虛擬語氣課件(經(jīng)典)

Subjunctive

MoodWemetinthisroom.DocometothemeetingnextFriday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.陳述語氣祈使語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式，一是用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測、愿望等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語從句中)；一是表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等(在賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)。虛擬語氣的概念

虛擬語氣的主要內(nèi)容一、非真實(shí)條件句〔if等〕中的虛擬語氣時態(tài)一致2.錯綜時間的虛擬句3.if省略用倒裝句4.含蓄條件句5.Ifonly感慨二、名詞性從句的虛擬語氣：賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句三、幾種特殊的虛擬語氣句式wish、asif/though、wouldrather、It’stime…It’snecessary/strange/matural/inportant+that從句1)IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.2)IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadethemistake.3)IfIhadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.4)Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldnotgoshopping.

1.IfIhad5000yuan,Iwouldbuyacomputer.〔與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反〕2.IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.4.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.〔與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反〕〔與過去事實(shí)相反〕1)IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.2)IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadethemistake.3)IfIhadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.4)Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldnotgoshopping.

5)Hewasshakingwithfright

asif

hehadseenaghost.a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.Ifhe__________〔drive〕morecarefully,he_________________(nothave)thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

2、錯綜時間的虛擬句

通常情況下,在非真實(shí)條件句中主句和從句的謂語動詞所指時間是一致的,但有時也可能指不同的時間,這時要根據(jù)上下文的意思采用不同的謂語動詞形式.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(從句指現(xiàn)在,主句指過去)。2.

IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning,Iwouldnotbewetnow.(從句指過去,主句指現(xiàn)在)。虛擬語氣3、省略if的條件從句當(dāng)從句中有were,had或should時，可省略if，而把它們放在句首。IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.

WereItomeethimtomorrow,…Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Shouldhefailintheexperiment…

Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.虛擬語氣在在條件從句中Hadyoucomeafew….4.without,butfor，or和otherwise構(gòu)成虛擬。butfor要不是，or否那么〔含蓄條件句〕1.〕Withoutsunlight,therewouldbenolifeonourplanet.2.〕Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.3.〕Iwasillthatday.otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.(副詞)4.〕Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(連詞)2.用于表示命令、建議、要求等一類詞后面的賓語從句。insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,require,request,demand,desireetc.Wesuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Theyinsistedthattheboy(should)gowiththem.注意：suggest當(dāng)表示“暗示、說明“講時，insist表示〞堅持認(rèn)為“之意時，應(yīng)用陳述語氣。Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.他臉上的表情說明他對我們的工作很滿意．那個人堅持說他沒有偷錢．在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等名詞后的表語和同位語從句中要用“should＋動詞原形〞should可以省略．〔2〕用于表語從句和同位語從句Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.二.

名詞性從句的虛擬語氣。主要是表示命令、要求、建議的虛擬語氣。賓語從句。常見動詞：一個堅持：insist兩個命令：order,command

三個建議：advise,suggest,propose五個要求：demand,require,request,desire

ask

這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞使用should+動詞原形，或者將should省略。虛擬語氣在：在賓語從句中

注意:insist/suggest各有兩意思，要用不同的語氣①表“堅決要求〞,虛擬,should+do;②表“堅稱,堅持說〞,陳述語氣,表事實(shí)。①表“建議〞，虛擬,should+do;②表“說明、暗示〞，用陳述語氣。1.Theteachersuggestedthatwe______________moreafterclass.〔我們課后多練習(xí)〕2.Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe________happy3.Heinsistedthatallofus___________thereontimebyanymeans.〔我們大家想盡方法按時去那兒〕4.Heinsistedthathe_____________thewallet(沒有偷錢包).insistsuggest(should)practisewasshouldbedidn’tsteal我們建議Tom去休息一下。他堅決要求我到場。國王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。WesuggestedthatTom

have

arest.HeinsistedthatI

(should)be

present.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners

bekilled

thenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe

(should)send

themtoworkthere.以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣。即：(should)＋V.

order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireIt’ssuggestedthattheplan

Mydemandisthatshe

toseemeonceaweek.Wearefortheadvicethatthefactory

closeddown.becarriedout.shouldcomeshouldbe１、wish后面的賓語從句中。一般用虛擬語氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。其謂語動詞形式為：表現(xiàn)在過去時表過去過去完成時表將來would,might,could＋動詞原形Iwish(that)Iwereabird.Iwish(that)Ihadseenthefilmlastnight.Iwish(that)Iwould\couldgo.三.虛擬語氣特殊句型:1.wish的賓語從句現(xiàn)在:過去時〔were〕過去:過去完成時未來:would/could/might+V.shouldIwishI

astallasyou.wereIwisheveryday

mybirthday.wereIwish/wishedI

eatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示對過去情況的虛擬:從句動詞常用“had＋過去分詞〞。hadn’tIwishit

raintomorrow.wouldHelooksasifhe

drunk.Theytalkedasiftheyfriendsforyears.

Shelovesthebabyasifitherownson.Irememberedthewholethingasifityesterday.werehadhappenedhadbeenwere2,Asif/though和wish用法相同3.wouldrather(that)現(xiàn)在,將來：過去：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Iwouldratheryoucame

tomorrow.過去時過去完成時3.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…should+V.過去時我們該去睡覺了。It’stimethatwe.It’stimethatwetobed.(Should不可省略)wenttobedshouldgo4.Ifonly…要是就好了

IfonlyI

knew

hisname!

Ifonlywe

hadfollowed

youradvice!!

IfonlyI

weretosee

himagain!要是我們的父母和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒錯過火車就好了！Ifonlyourparentslivedwithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!虛擬語氣Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.—Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.—Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe________thatdrug.A.nottake

B.hadn’ttakenC.didn’ttake

D.shouldn’thavetakenExercises虛擬語氣3.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten4.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsell5.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone虛擬語氣9.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?--No,butIwishI___.A.haveB.willC.doD.had10.Idon’tthinkitistherighttimethatyou__.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.mustgo11.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit＿＿＿＿.A.breaks

B.hasbroken

C.werebroken

D.hadbeenbroken

1.Ifmyfather______herenow,he_____tellmewhattodo.A.were,wouldBwere,willCis,wouldDwas,will2.IfI________abee,I__________workmuchharder.Awere,wouldBwere,shallC