北京市中考：《英語(yǔ)》科目2023年考試真題與參考答案

北京中考：《英語(yǔ)》科目2023年考試真題與參考答案一、單項(xiàng)填空每題0.5分,共6分。從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)1.Mysisterenjoyssingingand________favoritesubjectismusic.A.his B.her C.your D.their2.It’sagoodideatovisitBeijing________October.A.at B.on C.in D.to3.—MustIstayhereandwaitforyou?—No,you________.Youcangohomenow.A.needn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t4.—Whichdoyoulike________,swimmingorskating?—Swimming.A.well B.better C.best D.thebest5.—________doyoutidyyourownroom?—TwiceaweekA.Howoften B.Howsoon C.Howmuch D.Howlong6.Itwasdifficulttoclimbthemountain,________Samgottothetopatlast.A.or B.so C.for D.but7.—Lucy,whatareyoudoing?—I________amodelship.A.make B.made C.ammaking D.wasmaking8.TheShenzhou-15astronauts________toEarthsafelyonJune42023.A.return B.returned C.willreturn D.havereturned9.Ifyougototheconcertwithustomorrow,you________agreattimethere.A.have B.had C.willhave D.havehad10.Eric________manythingssincehebecameinterestedinscience.A.islearning B.waslearning C.willlearn D.haslearned11.Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers________everyyear.A.areplanted B.wereplanted C.plant D.planted12.—Lily,canyoutellme________duringtheDragonBoatFestivalthisyear?—Sure.Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.A.whatyouwilldo B.whatyoudid C.whatwillyoudo D.whatdidyoudo二、完形填空每題1分,共8分。閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。BeWhat’sMissingWherewasthatcashier(收銀員)?Impatient,Iquicklylookedatmywatch.Ihardlyhadenoughtimetoeatasandwichandrushbacktowork.Ilookedaroundthenearlyempty____13____,butthecashierwasnowhereinsight.Awomanstoodwiping(擦)thefarendofthecounter.Shelookedatmecoldlywithsad,darkeyes.I____14____,gettingangry.I’dbeenstandingthereforatleastthreeminutes!Controllingmyanger,IrememberedMom’swords.“Wheneveryoufindyourselfinanunpleasantsituation,justthinkaboutwhatismissing.Ifsomeoneisunkind,thenkindnessismissing.Ifsomeoneishateful,then____15____ismissing.Ifwewillbewhat’smissing,thenwe’llprovidewhateverthesituationneeds.”AndhereIwasinanunpleasantsituation.HowshouldI“bewhat’smissing”?Whatwasmissingwas____16____.MaybeIshouldjustjumpbehindthecounterandtakemyownorder.Justthenthewomanwalkedslowlytowardsme.“MayIhelpyou?”sheasked,still____17____.Shelookedsotired.Nodoubt,shewasoverworked.Itookadeepbreath.WithMom’swordsringinginmyhead,Igavethewomanmyorder...andsmiled.“Howareyoutoday?”Myquestionseemedto____18____herSheeyedmeforasecondbeforeanswering.“Nottoogood.”“I’msorry.”Isaid.“Ihopeitgetsbetterstartingrightnow.”Shealmostsmiledasshelookedatme.“Thanks.Ihopeyou’reright.”IthoughttomyselfasIatemysandwich.We’reallthesame,really.Wehaveproblemsandangers,wegettiredandwehurt.Weneedtobe____19____toeachother.Aftereating,Iwipedthetablecleanerthanusual,andputthetray(托盤(pán))backnicelyonthestand.Thewomanwaswatchingme,abigsmileonherface.“Bewhat’smissing.”It____20____.13.A.restaurant B.street C.school D.office14.A.agreed B.finished C.waited D.left15.A.trust B.love C.patience D.confidence16.A.hope B.advice C.money D.service17.A.nervously B.carefully C.coldly D.kindly18.A.disappoint B.hurt C.trouble D.surprise19.A.nicer B.cooler C.closer D.fairer20.A.said B.worked C.read D.ended三、閱讀理解每題2分,共26分。(一)閱讀下列課程介紹,請(qǐng)根據(jù)人物喜好和需求匹配最適合的課程,并將課程所對(duì)應(yīng)的A、B、C、D選項(xiàng)填在相應(yīng)位置上。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。[A]ShortArtCoursesAWildArtThiscourseisaboutdrawingandpainting.You’lluseyournewskillstomakeawallposterofanimals.Andwe’vegotlotsofpicturebookstogiveyouideas.B.ArtMattersThiscourseteachesyoudifferentdrawingskills.We’llgetyoutodrawthelateststylesofclothes.Ifyoulikedesigningclothesandwanttostudyitatcollege,joinus!C.CreativeArtThiscourseisaboutmakingbagstokeepyoursportsclothesin.Weprovidelotsofmaterials.Andyou’llvisitartmuseumstogetsomecreativeideas.D.ArtMagicThiscourseisabouttellinggoodstoriesinpictures.There’llbecartoonfilmstowatchandinstructioninhowtodrawyourfavoritecharacters.21.________I’minterestedindesigningclothesandwanttostudyitatcollege.Alice22.________IenjoymakingwallpostersofanimalsandI’dliketoreadpicturebooks.Tony23.________Ilikemakinghagsandwanttovisitartmuseumstogetcreativeideas.Harry(二)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。[B]BettywasexcitedtoshowherbrotherDavidthebasketfilledwithseashells.ButDavidwasbusyhelpingDadgeteverythingbackintothecar.“Whatareyougoingtodowiththoseuselessthings?”hesaid.“Youcan’ttakethemhome.”“ButIwanttheseseashells,”Bettysaidunhappily.“Eachoneisadifferentshapeandsize.Theyareallspecial.”Suddenly,Davidsawthewaterrisingalongthebeach.HeshoutedtoBetty,“Thewaves（海浪）areabouttotakeyourtoys!”AsBettyrantogetherthings,shecalledtoDavid,“Pleaseputmyseashellsintothecar!”Davidwasputtingoneofthebeachchairsintothecarwhenhisfootaccidentallyknockedoverthebasket.AsDavidliftedaheavybox,heslipped（滑倒）anddroppedtheboxrightontopoftheseashells,breakingmostofthemintopieces.Bettycamebackwithhertoys.Whenshesawherseashellsbroken,shebegantocry.Davidstartedtopickuptheseashellsandplacethemcarefullybackintothebasket.DadtriedtoexplaintoBettythatitwasanaccident.ButBettywasstillupset.Davidalsofeltsad.Hethoughtaboutwhathecoulddotomakeituptohissister.Whenhegothome,hehadaperfectidea.ThenextmorningDavidwaitedforBettywiththebasketofseashellsandsomestrongglue.Healsohadaframed（裝框的）photoofthetwoofthem.Togethertheylookedthroughthebasketandfoundseveralseashellsthatwerenotbrokenandcouldstillbeused.Thentheygluedtheseashellstotheframe.“I’mreallysorry,Betty.”Davidsaid.“YesterdayIwasverycarelesswithsomethingspecialtoyou.”Bettylookedatherbrotherandsmiled“You’rethebestbigbrotherever!”24.WhatdidBettythinkoftheseashells?A.Clean. B.Useless. C.Expensive. D.Special.25.Bettybegantocrywhen________.A.sheslippedandhurtherself B.sheknockedoverthebasketC.shesawthebrokenseashells D.shetoldherdadabouttheaccident26.Davidgluedtheseashellstotheframeto________.A.makeituptohissister B.develophispaintingskillC.prepareagiftforhisdad D.makethepicturebeautiful[C]Doyouknowthatover1/3ofallfoodproducedintheworldgoestowaste?AccordingtotheUnitedNations(UN),everyyeararoundtheworld,aboutonebillion(十億)tonsoffoodiswasted.Atthesametime,therearenearlyonebillionpeoplewhogohungry.Simply1/4ofthefoodwastedisenoughtokeepthemoutofhunger.Inaddition,thewastedfoodproducesoverthreebilliontonsofcarbondioxide(CO2),whichspeedsupclimate(氣候)change.Whatcanwedotosolvethisfoodwasteproblem?Oneeffectivesolutionisbalancingfoodproductionwithdemand(需求).Inhotelsandothersimilarplaces,specialinstrumentsshouldbeusedsothatcookingspecialistsjustprepareandcookfoodasitisordered.Anothereffectivesolutionisstartingprogramstoreduce(減少)foodwaste.Storesandbuyerscantrytheirbesttobecreativeinfoodwastereduction.Forexample,storescanprovidecustomerswithinstructionstellingthemhowtomakefulluseoffood.Buyerscantrynotfixingtheireyesonlyonfoodofthebestquality(質(zhì)量).Sometimes,thefoodofnon-topqualityisalsogoodenoughtoeat,orcanbeboughtandthenusedtomakedeliciousdishes.Oneofthehardestsolutionstoachieveisforeachandeveryonetobuyandpreparefoodwithaplanoftheirownsothatlessfoodiswasted.Challengingasitis,theuseofmealplansinpreparingfoodcanplayanimportantroleinendingfoodwasteinthefamily.Foodrecyclingisoneoftheknownsolutions.Effortsarenowalreadyinprogress.Foodthatisnotsafeforhumanstoeatisrecycledintootherproductssuchasanimalfeedsandclothing.Yet,thereisstillalongwaytogoandmuchforimprovementinthisarea.Inaword,foodwastehasbeenoneofthebiggestproblemsintheworldthathaveinfluencedusgreatly.Manysolutionshavebeenfoundandmanymoreareyettobeworkedout.Ifeachofuscanputinmoreefforts,foodwasteissuretobereducedforthegoodofourfuture.27.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapossibleresultoffoodwaste?A.Theproblemofworldwidehunger. B.Abigincreaseinfoodproduction.C.Thespeed-upofclimatechange. D.Asuddendropinpopulation.28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Foodrecyclinghasbeenhugelysuccessful. B.Buyersshouldgiveupnon-topqualityfood.C.Storesshouldtrainpeopletomakedeliciousdishes. D.Mealplansinthefamilyarehardtoputintopractice.29.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Benefitsofreducingfoodwaste. B.Solutionstothefoodwasteproblem.C.Theimportanceoffightingfoodwaste. D.Theattitudetothefoodwasteproblem.[D]Whenconsideringthekindofexperiencethatmakeslifebetter,mostpeoplefirstthinkthathappinessdependsonexperiencingpleasure:goodfood,goodjobs,allthecomfortsthatmoneycanbuy.Ifwecouldn’thavethese,wemightaswellsitinfrontofthetelevisiononaquietevening.Pleasureisanimportantpartofthequalityoflife,butbyitselfitdoesn’tbringhappiness.Whenpeoplethinkfurtheraboutwhatmakesaworthylife,theytend(傾向于)tomovebeyondpleasantmemoriesandbegintorememberotherevents,otherexperiencesthatoverlap(有重疊)pleasurableonesbutfallintoagroupwithaseparatename:enjoyment.Enjoyableeventstakeplacewhenpeoplehavenotonlysatisfiedaneedormetsomeearlierexpectation,butalsoachievedsomethingunexpected.Enjoymentischaracterizedbyasenseofcuriosity,ofachievement.Playingatennisgamethatimprovesone’sabilityisenjoyable,asisreadingabookthatshowsthingsinanewlight,asishavingaconversationthatleadsustoexpressideaswedidn’tknowwehad.Noneoftheseexperiencesmaybeespeciallypleasurablewhentheyaretakingplace,butwhenwethinkbackonthemafterwards,wewouldsay,“Thatreallywasfun”andwishtheywouldhappenagain.Afteranenjoyableeventweknowthatwehavechanged,andgrown.Experiencesthatgivepleasurecanalsogiveenjoyment,butthetwofeelingsarequitedifferent.Forexample,everybodytakespleasureineating.However,toenjoysfoodismoredifficult—youhavetopayenoughattentiontoameal,soastosenseandtellitsvarioustastes.Asthisexamplesuggests,wecanexperiencepleasurewithoutanypsychicenergy,whileenjoymenthappensonlyasaresultoffullattention.Apersoncanfeelpleasurewithoutanyeffort,aslongascertainpartsinhisbrainarestimulated(刺激).Butit’simpossibletoenjoyatennisgameorabookwithoutfullattention.It’sforthisreasonthatpleasuredoesnotlastlong,nordoesitmakeusgrow.Growthrequiresfullattentiontogoalsthatarenew,thatarerelativelychallenging.Withoutenjoyment,lifewillgoon,anditcanevenbepleasant.Butitdependsheavilyonluckandtheexternal(外部的)environment.Toachievepersonalcontroloverthequalityofexperience,however,weneedtolearnhowtobuildenjoymentintowhathappensdayin,dayout.30.Youwillmostprobablyexperienceenjoymentwhenyou________.A.buyexpensiveshoes B.orderadeliciousmealC.talkwithfriendsfornewideas D.sitquietlyinfrontofatelevision31.Whatdoyouknowaboutpleasureandenjoymentfromthepassage?A.Enjoymentgrowsoutofpleasure.B.Pleasureandenjoymentcomehandinhand.C.Pleasurableexperiencesarepartofenjoyableones.D.Someexperiencesprovidebothpleasureandenjoyment.32.Thewords“psychicenergy”inParagraph4areclosestinmeaningto________.A.attention B.interest C.ability D.knowledge33.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A.feelingpleasurestopspeoplefromachievinggrowthB.feelingenjoymentcomeswithachievinggrowthC.aworthylifedependsonluckandenvironmentD.pleasureisthekeytoahappyandworthylife四、閱讀表達(dá)第34-36題每題2分,第37題4分,共10分。閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。My100DaysWithoutaMobilePhoneWhenwasthelasttimeyoulefthomewithoutyourmobilephone?Canyouimagineyourselflivingamonth,orevenayearwithoutcheckingyourmobilephonefromtimetotime?Asabusymodernpersonwithlotsofsocialconnections,plansandresponsibilities,Ijustcannotaffordtonotbeintouchwiththerestoftheworld.Stayingconnectedtootherpeopleisabigpartofmylife.However,sometimesitcanbebothersome(惱人的).OnedayIdiscoveredIwasterriblytiredout.Itriedturningnotifications(通知)off.Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.So,Isimplystoppedusingmyphone.Well,totellthetruth,itwasnotsimpleatall.Forthefirstcoupleofdays,Ihadabigfearthatallofmyfriendswouldsoonforgetaboutme.WhenIhadafreemoment,Ihadnoideawhattogetmyselfdistracted(分心的)with,andtheworriesmixedwithboredomkeptbotheringme.However,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone,Istartednoticingchanges—changeswhichIliked,andwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.Firstofall,InoticedthatIbecamemuchmorefocused(專注的).Before,whiledoingsomething,Iwouldoftenfindmyselfwonderingwhatwasgoingononline.Afteramonthofstayingawayfrommymobilephone,Ifoundthattheurge(沖動(dòng))wasalreadynotthatstrongandthatmyabilitytofocusimproved.Idiscoveredthattheworldisabeautifulplace.Before,Iwouldlookatitthroughmycameramostly:takeaphoto,postit,getsomelikes.Now,IsawbeautifulpeoplewalkingaroundandIsensedtheseasonschange.Icouldunderstandtheactualbeautyoftheworld,andIdidnotneedanyoneelsetoprovethevalueofthisbeautythroughlikesorshares.Now,as100dayshavepassed,Icansaythattheexperimentwasworthit.Iamplanningtostayawayfrommyphoneforaslongaspossible.34.Whatmadethewritercheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore?___________________________________________35.Whendidthewriterstartnoticinghischanges?___________________________________________36.Whatdoesthewriterplantodowithhisphoneaftertheexperiment?___________________________________________37.Wouldyouliketofollowthewriter’sexample?Whyorwhynot?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)___________________________________________五、文段表達(dá)38.從下面兩個(gè)題目中任選一題,根據(jù)所給提示,完成一篇不少于50詞的英語(yǔ)文段寫(xiě)作。文中已給出內(nèi)容不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語(yǔ)僅供選用。請(qǐng)不要寫(xiě)出你的校名和姓名。題目①38.假設(shè)你是李華。你們班想在畢業(yè)之前為學(xué)校做一件有意義的事，如種植紀(jì)念樹(shù)、去校圖書(shū)館整理圖書(shū)等。你打算邀請(qǐng)交換生Peter參加這次活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你用英文給他寫(xiě)一封電子郵件，告訴他活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、意義及安排。提示詞語(yǔ)：invite,plant,meaningful,beautiful,library提示問(wèn)題：Whatactivitydoyouplantodo?Whydoyouwanttoorganizethisactivity?Whenandwherewillyouhavethisactivity?DearPeter,Howiseverythinggoing?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hopetohearfromyousoon.Yours,LiHua題目②39.同學(xué)們參加過(guò)各種各樣的社團(tuán)，如籃球隊(duì)、合唱團(tuán)等。假設(shè)你是李華。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文給學(xué)校英文網(wǎng)站投稿，介紹一個(gè)你參加過(guò)的社團(tuán)，談?wù)勥@個(gè)社團(tuán)的活動(dòng)內(nèi)容以及你的收獲。提示詞語(yǔ)：takepartin,practice,skill,benefit,progress提示問(wèn)題：Whatclubdidyoujoin?Whatdidyoudointheclub?Whathaveyoulearnedfromth