2023職稱英語考試綜合A試題與答案

2023年職稱英語《綜合類》試題A及答案

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選擇1個(gè)與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。

1Thenurseryisbrightandcheerful.

ApleasantBcleanCpeacefulDlarge

2ThiskindofmaterialwasseldomusedinbuildinghousesduringtheMiddleAges.

AneverBrarelyCoftenDonly

3Peoplefrommanyplacesweredrawntothecitybyitsgrowingeconomy.

AfetchedBcarriedCattractedDpushed

4Thesoldierdisplayedremarkablecourageinthebattle.

AplacedBshowedCpointedDdecided

5HowdoyouaccountforyourabsencefromtheclasslastThursday?

AexplainBexamine

CchooseDexpand

6Aboutonequarteroftheworkersinthecountryareemployedinfactories

AthirdBfourth

CtenthDfifteenth

7Shewasgratefultohimforbeingsogoodtoher.

AcarefulBhateful

CbeautifulDthankful

8Thereareonlyfiveminutesleft,buttheoutcomeofthematchisstillindoubt.

AresultBjudgement

CestimationDevent

9lieiscertainthatthedictionaryisjustwhatIwant.

AsureBangry

CdoubtfulDworried

10Thelastfewweekshavebeenenjoyable.

AcloseBnear

CpastDseveral

11Whatweretheconsequencesofthedecisionshehadmade?

AreasonsBresults

CcausesDbases

12Theydidn，trealizehowserioustheproblemwas

AknowBforget

CdoubtDremember

13Weshallkeepthemoneyinasecureplace

AcleanBsecret

CdistantDsafe

14Thegreatchangesofthecityastonishedeveryvisitortothatcity.

AattackedBsurprised

CattractedDinterested

15Thecityhasdecidedtodoawaywithalltheoldbuildingsinitscentre

AgetridofBsetup

CrepairDpaint

參考答案：

1.A2.B3.C4.B5.A

6.B7.D8.A9.A10.C

11.B12.A13.D14.B15.A

閱讀推斷（第16?22題，每題1分，共7分）

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)依據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出推斷。假如該句供

應(yīng)的是正確信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把A涂黑;假如該句供應(yīng)的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把B涂黑;假如該

句的信息文章中沒有提及，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把C涂黑。

TheIndustrialAgeandEmployment

Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople,swork

hastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthe

changesinworkpatternswhichitbrought,mayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.

But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,

asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademany

peopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeans

toprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustries

andremovedworkfrompeople'shomes.Later,astransportimproved,firstbyrailandthen

byroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,

manypeople'sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhome1ivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylived.

Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpre-industrialtimes,menandwomen

hadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomary

forthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamilies

tohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtoday,andrestrictmoreflexible

sharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantform

ofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded-aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecome

frustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortand

resourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltask

ofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.

16Theestablishedworkpatternsmaybechangedwiththeclosingoftheindustrialage.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17Universalemploymenthasbroughtabouteconomicfreedom.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18Manypeopledependedonthelandforalivingbeforethe17thcentury.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19Improvedtransportenabledpeopletotravellongerdistancestotheirworkplaces.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20Employedwomenofequalqualificationsarepaidlessthanmen.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21Alargenumberofteenagerswillquitschoolnextyear.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22Nowisthetimetohandletheissueofemploymentinapracticalmanner.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

16.A17.B18.A19.A20.C

21.C22.A

概括大意與完成句子（第23?30題，每題1分，共8分）

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2?5

段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；⑵第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成

每個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上.

SearchingforSmiles

1Askmostpeopleanywhereintheworldwhattheywantoutoflifeandthereplywill

probablybe:〃tobehappy./zEdDeiner,anAmericanpsychologyprofessor,hasspenthiswhole

professionallifestudyingwhatmakespeoplehappy,comparinglevelsofhappinessbetween

culturesandtryingtofindoutexactlywhyweenjoyourselves.

2Manypeoplewouldsaythatthisquestiondoesnotneedananswer.ButProfessorDeiner

hasoneanyway.〃Ifyou'reacheerful,happyperson,yourmarriageismorelikelytolast,

andyou'remorelikelytomakemoneyandbesuccessfulatyourjob.Onaverage,happypeople

havestrongerimmune（免疫的）systems,andthereissomeevidencethattheylivelonger.

3Sowhoaretheworld'shappiestpeople?Itdependsonhowthewordisdefined.There

isindividualhappiness,thesenseofjoywegetwhenwedosomethingwelike.Butthereis

alsothefeelingofsatisfactionwegetwhenweknowthatothersrespectusandapproveof

howwebehave.AccordingtoProfessorDeiner,theWesternworldpursuesindividualhappiness

whileAsiaprefersmutualsatisfaction.

4"IntheWest,theindividualistic（個(gè)人主義的）culturemeansthatyourmoodmatters

muchmorethanitdoesintheEast.Peopleaskthemselves,whatcanIdothat，sfunorinteresting?

Theybecomeunhappywhentheycan'tdoanyofthesethings.IfyouaskpeoplefromJapanor

Chinaiftheyarehappy,theytendtolookatwhathasgonewrongintheirlives.Ifnotmuch

hasgonewrong,thentheyaresatisfied./z

5PeoplefromSpainandotherSpanish-speakingcountrieshadthehappiestculture,

ProfessorDeinerfound."Thebiggestculturaldifferenceistodowithprideandshame.Hispanic

（西班牙語言的）culturesreportmuchmoreprideandmuchlessshamethanothers.z，

6Incomealsomadeabigdifferencetopeople*shappiness,butonlyatthelowestlevels.

AverageincomeearnersintheUSweremuchhappierthanpeopleinpoverty.Butmillionaires

wereonlyalittlebithappierthanpeopleonaverageincomes.Itseemsthatmoneymakesus

happywhenwehaveenoughtofeelsecure.

7Butcanwebetoohappy?”Yougetpeoplewhoareactuallyhappy,buttheythinkhappiness

issoimportantthattheytrytobeevenhappier.Thisdesiretobealwayshappyisaproduct

ofindividualism,wheretheemphasisisonyouindividually,youremotionsandfeelinggood.

Peoplecanendupfeelingunhappybecauseordinaryhappinessisnotgoodenoughforthem.”

1Paragraph2.

2Paragraph3.

3Paragraph4.

4Paragraph5.

AHappiestCulture

BAnUnhappyPerson

CDefinitionofHappiness

DCulturalDifferencesinHappiness

EReasonstoBeHappy

FIndividualandOrdinaryHappiness

5ProfessorDeinerhasspentmanyyearsstudyinginhappiness.

6ProfessorDeinerbelievesthatahappypersonislessprone（易患）to.

7Oncewehavegotenoughtofeelsafe,moneydoesnotmakedifferencetoour

happiness.

8AccordingtoProfessorDeiner,somepeoplefeelunhappybecausetheycannot

appreciate.

Aaquestion

Bordinaryhappiness

Cindividualism

Dculturaldifferences

Emuch

Fillnesses

23.E24.C25.D26.A27.D

28.F29.E30.B

閱讀理解（第1?15題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面都有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)細(xì)致閱讀短文并依據(jù)短文回

答其后面的問題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

第一篇

SleepNecessaryforMemories

Burningthemidnightoilbeforeanexamorinterviewdoesharmtotheperformanceaccording

toarecentresearchwhichfoundthatsleepisnecessaryformemoriestobetakenbackinto

thebrain.Agoodnight，ssleepwithin30hoursoftryingtorememberanewtaskisarequired

conditionofhavinggoodrecallintheweeksahead,scientistshavefound.

Theresearch,publishedintheDecemberissueofNatureNeuroscience,showedthatitwas

theactofsleep,ratherthanthesimplepassageoftime,thatwascriticalforlong-termmemory

formation.

zzWethinkthatgettingthatfirstnight'ssleepstartstheprocessofmemoryconsolidation

（鞏固），〃saidRobertStickgold,asleepresearcheratHarvardMedicalSchoolwhoconducted

thelateststudy.

“Itseemsthatmemoriesnormallywashoutofthebrainunlesssomeprocessnailsthemdown.

Mysuspicionisthatsleepisoneofthosethingsthatdoestheflailingdown,“Professor

Stickgoldsaid.

Withaboutoneinfivepeopleclaimingthattheyaresochronicallyshortofsleepthat

itaffectstheirdailyactivities,thelatestworkemphasizesthelesswell-understoodside

effect-seriousmemoryimpairment（損害）.

Volunteersinanexperimentfounditeasiertorememberamemorytaskiftheywereallowed

tosleepthatnight.Butforthosekeptawake,noamountofsubsequentsleepmadeupforthe

initialloss.

ProfessorStickgold,steamtrained24peopletoidentifythedirectionofthreediagonal

（斜線形的）barsflashedforasixtiethofasecondonacomputerscreenfullofhorizontal

（水平的）stripes.

Halfofthesubjectswerekeptawakethatnight,whiletheothersslept.Bothgroupswere

allowedtosleepforthesecondandthirdnightstomakeupforanydifferencesintiredness

betweenthevolunteers.

Thosewhosleptthefirstnightweresignificantlyandconsistentlybetteratremembering

thetaskwhilethesecondgroupshowednoimprovementdespiteenjoyingtwonightsofcatch-up

sleep.

1TheresearchpublishedinNatureNeuroscienceshowedthatwhatwasessentialtothe

formationoflong-termmemorywas.

Aintelligence.

Btime.

Cfood.

Dsleep.

2WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheresearchisNOTtrue?

AItwasdonewithin30hours.

BItwasheadedbyProfessorStickgold.

CItfocusedonlong-termmemoryformation.

DTherewerealtogether24subjectsintheexperiment.

3Stickgold，sresearchfocusedonthesideeffectproducedby.

Amemoryimpairment.

Blackofsleep.

Clowworkefficiency.

Dmemoryrecall.

4InStickgold，sexperiment,thosewhowerekeptawakeonthefirstnight.

Acouldverywellrememberthedirectionofthediagonalbars.

Bdidn，tdoanybetteraftertwonights'sleep.

Cwereastiredasthosewhowerenot.

Dcouldrecallthedirectionofmorebarsthanthosewhowerenot.

5Thosewhosleptthefirstnight.

Acouldn，trememberthetask.

Bcouldnotsleepthesecondandthirdnights.

Cperformedslightlybetterthanthosewhodidnot

Ddidmuchbetterthanthosewhodidnot.

其次篇

TheCherokeeNation

LongbeforethewhitemancametoAmerica,thelandbelongedtotheAmericanIndiannations.

ThenationoftheCherokeeslivedinwhatisnowthesoutheasternpartoftheUnitedStates.

Afterthewhitemancame,theCherokeescopiedmanyoftheirways.OneCherokeenamed

Sequoyahsawhowimportantreadingandwritingweretothewhiteman.Hedecidedtoinvent

awaytowritedownthespokenCherokeelanguage.Hebeganbymakingwordpictures...For

eachwordhedrewapicture.Butthatprovedimpossible-therewerejusttoomanywords.Then

hetookthe85soundsthatmadeupthelanguage.UsinghisownimaginationandanEnglishspelling

book,Sequoyahinventedasignforeachsound.Hisalphabetprovedamazinglyeasytolearn.

Beforelong,manyCherokeesknewhowtoreadandwriteintheirownlanguage.By1828,they

wereevenprintingtheirownnewspaper.

In1830,theU.S.Congresspassedalaw.ItallowedthegovernmenttoremoveIndiansfrom

theirlands.TheCherokeesrefusedtogo.Theyhadlivedontheirlandsforcenturies.It

belongedtothem.WhyshouldtheygotoastrangelandfarbeyondtheMississippiRiver?

ThearmywassenttodrivetheCherokeesout.Soldierssurroundedtheirvillagesandmarched

thematgunpoint（在槍口的威逼下）intothewesternterritory.Thesick,theoldandthesmall

childrenwentincarts,alongwiththeirbelongings,Therestofthepeoplemarchedonfoot

orrodeonhorseback.ItwasNovember,yetmanyofthemstillworetheirsummerclothes.Cold

andhungry,theCherokeeswerequicklyexhaustedbythehardshipsofthejourney.Manydropped

deadandwereburiedbytheroadside.WhenthelastgrouparrivedintheirnewhomeinMarch

1839,morethan4,000haddied.Itwasindeedamarchofdeath.

6TheCherokeesusedtolive.

Abytheroadside.

BinthesoutheasternpartoftheUS.

CbeyondtheMississippiRiver.

Dinthewesternterritory.

7WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutSequoyahisNOTtrue?

AHewasimaginative.

BHewasanIndian.

CHewasawhiteman.

DHewrotedownthespokenCherokeelanguage.

8Alawwaspassedin1830to.

AallowtheCherokeestostaywheretheywere.

BstoptheCherokeesusingtheirownlanguage.

CforcetheCherokeestomovewestward.

DforbidtheCherokeestoprinttheirownnewspaper.

9TheCherokeeswenttotheirnewlands.

Aincarts.

Bonhorseback.

Confoot.

Dalloftheabove.

10Theword〃exhausted'inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby.

Awornout.

Bendedup.

Crunout.

Dfinishedup.

弟—?扁

Knitting

Mymotherknewhowtoknit（紡織），butshenevertaughtme.Sheassumed,asdidmanywomen

ofhergeneration,thatknittingwasnolongeraskillworthpassingdownfrommothertodaughter.

Acombinationoffeminism（女權(quán)主義）andconsumerism（消費(fèi)主義）mademanywomenfeelthatsuch

homelyaccomplishmentswerenowoutofdate.MyGrandmotherstillknitted,though,andevery

Christmasshemadeapairofsocksformybrotherandme,ofredwool（毛線）.Theywerethe

onesweworeunderouriceskates（冰鞋），whenitwasreallyimportanttohavewarmfeet.

Knittingisanervoushabitthathappenstobeproductive.Ithelpedmequitsmokingby

givingmyhandssomethingelsetodo.Itiswonderfulfordepressionbecausenomatterwhat

elsehappens,youarecreatingsomethingbeautiful.Timespentinfrontofthetelevisionor

justsittingisnolongertimewasted.

Ilovebreathinglifeintothepatterns.It'struemagic,findinganeglected,dog-eared

（翻I日了的）oldbookwiththeperfectsnowflakedesign,buyingthesameGermantownwoolmy

grandmotherused,intheexactbluetomatchmydaughter，seyes,takingitonthetrainwith

meeverydayfortwomonths,workingenthusiasticallytogetitdonebyChristmas,staying

uplateafterthestockingsarefilledtosewinthesleevesandweaveintheends.

Knittinghastaughtmepatience.1knowthatif1justkeepgoing,evenifittakesmonths,

therewillbeareward.When1makeamistake,Iknowthatangerwillnotfixit,andthat

Ijusthavetogobackandstartoveragain.

PeopleoftenaskifIwoulddoitformoney,andtheanswerisalwaysadefiniteno.In

thefirstplace,youcouldnotpaymeenoughforthehoursIputintoasweater.Butmoreimportant,

thisisanactivityIkeepseparatefromsuchconsiderations.Iknittocovermychildrenand

otherpeopleIloveinwarmthandcolor.Iknittogivethemsomethingearthlythatmoneycould

neverbuy.

Knittinggivesmylifeanalternativerhythmtothedailydeadline.BydayIcanwrite

aboutNorthernIrelandortheNewYorkCityPoliceDepartmentandgetpaidforit,butonthe

trainhome,surroundedbypeoplewithlaptops,Istagemylittlerebellion.Itakeoutmyold

knittingbagandjointhecenturiesofwomenwhohaveknittedforlove.

11Whydidmanywomenfeelthatknittingwasoutofdate?

ABecausetheirmothershadnottaughtthem.

BBecausetheywereinfluencedbyfeminismandconsumerism

CBecausetheywerefeminists.

DBecausetheywereconsumerists.

12Theauthorworetheredsockshergrandmotherhadknittedforher.

Awhenshewenttoschool.

Bwhenshewenthiking.

CwhenshecelebratedChristmas.

Dwhenshewentskating.

13Theword"quit'inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.

Agiveup.

Bspeedup.

Cslowdown,

Dbuildup.

14Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

AKnittinghelpsonegetridofbadhabits.

BKnittinghelpsonegetfreefromabadmood.

CKnittingrequirespatience.

DKnittingisaprofit-makingbusiness.

15WhichofthefollowingisNOTthewriter5spurposeofknitting?

ATosavemoney.

BTosavetime

CToenrichherlife,

DToshowherloveforthefamily.

1.D2.A3.B4.B5.D

6.B7.C8.C9.D10.A

11.B12.I）13.A14.D15.A

補(bǔ)全短文（第46?50題，每題2分，共10分）

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)依據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將

其分別放回文章原有位置，以復(fù)原文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

Garlic

Fromearlytimesmanhasusedgarlic（大蒜）.TheBiblespeaksofit.TheIsraelites（古

以色歹U人）wereoncefarfromhome.TheycriedouttoMoses,theirleader,forthefoodsthey

loved:leeks（韭菜）,onions,andgarlic.TheRomans,liketheIsraelites,lovedtoeatgarlic.

Andtheyhungbagsofgarlicaroundtheirnecks,(46)Theyalsothoughtitwouldkeep

themfromgettingsick.

Asimilarideaisstillheld.Manypeopletakegarlicthinkingitwillpreventorcure

disease.Mostdoctorssayitdoesnosuchthing.(47)Itssmellmayforcepeopletostay

farapart.Atleastthentheycan'tpassgermsontoeachother.(48)Whatifyou'rein

aplay,forinstance?Actorshavebeenknowntoforgettheirlinesbecausetheycouldn，tstand

thegarlicsmellonafellowactor'sbreath.Somehaveevenmadeupnewlinesandactionsthat

keptthemfarawayfromtheonewhohadeatengarlic.

Throughtheyearsmanhastriedtocopewiththesmellofgarlic.(49)Wenowknow

why.It'sbeenfoundthattheoilsofthegarlicdonotsticktotheteeth,Garlictongue,

orgums(齒齦).Theygointothelungsinstead.Fromtheretheyarebreathedout.Theypass

outthroughtheskintoo.

Strangeasitseems,foodmayhaveagreatdealofgarlicinitwithoutsmellingortasting

strong.Italldependsonhowitiscooked.Frenchcooksmakeagoodsoupwithwholecloves

(瓣)ofgarlic.Theyusemorethanthirtyclovesinonebowlofsoup.Buttheytakecarenot

tocrushthem.Andtheycookthemwhole.(50)Andastheclovescooktheychangeinsome

strangeway.Thesoupturnsouttobedelicious.It'snotstrongatall.

AButnomedicine,mouthwash,chewinggum,ortoothpasteseemstohelpmuch

BAsaresult,thestrongoilsstayinthecloves.

CTheysayitmayhelpinoneway,though.

DManypeopleeatgarlic.

EButkeepingyourdistancecanbehardattimes.

FTheyhopeditwou1dkeepawaytheevileye.

46.F47.C48.E49.A50