分析案例文件

BusinessEnglishUnitUnitThisunitfocusesonBusinessEnglishUnitUnitThisunitfocusesonskillsneededtoeffectivelymanageandimprovecashflowandtogetthebestdealofbusinessexpenses.Somebasiccashflowandbusinessexpensesvocabularyandinformationareintroducedanddiscussedhereincluding:identifyingandclosingcashflowgap,writingcashbudget,makingsuggestionsonimprovingcashflow,claimingexpenses,andmakingpresentationsregardingcuttingbusinessTopic1CashFlowInthistopic,thecommoncashflowproblemsareintroduced,andthenyoulookspecificallyathowtoidentifyandthenbridgethecashflowgap.Youalsolearntoprepareandcreateacashbudget.Thisisfollowedbydiscussinghowtomakeeffectivesuggestionsonimprovingcashflow.ListeningCashFlowBytheendofthisactivity,youshouldgainedagoodunderstandingofthecommoncashflowdevelopedvocabularyrelatedtocashflowproblems;andimprovedlisteningskillsandcomprehensioninbusinesssituationsrelatedtoidentifyingcashflowgaps.Task1DoyoumakethesedeadlycashflowChoosetheonesthatmayresultincashflowCashisKingandthelastthingyourbusinessneedsisaproblemwithcashflow.Cashflowisthelifebloodtothesuccessorfailureofyourcompany.Oneofthebiggestreasonsbusinessesfailisbecausetheyrunoutofworkingcapital.Belowisalistofactionsinbusiness,amongwhichthereare5deadlymistakescreatingcashflowproblems.Figurethemouttoavoidmakingfuturemistakes.GrantingcreditwithoutwisecreditFocusingonprofitinsteadofcashInvestingsurpluscashtoearnarateofBusinessEnglishUnitUsingthe“FlybytheseatofyourBusinessEnglishUnitUsingthe“Flybytheseatofyourpants<V>”accountingBorrowingcashatthebestpossibleForgettingyourdebttoDelayingcashoutflowsuntiltheycomeIgnoringtherelationshipbetweenreceivables<V>andpayables LettersC,EandGwouldnotcreatecashflowproblems.Instead,effectivewaystomanageandimprovecashflow.theyThedeadlycashflowMismanagingcredithasahugeinfluenceonyourcashflow.Youputyourselfintoacashflowcrunch<V>thatcouldtakemonthsoryearstorecoverfromfinancially.Focusingonprofitinsteadofcashflowdoesgreatharmtoyourcompany.Forthesmallbusiness,cashflowistheultimategoal.Nocashflow,nobusiness.Usingthe“flybytheseatofyourpants”accountingmethodhasadisastrousimpactonyourbusiness’scashflow.Whenyouhaveavaguefeelingthatsomeone,somewhereowesyoumoneybut,youjustcan’trememberwhoitis,you’llalwaysbeoperatinginthedarkandinSomebillslikesalestaxandpayrolltaxesareeasytoforget.Theydon’thavetobepaidrightaway.Butwhenthey’redueandyoudon’thavethemoneytopaythem,thenyou’reinhotwaterandcashflowproblemsresultasyourobPetertopayPaul<V>.Ifyourreceivablescan’tbepaidjustintimeforyoutopayyourpayables,chancesare<V>you’llneverseethecash.CashflowFillintheAcashflowgapreferstothedifferencebetweencashinflowsandcashoutflowsinadefinedtimeperiod,itisalsocalledaliquidity<V>gap.SunriseFurniture,asmallcompanyinNewYork,makescustomfurnitureforprofessionaldecorators.ThemanagerJohnsonistalkingaboutthecashflowproblemhe’sjustmet.Listentohistalk,andfillintheblankswiththeexactfiguresyouhaveBusinessEnglishUnit(1)Onthefirstday,Ireceive downpayment.IpaythematerialpricedBusinessEnglishUnit(1)Onthefirstday,Ireceive downpayment.Ipaythematerialpricedat$2,500onday(2)Onday14and28,wagespaidtotheemployees, eachday.anda percent(4)Thecustomeristhenbilledgivencredittermsof30days.(3)9furniturelater,onday37,installed,withondayIlaborcostsof (5)Thecashflowgapopensday7,andwidensto day37.(1)$1,000;(2)$(3)$(4)$(5)$Themoneyintheblanksisrelatedtothecashinfloworoutflowoncertaindays.Acashflowgapoccurswhenthecashinflowsandoutflowsdon’tkeeppacewitheachother.Task3IdentifyingthecashflowCompletethegridandbarThegraphic,illustratingthecashfloweffectsofthesalefromstarttofinish,willhelpyouidentifythecashflowgap.Thetransaction<V>includestheinflowandoutflowofthecash,andthebalanceisthedifferencebetweenthetwo.BusinessEnglishUnitAfterlisteningtothecasestudyinTask2,whatdoyouknowaboutthecashflowReplacethequestionmarkswiththeFurnitureandcompletethebarrmationyouhavegotabouttheDayDay——Day—Day—Day -------$— Day DayDayDay DayDayBusinessEnglishUnitAfterlisteningtothecasestudyinTask2,whatdoyouknowaboutthecashflowReplacethequestionmarkswiththeFurnitureandcompletethebarrmationyouhavegotabouttheDayDay——Day—Day—Day -------$— Day DayDayDay DayDayDay7DayDayDayKeyconcepts&KeyCashflowgap:Thedifferencebetweencashinflowsandcashoutflowsinadefinedtimeperiod.Alsocalledliquiditygap.BusinessEnglishUnitTask2:SunriseFurnitureCashBusinessEnglishUnitTask2:SunriseFurnitureCashFlowIemploytwopeopleandpaythemeverytwoweeks.Whenacustomerplacesanorderforapieceoffurniture,Ireceivea10percentdownpayment<V>ofthetotalsalesprice.Thecustomeristhenbilledfortheremainder<V>ofthesaleafterthefurnitureiscompletedanddelivered.Onthefirstday,Ireceivethe$1,000downpayment.Ipaythematerialpriced$2,500onday7andenjoya2percentdiscount<V>sinceIpayitwithin10Onday14and28,thewagesarepaid,$1,200foreachday.9dayslater,onday37,thefurnitureisinstalled,withfurtherlaborcostsof$500.Thecustomeristhenbilledandgivencredittermsof30days.Finally,onday67,Ireceivethebalanceof$9,000.Thecashflowgapopensonday7,andwidensto$4,200byday37.ThismeansIhavetofinance<V>,andpossiblypayintereston,the$4,200for30daysuntilthecustomerpaysthefinal$9,000.Yousee,themorewesell,thelesscashwehave.Discover5CommonCausesofCashFlowAfinancialconsultantisdeliveringacashflowtrainingBeforeitistoolate,you’dbetteridentifythefollowing5commoncausesofcashflowchancesare…:有可能crunch(n.)破裂，碎裂discount(n.):折扣downpayment(n.):finance(v.):flybytheseatofyourpants:憑感覺做事liquidity(n.)：清償能力，變現(xiàn)速度payables(n.):應(yīng)付款項receivables(n.):remainder(n.):robPetertopayPaul:拆東墻補(bǔ)西墻transaction(n.):交易BusinessEnglishUnitFirst,youmaylackofpaymentBusinessEnglishUnitFirst,youmaylackofpaymenttermdiscounts.Waitingforacustomertopayonceyouhavedeliveredaproductorcompletedaservicecancostyourbusinessvaluablemoney.Offeryourcustomersatermdiscountsuchas2%net10or1%net5inordertoencouragethemtomaketheirpaymentsquickertoreceiveadiscount.Second,youmaylackoftracking.Trackingyourbusinessresultsiscrucialtoitsoverallsuccess.Installtrackingsystemsintheareasofyourbusinesswhereyoucanimprovecashflowsuchasinventorymanagement,supplyorderingandprocurementtoreducewasteandimproveturnaroundtimes.Third,youmightfailtoperformnewclientcreditchecks.Ensurethatyournewclientshavecreditchecksbeforeyourbusinessshipsoutproducttoavoidanuntimelypaymentorapaymentdefaultfromabusinesswithapoorcredithistory.Fourth,youmaylackofcreditinsurance.Failuretohavecreditinsurance,especiallywhenworkingwithcustomersinternationally,cancausethebusinesstolosesubstantialcashflowifthecustomerisslowtopayordefaults.Internationalcustomersarealsomorechallengingtotakefinancialactionagainst.Finally,slowproductorserviceturnaroundtimesismade.ShortenthedeliverytimesofyourproductsorservicestoyourcustomerstomaximizethelevelofpotentialReadingBridgingCashFlowBytheendofthisactivity,youshouldgainedanunderstandingofwhysmallbusinessesfail;developedvocabularyrelatedtoit;improvedreadingskillsandcomprehensioninbusinesssituationsrelatedtobridgingcashflowgaps;andlearnedthereasonofintentionalcashflowTask1WhysmallbusinessesWriteyouranswerstothefollowingquestioninthegivenAccordingtotheSmallBusinessAdministration,two-thirdsofnewbusinessessurviveforatleasttwoyears,andonly44percentsurviveatleastfouryears.Whydosomebusinessesfail?Pleaselistthreereasons.BusinessEnglishUnit(1) (2) (3) EachofBusinessEnglishUnit(1) (2) (3) Eachofyouwillhaveadifferentanswertothistask.Thefollowingaresomeofthefactorsthatmayresultinthedeathofasmallbusiness:Cashflowproblems;Poorexecution<V>andinternalcontrols;Aninadequatebusinessplan;Failuretochangewiththetimes;Underestimating<V>thecompetitionClosingthecashflowReadthefollowingarticleandmarkthestatementstrueorAcashflowgapwillleaveyourbusinessshortofcash.Thisisanespeciallycommonproblemforsmallbusinesses,wherecopious<V>cashoutflowsmayrepeatedlyprecede<V>cashinflows;allkindsofexpenses,frompurchasingmaterialsnecessarytodotheworkthroughlicensingorpermitfees,mayhavetobepaidoutbeforeyoursmallbusinessgetspaidfortheworkcompleted.Thisarticlelistssomestrategiestosolvethisproblem.Afterreadingit,decidewhetherthestatementsthatfollowaretrueorfalse.Write“T”fortrueor“F”forfalseonthelinebeforeeachstatement.HowdoyouclosethiscashflowgapandkeepyourbusinesssolventOneoftheeasiestwaystomonitoryourbusiness’cashflowistocomparethetotalunpaidpurchasestothetotalsalesdue<V>attheendofeachmonth.Ifthetotalunpaidpurchasesaregreaterthanthetotalsalesdue,you’llneedtospendmorecashthanyoureceiveinthenextmonth,indicatingapotentialcashflowproblem.BusinessEnglishUnitTakestepstoshortenyourcashflowconversion<V>period,soyourbusinesscanbringinmoneyfaster.Thesestepsmayinclude:Preparingcustomerinvoicesimmediatelyupondeliveryofyourgoodsorservicestothecustomer.Ifyouwaittoprepareyourinvoices<V>attheendofthemonth,forexample,youmaybeaddingasmanyas30extradaystoyourcashflowconversionMonitoringyourcustomers’BusinessEnglishUnitTakestepstoshortenyourcashflowconversion<V>period,soyourbusinesscanbringinmoneyfaster.Thesestepsmayinclude:Preparingcustomerinvoicesimmediatelyupondeliveryofyourgoodsorservicestothecustomer.Ifyouwaittoprepareyourinvoices<V>attheendofthemonth,forexample,youmaybeaddingasmanyas30extradaystoyourcashflowconversionMonitoringyourcustomers’useofcreditandadjustingtheircreditlimitsOfferingcustomersadiscountforpayingtheirinvoicesearly.Forinstance,ifyourusualpolicyistohavepaymentsduein30days,offerasmalldiscountsuchas2percenttocustomerswhopaywithin14days.Establishingadepositpolicyforworksinprogress.Forexample,ifyoudeliveraservice,suchassoftwaredevelopment,homerepair,orlandscaping,youcanadoptapolicythatcustomerspayacertainpercentageofthetotalinvoiceupfrontbeforethejobbegins.Trackingyourpast-dueaccountsandactivelypursuingcollections.Mostaccountingsoftwareprogramsletyoueasilytrackpast-dueaccounts,butyoualsoneedtohaveaclearprocessforpursuingcollections.Suchaprocessmightinvolvesendingoutaseriesofletterslettingyourcustomerknowthathisorheraccountispastdueandwhatstepswillfollowifheorshedoesnotpay,suchasturningtheaccountovertoacollectionYouhavetohavemoneycominginregularlytomaintainanadequatecashflowforyourbusiness,notjustendlesslystreamingout.Monitoringyourcashflowandtakingstepstoshortenyourcashflowconversionperiodwillgoalongwaytowardseliminating<V>thosedangerouscashflowgaps. (1)Ifyoupaycloseattentiontoyourcashflow,youcansolvepotentialcashflowproblems. (2)Weshouldcomparethetotalunpaidpurchasestothetotalsalesdueattheendofeachmonth. (3)Ifthetotalsalesduearegreaterthanthetotalunpaidpurchases,apotentialcashproblemarises. (4)You’dbetterpreparecustomerinvoices (5)Adjustingcustomers’creditlimitsaccordinglyis (6)Don’tgivecustomerswhopaytheirinvoicesearlya (7)It’saneffectivewaytosetupadeposit (8)Alltheaccountingsoftwareprogramsenableyoutotrackpast-due (9)Youdon’tneedtohaveaclearprocessforpursuing (10)YoushouldhavemoneycominginBusinessEnglishUnit(1)(6)(3)BusinessEnglishUnit(1)(6)(3)(8)(4)(9)(5)(10)Thekeytoreducethecashflowgapistogiveyourcustomerseasierwaystopayyouontime.YoucanoffercustomersarangeofpaymentoptionslikecreditTask3IntentionalcashflowChoosethebestanswerfromA,BandCashoutflowsandinflowsrarely,ifever,occuratthesametime.Moreoftenthannot,cashinflowslagbehindyourcashoutflows,leavingyourbusinessshortofmoneyonoccasion.Anybusiness,largeorsmall,mayexperienceacashflowgapfromtimetoAfterreadingthearticleinTask2,youmusthavelearnedseveraltipstofillcashflowgaps.Butdoyouknowsomecashflowgapsarecreatedintentionally?Thatis,abusinesswillsometimespurposefullyspendmorecashtoachievesomeotherfinancialresults.Forexample,abusinessmaypurchaseextrainventory<V>totakeadvantageofquantitydiscounts.WhichONEofthestatementsbelowwouldbethereasonwhyabusinesscreatesacashflowgapintentionally?ToincreasethefloattimeswithindisbursementsToimposeafinancechargeonToacceleratecashoutflowstotakeadvantageofsignificanttrade Cisthepossiblereasonforabusinesstoseekforcashflowgaps.Inaddition,abusinessmayspendextracashtoexpanditslineofbusiness.Forotherbusinesses,cashflowgapsareunavoidable.Take,forexample,abusinessthatexperiencesseasonalfluctuationsinitslineofbusiness.Thisbusinessmaynormallyhavecashflowgapsduringitsslowseasonandthenlaterfillthegapswithcashsurplusesfromitspeakseason.BusinessEnglishUnitKeyconcepts&KeyBusinessEnglishUnitKeyconcepts&KeyBudgetingMoneyandDebt:Inflowvs.Akeyconceptinmanagingyourfinancesisinflowvs.outflow.Essentiallyinflowisallthemoneyyoureceiveorgeneratewhileoutflowisallthemoneyyouspend.Thereisnothingsubjectiveabouttheseterms.Eachshouldhaveaconcreteandtangiblenumberattachedtoitandyoushouldknowwhatthatnumberisonamonthlybasisandayearlybasisattheveryleast.Thedifferencebetweenthetwoistheamountofdebtyouareincurringortheamountofsavingsyouaregenerating.Takethetimetocalculatewhatthesetwonumbersareforyourfinancialsituation.However,beawarethatmostpeopletendtooverestimate,underestimateorsomehowleaveoffentireexpenseswhendoingthisexercise.Ifyouusefaultyinputyouwillgetfaultyoutput.Therefore,youneedtobethoroughwhenreviewingyourexpensesandincomeandtakeintoconsiderationthethingsthatoftengounnoticedsuchastaxes,vacationmoney,educationalneedsandmedicalexpenses.IfyouuseaprogramlikeQuickenorMicrosoftMoneythenyouwillbeonestepaheadofthegameandshouldalreadyhavethesenumbersavailablewithoutcalculatingthemyourself.conversion(n.):變換,copious(adj.):很多的,廣識的,disbursement(n.):支付,due(adj.):應(yīng)得的eliminate(v.):排除,消除execution(n.):完成,執(zhí)行inventory(n.):存貨invoice(v.):發(fā)票,發(fā)貨單precede(v.):居先，在…之前solvent(v.):有償付能力的underestimate(v.):低估,看輕WaystofillcashflowPreparingcustomerinvoicesMonitoringcustomers’useofOfferingarewardsuchasadiscountforquickPaybillsonlywhenthey’reEstablishingadepositpolicyforworksinBusinessEnglishUnitIfBusinessEnglishUnitIfyouwanttomakeitabiteasieryoumightwanttousethefiguresforapreviousyearasanestimate.Thisshouldberoughlythesame.However,besureandincludeanychangesthatyouarecertainaboutsothatyougetamoreaccuratecalculation.Forincomebesureandincludeanytaxrefundsyoumayreceiveoranybenefitsthatyouneverphysicallyreceivesuchas401Kinvestmentsorothertypesofretirementplans.Somepeoplealsoliketoincludesuchthingsastheincreaseordecreaseinvalueoftangibleassetssuchasahouseorvacationproperty.Thiscanbeincludedbutkeepinmindthattheliquidityofphysicalpropertyisalwaysnegligible.Thevaluationofphysicalpropertyisalwaysabithazyduetothefactthatthemarketconstantlychangesinmostofthesetypesofassets.CommonphysicalassetsthatareoftendiscussedasinvestmentsrangefrompreciousmetalsandhousesallthewaytobaseballcardFinallycalculatethedifferencebetweenthesetwonumbersandseewhetheryouareaccumulatingmoneyordebt.Whatyouaredoingistakingthenetincomefromallsources(includingappreciationinvalue)andsubtractingitfromnetoutflow(includingnetdepreciation).ThisisprobablythemostimportantnumberinregardtoyourfinancialIfyouareaccumulatingmoneyandhaveexcessleftoverthenthisistheamountthatyoushouldbeinvesting.Ideallythatmoneyshouldbeallocatedtoretirementsavingsfirstsincethatisthegreatestexpensemostpeoplewillfaceinthefuture.Ifyouhavechildrenthencollegesavingswouldtakeprecedenceoverthatandyouwouldwanttosaveforthatexpensefirstasanalternative.Ifyouhavebothoftheseneedstakencareoftheninvesttheremainingmoneysothatitwillbegintoworkforyouratherthanjustaccumulateatanominalbanksavingsrate.Ifontheotherhandyouhaveanegativenumberleftoverthenyouneedtobeawarethatyouareaccumulatingdebtonaregularbasis.Thiscallsforemergencymanagement.Youneedtoimmediatelyestablishabudgetyoucanlivewithandthenbeginfollowingitascloselyaspossible.Ifyoudonotthenyouwillcontinuetoaccumulatedebtandintheendmaywindupinbankruptcycourt.Thisisnotagoodsituation.Seeearlierlessonsfortipsinestablishingyourbudget.BusinessEnglishUnitWritingCashBytheendofBusinessEnglishUnitWritingCashBytheendofthisactivity,youshouldfamiliarizedyourselfwiththepurposeandcomponentsofacashbudgetandvocabularycommonlyusedinit;practicedpreparingacashbudget;andlearnedhowtocreateasimplecashbudget.Task1PurposeandcomponentsofacashChoosethebestanswerfromA,B,CandCashBudgetisadetailedbudgetofcashinflowsandoutflowsincorporating<V>bothrevenueandcapitalitems.Acashbudgetisthusastatementinwhichestimatedfuturecashreceiptsandpaymentsaretabulated<V>insuchawayastoshowtheforecastedcashbalanceofabusinessatdefinedintervals.(1)Acashbudgetisimportantforavarietyofreasons.WhichONEofthestatementsbelowwouldNOTbethereasonwhyacashbudgetisprepared?TomeetdaytodaycashflowTomakemanagementdecisionsregardingyourcashToevaluateandplanforyourcapitalTohelpyouassesslong-termborrowing(2)Acashbudgetconsistsofthreemainnecessarycomponents.WhichONEofthefollowingwouldNOTbetheingredientofacashbudget?TimeDesiredcashEstimatedsalesandFixed(1) (2) BusinessEnglishUnitBisnotthereasonwhyacashbudgetisprepared.Theimportanceofacashbudgetcanbeillustratedinthefollowingways.Forone,itallowsyoutomakemanagementdecisionsaccordingtoyourcashposition(orcashreserve).Withoutthetypeofmonitoringimposed<V>bythebudgetingprocess,youmaybeunawareofthecycleofcashthroughyourbusiness.Attheendofayearorabusinesscycle,aseriesofmonthlycashbudgetswillshowyoujusthowBusinessEnglishUnitBisnotthereasonwhyacashbudgetisprepared.Theimportanceofacashbudgetcanbeillustratedinthefollowingways.Forone,itallowsyoutomakemanagementdecisionsaccordingtoyourcashposition(orcashreserve).Withoutthetypeofmonitoringimposed<V>bythebudgetingprocess,youmaybeunawareofthecycleofcashthroughyourbusiness.Attheendofayearorabusinesscycle,aseriesofmonthlycashbudgetswillshowyoujusthowmuchcashiscomingintoyourcompanyandthewayitisbeingused.Seasonalfluctuations<V>willbemadeclear.Acashbudgetalsoallowsyoutoevaluateandplanforyourcapitalneeds.Thecashbudgetwillhelpyouassesswhetherthereareperiodsduringyouroperationscyclewhenyoumightneedshort-termborrowing.Itwillalsohelpyouassessanylong-termborrowingneeds.Basically,acashbudgetisaplanningtoolformanagementdecisions.Disnotincludedinacashbudget.Therearethreemaincomponentsnecessaryforcreatingacashbudget.Theyare:Timeperiod.Thefirstdecisiontomakewhenpreparingacashbudgetistodecidetheperiodoftimeforwhichyourbudgetwillapply.Thatis,areyoupreparingabudgetforthenextthreemonths,sixmonths,twelvemonthsorsomeotherperiod?Anyway,itcanbepreparedquarterlyorannually.Desiredcashposition.Theamountofcashyouwishtokeeponhandwilldependonthenatureofyourbusiness,thepredictabilityofaccountsreceivableetc.Youmaywanttoconsideryourcashreserveintermsofacertainnumberofdays’sales.Yourbudgetingprocesswillhelpyoutodetermineif,attheendoftheperiod,youhaveanadequatecashreserve.Estimatedsalesandexpenses.Itisthefundamentalacashbudget.Themostimportantestimateyouwillmake,however,isanestimateofsales.Oncethisisdecided,therestofthecashbudgetcanfallintoplace.Task2PreparingacashFillintheEstimatingsalesandexpensesisthefundamentalconceptofacashbudget.Thecreationofacashbudgetrequiresyoutomakeestimates(orbestguesses)aboutmanydifferentaspectsofyourcompanyandtheenvironmentinwhichitoperates.Yourestimatesshouldbebasedonyourexperiencerunningyourbusinessandonyourgoalsforyourbusinessoverthetimeframeforwhichthebudgetisbeingcreated.BusinessEnglishUnitInacashbudget,first,cashbalanceshouldbelisted.Thecashbalanceisyourcashonhand.Thisincludeswhatisinyourcheckingaccounts,BusinessEnglishUnitInacashbudget,first,cashbalanceshouldbelisted.Thecashbalanceisyourcashonhand.Thisincludeswhatisinyourcheckingaccounts,savingsaccounts,pettycash<V>andanyothercashaccountsthatyoumighthave.Thebeginningcashbalanceistheendingoneforthelastperiod.Then,expectedcashreceipts<V>andexpectedcashpaymentsarereported.Theycontainalotofitems.Belowisalistofitemsinexpectedcashreceiptsorpayments,matchthemtotheirrespectivecategoriesgivenonthe CashSelling:OtherExpectedcashExpectedcashPayrollBusinessEnglishUnitExpectedcashreceiptsconsistCashBusinessEnglishUnitExpectedcashreceiptsconsistCashsales.Afterarrivingatabaseofcashsales,itmustadjustedforanytradeorotherdiscountsandforpossiblereturns.Thebaselevelofsales(andofaccountsreceivable)willbedeterminedbythecompany’sprojections,goalsandpastexperience.Collectionsofaccountsreceivable.Afterabaselevelofaccountsreceivableisestablished(basedonsalesprojections),itmustbeadjustedtoreflecttheamountthatwillactuallybepaidduringthetimeperiod.Typicaladjustmentsforasmallbusinessmightbetoassumethat90percentofaccountsreceivablewillbecollectedinthequarterinwhichthesalesoccur,9percentwillbecollectedinthefollowingquarter,and1percentwillremainuncollectible.Otherincome.Yourcashpositionmaybeaffectedpositivelybyincomeotherthanthatreceivedfromsales.Perhapsthereareinvestments,dividends<V>,oranexpectedborrowingthatwillbeintroducingcashtothecompanyduringthetimeperiod.Expectedcashexpenses(payments)RawMaterials(inventory).Forsmallbusinessretailersandmanufacturers,thelargestcashexpenseisusuallytheamountspentforinventoryorrawmaterials.ExpectedcashCash accountsExpectedcashPlantandequipment Otherpayments RawmaterialSellingBusinessEnglishUnitPayroll.Salariesarecommonlythesecondlargestexpenseitemduringanaccountingperiod.OtherDirectExpenses.Usethislineitemforanyadditionalexpensethatdoesnotfitconvenientlyundertheotherheadings.Ifyouaremakingpaymentsonaloan,includeithere.Advertising.Theroleofadvertisingvariesbytypeofbusiness.Ifyouareprojectinganincreaseinsales,isthereanaccompanyingmarketingoradvertisingcampaign?Thesecostsmustbebudgeted.SellingExpenses.Typicalsellingexpensesincludesalariesandcommissions<V>forsalespersonnelandsalesofficeexpenses.AdministrativeExpenses.Generalofficeexpensesareincludedhere.Thiswillincludeyourtelephone,copyingandday-to-dayofficePlantBusinessEnglishUnitPayroll.Salariesarecommonlythesecondlargestexpenseitemduringanaccountingperiod.OtherDirectExpenses.Usethislineitemforanyadditionalexpensethatdoesnotfitconvenientlyundertheotherheadings.Ifyouaremakingpaymentsonaloan,includeithere.Advertising.Theroleofadvertisingvariesbytypeofbusiness.Ifyouareprojectinganincreaseinsales,isthereanaccompanyingmarketingoradvertisingcampaign?Thesecostsmustbebudgeted.SellingExpenses.Typicalsellingexpensesincludesalariesandcommissions<V>forsalespersonnelandsalesofficeexpenses.AdministrativeExpenses.Generalofficeexpensesareincludedhere.Thiswillincludeyourtelephone,copyingandday-to-dayofficePlantandEquipment.Cashpaymentsforequipmentloans,<V>,repairs,orothersshouldbeincludedOtherPayments.Ifthereareanycashpaymentsyouexpecttomakethatarenotcoveredintheabovelisting,includethemhere.CreatingacashCompletetheSincejoiningtheABCCompany,you,themanagementaccountanthasfocusedmuchattentiononplanningandcontrolofthebusinessthroughtheintroductionofthebudgetarycontrolsystem.NowyouarerequiredtocreateacashbudgetforthefirstquarterofYear2009.UsingwhatyouhavelearnedfromTask2,completethefollowingcashflowbudget.Additemsandinventdataasneeded.CASHBUDGETOFABCForthethreemonthsendingMarch31,BeginningcashTotalcashTotalcashEndingcashbalance(Cash*TheendingcashbalancebecomesthebeginningcashbalanceforthenextBusinessEnglishUnitEachofyouwillcreateyourownbudget.ThefollowingisjustoneCASHBUDGETOFABCForthethreemonthsendingMarch31,Beginningcash-ExpectedCashCashBusinessEnglishUnitEachofyouwillcreateyourownbudget.ThefollowingisjustoneCASHBUDGETOFABCForthethreemonthsendingMarch31,Beginningcash-ExpectedCashCashOther00ExpectedcashRawmaterials(orOtherdirect00SellingPlantandequipmentOtherEndingcashbalance(Cashsurplus/-*TheendingcashbalancebecomesthebeginningcashbalanceforthenextBusinessEnglishUnitKeyconcepts&KeySpeakingBusinessEnglishUnitKeyconcepts&KeySpeakingBytheendofthisactivity,youshouldlearnedsomebasicphrasestoaskforandmakesuggestions;familiarizedyourselfwithcertainwaystoimprovecashflow;learnedtomakesuggestionsonhowtoimprovecashTask1AskingforandmakingMatchtheexpressionstotheirrespectiveWhenyouencounterproblemsinbusiness,you’llprobablyresorttotheexpertsoryourfriendsforsuggestions.Ifyoudon’twishtosoundrudewhenaskingforsuggestions,thenyouneedtoknowhowtomakearequestinapolitemanner.Peoplewillbemuchmorewillingtohelpyououtofthedifficultpositionifyousoftenyourmission(n.)傭金dividend(n股息，分紅fluctuation(n.):波動impose(v強(qiáng)加，施加于……incorporate(v.):包含，含括mortgage(n.)抵押payroll(n.):pettycash(adj.):零星現(xiàn)金tabulate(adj.):將……列成表Cashbudget:Astatementinwhichestimatedfuturecashreceiptsandpaymentsaretabulatedinsuchawayastoshowtheforecastedcashbalanceofabusinessatdefinedintervals.Therearethreemaincomponentsnecessaryforcreatingacashbudget.Theyare:timeperiod,desiredcashpositionandestimatedsalesandexpenses.BusinessEnglishUnitYo