高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)去分詞在寫作中的運(yùn)用知識(shí)講解講義

過(guò)去分詞在寫作中的運(yùn)用一、必備語(yǔ)法知識(shí)1.過(guò)去分詞Ved既有形容詞和副詞的特征，所以可在句中做定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等成分；eg:過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)2.也保留有動(dòng)詞的特征，因此在句中可有自己的狀語(yǔ)和邏輯主語(yǔ)eg:Iheardmynamecalled.我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人叫我的名字。過(guò)去分詞called在句中作賓補(bǔ)過(guò)去分詞called的邏輯主語(yǔ)是myname3.帶雙賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的過(guò)去分詞還可有自己的賓語(yǔ)。4.過(guò)去分詞Ved形式的否定形式：在其前加not二、過(guò)去分詞在寫作中的運(yùn)用（一）過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)1單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)常位于被修飾的名詞前eg:aretiredteacher一位退休的老師換成定語(yǔ)成句：ateacherwhoisretired2過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)則位于被修飾的名詞后eg:abookwrittenbyMoYan一本莫言寫的書換成定語(yǔ)從句：abookwhichiswrittenbyMoYan3過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)組成的高頻寫作短語(yǔ)寫人：afrightenedexpression一個(gè)驚恐的表情asatisfiedsmile一個(gè)滿意的微笑mixedfeelings復(fù)雜的情感（喜憂參半）swolleneyes腫脹的眼睛excitedchildren興奮的孩子theexhaustedathleteaworriedlook擔(dān)憂的表情aninjuredfinger一個(gè)受傷的手指terrifiedpeople受到驚嚇的人們寫物：abrokencup一個(gè)破碎的杯子pollutedwater被污染的水寫景：fadedflowers凋謝的花fallenleaves落葉therisensun升起的太陽(yáng)（二）過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞在句中可以作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間、原因、方式或伴隨1作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（1）過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，可在過(guò)去分詞前加when等連詞Seenfromthehill,thevillagelooksbeautiful.=Whenseenfromthehill,thevillagelooksbeautiful.注意：此時(shí)為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。省略的是主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。補(bǔ)充完整為：Whenthevillageisseenfromthehill,thevillagelooksbeautiful.從山上看時(shí)，這個(gè)村莊看起來(lái)很漂亮。（2）狀語(yǔ)從句的省略條件：當(dāng)主從句主語(yǔ)一致，且從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞部分含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可省略從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。請(qǐng)把下列句子分別改為省略句和過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的句子：exercise1：Whenshewasaskedabouttheaddress,thegirldidn’trespond.改寫為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略句：__________________________________________改為過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)：__________________________________________answers:狀語(yǔ)從句的省略：Whenaskedabouttheaddress,thegirldidn’trespond.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)：Askedabouttheaddress,thegirldidn’trespond.exercise2:WhenyouareinvitedtohavedinnerathomebyaChinesefriend,youshouldarriveontimeoraheadoftime.改寫為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略句：__________________________________________改為過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)：___________________________________________answers:狀語(yǔ)從句的省略：WheninvitedtohavedinnerathomebyaChinesefriend,youshouldarriveontimeoraheadoftime.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)：InvitedtohavedinnerathomebyaChinesefriend,youshouldarriveontimeoraheadoftime.過(guò)去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常位于句首(1).Satisfiedwithwhathedid,theteacherpraisedTominclass.由于對(duì)他的行為感到滿意，老師在班上表?yè)P(yáng)了Tom.可換為原因狀語(yǔ)從句：Becausetheteacherwassatisfiedwithwhathedid,theteacherpraisedTominclass.(2).Motivatedbytheastronaut’sstory,Jeffdeterminedtopursuehisspacedream.由于受到這位宇航員的故事的鼓舞，Jeff決定追求他的太空夢(mèng)換成狀語(yǔ)從句：__________________________________________answer:Becausehewasmotivatedbytheastronaut’sstory,Jeffdeterminedtopursuehisspacedream.（3）Frightenedbythenoiseinthemidnight,theboywasfrozenwithfear.由于被午夜的聲響驚到，這個(gè)男孩嚇得一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。換成狀語(yǔ)從句：__________________________________________answer:Becausehewasfrightenedbythenoiseinthemidnight,theboywasfrozenwithfear.(4)Chokedbytheheavysmoke,theycouldbarelybreathe.由于被濃煙嗆到，他們幾乎不能呼吸了。換成狀語(yǔ)從句：___________________________________________answer:Becausehewaschokedbytheheavysmoke,theycouldbarelybreathe.(5)Lostindeepthought,hedidn’thearthebellring.因?yàn)槌两谒伎贾?，他沒(méi)有聽(tīng)見(jiàn)鈴響了。換成狀語(yǔ)從句：___________________________________________answer:(6)Becausehewaslostindeepthought,hedidn’thearthebellring.（1）United,westand;divided,wefall.合則立；分則敗。換為條件狀語(yǔ)從句：Ifweareunited,westand;Ifwearedivided,wefall.（2）Givenbetterattention,theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.如果多加注意，這次事故本可避免。換成狀語(yǔ)從句：Ifitisgivenbetterattention,theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.（3）Wateredmore,theseflowerscouldhavegrownbetter.如果澆更多的水，這些花兒能夠長(zhǎng)得更好。換為狀語(yǔ)從句：_______________________________________answers:Iftheseflowerswerewateredmore,thereflowerscouldhavegrownbetter.（1）Shestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.她靜靜地站在那兒，感動(dòng)得流下了淚水。(2)Supportedbyherson,theoldladywentintotheroom.在她兒子的攙扶下，這位老太太走進(jìn)了房間。（三）過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)ThesongisoftenheardsungduringtheSpringFestival.在春節(jié)期間，總是聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人唱這首歌。sung作主語(yǔ)thesong的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Ioftenheardthesongsung