2023版高三一輪總復習英語人教版（滇晉皖吉）第1部分 選擇性必修第4冊 UNIT 3 SEA EPLORATION

UNIT3SEAEXPLORATION

>>>基礎知識梳理

JICHUZHISHISHULI構建知識體系

課標單詞背誦

（先填后背）

1.league”.等級；水平；聯合會；聯賽

2.￡2回以『皇家的；王室的；高貴的

3.channeln.航道；海峽；頻道

4.bondn.紐帶；關系oi.增強信任關系；使牢固結合

5.politicsn.政治；政治觀點

6.tournamentn.錦標賽；聯賽

7.laptopn.筆記本電腦；便攜式電腦

8.directory名錄；電話號碼簿；（計算機文件或程序的）目錄

9.murder”.謀殺:兇殺；毀壞n.謀殺；兇殺

10.mercyn.仁慈；寬恕；恩惠

11.opponentn.反對者；對手；競爭者

12.Jog。/.把...載入正式記錄；記錄n.正式記錄；日志；原木

［單詞拼寫?運用］

核心單詞語境運用

1.talen.故事；敘述用所給詞的適當形式填空。

2.tax”.對...征稅；使納稅1.Shouldtherichbeheavilytaxed(tax)in

n.稅；稅款ordertohelpthepoor?

3.withdrawvi.&a（使）撤回；2.Tales(tale)ofhisaffairwithawomanwere

撤離spreadingquicklythroughoutthecompany.

4.applaud。九&鼓掌”.稱贊；3.Herefusedtowithdraw(withdraw)hisrude

贊賞remarksmadeabouthisbossandwas

5.arrestn.逮捕；拘留；中止vt.dismissedfromthecompany.

逮捕；拘留；阻止4.Hiseffortstoimprovethesituationarewell

worthapplauding(applaud).

5.Yesterday,fiveyoungmenwere

arrested(arrest)inconnectionwithoneofthe

attacks.

派生單詞語境運用

用所給詞的適當形式填空。

擴展；使伸長；延長

1.extend”.1.Toextendtherangeofservices,weare

-extensionn.延長；擴展；延長物；buildingatwo-storeyextensiontothe

延伸一extensive呦.廣闊的；大量的；hospital.Besides,extensiverepairwork

大規(guī)模的；廣泛的；全面的isbeingcarriedout.(extend)

2.negotiate商定；達成（協(xié)議）況.2.Thegallerypossessesanumberofthe

談判；磋商；協(xié)商fnegotiation〃.協(xié)artist，searlyworks,whichare

商；談判consideredtobetreasuresinits

3.professionn.職業(yè)；行業(yè)possession.(possess)

fprofessional必?.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的3.Theyhavebeennegotiatingaboutthe

4.mixvt.&式.混合fmixturen.混合；itemsofthecontractfbrhours，butthe

，

結合體；混合物-"mixed。力.復雜的;negotiationdoesntseemtogo

混合的smoothly.(negotiate)

4.AreporterfromCCTViscoveringthe

5.cover次報道;覆蓋；蓋；包括;

incidentonthespotandithasalso

涉及fcoverage〃.新聞報道；覆蓋

receivedwidecoveragebymanyother

范圍

media.(cover)

6.exploit”.開發(fā)；利用；剝削

5.Hemixedthetwoingredientstogether

--exploitationn.開發(fā)；利用；剝削；

inthebowlandthemixturetasted

壓榨；開采delicious.(mix)

7.possess。/.擁有；具有；持有6.Nomineralshaveyetbeenexploitedin

—possession〃.個人財產；擁有；控Antarcticabecausetheexploitationthere

制istoodifficultfbrhumanstocarry

out.(exploit)

高考熱點?熟詞生義_參虺黑更/在句中的正確漢語意思

1.（2021?全國乙卷）Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyonein

Australiaovertheageof15whodoesn，townamobilephone.B

A.被逼迫B.很困難C.堅持不懈

2.（2020-新高考卷I）Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher

68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.A

A.支付B.報道C.覆蓋

3.（2020?山東新高考模擬考試）1honestlyhopeitwon，tbetoolongbeforeIcan

putmyfeetonthegroundbelowandstandinaforestthatwillneverbelogged.C

A.記錄B.行駛C.采伐

［短語理解?運用］

高頻短語語境運用

1.setsail起航；開航

2.lookinto窺視；調查；研選用左面短語的適當形式填空。

究1.Thelawyerisconfidenttowinthecase

3.takeaction采取行動becausehehasgotsomestrongevidencein

hand.

4.inhand在手頭；可供使

2.Chinahasbeenpushingthereformof

用

publichospitalsforthebenefitofallits

5.inaleagueofone'sown

citizens.

獨領風騷

3.SamuelClemens,whowasknownasMark

6.inreturnfor作為...的

Twain,becameafamousAmericanwriter.

回報

4.Afterthegraduationceremony,webid

7.forthebenefitof為了..

farewelltoeachotherandsetsailforan

的利益unknownfuture.

8.firstofall首先5.Intermsofglobalinfluence,Chinaandthe

9.beknownas作為...而U.S.clearlystandinaleagueoftheicown.

出名

［句式辨識?運用］

教材原句背誦句式結構仿寫

1.there*sanurgentneedtodosth.既然你已經為考試做好了充分的準

Fromascientificpointofview,there備，就沒有必要擔心。

isanurgentneedtostudytheArcticNowthatyou'rewellpreparedforthe

inordertounderstandclimatechangeexam,thereisnoneedtoworryabout

anditseffects.it.

為了讓更多人能夠欣賞珍貴的藝術

2.sothat引導目的狀語從句

收藏品，展覽會又延長了六周。

Weneedtounderstandwhatis

Theshowhasbeenextendedfor

happeningtoourplanetsothatwecan

anothersixweekssothatmorepeople

takeaction.

canappreciatepreciousartcollections.

隨著人口平均年齡的增加，有越來越

3.as引導時間狀語從句

多的老年人需要照顧。

Hopefully,astechnologyimproves,

Aspeople'saverageageincreases,

wemayhavemoreoptionsfor

therearemoreandmoreoldpeopleto

managingthisbalance.

carefor.

>>>重雎考點探究

ZHONGNANKAODIANTANJIU突破思維瓶頸

1.extend”.擴展；使伸長；延長

[高考原句?2019?全國卷HI]Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogicofeachto

theirparticularcircumstance.

(l)extend...to...提供;給予

extendto延長到

extendby延長了

(2)extensive呦：廣闊的；大規(guī)模的；廣泛的

extensionn.延長；擴大

Inlessthansixyears,theBeltandRoadInitiativehasbeenextendedfromAsiato

EuropeandAfrica.在不到6年的時間里，“一帶一路”倡議從亞洲延伸至歐洲與

非洲。

’......語塊存儲....................

extendasfarastheriver一直延伸到河邊

extendthekitchenbysixfeet把廚房擴大了6英尺

extendthedeadlineforpayment延長付款期限

k；

［基礎練習］——單句語法填空

①Ifyou'reinneedofadeadlineextension(extend),simplyexplainthesituation

totheprofessor.

②Boldness—awillingnesstoextend(extend)yourselftotheextreme-isnotone

thatcanbeacquiredovernight.

(3)Inpoorfamilies,meanwhile,childrentendtospendtheirtimeathomeorwith

extended(extend)family.

［鏈接寫作］——完成句子

①布萊克夫人的花園一直延伸到山腳下。

MrsBlack，sgardenexlendsasfarasIhefootofthehill.

②精心保養(yǎng)可延長你的汽車的壽命。

Carefulmaintenancecanextendthelifeofyouccar.

2.withdrawa.［課本義］(使)撤回；撤離

［增補義］提取；不參加

(1)withdrawfrom退出；撤回

(2)withdrawaln.收回；撤退;取款;戒毒(或脫癮)過程

Althoughthefirewasdifficulttocontrol,thefirefightersdidn，twithdraw.盡管

火勢很難控制，但消防員們沒有撤退。

’......語塊存儲.......f

withdraw$100fromtheaccount從賬戶上提取100美元

withdrawfromtheevent退出比賽

Germany5swithdrawalfromthetalks德國退出談判

1基礎練習1——單句語法填空

①Theyinsisteduponawithdrawal(withdraw)ofthestatementandapublic

apology.

②Thedrugwaswithdrawn(withdraw)fromsaleafteranumberofpeoplesuffered

serioussideeffects.

③Theythreatenedtowithdrawfromthetalksiftheirdemandswerenotsatisfied.

［鏈接寫作］——句式升級

(普通表達)Afterhisnamewaswithdrawnfromthelist,helefttheplayground.

(高級表達汨isnamewithdrawnfromthelist,heleftthep］ayground.(獨立主

格結構)

3.mercyn.仁慈；寬?。欢骰?/p>

(l)showmercytosb.(=showsb.mercy)同情、憐憫某人

havemercyonsb.憐憫某人

withoutmercy毫不留情地；殘忍地

atthemercyof任...處置；任由....擺布

(2)mercifulQ的.仁慈的；慈悲的

mercilessadj.殘忍的；無情的

Shakespeare5sfamousplayTheMerchantofVeniceshowsthatmercyblesses

everyone,andifsstrongerthanhateandrevenge.莎士比亞的著名戲劇《威尼斯商

人》表明，仁慈保佑每個人，它比仇恨和復仇更強大。

’......語塊存［諸.......................、

havemercyonthehomeless憐憫無家可歸的人

atthemercyofthefate聽從命運的擺布

begformercy乞求寬恕

Ij

［基礎練習］——單句語法填空/單句改錯

①Sheisakind-heartedwoman,whoalwayshasmercyonchildrenwithout

parents.

②Whenhewastakentohospital,hisinjuriesweresoseverethatdeathwouldbe

amerciful(mercy)release.

③Thesailorswerelostatsea,atmercyofthewindsandwaves.at后力口the

［鏈接寫作］——一句多譯

我們應該憐憫殘疾人而不是看不起他們。

①Wearesupposedtoshowmercytothedisabledinsteadoflookingdownupon

them.(show)

②Wearesupposedtohavemvrcyonthedisabledinsteadoflookingdownupon

them.(have)

③Wearesupposedtobemercifilltothedisabledinsteadoflookingdownupon

them.(merciful)

4.possessionn.個人財產；擁有；控制

［高考原句-2020?新高考卷H］ThenIwouldtrytorememberthedifferent

possessionsIsupposedlyhadtakenaway一sinceIseldomactuallykeptthem.

(l)inpossessionof占有；擁有；持有

inthepossessionofsb./inone，spossession為某人所有；在某人的控制下

take/gain/comeintopossessionof擁有；占有

(2)possessvt.(不用于進行時)擁有；具有；支配

Wheneveryouremotionisoutofcontrol,justkeepitinmindthatonlyby

possessingagoodstateofmindcanyouachievesuccess.無論何時你情緒失控時，牢

記一點：只有擁有良好的心態(tài)你才能成功。

’......語塊存］諸.......................

thepossessionofapassport持有護照

comeintopossessionofavastfortune繼承——大筆貝才產

oneofhermosttreasuredpossessions她最珍貴的財產之一

Ij

［基礎練習］——單句語法填空/單句改錯

①Youcannotlegallytakepossession(possess)ofthepropertyuntilthreeweeks

afterthecontractissigned.

②(2020?全國卷I)AHcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbein

possessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.

③Athenswasmorelikeacooperativebusinesspossessingofgreatwealth,in

whichallcitizenshadarighttoshare去掉of

［鏈接寫作］—一句多譯

據我所知，你擁有這位藝術家的大量作品。

①AsfarasIknow,youareinpossessionofalargenumberoftheartistysworks.

②AsfarasIknow,alargenumberoftheartist，sworksareinyourpossession.

③AsfarasIknow,youpossessalargenumberoftheartist，sworks.

5.inhand［課本義］在手頭；可供使用

［增補義］在掌握中；在處理中

(l)athand在手邊的；在附近的；即將到來的

byhand用手工

ontheotherhand另一方面

gohandinhand齊頭并進

give/lendsb.ahand幫助某人

(2)handin上交

handout分發(fā)

TheOlympicorganiserssaythatmattersarewellinhand.奧運會的組織方說各

項事務都在掌握中。

「基礎練習］——單句語法填空

①Ifyouhaveyourlecturenotesinhand,youwillbeabletoexaminespecific

pointsthatareconfusingtoyou.

②Mywashingmachineisbeingrepairedthisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothes

byhand.

③Tomakeiteasiertogetintouchwithus,you'dbetterkeepthiscardathand.

［鏈接寫作］——詞匯升級

(普通表達)Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtohelpyou.

①(高級表達)Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtogive/lendyoua

hand.(n.hand)

②(高級表達)Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtodoyoua

favour.(n.favour)

6.［教材原句］Weneedtounderstandwhatishappeningtoourplanetsothat

wecantakeaction.

我們需要了解我們的星球出了什么問題，以便于采取措施。

［句法句式］句中sothat引導目的狀語從句，意為“以便于；為了"，從

句中通常有情態(tài)動詞，其前一般不用逗號。需注意以下內容：

(1)引導目的狀語從句時，sothat常與inorderthat或soasto進行轉換；

(2)sothat也可引導結果狀語從句，可譯為“以至于”。

(3)so/such.?.that...引導結果狀語從句,意為“如此...以至

于……”。

【金句推送】(2021?新高考卷I)Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcases

inthehallway.它太小了，我們只好把行李箱放在走廊里。

［基礎練習］——單句語法填空/單句改錯

①Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldread

alloftheroadsignswepassed.

②(2020?全國卷IIScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedto

payhunters$5atail.

(3)Hewasinsoahurrythathealmostpushedmeoveronthestairs.so->such

［鏈接寫作］——句式改寫

①Theattackwassosuddenthatwehadnotimetoescape.

,Sosuddenwastheattackthatwehadnotimetoescape.(倒裝句)

②IreadthedocumentsbeforegoingtobedsothatIcouldbepreparedforthe

nextday'swork.

flreadthedocumentsbeforegoingtobedsoastobepreparedforthenext

day'swork.(soasto)

7.［教材原句］Hopefully,astechnoloeyimproves,wemayhavemoreoptions

formanagingthisbalance.

隨著技術的進步，我們有希望擁有更多的選擇，來實現這種平衡。

［句法句式］as引導時間狀語從句，意為“隨著"，此處as是連詞。

需注意的是：with是介詞，意為“隨著”，后接名詞或代詞等構成with

短語或with復合結構。

【金句推送】(2020?全國卷III)Asscientistslookdeeperintoourgenes,they

arefindingexamplesofhumanevolutioninjustthepastfewthousandyears.隨著科學

家對我們基因的深入研究，他們發(fā)現了越來越多的過去幾千年人類進化的實例。

［基礎練習］——單句語法填空

①Astechnologydevelops(develop),wecanhaveeasieraccesstoinformation

needed.

②Withthefinancialcrisisspreading(spread)acrosstheglobe,moreandmore

companiesarebeingshutdown.

［鏈接寫作］——一句多譯

隨著時間的推移，我逐漸適應了學校生活。

①Withtimegoingby,Igraduallyadaptedmyselftotheschoollife.(with)

②Astimewentby,Igraduallyadaptedmyselftotheschoollife.(as)

>>>關鍵能力評估

GUANJIANNENGLIPINGGU強化運用技能

夯基固本一基礎落實

I.用所給詞的正確形式填空。

X.Obviously,anychildwhoreceivesdedicatedteachingoveranextended

(extend)periodislikelytoimprove.

2.Asyoucansee,thewithdrawaKwithdraw)fromdrugabuseisreallytough

onceyouareaddictedtodrugs.

3.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandshareare

nottaught,butnaturallypossessed(possess)inyoungchildren.

4.TheCanada-U.S.borderrestrictionagreementisexpectedtoextend(extend)at

leastforanothermonthtoDec.21.

5.AccordingtoLifeinLikes,aschildrengrew(grow),theybecamemoreanxious

togetmorepublicapproval.

II.改正下列句子中的錯誤。

1.RightafterErintookthepossessionofmywalletonthebus,sheposteda

pictureofmydriverslicensetoanonlineforum,tryingtoseeifanyoneknewme.去

掉took后的the

2.Herewasachanceformetodistinguishmyselfbyinventingsomething

mercifullythatwouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.mercifullyfmerciful

3.Peopledrankakindofteamadefromleavespossessedaspecialchemicalto

reducebodypainsandfever.possessed—possessing

4.Thecoursesarebasedonaweeklytwo-hourclass,whichextendingovera

periodof25weeks.去掉which或extendingfextend

5.Theywithdraw500dollarsfromabankaccountaftertheycheckedoutoftheir

hotel.withdraw—withdrew

m.在空白處填入一個適當的詞。

1.Soonschoolwillcometoanendandthevacationwillbeathand.

2.We'resurethattechnicalprogresswillputourfirmjnpossessionofthe

domesticmarket.

3.Earlyseaexplorerswerenotatthemercyoftheoceanseventhoughtheyhad

nonavigationaids.

4.Forsomereason,Iwithdrewf?omahandfulofgrandclubs,whichIwasnever

tojoinagain.

5.Hepromisedtoextendthedeadlineforentrytothecompetitionby24hours.

查缺補漏——知識拾遺

I.用所給詞的正確形式填空。

1.SilkwormswerefirstraisedinwhatwenowknowasHebeiProvince,as(is)

recordedfrecord)insomehistorybooks.

2.Tradinghasgrowngreatlyinrecentyears,andwillcontinuetodosoinyears

tocome(come).

3.Fromascientjfic(science)pointofview,there，sanurgentneedtostudythe

Arcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.

4.Astudyshowsthatthoseborninfalllessprobablyhaveamoodofdepression,

whichmayeasilydrivethemtocry(cry).

5.TheicesheetintheArcticismeltingatanalarmingrate,arresting(arrest)the

attentionofscientistsworldwide.

n.在空白處填入一個適當的詞。

1.Inancienttimes,silkfromChinafounditswayoverlandtoIndia,theMiddle

East,andRome,alongwhatbecameknownastheSilkRoad.

2.Whenitcomestocooking,mywifeisinaleagueofherown.

3.Inordertoimpressatajobinterview,youneedtobondwiththeinterviewer

rightaway.

4.(2020?江蘇卷)Beinggoodatsomethingandhavingapassionforitarenot

enough.

5.Inhisopinion,there，ssomuchthatpeoplecanachievewiththerightmotive

andambition.

強技提能——語言應用

I.語法填空

短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點，請在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括

號內單詞的正確形式，并背誦該短文。

TheexpeditionsofZhengHe，sfleetstothewesternseasstartedin1405,aimed

1.toenhance(enhance)therelationsbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.Thefleets

extendedthetradingsearoutetotheeastcoastofAfrica,2.whereZhengHeandhis

mennegotiatedtradedealswithAfricanmerchantsandroyalfamilies,

3.exchanging(exchange)chinaandteaforgoldandspices.Meanwhile,theydefeated

theattackersfromcountriesalongtheirroutebyexploitingadvanced

4.weagons(weapon)inhandandarrestedseveralmercilessmurdersofcivilians

whichhappenedinsomeregions.Zheng'svoyage,already5,logged(log)inhistory

books,broughtpea