課時作業(yè)1UNIT1ART含解析選擇性必修第三冊

觀千劍而后識器,操千曲而后曉聲泰戈爾曾說過:“只有經(jīng)歷過地獄般的磨練，才能煉出創(chuàng)造天堂的力量；只有流過血的手指才能彈奏出世間的絕唱。”課時分層作業(yè)(一)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Ahighdegreeofenthusiasmhasemerged(出現(xiàn))inthemasses.2．Hefailedtopasshisvisual(視力的)test.3．Hewasaprofessorofsculpture(雕塑)attheAcademy.4．TheeventsI'mspeakingofweresubsequent(后來的)tothewar.5．Theyaskedmetoconvey(傳遞)theirsincereapologytoyouandpromisedtoreplacetheserollersbynewones.6．Tomwantstoseethepenyoupurchased(購買)yesterday.7．Thesefewwordsfullyrevealedhernoble(高貴的)quality.8．Ournewspaperisaninfluential(有很大影響力的)newspaperinthiscity.9．Withthenewtechnique，measurementwasclaimedtobemuchmoreprecise(精確的)．10．Weshouldencouragepupilstosetrealistic(現(xiàn)實的)goals.Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2021·安徽合肥檢測)Thefollowing4famouspaintings—fromJanvanEyck'sworktoPabloPicasso'smasterpiece—havestoodthetestoftime.TheArnolfiniPortraitJanvanEyck'sTheArnolfiniPortrait，anoilpaintingonoakproducedin1434，inwhichamanandawomanholdhandswithawindowbehindhimandabedbehindher，isundoubtedlyamasterpieceintheNationalGallery，London.Thispaintingisoneofthemostfamousandintriguing(非常有趣的)paintingsintheworld.Itisalsoaninformativedocumentaboutthefifteenth-centurysociety.TheStarryNightVincentvanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight，anoiloncanvas(帆布畫布)，amoderatelyabstractlandscapepaintingofanexpressivenightskyoverasmallvillage，duringhisstayatthementalhospitalnearSaint-Rémy-de-Provence，F(xiàn)rancein1889.WhentheMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941，itwasnotwellknown，butithasbecomeoneofVincentvanGogh'smostfamousworksnow.TheHarvestersTheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.Itdepictstheharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccursinthelatesummer.ThepaintinghasbeenattheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCitysince1919.GuernicaGuernica，alargeoilpainting，waspaintedbytheCubistSpanishpainter，PabloPicasso，in1937.ThetitlereferstothecitythatwasbombedbyNaziduringtheSpanishCivilWar.Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult，hascometobeananti-warsymbolandareminderofthetragedyofwar.Today，thepaintingishousedattheMuseoReinaSofíainMadrid.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四幅著名藝術(shù)家的作品。1．Whichwasproducedearliest?A．Guernica.B．TheHarvesters.C．TheStarryNight. D．TheArnolfiniPortrait.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheArnolfiniPortrait部分的內(nèi)容可知，TheArnolfiniPortrait是在1434年由JanvanEyck創(chuàng)作，其他幾幅畫的創(chuàng)作時間都晚于這幅畫。故選D。]2．WhatdoweknowaboutthepaintingTheStarryNight?A．Itwaspaintedonwoodinoils.B．Itdescribedthepainter'slifeinhospital.C．Itwasn'twidelyrecognizedbefore1941.D．Itwasgivenawaytothemuseumbyacollector.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheStarryNight部分的內(nèi)容可知，1941年，當(dāng)紐約現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館從私人收藏家手中買下這幅畫時，這幅畫并不出名，后來才成為文森特·梵高最著名的作品之一。故選C。]3．Whocreatedthepaintingdescribingtheharvestseason?A．PieterBruegeltheElder.B．VincentvanGogh.C．JanvanEyck.D．PabloPicasso.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheHarvesters部分中的“Itdepictstheharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccursinthelatesummer.”可知，由PieterBruegeltheElder創(chuàng)作的TheHarvesters描繪了收獲的季節(jié)。故選A。]BJohnConstablewasborninSuffolk，England，on11June，1776.Hisfamilyhopedthathewouldjoinhisfather'sbusiness，butheshowedgreatinterestinartwhenhewasveryyoung.Finally，hisfamilyallowedhimtoentertheRoyalAcademySchool，averyfamousartcollegeinEngland，attheageoftwenty-two.AttheRoyalAcademy，hewasagoodstudent，spendingallhissparetimedrawingandreading.Heshowedhisfirstpaintingin1802.Constablebelievedthegreatestartcamefromusingtheinspiration(靈感)ofnature，ratherthanusingvarioustechniquesandimaginationonart.Inhislifetime，Constableneverhadmuchmoney.Hisfameonlygrewafterhisdeath.Hewasunabletoearnalivingfromthepaintings.Tosupporthisfamily，Constableoftendrewportraits(肖像)ofothers.Butitwassomethingheneverreallyenjoyed.HewasattractedbythebeautyoftheBritishcountryside.HesoldmorepaintingsinFrancethaninhishomecountry，England，atfirst.Butwhengiventhechancetotraveltosellhispaintingsabroad，hesaidhewouldrather“beapoormaninEnglandthanarichmanabroad”．Constablediedin1837.Duringhislifetimehegotlittlepraiseinhishomecountryforpaintingcountrysidescenery.YetheisnowconsideredtobeoneofthegreatestBritishartists.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了英國最偉大的藝術(shù)家之一JohnConstable的主要人生經(jīng)歷。4．JohnConstablestudiedpaintingbecause________．A．hewasinterestedinitB．hisparentshopedhewouldstudyitC．hewantedtomakemoremoneyD．helikedtheRoyalAcademySchoolA[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Hisfamilyhopedthathewouldjoinhisfather'sbusiness，butheshowedgreatinterestinartwhenhewasveryyoung.”可知，他的家人希望他能加入父親的事業(yè)，但他很小的時候就對藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)出極大的興趣。因此JohnConstable學(xué)習(xí)繪畫是因為他對繪畫感興趣。故選A。]5．AttheRoyalAcademy，JohnConstable________．A．wasn'tagoodstudentB．didn'tgetonwellwithhisclassmatesC．wasveryhard-workingD．becameveryfamousC[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AttheRoyalAcademy，hewasagoodstudent，spendingallhissparetimedrawingandreading.”可知，在皇家學(xué)院，他是個好學(xué)生，把業(yè)余時間都花在繪畫和閱讀上。因此在皇家學(xué)院，JohnConstable是非常努力的。故選C。]6．WhatdoweknowaboutJohnConstable?A．Hethoughttechniquewasthemostimportantinartpainting.B．HispaintingssoldbetterinFrancethaninEnglandatfirst.C．Hewasinterestedindrawingportraits.D．Hebecameveryrichbypainting.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“HesoldmorepaintingsinFrancethaninhishomecountry，England，atfirst.”可知，起初他在法國賣的畫比他在英國賣的多。因此他的畫一開始在法國比在英國賣得好。故選B。]7．Whatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedpart?A．JohnConstablewaswillingtotraveltoFrance.B．JohnConstablewastiredofbeingpoor.C．JohnConstabledidn'twanttosellhispaintings.D．JohnConstablelovedhiscountryverymuch.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“HesoldmorepaintingsinFrancethaninhishomecountry，England，atfirst.Butwhengiventhechancetotraveltosellhispaintingsabroad，hesaidhewouldrather‘beapoormaninEnglandthanarichmanabroad’．”可知，他在法國賣的畫比在自己的祖國英國賣的多。但當(dāng)他有機(jī)會去國外賣畫時，他說他寧愿在英國當(dāng)窮人，也不愿在國外當(dāng)富人，由此我們看出JohnConstable非常熱愛他的國家。故選D。]Ⅲ.閱讀七選五Artgalleriesareplacesinwhichartistscandisplayalltypesofworksofart，includingpaintings，drawings，photographs，sculptures，etc.1Atthesametime，however，eachartworkmustbeprotectedfromexposuretotoomuchlightsincethatcancauseworkstofadeandthereforegetruined.2Themostcommonformoflightingusedtolightuptheartworkisindoorspotlightsontracksattachedtotheceilingnearwheretheworkisbeingdisplayed.3Itenablesthelightstobemovedmoreeasilywhenthelightpatternsrequireadjusting.Recessed(嵌入墻壁凹處的)lightsinwallsandceilingscanbeusefulsolongastheyarenotfixedinplacesotheycanbeeasilymovedtocreateideallightpatterns.Mostartgallerydirectorsstatethatacombinationoftracklightingandrecessedlightequipmentisidealbecausethetracklightingfocusesdirectlyontheartworkwhiletherecessedlightsareusedonthenearbywallstoprovideasurroundinglightsource.4Howtoanglethelightsdependsupontheheightoftheceilingandthesizeoftheartwork.Cautionmustbeexercisedtoavoidcreatingtoomanyareaswithsha，thelightsshouldnotbebarebulbsburningdirectlyabovetheartworkbutshouldbemadeinsomewaytomakethelightingsofter.Accordingtoexperts，lowvoltage(電壓)bulbsarethebestwhenlightingtheartwork.5Thustheartworkshouldbeplacedinaroomwheresunlightcan'tdirectlyhitit.A．Itcanmakethedisplaysattractive.B．Usingtracklightingisbeneficial.C．Lightplaysakeyroleinartgalleries.D．Thislightsourcecanbetterimprovethemoodsurroundingthework.E．Tobetterimprove