91-226(防飛濺)萊茵技術(shù) 汽車行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

91/226/EEContheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothespray-suppressionsystemsofcertaincategoriesofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers各成員國關(guān)于某些種類機(jī)動(dòng)車及其掛車濺射抑制系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)法律國家汽車質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)中心萊茵技術(shù)（上海）有限公司北京辦事處

EN中文ConsolidatedTEXT統(tǒng)一文本producedbytheCONSLEGsystemoftheOfficeforOfficialPublicationsoftheEuropeanCommunities歐洲共同體官方出版物辦公室CONSLEG體系出版:—Numberofpages:72頁數(shù)：72頁OfficeforOfficialPublicationsoftheEuropeanCommunities歐洲共同體官方出版物辦公室

1991L0226—N—01.05.2004—002.001Thisdocumentismeantpurelyasadocumentationtoolandtheinstitutionsdonotassumeanyliabilityforitscontents.?B COUNCILDIRECTIVEof27March1991ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothespray-suppressionsystemsofcertaincategoriesofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers(91/226/EEC)(OJL103,23.4.1991,p.5)Amendedby:OfficialJournal：Nopagedate?A1ActofAccessionofAustria,SwedenandFinland C241 21 29.8.1994(adaptedbyCouncilDecision95/1/EC,Euratom,ECSC) L1 1 1.1.1995?A2ActconcerningtheconditionsofaccessionoftheCzechRepublic,theRepublicofEstonia,theRepublicofCyprus,theRepublicofLatvia,theRepublicofLithuania,theRepublicofHungary,theRepublicofMalta,theRepublicofPoland,theRepublicofSloveniaandtheSlovakRepublicandtheadjustmentstotheTreatiesonwhichtheEuropeanUnionisfounded L236 33 23.9.2003共72頁第1頁1991L0226——2004年5月1日—002.001本文件純屬文件編制工具，有關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)對其內(nèi)容不承擔(dān)任何責(zé)任。?B1991年3月27日委員會(huì)指令各成員國關(guān)于某些種類機(jī)動(dòng)車及其掛車濺射抑制系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)法律（91/226/EEC）（OJL103,1991年4月23日，第5頁）由如下指令修訂：公報(bào):編號(hào)頁碼日期?A1奧地利、瑞典和芬蘭已訂合同 C241 21 1994年8月29日（由委員會(huì)決定95/1/ec、歐洲原子能聯(lián)盟、歐洲通信衛(wèi)星委員會(huì)修訂）L1 1995年1月11日?A2添加捷克、愛沙尼亞共和國、塞浦路斯共和國、拉脫維亞共和國、立陶宛共和國、匈牙利共和國、馬爾他共和國、波蘭、斯洛文尼亞和斯洛伐克、共和國相關(guān)法令，以及基于建立歐盟的條約調(diào)整。共72頁第2頁1991L0226—N—01.05.2004—002.001BCOUNCILDIRECTIVEof27March1991ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothespray-suppressionsystemsofcertaincategoriesofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers(91/226/EEC)THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITIES,HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanEconomicCommunity,andinparticularArticle100athereof,HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission(1),IncooperationwiththeEuropeanParliament(2),HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEconomicandSocialCommittee(3),Whereasitisimportanttoadoptmeasureswiththeaimofprogressivelyestablishingtheinternalmarketoveraperiodexpiringon31December1992;whereastheinternalmarketshallcompriseanareawithoutinternalfrontiersinwhichthefreemovementofgoods,persons,servicesandcapitalisensured;Whereasthetechnicalrequirementswhichcertaincategoriesofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailersmustsatisfypursuanttonationallawsrelate,interalia,tothespray-suppressionsystemsofsuchmotorvehicles;WhereastheserequirementsdifferfromoneMemberStatetoanother;whereasitisthereforenecessarythatallMemberStatesadoptthesamerequirementsinorder,inparticular,toallowtheimplementationforeachtypeofvehicleoftheEECtype-approvalprocedurewhichwasthesubjectofCouncilDirective70/156/EECof6February1970ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothetype-approvalofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers(4),aslastamendedbyDirective87/403/EEC(5);Whereas,withaviewtoimprovingroadsafety,itisimportantthatallcommercialvehiclesinhigherweightcategoriesandwithacertainminimumdesignspeedshouldbeequippedwithefficientspray-suppressionsystemsinordertoretainwater;Whereasitisdesirabletoestablishasingleperformancetestforsystemsofthistypeonfittingtothevarioustypesofvehiclesasameansofmarkedlyimprovingthesituation;whereasfortheEECcomponenttype-approvalofdevicesofthistypeaccounthasbeentakenofthetwotypesofdevicescurrentlyonthemarked,i.e.theenergy-absorptiontypeandtheair/waterseparatortype;whereasithasbeennecessarytoprovidefortwodifferenttestsdependingonthetypeofdevicetobeapproved;Whereas,inthelightofthestudies,researchandtestscurrentlyinprogress,aperformancetestonthetypesofvehiclesfittedwiththesedeviceswillbeestablishedassoonaspossible;WhereasMemberStatesshouldpayattentiontothefactthattheformationofspraydependsalsoonthecharacteristicsoftheroadsurface,thetyre-treadconfigurationandthespeedandaerodynamiccharacteristicsofthevehicle;共72頁第3頁1991L0226—中文—2004年5月1日—002.001B1976年7月27日委員會(huì)指令關(guān)于各成員國某些種類機(jī)動(dòng)車及其掛車濺射抑制系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)法律（91/226/EEC）歐洲共同體委員會(huì)考慮到歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體成立時(shí)的條約，尤其是該條約第100條，考慮到委員會(huì)（1）以及考慮到歐洲議會(huì)（2）的提議，考慮到經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)委員會(huì)（3）的意見，鑒于截止到1992年12月31日必須采取措施以逐步建立國內(nèi)市場；鑒于該內(nèi)部市場應(yīng)無內(nèi)部國界限制，在此區(qū)域內(nèi)應(yīng)能確保物品、人員、服務(wù)和資本自由流動(dòng)；鑒于按照本國法律，某些種類的汽車及其掛車，尤其是此種車輛上的濺射抑制系統(tǒng)必須滿足的技術(shù)要求；鑒于各成員國之間上述要求彼此不同；因此，鑒于各成員國必需另外采用同樣的要求，以便達(dá)到準(zhǔn)許實(shí)施歐共體型式認(rèn)證程序之目的。該型式認(rèn)證程序指的是1970年2月6日委員會(huì)指令，關(guān)于各成員國機(jī)動(dòng)車及其掛車型式認(rèn)證（４）的準(zhǔn)法律，最后修訂指令為87/403/EEC（5）其適用涉及到各種車型；鑒于致力于改善道路安全，因此重量較大且擁有某些最小設(shè)計(jì)速度的所有商用車應(yīng)該裝備高效濺射抑制系統(tǒng)以便蓄水；鑒于希望為安裝在不同類型車輛上的此種類型的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行單一性能試驗(yàn)，用來顯著改善狀態(tài)；鑒于目前對于此種類型的歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證已經(jīng)采取兩種類型的設(shè)備，及減能式和氣/水分離器類型；鑒于根據(jù)認(rèn)證的設(shè)備類型，必需進(jìn)行兩種不同的測試；鑒于按照目前正在進(jìn)行中的分析、研究和測試，會(huì)盡快對裝備了這些設(shè)備的各種車輛進(jìn)行性能測試；鑒于各成員國應(yīng)該注意根據(jù)路面、輪胎胎面外層和速度特性以及車輛的空氣動(dòng)力特性而形成的噴霧型式；共72頁第4頁1991L0226—EN—01.05.2004—002.001▼BWhereastheapproximationofnationallawsrelatingtomotorvehiclesentailsthemutualrecognitionbyMemberStatesoftheinspectionscarriedoutbyeachofthemonthebasisofcommonrequirements,HASADOPTEDTHISDIRECTIVE:Article11.MemberStatesshallgrantEECcomponenttype-approvalforanytypeofdevice,hereinafterreferredtoas‘spray-suppressiondevice’,intendedtoreducetheprojectionofsprayfromtyresofmovingvehicles,ifitsatisfiestherequirementsregardingdesignandtestingsetoutinAnnexIIandtakingintoaccountthedefinitionsgiveninAnnexI.2.AMemberStatewhichhasgrantedEECcomponenttype-approvalshalltakethemeasuresrequiredtoverify,insofarasisnecessaryand,ifneedbe,incooperationwiththecompetentauthoritiesoftheotherMemberStates,thatproductionmodelsconformtotheapprovedtype.ForthispurposetheMemberStateshallapplytherequirementsofAnnexIV.Article2MemberStatesshall,foreachspray-suppressiondevicewhichtheyapprovepursuanttoArticle1,issuetothemanufacturerortohisauthorizedrepresentativeanEECcomponenttype-approvalmarkconformingtothemodelinAnnexII,Appendix3.MemberStatesshalltakeallappropriatemeasurestopreventtheuseofmarksliabletocreateconfusionbetweenspray-suppressiondeviceswhichhavebeenapprovedpursuanttoArticle1andotherdevices.Article3NoMemberStatemayprohibittheplacingonthemarketofspray-suppressiondevicesongroundsrelatingtotheirconstructionandperformanceiftheybeartheEECcomponenttype-approvalmark.Nevertheless,thisprovisionshallnotpreventaMemberStatefromtakingsuchmeasureswithregardtospray-suppressiondevicesbearingtheEECcomponenttype-approvalmarkwhichconsistentlyfailtoconformtotheapprovedtype.共72頁第5頁1991L0226—中文—2004年5月1日—002.001B鑒于有關(guān)汽車的本國相關(guān)法律，基于正常條件由各國進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，要求各成員國之間互相認(rèn)可，歐洲共同體委員已采用本指令：第一條1.如果滿足附錄II中相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)和測試設(shè)備的要求并顧及附錄I中給出的定義，則各成員國應(yīng)為任一類型的設(shè)備授予歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證，以下簡稱“濺射抑制設(shè)備”，以降低移動(dòng)車輛的輪胎所噴射的射流。2.已經(jīng)許可歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證的成員國應(yīng)該采取必要措施來進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，如果需要的話，可以其它成員國的主管當(dāng)局合作，以檢驗(yàn)產(chǎn)品型號(hào)是否符合認(rèn)證類型。因此成員國應(yīng)采用應(yīng)該IV的要求。第二條對于按照第一條所認(rèn)證的濺射抑制設(shè)備，成員國應(yīng)該為廠商或氣授權(quán)代表發(fā)表一份符合附錄3，附件II中類型的歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證標(biāo)識(shí)。成員國應(yīng)該采取適當(dāng)措施來防止使用會(huì)在已經(jīng)按照第一條認(rèn)證的濺射抑制設(shè)備與其它設(shè)備之間發(fā)生混淆的標(biāo)識(shí)。第三條如果濺射抑制設(shè)備佩戴了EEC組件認(rèn)證標(biāo)記，則任何成員國均不得以結(jié)構(gòu)和性能為利用禁止其銷售。然而，該規(guī)定允許成員國采取措施禁止標(biāo)有歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證標(biāo)識(shí)卻始終不符合認(rèn)證型號(hào)的濺射抑制設(shè)備的銷售。共72頁第6頁1991L0226—N—01.05.2004—002.001BTheMemberStateconcernedshallforthwithinformtheotherMemberStatesandtheCommissionofthemeasurestaken,specifyingthereasonforitsdecision.TheprovisionsofArticle5shallalsoapply.Devicesshallbedeemednottoconformtotheapprovedtype,withinthemeaningofthesecondparagraph,iftherequirementsofAnnexIIhavenotbeenrespected.Article4ThecompetentauthoritiesofeachMemberStateshall,withinonemonth,sendthecompetentauthoritiesoftheotherMemberStatescopiesoftheEECcomponenttype-approvalcertificatesissuedforeachtypeofspray-suppressiondevicewhichtheyapproveorrefusetoapprove.Article51.IfthecompetentauthoritiesofaMemberStatewhichhasgrantedEECcomponenttype-approvalfindthatspray-suppressiondevicesaccompaniedbycertificatesofconformitytoasingletypedonotconformtothetypeapprovedbythatMemberState,theyshalltakethenecessarymeasurestoensurethattheconformityofproductionmodelstotheapprovedtypeisrestored.TheyshalladvisethecompetentauthoritiesoftheotherMemberStatesofthemeasurestaken,whichmayextendtowithdrawalofEECcomponenttype-approval.ThesaidauthoritiesshalltakethesamemeasuresiftheyareinformedbythecompetentauthoritiesofanotherMemberStateofsuchfailuretoconform.2.ThecompetentauthoritiesoftheMemberStateshall,withinonemonth,informeachotherofawithdrawalofEECcomponenttype-approval,byforwardingacopyofthecomponenttype-approvalcertificate,signedanddatedandbearinginlargelettersthewords‘EECTYPE-APPROVALWITHDRAWN’,andadducingreasonsforanysuchmeasure.3.IftheMemberStatewhichhasgrantedtheEECcomponenttype-approvalchallengestheallegedlackofconformity,theMemberStatesconcernedshallendeavourtosettlethedisagreement.TheCommissionshallbekeptinformed.Wherenecessary,itshallarrangeforappropriatediscussionswithaviewofarrivingatasolution.共72頁第7頁1991L0226——2004年5月1日—002.001B相關(guān)成員國應(yīng)立即將采取的措施通知其它成員國以及委員會(huì)，說明做此決定的理由。也應(yīng)采用第五條中的規(guī)定。如果未考慮附錄II的要求，則可認(rèn)為該設(shè)備不符合第二段定義的認(rèn)證型式。第四條各成員國的主管當(dāng)局應(yīng)該在一個(gè)月內(nèi)將發(fā)布的歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證證書副本發(fā)送給另一個(gè)成員國的主管當(dāng)局，該證書包括經(jīng)其認(rèn)證或拒絕認(rèn)證的各種濺射抑制設(shè)備。第五條1.如果授權(quán)歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證的成員國主管當(dāng)局發(fā)現(xiàn)隨同符合單一類型合格證的濺射抑制設(shè)備不符合成員國的認(rèn)證類型，則他們應(yīng)采取必要措施以確保交還符合認(rèn)證類型的產(chǎn)品型號(hào)。他們應(yīng)該為另一個(gè)成員國的主管當(dāng)局提供所采取的建議措施，這樣可能取消歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證。如果另一個(gè)成員國主管當(dāng)局通知他們無法符合時(shí)，則上述管理機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)采取相同措施。2.成員國的主管當(dāng)局應(yīng)該在一個(gè)月內(nèi)彼此發(fā)送一份組件類型認(rèn)證證書的副本，通知有關(guān)對歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證的撤消，該證書有前面和日期，并用大寫字母注明'EECTYPE-APPROVALWITHDRAWN'（取消歐共體型式認(rèn)證），并舉出采取此措施的理由。3.如果授權(quán)歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證的成員國對不符合陳述提出質(zhì)疑，則相關(guān)成員國應(yīng)盡力解決分歧。并應(yīng)同種委員會(huì)。必要時(shí)應(yīng)安排相關(guān)討論以得出解決方案。共72頁第8頁1991L0226—N—01.05.2004—002.001BArticle6AnydecisiontakenpursuanttotheprovisionsadoptedinimplementationofthisDirectivetorefuseorwithdrawEECcomponenttype-approvalforspray-suppressiondevicesorprohibittheirplacingonthemarketoruseshallsetoutindetailthereasononwhichitisbased.Suchdecisionshallbenotifiedtothepartyconcerned,whoshallatthesametimebeinformedoftheremediesavailabletohimunderthelawsinforceintheMemberStatesandofthetimelimitslaiddownforavailinghimselfofsuchremedies.Article7ForthepurposesofthisDirective,‘vehicle’meansanymotorvehicleincategoryNandanytrailerincategoryOasdefinedinAnnexItoDirective70/156/EEC.Article8NoMemberStatemayrefusetograntEECtype-approvalornationaltype-approvalforvehicles,orrefuseorprohibittheirsale,registration,placinginserviceoruseongroundsrelatingtotheirspray-suppressionsystemifthesearefittedinaccordancewiththerequirementsofAnnexIIIandifthespray-suppressiondeviceswithwhichthevehiclesareequippedbeartheEECcomponenttype-approvalmark.Article9AnyamendmentsnecessaryinordertoadapttherequirementsoftheAnnexestothisDirectivetotakeaccountoftechnicalprogressshallbeadoptedinaccordancewiththeprocedurelaiddowninArticle13ofDirective70/156/EEC.Article101.MemberStatesshallbringintoforcetheprovisionsnecessaryinordertocomplywiththisDirectiveby10April1992.Theyshallforth-withinformtheCommissionthereof.2.MemberStatesshallcommunicatethemainprovisionsofnationallawwhichtheyadoptinthefieldcoveredbythisDirectivetotheCommission.3.WhenMemberStatesadopttheprovisionsreferredtoinparagraph1,theyshallcontainareferencetothisDirectiveorbeaccompaniedbysuchreferenceontheoccasionoftheirofficialpublication.ThemethodsofmakingsuchareferenceshallbelaiddownbytheMemberStates.Article11ThisDirectiveisaddressedtotheMemberStates.共72頁第9頁1991L0226——2004年5月1日—002.001B第六條按照該指實(shí)施指令中采用的規(guī)定而做出的拒絕或撤消對濺射抑制設(shè)備的歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證或禁止其銷售或使用決定，應(yīng)詳細(xì)闡述它的理由基礎(chǔ)。應(yīng)將此決定正式通知當(dāng)事人，并且同時(shí)將可采取的補(bǔ)救措施給予通知，該措施應(yīng)該基于成員國的有效法律，并在有效期限內(nèi)。第七條根據(jù)本指令，“車輛”指的是指令70/156/EEC的附錄I中所定義的種類N中的任一機(jī)動(dòng)車以及種類O中的任一掛車。第八條如果濺射抑制系統(tǒng)的安裝符合附錄III的要求，并且汽車濺射抑制設(shè)備標(biāo)有歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證標(biāo)記，則任何成員國不可拒絕對車輛進(jìn)行歐共體型式認(rèn)證或國內(nèi)類型認(rèn)證授權(quán)，或者拒絕或禁止其銷售、注冊、投入運(yùn)營或在地面使用。第九條考慮到技術(shù)進(jìn)展，符合本指令附錄要求的任一必要修正應(yīng)按照指令70/156/EEC的13條中的流程。第十條1.成員國應(yīng)該使所需規(guī)定生效以便從1992年4月10日其執(zhí)行該指令。并應(yīng)直接通知委員會(huì)。2.成員國應(yīng)該就采用的涵蓋本指令的本國法的主要規(guī)定與委員會(huì)進(jìn)行溝通。3.當(dāng)成員國采用了段落1中參照的規(guī)定時(shí)，該規(guī)定包含對本指令的參考，或公報(bào)中隨附該參考。應(yīng)該由成員國給出指定本參考的方式。第十一條本指令通過寄送方式發(fā)給各成員國。共72頁第10頁1991L0226—EN—01.05.2004—002.001▼BLISTOFANNEXESANNEXI:DefinitionsANNEXII:RequirementsrelatingtotheEECcomponenttype-approvalofspray-suppressiondevicesAppendix1:Testsonspray-suppressiondevicesoftheenergyabsorbertypeAppendix2:Testsonspray-suppressiondevicesoftheair/waterseparatortype.Appendix3:ModelfortheEECcomponenttype-approvalmarkAppendix4:ModelfortheEECcomponenttype-approvalcertificateANNEXIII:RequirementsrelatingtotheEECtype-approvalofatypeofvehiclewithregardtothefittingofspray-suppressionsystems.Appendix: AnnextotheEECtype-approvalcertificateinrespectofatypeofvehiclewithregardtothefittingofspray-suppressionsystems.ANNEXIV:ConformityofproductionCessationofproduction.FIGURES:(1to9)共72頁第11頁1991L0226—中文—2004年5月1日—002.001▼B附件表附件I：定義附錄II：關(guān)于濺射抑制設(shè)備歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證的要求附錄1：對減能器類型濺射抑制設(shè)備的測試附件2：對氣/水分離器類型濺射抑制設(shè)備的測試附件3：適合歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證標(biāo)志的型號(hào)附件4：適合歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證證書的型號(hào)附錄III：對安裝了濺射抑制系統(tǒng)的一種類型車輛的歐共體型式認(rèn)證的要求。附件：安裝了濺射抑制系統(tǒng)的一種類型車輛的歐共體型式認(rèn)證證書的附件。附錄IV：生產(chǎn)符合性產(chǎn)品停產(chǎn)。圖形：（1到9）共72頁第12頁1991L0226—EN—01.05.2004—002.001▼BANNEXIDEFINITIONSForthepurposesofthisDirective,thefollowingdefinitionsapply:1.Spray-suppressionsystem‘Spray-suppressionsystem’meansasystemintendedtoreducethepulverizationofwaterthrownupwardsbythetyresofavehicleinmotion.Thespray-suppressionsystemisvariouslymadeupofamudguard,rainflapsandvalancesequippedwithaspray-suppressiondevice.2.Mudguard‘Mudguard’meansarigidorsemi-rigidcomponentintendedtotrapthewaterthrownupbytyresinmotionandtodirectittowardstheground.Mudguardsmayentirelyorpartiallyformanintegralpartofthevehiclebodyworkorotherpartsofthevehiclesuchasthelowerpartoftheloadplatform,etc.3.Rainflap‘Rainflap’meansaflexiblecomponentmountedverticallybehindthewheel,onthelowerpartofthechassisortheloadingsurface,oronthemudguard.Therainflapmustalsoreducetheriskofsmallobjects,inparticularpebbles,beingpickedupfromthegroundbythetyresandthrownupwardsorsidewardstowardsotherroadusers.4.Spray-suppressiondevice‘Spray-suppressiondevice’meanspartofthespray-suppressionsystem,whichmaycomprise:4.1.Air/waterseparatorThisisacomponentformingpartofthevalanceand/oroftherainflapthroughwhichaircanpasswhilstreducingpulverizedwateremissions.共72頁第13頁1991L0226—中文—2004年5月1日—002.001▼B附件I定義對于該指令采用以下定義：1.濺射抑制系統(tǒng)“濺射抑制系統(tǒng)”指的是用來減少移動(dòng)車輛向上壓出的水花的系統(tǒng)。裝備有濺射抑制設(shè)備的擋泥板、輪胎雨天墊帶和掛布組成不同的濺射抑制系統(tǒng)。2.擋泥板“擋泥板”指的是用來收集移動(dòng)輪胎卷起的水份并將其直接導(dǎo)向地面的剛性或半剛性組件。擋泥板可以全部或部分構(gòu)成汽車車體或汽車其它部件如加載平臺(tái)的下半部等不可分割的部分。3.雨天輪胎襯帶“雨天輪胎襯帶”指的是垂直安裝在車輪后面、底盤下半部或負(fù)載表面，或安裝在擋泥板上的柔性組件。雨天輪胎襯帶頁必須能降低小物體，特別是礫石被輪胎從地面卷起并揚(yáng)向上方或側(cè)向其它道路使用者的危險(xiǎn)。4.濺射抑制設(shè)備“濺射抑制設(shè)備”指的是濺射抑制系統(tǒng)的部件，它可以包括：4.1.氣/水分離器它是構(gòu)成掛布和/或雨天輪胎襯帶的組件，它可以透過空氣同時(shí)減少壓出的水花噴射。共72頁第14頁1991L0226—EN—01.05.2004—002.001B4.2.EnergyabsorberThisisacomponentformingpartofthemudguardand/orvalanceand/orrainflapwhichabsorbstheenergyofwaterspray,thusreducingpulverizedwaterspray.5.Outervalance‘Outervalance’meansacomponentlocatedapproximatelywithinaverticalplanethatisparalleltothelongitudinalplaneofthevehicle.Itmayformpartofamudguardorofthevehiclebodywork.6.Steeredwheels‘Steeredwheels’meansthewheelsactuatedbythevehicle'ssteeringsystem.7.Self-trackingaxle‘Self-trackingaxle’meansanaxlepivotedaboutacentralpointinsuchawaythatitcandescribeahorizontalarc.ForthepurposeofthisDirective,aself-trackingaxleofthe‘pivotsteering’typeisconsideredtobe,andtreatedas,anaxlefittedwithsteeredwheels.8.Self-steeredwheels‘Self-steeredwheels’meanswheelsnotactuatedbythevehicle'ssteeringdevice,whichmayswivelthroughananglenotexceeding20oowingtothefrictionexertedbytheground.9.Liftingaxle‘Liftingaxle’meansanaxlewhichcanbeliftedfromtheroadduringnormalvehicleuse.共72頁第15頁1991L0226—中文—2004年5月1日—002.001B4.2.減能器它是構(gòu)成擋泥板和/或掛布和/或雨天輪胎襯帶的組件，可以吸收噴水能量，從而降低噴射的水花。5.外掛布“外掛布”指的是大致位于與車輛縱向平面相平行的垂直面內(nèi)的組件。它可以構(gòu)成擋泥板或車輛的車體部件。6.轉(zhuǎn)向車輪“轉(zhuǎn)向車輪”指的是由車輛的轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)所激活的車輪。7.自動(dòng)導(dǎo)向車橋“自動(dòng)導(dǎo)向車橋”指的是圍繞中心點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)并以此構(gòu)成水平弧線的車橋。對于本指令來說，“支樞轉(zhuǎn)向”類型的自動(dòng)導(dǎo)向車橋被認(rèn)作或當(dāng)做裝備有轉(zhuǎn)向車輪的車橋。8.自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向車輪“自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向車輪”指的是不由車輛的轉(zhuǎn)向裝置所起動(dòng)的車輪，它可能通過由于摩擦而與地面行車的不超過20度的角來進(jìn)行旋轉(zhuǎn)。9.升高車橋“升高車橋”指的是在車輛正常使用期間可以從公路上升起的車橋。共72頁第16頁1991L0226—EN—01.05.2004—002.001▼B10.Unladenvehicle‘Unladenvehicle’meansabodiedvehicle(orwithoneormorerepresentativecomponents)and,whereappropriate,withcoolantliquid,lubricants,fuel,tools,sparewheel,anddriverhavinganestimatedmassof75kg.11.Tyrecontactpatch‘Tyrecontactpatch’meansthepartofthetyre,incontactwiththeroad(surface),whichprovidesgrip.12.Typeofspray-suppressiondevice‘Typeofspray-suppressiondevice’meansdeviceswhichdonotdifferwithrespecttothefollowingmaincharacteristics:—thephysicalprincipleadoptedinordertoreduceemissions(water-energyabsorption,air/waterseparator),—materials,—shape,—dimensions(insofarastheymayinfluencethebehaviourofthematerial).共72頁第17頁1991L0226—中文—2004年5月1日—002.001▼B10.空載車輛“空載車輛”指的是單車身車輛（或裝備有一個(gè)或多個(gè)組件的車輛），適當(dāng)裝備冷卻液、潤滑劑、燃料、工具、備用輪并有體重約為75公斤的司機(jī)。11.輪胎接地面“輪胎接地面”指的時(shí)部分輪胎與公路（表面）相接觸，并形成抓地力。12.濺射抑制設(shè)備的類型“濺射抑制設(shè)備的類型”指的是根據(jù)下列主要特征而大致相似的設(shè)備：— 采用物理原理以降低噴射（吸收水能、氣/水分離器），— 材料，— 外形，— 尺寸（不至于影響材料的特性）共72頁第18頁1991L0226—N—01.05.2004—002.001BANNEXIIREQUIREMENTSRELATINGTOTHEEECCOMPONENTTYPE-APPROVALOFSPRAY-SUPPRESSIONDEVICES0.Generalspecifications0.1.Spray-suppressiondevicesmustbeconstructedinsuchawaythattheyoperateproperlywhenusednormallyonwetroads.Moreover,theymustincorporatenostructuralormanufacturingdefectdetrimentaltotheirproperfunctioningorbehaviour.1.Teststobecarriedout1.1.Dependingontheirphysicaloperatingprinciplespray-suppressiondevicesaresubjectedtotherelevant2.ApplicationforEECcomponenttype-approval2.1.TheapplicationforEECcomponenttype-approvalofatypeofspray-suppressiondeviceissubmittedbythemanufacturerorbyhisauthorizedrepresentative.2.2.Foreachtypetheapplicationisaccompaniedbythefollowingdocumentsintriplicateandbythefollowinginformationandmaterials:2.2.1.Atechnicaldescriptionofthespray-suppressiondeviceindicatingitsphysicaloperatingprincipleandtherelevanttesttowhichitmustbesubjected,thematerialsusedandoneormoredrawingsinsufficientdetailandtoanappropriatescaletoenablethis(orthese)tobeidentified.2.2.2.Foursamples:threeofwhichfortestsandafourthtobekeptbythelaboratoryforanysubsequentverification.Thetestlaboratorymayrequirefurthersamples.2.3.MarkingsEachsamplemustbeclearlyandindeliblymarkedwiththetradenameormarkandanindicationofthetypeandincludeaspacethatislargeenoughfortheEECcomponenttype-approvalmark.共72頁第19頁1991L0226——2004年5月1日—002.001B附錄II關(guān)于濺射抑制設(shè)備歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證的要求0.通用規(guī)范0.1.濺射抑制設(shè)備的構(gòu)造必須能夠讓其在一般潮濕的公路上正常使用。此外，不得有阻礙正常功能或動(dòng)作的結(jié)構(gòu)或制造缺陷。1.需進(jìn)行的測試1.1.根據(jù)其物理工作原理，應(yīng)該按照附件1和2中所述進(jìn)行相關(guān)測試，并須達(dá)到此附件條款4的所需結(jié)果。2.歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證申請2.1.由廠商或其授權(quán)代表提交對一種類型的濺射抑制系統(tǒng)的歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證申請。2.2.各型式的申請應(yīng)隨附下列文件，一式三份，并包括下列信息和材料：2.2.1.濺射抑制設(shè)備的技術(shù)說明指定其物理工作原理和需進(jìn)行的相關(guān)測試，所用材料以及一張或多張?jiān)敿?xì)圖紙，還有能夠識(shí)別的適當(dāng)比例。2.2.2.四個(gè)樣本：三個(gè)用于測試，第四個(gè)保存在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中用于后續(xù)驗(yàn)證。測試實(shí)驗(yàn)室有可能需要更多樣本。2.3.標(biāo)記各樣本必須清晰耐磨地標(biāo)出商標(biāo)和標(biāo)識(shí)以及型式指示，并有足夠歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證標(biāo)識(shí)的足夠大的空間。共72頁第20頁1991L0226—N—01.05.2004—002.001B3.EECcomponenttype-approval3.0.BeforecarryingouttheproceduresforgrantingEECcomponenttype-approval,thecompetentauthoritymustcheckthatthemanufacturerhaseffectivesystemsformonitoringproductionconformity.3.1.Wherethesamplesthatarerepresentativeofthetypeofdevicetobetype-approvedpasstherelevanttestsasdescribedinAppendices1or2,EECcomponenttype-approvalisissuedforthattypeofspray-suppressiondevice.3.2.Acomponenttype-approvalnumberisassignedtoeachtypeofEECapprovedspray-suppressiondevice.3.3.Anyspray-suppressiondeviceinconformitywithatypeapprovedpursuanttothisDirectivemustbearanEECcomponenttype-approvalmark,soaffixedastobeindelibleandeasilylegibleevenwhenthedeviceisfittedtothevehicle.3.4.TheEECcomponenttype-approvalmark(amodelforwhichisshowninAppendix3)consistsof:3.4.1.arectanglesurroundingthelower-caseletter‘e’,followedbythedistinguishingletter(s)ornumberoftheMemberStatewhichhasgrantedtheEECcomponenttype-approval:1forGermany,2forFrance,3forItaly,4fortheNetherlands,6forBelgium,9forSpain,11fortheUnitedKingdom,13forLuxembourg,18forDenmark,21forPortugal,ELforGreece,IRLforIreland?A1,12forAustria,17forFinland,5forSweden??A2,8fortheCzechRepublic,29forEstonia,CYforCyprus,32forLatvia,36forLithuania,7forHungary,MTforMalta,20forPoland,26forSloveniaand27forSlovakia?;3.4.2.theEECcomponenttype-approvalnumber(correspondingtothenumberonthecomponenttype-approvalcertificate,amodelforwhichisshowninAppendix4),whichisplacedclosetotherectangle,eitherbelowtheletter‘e’,ortotheleftorrightofthatletter.Thedigitsofthecomponenttype-approvalnumberareplacedonthesamesideoftheletter‘e’andfacethesamedirection.TheuseofRomannumeralsincomponenttype-approvalnumbersmustbeavoidedinordertopreventanyconfusionwithothersymbols;3.4.3.theletter‘A’ortheletter‘S’,dependingonwhetherthedeviceisoftheenergy-absorptiontype(A)oroftheair/waterseparatortype(S),locatedinanypositionaboveandclosetotherectangle.共72頁第21頁1991L0226——2004年5月1日—002.001B3.歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證3.0.在進(jìn)行發(fā)放歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證的流程之前，主管當(dāng)局必須檢驗(yàn)廠商是否有監(jiān)控產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量對法定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的符合性的有效系統(tǒng)。3.1.當(dāng)代表某種設(shè)備型式的等待進(jìn)行型式認(rèn)證的樣品通過了附件1或2中所述的相關(guān)測試，則要為該類型的濺射抑制設(shè)備發(fā)放歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證。3.2.將組件型式認(rèn)證編號(hào)分配給各種類型的歐共體認(rèn)證濺射抑制設(shè)備。3.3.按照本指令任一符合型式認(rèn)證的濺射抑制設(shè)備需帶有歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證標(biāo)識(shí)，既便將該設(shè)備按照在車輛上，該標(biāo)識(shí)也應(yīng)耐磨且易于讀取。3.4.歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證標(biāo)識(shí)（附件3中所示的型號(hào)）的組成為：3.4.1.矩形環(huán)繞的小寫字母“e”，后面是辨別字母（s）或發(fā)放歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證的成員國編號(hào)。1代表德國、2代表法國、3代表意大利、4代表荷蘭、6代表比利時(shí)、9代表西班牙、11代表英國、13代表盧森堡、18代表丹麥、21代表葡萄牙、EL代表希臘、IRL代表愛爾蘭?Al、12代表奧地利、17代表芬蘭、5代表瑞典^A2、8代表捷克、29代表愛沙尼亞、CY代表塞浦路斯、32代表拉脫維亞、36代表立陶宛、7代表匈牙利、MT代表馬爾他、20代表波蘭、26代表斯洛文尼亞、27代表斯洛伐克；3.4.2.歐共體組件型式認(rèn)證編號(hào)（相當(dāng)于組件型式認(rèn)證證書上的編號(hào)，為附件4中所示型號(hào)）接近于矩形，位于字母“e”下方或其左右側(cè)。組件型式認(rèn)證編號(hào)數(shù)字位于字母“e”同一側(cè)，并朝向同一方向。須避免在組件型式認(rèn)證中使用羅馬數(shù)字，以免造成與其它符號(hào)相混淆。3.4.3.取決于吸能類型（A）或氣/水分離器類型（S）的字母“A”或字母“S”位于上述任一位置并靠近矩形。共72頁第22頁1991L0226—N—01.05.2004—002.001BAppendix1Testsonspray-suppressiondevicesoftheenergy-absorbertype1.PrincipleTheaimofthistestistoquantifytheabilityofadevicetoretainthewaterdirectedagainstitbyaseriesofjets.Thetestassemblyisintendedtoreproducetheconditionsunderwhichthedeviceistofunctionwhenfittedtoavehicleasregardsthevolumeandspeedofthewaterthrownupfromthegroundbythetyretread.2.EquipmentSeeFigure8foradescriptionofthetestassembly.Thetestsarecarriedoutinastill-airenvironment.3. Procedure3.1.Securea500(+0/?5)mmwide,750mmhighsampleoftheequipmenttobetestedtotheverticalframeofthetestingequipment,makingsurethatthesamplelieswellwithinthelimitsofthecollector,andthatnoobstacleisabletodeflectthewater,eitherbeforeorafteritsimpact.3.2.Setthewaterflowrateat0,675(±0,01)l/sanddirectatleast90lontothesamplefromahorizontaldistanceof500(±2)mm(Figure8).3.3.Allowthewatertotricklefromthesampleintothecollectorandcalculatethepercentage(difference)betweenthequantityofwatercollectedandthequantityofwatersprayed.3.4.Repeatthetestfivetimesandcalculatetheaveragepercentageamountofwatercollected.共72頁第23頁1991L0226——2004年5月1日—002.001B附件1對吸能類型濺射抑制設(shè)備的測試1.原理本測試的目的時(shí)衡量設(shè)備的能力以便通過連續(xù)射流使水直接與其對準(zhǔn)。測試部件用來復(fù)制車輛裝備了該設(shè)備時(shí)，關(guān)于由輪間距離從地面卷起的水量和速度而發(fā)揮的功能。2.設(shè)備參見圖8關(guān)于測試部件的說明。可以在空氣靜止的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行測試。3.流程3.1.將需測試的500（+0/5）毫米寬、750毫米高的設(shè)備樣本固定在測試設(shè)備的立式框架上，確保樣品位于收集器范圍內(nèi)，并且在沖擊前后均無造成水流偏斜的障礙。3.2.將水流量設(shè)定在0,675（0,01）l/s并將至少90l的水量從500（2）毫米的水平距離射到樣品上（圖8}。3.3.讓水從樣品上緩慢滴到收集器中，并計(jì)算所收集的水和噴出的水量之間的百分比（差異）。3.4.重復(fù)進(jìn)行5次測試并計(jì)算所手機(jī)的水量平均百分比。共72頁第24頁1991L0226—N—01.05.2004—002.001B4. Results4.1.Thecalculatedaveragepercentageofwatercollectedduringthefivetestsmustnotbelessthan70%oftheamountofwaterdirectedontothedevice.4.2.Ifthehighestandlowestpercentagesofwatercollecteddepartfromtheaveragepercentagebymorethan5%,thetestisnotvalidandmustberepeated.Ifeveninthesecondtestthehighestandlowestpercentagesofwaterrecoveredagaindepartfromtheaveragepercentagebymorethat5%and/orifthelowervaluedoesnotsatisfytherequirementsofitem4.1,approvalisrefused.4.3.Wheretheverticalpositionofthedeviceinfluencestheresultsobtained,theproceduredescribedinitems3.1and3.4mustberepeatedinthepositionsgivingthehighestandlowestpercentageofwatercollected;therequirementsofitem4.2remaininforce.Therequirementsofitem4.1remaininforceinordertogivetheresultofeachtest.共72頁第25頁1991L0226——2004年5月1日—002.001B4.結(jié)果4.1.在五次測試期間計(jì)算出的所收集到的水量平均百分比不得小于噴射到設(shè)備上水量的70％。4.2.如果所收集到水量的最高和最低百分比與平均值百分比相差5％以上，則該測試無效，須重新進(jìn)行。如果即使在第二次測試中所收集水量的最高和最低百分比仍然與平均百分比相差5％以上，或下限值未滿足條款4.1中的要求，則拒絕對其發(fā)放認(rèn)證。4.3.如果裝置的垂直位置影響所得到的結(jié)果，則必須在給出收集水量最高和最低百分比的位置重新進(jìn)行條款3.1和3.4中所述的流程；條款4.2中的要求仍然有效。條款4.1的要求仍然有效，以便提供各測試的結(jié)果。共72頁第26頁1991L0226—EN—01.04.2004—002.001▼BAppendix2Testonspray-suppressiondevicesoftheair/waterseparatortype1.PrincipleThistestisintendedtodeterminetheeffectivenessofaporousmaterialintendedtoretainthewaterwithwhichithasbeensprayedbymeansofapressurizedair/waterpulverizer.Theequipmentusedforthetestmustsimulatetheconditionstowhichthematerialwouldbesubmitted,withregardtothevolumeandspeedofthewaterspraysproducedbythetyres,ifitwerefittedtoavehicle.2.Equipment2.1.ThetestassemblyisasdescribedinFigur