英語連詞 課件

EnglishconjunctionscoursewareWhatisaconnection?CommonEnglishconnectionsTheuseofconnectionsMisseandCorrectionofConnectionsPracticeandconsolidationcontents目錄01Whatisaconnection?TheyareusedtoshowtherelationshipbetweentheconnectedelementsConnectionsarealsoknownascoordinatingconnectionsConnectionsarewordsthatconnectwords,phrases,orclausesinasentenceThedefinitionofconnectionsTojoinwordsorphrasesintoameaningfulpresenceToshowtherelationshipbetweentheconnectedelements,suchascontrast,similarity,causeeffect,etcTohelpthereaderunderstandthestructureandlogicofthepresenceThefunctionofconnectionsCoordinatingconnectionsTheseconnectionsareusedtoconnectindependentclausesorcoordinateelementsofequalimportance,suchas"and,""or,""but,"etcSubordinatingconnectionsTheseconnectionsareusedtointroducedependentclauses,providingadditionalinformationormodifyingthemeaningofthemainclauseSomeexamplesinclude"because,""if,""when,"etcRelatedconnectionsTheseconnectionsareusedinpairstoconnectsimilarstructuresorideas,suchas"notonly...butalso,""either...or,"etcClassificationofconnections02CommonEnglishconnectionsNo-usedtointroduceanegativeidea,oftenwith"neither"Example:"Ineitherlikecoffeenortea."And-usedtojointwoormoresimilarideastocreatealistoremphasizesimilarityExample:"Ilikeapples,oranges,andbananas."Or-usedtointroduceachoiceoralternativesExample:"Doyouwantcoffeeortea?"ParallelconnectionsBecause-usedtogiveareasonforsomethingExample:"Iwenttotheparkbecauseitwassunny."Ough-usedtointroduceacontrastingideaExample:"Ilikeicecream,thoughtitmakesmefat."Before-usedtointroduceatimesequenceoraconditionExample:"Beforeyougo,couldyoudomeafavor?"Subordinateconnections

PhrasalconnectionsAswellasusedtoaddanadditionalideaExample:"Ilikehiding,aswellasreadingbooks."Inadditionto-similarto"aswellas",butmoreformalExample:"Inadditiontohiding,Ialsoenjoymountainclimbing."Alongwith-usedtoemphasizeagrouporcollectionExample:"Imetmyfriendalongwithhisfamily."03TheuseofconnectionsCoordinateconnectionsareusedtolinktwoormoreequalrankingideasorclaimsthataregraphicallyindependentofeachother"Somecommonexamplesofcoordinatedconnectionsinclude"and,""or,""but,""yet,""and"how.""Theyareusedtocreatecomplexsensesthatcombinemultipleindependentclaims,allowingformoredetailedandcomprehensiveexpressionofthoughtsandideasCoordinateconnectionscanalsobeusedtocreateparallelstructures,wheresimilarideasorclaimsarejuxtaposedtoemphasizetheirsimilarityorcontrastTheusageofcoordinatedconnectionsSubordinateconnectionsarealsousedtocreateconditionalsenses,expressingarelationshipbetweentwoeventsorsituationswhereoneeventdependsonorisconditionaluponanothereventSubordinateconnectionsareusedtointroducedependentclauses,whichprovidesadditionalinformationthatisnotessentialtothemeaningofthepresenceSomecommonexamplesofsuborderconnectionsinclude"because,""when,""where,""if,"and"appropriate."Theyareusedtocreatecomplexsensesthatcontainamainclauseandoneormoredependentclauses,allowingforamoreadvancedanddetailedexpressionofthoughtsandideasTheuseofadjacentconnectionsPhrasalconnectionsaremultiwordconnectionsthatfunctionasaunitinasense,commonlyasapreparatoryphrasefollowedbyacoordinatingconnectionSomecommonexamplesofphysiologicalconnectionsinclude"inadditionto,""ontopof,""aswellas,""and"inspotof."Theyareusedtolinkideasorclaimsinawaythatprovidesadditionalinformationoremphasizesacontrast,ofcreatingmorecomplexanddetailedintentionsPhrasalconnectionscanalsobeusedtocreateparallelstructures,wheresimilarideasorclaimsarejuxtaposedtoemphasizetheirsimilarityorcontrastTheUsageofPhrasalConnections04MisseandCorrectionofConnectionsMisuseofCoordinatingConnections*Example:"Althoughtheweatherwasbad,westilldecidedtogoout"(Incorrect:"Sotheweatherwasbad,westillwentout")*Explanation:Thecoordinatingconnection"so"isoftenmisusedinplaceof"therebefore",leadingtoalossofprecisioninmeaningCommonMisuseofConnectionsFusionofSubcoordinatingConnections*Example:"Ifyouwanttosucceed,youmustworkhard"(Incorrect:"Whileyouwanttosucceed,youmustworkhard")*Explanation:Thesubcoordinatingconnection"while"isoftenfusedwith"if",leadingtoachangeintheintendedmeaningCommonMisuseofConnections03*Explanation:Thecommissionofconnectionscanleadtoalossofclarityandconnectionbetweenideas01OmissionsofConnections02*Example:"Gotothestoreandbuymilk"(Incorrect:"Gotothestore.Buymilk.")CommonMisuseofConnectionsIntensiveReading*Readavarietyofmaterials,includingnovels,newspapers,andonlinearticlestofamiliarizeyourselfwiththecorrectuseofconnectionsCorrectivemethodsandtechniquesGrammarCheckers*UtilizeonlinegrammarcheckersordownloadapplicationsthatcanassistinidentifyingandcorrectingconnectionerrorsCorrectivemethodsandtechniquesFeedbackfromNativeSpeakers*SeekfeedbackfromnativeEnglishspeakersonyouruseofconnectionsThiscanbedonethroughlanguageexchangepartners,tutoringsessions,oronlinecommunitiesCorrectivemethodsandtechniquesPracticeandReinforcement*Createpracticeexercisesthatfocusoncorrectingconnectionerrors,suchasfindingandcorrectingconnectionerrorsinsensesRepeattheseexercisesuntilthecorrectusagebecomesautomaticCorrectivemethodsandtechniques05PracticeandconsolidationChoosethecorrectconnectorProvideasentenceandhavestudentschoosethecorrectconnectorfromthegivenoptionstomakethemeaningofthesentencecoherent.ContextjudgmentProvidecontextandalternativeconnectors,allowingstudentstodeterminewhichconnec