablenotjusttoscholarsbuttotheyoungergenerationsofcommunitiesfromwhomthematerialswereoriginallycollected.ThankstodigitaltechnologyandthewidelyavailableInternet,Turinnotes,theendangeredlanguagescanbesavedandreconnectedwithspeechcommunities.32.Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto A.promoteglobalC.searchforlanguageB.rescuedisappearingD.setuplanguageresearch33.Whatdoes“thattradition’inParagraph3referA.HavingfullrecordsoftheC.Tellingstoriesaboutlanguage34.WhatisTurin’sbookbasedA.TheculturalB.WritingbooksonlanguageD.LivingwiththenativeB.ThedocumentsavailableatC.HislanguageresearchinD.Hispersonalexperiencein35.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeTurin’sC.HislanguageresearchinD.Hispersonalexperiencein35.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeTurin’sA.Write,sellandC.Collect,protectandB.Record,repairandD.Design,experimentand分Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented. willservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.1.ByhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsYourchildrenneedtobedeeplyAskkids,“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddmakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”andthentrythemout.Ingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?Whatcouldwetrynexttime?2.TruecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingTherearedozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.3.PersonalUnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.Weknowwhat’sgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingto“Whydoyouthinkshe’scrying?”“Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbyathisface?”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyou4.SelfYoumayfindthatyourchildisattractedbyonemorethanEncouragekidstocookwithAndwecan’tforgetscienceWecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewSohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetGardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisWecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinBeingabletocommunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutine(常規(guī)Asamatteroffact,wecanseemorning,childrenareexcitedatworkinpeopleof .Forexample,onwiththeirnewtoys.ButsoonwearsoffandJanuarytoyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement.Theworldisfullinterest.stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttoparentsbringhomeapet,theirbathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,ofcaringfortheparentsbringhomeapet,theirbathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,ofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.Adolescentsenterhighschoolwithbutaresoonlookingforward .Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtocollege.Andhow whonowcomplain抱怨aboutthelongdrivestodroveforhoursatatimewhentheytheirdriver’slicense(執(zhí)照)?Beforepeopleretire, todoalotthings,whichtheynevertodowhileworking.afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasasthejobsA.A.A.A.A..And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfor B.B.B.B.B.B.colorfully-B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.C.C.C.C.C.C.newly-C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.D.D.D.D.D.D.half-D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.A.well-A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.II0.5毫米黑色筆跡的簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分55分）AreyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletoIn1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRiverCleveland,Ohio.unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthat (actual)caughtandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisone mostoutstandingexamplesofButtheriverwasn’tchangedinafewevenafewmonths.Ittookyearsof(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewatertheriver (clean)thanMaybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouhaveaisdrivingyourcrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon’tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufaceanimpossiblesituation,don’tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeWhilethere (amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofus (change)gradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Just 字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用(＼)劃掉。Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherry（圣女果）inourbackgarden,sincethen---foralltheseyear---wehadbeenallowingtomatoestoselfseedwheretheyplease.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewh