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目錄
2010年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英
語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
2011年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英
語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
2012年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英
語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
2013年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英
語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
2014年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英
語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
2015年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英
語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
2010年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
一、詞語翻譯
I.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese:(15ps)
1.deoxyribonucleicacid
【答案】脫氧核糖核酸(DNA)
2.forcemajeure
【答案】不可抗力
3.carbondioxide
【答案】二氧化碳
4.magicrealism
【答案】魔幻現(xiàn)實主義
5.OED
【答案】軍械工程處(OrdnanceEngineeringDivision)
6.theAPECCEOSummit
【答案】亞太經(jīng)合組織工商領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會
7.UNFCCC
【答案】聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約(TheUnitedNationsFramework
ConventiononClimateChange)
8.OntheOriginofSpecies
【答案】《物種起源》
9.multipolarity
【答案】多極化
10.ecocriticism
【答案】生態(tài)批評
11.thrillerfilm
【答案】驚悚片
12.FOB
【答案】離岸價格(freeonboard)
13.optimizeeconomicstructure
【答案】優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)
14.overallrevitalization
【答案】全面振興
15.SiliconValley
【答案】硅谷
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish(15ps)
1.白條
【答案】blanknote
2.共贏
【答案】win-win
3.碩士點
【答案】masterdegreeprogram
4.釘子戶
【答案】nailhousehold
5.次貸危機(jī)
【答案】subprimecrisis
6.金磚四國
【答案】BRIC(BrazilRussiaIndiaChina)
7.親子鑒定
【答案】paternitytesting
8.打黑除惡
【答案】crimecrackdown
9.整頓小煤礦
【答案】rectifysmallcoal-mines
10.中國大陸
【答案】mainlandChina
11.教師休息室
【答案】Teachers’lounge
12.混合動力汽車
【答案】hybridelectricvehicle
13.四項基本原則
【答案】fourfundamentalprinciples
14.發(fā)展是硬道理
【答案】developmentisofoverridingimportance
15.社會主義和諧社會
【答案】harmonioussocialistsociety
二、外漢互譯
III.TranslatetheunderlinedpartintoChinese.
Manwasthelasttocomebutthefirsttousehisbrainforthepurposeof
conqueringtheforcesofnature.Thatisthereasonwhywearegoingtostudy
him,ratherthancatsordogsorhorsesofotheranimals,who,allintheirown
way,haveaveryinterestinghistoricaldevelopmentbehindthem.
Inthebeginning,theplanetuponwhichwelivewas(asfaraswenowknow)
alargeballofflamingmatter,atinycloudofsmokeintheendlessoceanof
space.Gradually,inthecourseofmillionsofyears,thesurfaceburneditself
out,andwascoveredwithathinlayerofrocks.Upontheselifelessrocksthe
raindescendedinendlesstorrents,wearingoutthehardgraniteandcarrying
thedusttothevalleysthatlayhiddenbetweenthehighcliffsofthesteaming
earth.Finally,thehourcamewhenthesunbrokethroughthecloudsandsaw
howthislittleplanetwascoveredwithafewsmallpuddleswhichwereto
developintothemightyoceansoftheeasternandwesternhemisphere.
Thenonedaythegreatwonderhappened.Whathadbeendeadgavebirthto
life.Thefireslivingcellfloateduponthewatersofthesea.Formillionsof
yearsitdriftedaimlesslywiththecurrents.Butduringallthattimeitwas
developingcertainhabitsthatitmightsurvivemoreeasilyuponthe
inhospitableearth.Someofthesecellswerehappiestinthedarkdepthofthe
lakesandthepools.Theytookrootintheslimysedimentswhichhadbeen
carrieddownfromthetopsofthehillsandtheybecameplants.Others
preferredtomoveaboutandtheygrewstrangejointedlegs,likescorpions
andbegantocrawlalongthebottomoftheseaamidsttheplantsandthepale
greenthingsthatlookedlikejelly-fishes.Stillothers(coveredwithscales)
dependeduponaswimmingmotiontogofromplacetoplaceintheirsearch
forfood,andgraduallytheypopulatedtheoceanwithmyriadsoffishes.
Meanwhiletheplantshadincreasedinnumberandtheyhadtosearchfornew
dwellingplaces.Therewasnomoreroomforthemattherandomofthesea.
Reluctantlytheyleftthewaterandmadeanewhomeinthemarshesandon
themud-banksthatlayatthefootofthemountains.Twiceadaythetidesof
theoceancoveredthemwiththeirbrine.Fortherestofthetime,theplants
madethebestoftheiruncomfortablesituationandtriedtosurviveinthethin
airwhichsurroundedthesurfaceoftheplanet.Aftercenturiesoftraining,
theylearnedhowtoliveascomfortablyintheairastheyhaddoneinthe
water.Theyincreasedinsizeandbecameshrubsandtreesandatlastthey
learnedhowtogrowlovelyflowerswhichattractedtheattentionofthebusy
bighumble-beesandthebirdswhocarriedtheseedsfarandwideuntilthe
wholeearthhadbecomecoveredwithgreenpastures,orlaydarkunderthe
shadowofthebigtrees.Butsomeofthefishestoohadbeguntoleavethe
sea,andtheyhadlearnedhowtobreathewithlungsaswellaswithgills.We
callsuchcreaturesamphibious,whichmeansthattheyareabletolivewith
equaleaseonthelandandinthewater.Thefirstfrogwhocrossesyourpath
cantellyouaboutthepleasuresofthedoubleexistenceoftheamphibian.
【參考譯文】
起初,我們生活的星球(就我們現(xiàn)有認(rèn)知程度看來)是一顆巨大的火
球,是無垠空間中一團(tuán)微不足道的云霧。在幾百萬年間,地球表面漸漸
燃盡,覆蓋上了一層薄薄的巖層。雨水的激流不停地沖刷這些無生命的
巖石,磨損了堅硬的花崗巖,將塵埃帶進(jìn)熱氣蒸騰的峭壁之間。最后的
時刻終于來臨,太陽穿透云層,眼看這顆小星球上的若干水坑如何發(fā)展
成東西半球的大洋。
然后有一天,偉大的奇跡出現(xiàn)了,死氣沉沉的地方開始出現(xiàn)生命。最初
的活細(xì)胞漂浮在海面上。幾百萬年間,它漫無目的地隨波逐流。但它在
此期間形成了一些習(xí)性,讓它在荒涼的大地上更易于生存。一些細(xì)胞喜
歡呆在湖泊和水池黑暗的深處。它們在從山頂滑落的粘稠沉積物中扎
根,并演變成植物。另一些細(xì)胞喜歡四處移動。它們長出像蝎子一樣的
奇怪節(jié)肢,在海底植物和像水母一樣的淡綠色物體之間爬行。還有一些
(覆有鱗片的)細(xì)胞從一處游到另一處尋覓食物,漸漸進(jìn)化為海洋中隨
處可見的魚類。
與此同時,植物的數(shù)量增加了,它們不得不尋找新住所。海底已經(jīng)沒有
多余的地方留給它們了。它們極不情愿地離開海水,在沼澤和山腳的泥
灘中建造了新居。每天兩次的潮汐為它們提供鹽水。剩下的時間里,這
些植物努力適應(yīng)不舒服的新環(huán)境,試著在地球表面稀薄的空氣里生存下
去。經(jīng)過幾個世紀(jì)的訓(xùn)練,他們學(xué)會了如何在空氣里舒適地生活,就
像曾經(jīng)在水中生活一樣。它們體型變大,演化成灌木和喬木。最終,它
們學(xué)會了如何長出可愛的花朵,吸引繁忙的大黃蜂和鳥類,讓它們把種
子帶往遼闊的遠(yuǎn)方,直至綠色的草原和大樹的濃蔭遍布整個地球。
IV.將下面二段中文準(zhǔn)確、得體地譯成漢語。(60分)
集藏者,集而藏之者也。集與藏并不是相同的概念。集在先,藏在后。
集,重在數(shù)量之繁復(fù);藏,貴在時間之恒久。兩者既相互又聯(lián)結(jié),又相
互滲透,形成了一種文化形態(tài)。古今中外都有集藏活動,他隨著時代的
推進(jìn)而逐步走向豐富多彩,引人入勝。這正反映了文明進(jìn)步與社會多層
次文化發(fā)展的一個側(cè)面。
一個勝任的翻譯家應(yīng)該同時從事些研究工作,對所譯作者的生平及思想
應(yīng)有一定的了解。我傾向把翻譯家分為兩類。一是即興的(或打游擊式
的)翻譯家,另一類是陣地翻譯家,他們往往以畢生精力系統(tǒng)地翻譯一
兩位外國作家的著作,如翻譯潘家洵至于易卜生,傅雷之于巴爾扎克以
及汝龍之于契訶夫。這類翻譯家往往在翻譯之余,也從事研究工作。
【參考譯文】
Collecting-keepingmeanscollectingsomethingandthenkeepit.Collecting
andkeepingarenotthesameconception.Collectingcomesbeforekeeping.
Speakingofcollecting,themostimportantthingisquantity;ofkeeping,long-
lasting.Theyarerelativelyindependentandmeanwhileinfiltratedwitheach
other.Asaresult,theyformedanewculturalpattern.Thereareallsortsof
collecting-keepingactivitiesatalltimesandinallcountries,whichare
gettingmoreandmorecolorfulandabsorbingwithtimegoesby.Itreflects
oneaspectoftheprogressofhumancivilizationandthemulti-levelsocial
andculturaldevelopment.
Acompetenttranslatorshoulddosomeresearchwhiletranslating,heshould
knowsomethingofthelifeandthoughtoftheauthor.I’dliketodivide
translatorintotwocategories:oneisimpromptuorguerrillastyletranslator,
theotheris“position”translator.Thelatteroftentendstohavelife-longeffort
tosystematicallytranslatetheworksofoneortwoforeignauthors,suchas
PanJiaxuntoIbsen,FuLeitoBalzacandRuLongtoChekov.Besides
translating,thiskindoftranslatorsoftendoesresearch.
2011年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
I.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese:(15ps)
1.Dieseloil
【答案】柴油
2.borderfence
【答案】邊境圍欄
3.oddnumber
【答案】奇數(shù)
4.lyricalpoem
【答案】抒情詩
5.cognitivepsychology
【答案】認(rèn)知心理學(xué)
6.UNESCO
【答案】聯(lián)合國教科文組織
7.WTO
【答案】世界貿(mào)易組織
8.AMidsummerNight’sDream
【答案】仲夏夜之夢
9.Tradeshow
【答案】展銷會
10.environmentaljustice
【答案】環(huán)境正義
11.inversetranslation
【答案】逆向翻譯
12.CIF
【答案】到岸價格
13.BlackEurope
【答案】黑歐洲
14.symphonyorchestra
【答案】交響樂團(tuán)
15.ArmisticeDay
【答案】停戰(zhàn)日
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish:(15ps)
1.東盟
【答案】ASEAN
2.殘奧會
【答案】TheParalympicGames
3.廉租房
【答案】Low-rentHouses
4.釣魚島
【答案】DiaoyuIsland
5.公務(wù)用車
【答案】governmentcar
6.不可抗力
【答案】ActofGod
7.論文答辯
【答案】(thesis)oraldefense
8.再生能源
【答案】renewablesourcesofenergy
9.人均排放
【答案】Percapitaemissions
10.實體經(jīng)濟(jì)
【答案】therealeconomy
11.第三產(chǎn)業(yè)
【答案】tertiaryindustry
12.包容性增長
【答案】inclusivegrowth
13.野生動物園
【答案】safaripark
14.(世博會之)展館
【答案】Exhibitionhall
15.《與臺灣關(guān)系法》(美國)
【答案】TaiwanRelationsAct
III.TranslatetheunderlinedpartintoChinese:(60ps)
AndthenwehaveMajorWeir;foralthoughevenhishouseisnow
demolished,oldEdinburghcannotclearherselfofhisunholymemory.He
andhissisterlivedtogetherinanodourofsourpiety.Shewasamarvelous
spinster;hehadararegiftofsupplication,andwasknownamongdevout
admirersbythenameofAngelicalThomas.Hewasatall,blackman,and
ordinarilylookeddowntotheground;agrimcountenance,andabignose.
Hisgarbwasstillacloak,andsomewhatdark,andheneverwentwithouthis
staff.HowitcameaboutthatAngelicalThomaswasburnedincompanywith
hisstaff,andhissisteringentlermannerhanged,andwhetherthesetwowere
simplyreligiousmaniacsofthemorefuriousorder,orhadrealaswellas
imaginarysinsupontheirold-worldshoulders,arepointshappilybeyondthe
reachofourintention.Atleast,itissuitableenoughthatoutofthis
superstitiouscitysomesuchexampleshouldhavebeenputforth:the
outcomeandlineflowerofdarkandvehementreligion.Andatleastthefacts
struckthepublicfancyandbroughtfortharemarkablefamilyofmyths.It
wouldappearthattheMajor’sstaffwentuponhiserrands,andevenran
beforehimwithalanternondarknights.Giganticfemales,‘stentoriously
laughingandgapingwithteheesoflaughter’atunseasonablehoursofnight
andmorning,hauntedthepurlieusofhisabode.Hishousefellundersucha
loadofinfamythatnoonedaredtosleepinit,untilmunicipalimprovement
leveledthestructuretotheground.Andmyfatherhasoftenbeentoldinthe
nurseryhowthedevil’scoach,drawnbysixcoal-blackhorseswithfiery
eyes,woulddriveatnightintotheWestBow,andbelatedpeoplemightsee
thedeadMajorthroughtheglasses.
Anotherlegendisthatofthetwomaidensisters.AlegendIamafraiditmay
be,inthemostdiscreditablemeaningoftheterm;orperhapssomething
worse—amereyesterday’sfiction.Butitisastoryofsomevitality,andis
worthyofaplaceintheEdinburghcalendar.Thispairinhabitedasingle
room;fromthefacts,itmusthavebeendouble-bedded;anditmayhavebeen
ofsomedimensions:butwhenallissaid,itwasasingleroom.Hereourtwo
spinstersfellout—onsomepointofcontroversialdivinitybelike(也許):but
felloutsobitterlythattherewasneverawordspokenbetweenthemblackor
whitefromthatdayforward,foilwouldhavethoughttheywouldseparate:
butno;whetherfromlackofmeans,ortheScottishfearofscandal,they
continuedtokeephousetogetherwheretheywere.Achalklinedrawnupon
thefloorseparatedtheirtwodomains;itbisected(切成兩部分)thedoorway
andthefireplace,sothateachcouldgooutandin,anddohercooking,
withoutviolatingtheterritoryoftheother.So,foryears,theycoexistedina
hatefulsilence;theirmeals,theirablutions,theirfriendlyvisitors,exposedto
anunfriendlyscrutiny;andatnight,inthedarkwatches,eachcouldhearthe
breathingofherenemy.Neverdidfourwallslookdownuponanuglier
spectaclethanthesesistersrivalinginunsisterliness.Hereisacanvasfor
Hawthornetohaveturnedintoacabinetpicture—hehadaPuritanicvein.
whichwouldhavefittedhimtotreatthisPuritanichorror;hecouldhave
shownthemtousintheirsicknessesandattheirhideoustwindevotions,
thumbingapairofgreatBibles,orprayingaloudforeachother’spenitence
withmarrowy(多髓的,有力的)emphasis;noweach,withkiltedpetticoat,at
herowncornerofthefireonsometempestuousevening;nowsittingeachat
herwindow,lookingoutuponthesummerlandscapeslopingfarbelowthem
towardsthefirth(峽灣)field-pathswheretheyhadwanderedhandinhand;
or,asageandinfirmitygrowuponthemandprolongedtheirtoilettes,and
theirbandsbegantotrembleandtheirheadstonodinvoluntarily,growing
onlythemoresteeledinenmitywithyears;untilonefineday,ataword,a
look,avisitortheapproachofdeath,theirheartswouldmeltandthechalk
boundarybeoversteppedforever.
Alas!Tothosewhoknowtheecclesiasticalhistoryoftherace—themost
perverseandmelancholyinman’sannals—thiswillseemonlyafigureof
muchthatistypicalofScotlandandherhigh-seatedcapitalabovetheForth
—afiguresogrimlyrealisticthatitmaypasswithstrangersforacaricature.
【參考譯文】
另外一個傳奇是關(guān)于兩位少女姐妹的。說它是傳奇,可能真是對這一詞
語“傳奇”的糟蹋,甚至更糟——它恐怕也僅是昨日的一個小故事。但這
個故事確有些活力,并值得記錄在愛丁堡日歷上。這對姐妹住在一間房
里,照實說,房間里應(yīng)該有兩張床,并且床與床之間應(yīng)該有一定的距
離,但不管怎么說,這也只是一間單人房。或許是對神學(xué)問題有爭議,
兩姐妹吵架了,她們吵得那么兇,從那天起就沒有說過一句話。如果你
覺得她倆分開了,你就大錯特錯了。也許是不知道如何分開,也許是出
于蘇格蘭式地對流言蜚語的恐懼,他們依然同住在原來那間房。她們用
粉筆在地板上劃分出兩個區(qū)域,并把過道和壁爐也分成兩部分,這樣,
她們出門進(jìn)門也好,做飯也好,任何人都不會妨礙到另一個人。就這
樣,她們在厭惡中彼此共同生活過了幾年。她們彼此用不友善的眼光注
視著對方進(jìn)餐,洗浴,接待友好來訪的朋友;在晚上,在黑乎乎的注視
中,她們又彼此聽著自己敵人的呼吸聲。兩姐妹如此不顧姐妹情意而針
鋒相對,沒有那間房看到過比這更為丑陋的景象了。本可以通過霍桑用
這張油畫轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粡堦惲杏谑覂?nèi)的小照片——霍桑擁有一張清教的面
紗,這張面紗本能允許他去論述這清教的恐懼;他能夠在她們生病之
時,在她們緊緊抓住這種可怕的同胞之情之時,以擺弄《圣經(jīng)》或互相
大聲地強(qiáng)調(diào)似的為對方懺悔的方式展現(xiàn)給我們這些;現(xiàn)在,在某個暴風(fēng)
雨的晚上,她們穿著褶裙,坐在自己壁爐的一角,或各自坐在自己的窗
前,看著夏日的景色滑落到她們曾手牽手走過的峽灣,或在慢慢變老,
慢慢虛弱,慢慢加長裙擺的過程中,在她們衣服的飾帶開始顫抖,腦袋
不自禁的點頭,隨著時間變得越來越僵硬的時候,總之,直到某一天,
一個眼神,一次看望或者是死亡,她們的心將融化,而粉筆標(biāo)出的界限
也會永遠(yuǎn)消失。
IV.TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish:(60ps)
比起菜譜和京戲,同樣不易翻譯的還有時下的“套話”。在寧波的一間中
國公司做事的法國人講了個套話的例子;這家公司成功地為一家造船廠
引進(jìn)了一套機(jī)械設(shè)備,在慶功宴上,中方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)致辭:“在局領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的親切
關(guān)懷下,在公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)親自指揮下……”外國工程師聽了翻譯的內(nèi)容十分
不解,私下里抱怨說:“你們壩導(dǎo)說謊,指揮安裝調(diào)試的是我。公可領(lǐng)
導(dǎo)只來過一次,同領(lǐng)導(dǎo)根本沒露過面?!敝袊鴨T工解釋說:“中國的事情
最好都要和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)掛上鉤,這是規(guī)矩。”這位洋人在一次事故分析會上,
學(xué)起了中國的規(guī)矩,發(fā)言時用了這樣的開場白:“在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的親切關(guān)懷
下,在公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的親自指揮下……”,全場愕然。做過多年駐外大使的
外交學(xué)院院長吳建民先生舉過一個例子:談到中國的改開放,我們
用“全方位,寬領(lǐng)域,多渠道”來描述。這些內(nèi)容如果按照字面意思翻譯
成英文,外國人理解起來就有困難。吳先生說:“中國的話語體系西方
人不太懂,所以要用他們能接受的表達(dá)方式才能夠溝通?!辈俗V也好、
京劇也罷、套話也好,語言的問題通常不在于語言本身,而在于文化差
異。
【參考譯文】
ComparedwithmenuandPekingopera,thereisanotherthingwhichis
relativelydifficulttotranslateis“politeformula”.AFrenchman,whoworks
inaChinesecompany,tellssuchaneventabout“politeformula”.Ina
banquettocelebratethesuccessthatthecompanyintroducedasetof
mechanicequipmentforashipyard,theChineseleaderhadaspeech,hesaid,
“withthecareoftheofficeleader,withthedirectionofthecompanyleader
…”.Hearingthetranslationofthespeech,theforeignengineerwasvery
confusedandcomplainedprivately,“yourleaderislying.ItisIwhodirect
thefixingandinstallingwork.Thecompanyleadercametousjustonceand
theofficeleader,heevenneverappears.”
TheChinesestaffexplained,“Itisbettertohaveaconnectionwiththeleader
whendoingthings.Itistherule.”So,nexttimeinaconferenceofanalyzing
accidents,theforeignerlearnedtheChineseruleandusedthisopening,“with
thecareoftheofficeleader,withthedirectionofthecompanyleader…”.All
theaudiencewasastounded.WuJianmin,PresidentofChinaForeignAffairs
Universitywhowaseveranambassadorforyearsgaveanexample.When
mentioningChina’sopeninguppolicy,weusethewords“all-directional,
wide-range,multi-channel”todescribe.Ifwetranslatethesewordsinto
Englishliterary,itisdifficultfortheforeignerstounderstand.
Mr.Wusaid,“ChinesediscoursesystemisnoteasyforWesternersto
understand,soweshouldusewhattheycanunderstandtocommunicate.”No
matteritismenu,Pekingoperaorpoliteformula,theproblemoflanguageis
usuallynotbecauseoflanguageitselfbutthedifferencebetweencultures.
2012年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
I.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese.(15points)
1.Yogi
【答案】瑜伽修行者
2.SPCA
【答案】動物保護(hù)協(xié)會
3.GenevaConvention
【答案】日內(nèi)瓦公約
4.HouseofCommons
【答案】下議院
5.horoscope
【答案】占星術(shù)
6.sleepdebt
【答案】睡眠負(fù)債(指長期睡眠不足產(chǎn)生的影響)
7.AU
【答案】非洲聯(lián)盟
8.KualaLumpur
【答案】吉隆坡(馬來西亞首都)
9.a(chǎn)potlucksupper
【答案】家常便飯
10.IMF
【答案】國際貨幣基金組織
11.eye-service
【答案】陽奉陰違的工作(在雇主看著時才干的活;當(dāng)面勤快而背地偷
懶的幫傭)
12.AClockworkOrange
【答案】發(fā)條橘子(電影名)
13.AllSoul’sDay
【答案】萬靈節(jié)(每年11月2日,一些基督教徒用來緬懷逝去的人的節(jié)
日)
14.a(chǎn)busivetranslation
【答案】濫譯
15.speakintongues
【答案】使用方言
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish.(15points)
1.雙贏
【答案】win-win
2.物流
【答案】Logistics
3.裸捐
【答案】all-outdonation
4.醉駕
【答案】drunkdriving
5.辛亥革命
【答案】theRevolutionof1911
6.暢通重慶
【答案】traffic-smoothChongqing
7.二線城市
【答案】second-tiercities
8.家電下鄉(xiāng)
【答案】homeappliancesgoingtothecountryside
9.醫(yī)患糾紛
【答案】doctor-patientdispute
10.面子工程
【答案】vanityprojects
11.人民幣匯率
【答案】RMBexchangerate
12.占領(lǐng)華爾街
【答案】OccupyWallStreet
13.?dāng)⒗麃單C(jī)
【答案】Syriacrisis
14.中國農(nóng)村扶貧
【答案】China’sruralpovertyalleviation
15.保障性安居工程
【答案】government-subsidizedhousing
III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.(60Points)
Laurielayluxuriouslyswingingtoandfroinhishammockonewarm
Septemberafternoon,wonderingwhathisneighborswereabout,buttoolazy
togoandfindout.Hewasinoneofhismoods,forthedayhadbeenboth
unprofitableandunsatisfactory,andhewaswishinghecouldliveitover
again.Thehotweathermadehimindolent,andhehadshirkedhisstudies,
triedMr.Brooke’spatiencetotheutmost,displeasedhisgrandfatherby
practicinghalftheafternoon,frightenedthemaidservantshalfoutoftheir
witsbymischievouslyhintingthatoneofhisdogswasgoingmad,and,after
highwordswiththestablemanaboutsomefanciedneglectofhishorse,he
hadflunghimselfintohishammocktofumeoverthestupidityoftheworld
ingeneral,tillthepeaceofthelovelydayquietedhiminspiteofhimself.
Staringupintothegreengloomofthehorse-chestnuttreesabovehim,he
dreameddreamsofallsorts,andwasjustimagininghimselftossingonthe
oceaninavoyageroundtheworld,whenthesoundofvoicesbroughthim
ashoreinaflash.Peepingthroughthemeshesofthehammock,hesawthe
Marchescomingout,asifboundonsomeexpedition.“Whatintheworldare
thosegirlsaboutnow?”thoughtLaurie,openinghissleepyeyestotakea
goodlook,fortherewassomethingratherpeculiarintheappearanceofhis
neighbors.
【參考譯文】
一個熱烘烘的九月下午,勞里舒舒服服地躺在吊床上搖來晃去,很想知
道鄰居姐妹們在干什么卻又懶得去弄清楚。他正在鬧情緒,因為這天過
得既無意義又不舒心,他很想從頭再來一次。炎熱的天氣使他懶洋洋
的,他書也不讀了,惹得布魯克先生忍無可忍;又花了半個下午彈琴,
弄得爺爺很不高興;還惡作劇地暗示他的一只狗要發(fā)瘋,把女傭們嚇得
幾乎神經(jīng)錯亂,接著又毫無根據(jù)地指責(zé)馬夫疏忽了他的馬兒,和馬夫吵
了一架,之后便跳上吊床,怒火中燒,認(rèn)定世人全都愚不可及。夏日明
媚,四處靜悄悄一片,他不知不覺安靜了下來。盯著頭上綠森森的七葉
樹,他做起了形形色色的白日夢。正想象著自己在海洋上顛簸作環(huán)球航
行,突然一陣聲音傳來,轉(zhuǎn)瞬間便把他帶回到岸上。透過吊床的網(wǎng)孔一
望,他看到馬奇姐妹走出來,好像要去進(jìn)行什么探險似的。“這個時候
那些姑娘們到底要去干什么?”勞里想,一面睜開睡意惺忪的雙眼看個
究竟,因為他的鄰居們打扮相當(dāng)古怪。
IV.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.(60points)
宋淇先生(Stephenc.Soong,1919-1996)生前著述甚豐,并不遺余力
推動翻譯教學(xué)與研究工作。為紀(jì)念宋先生對翻澤事業(yè)的貢獻(xiàn),宋氏家族
于1997年捐款,由香港中文大學(xué)中國文化研究所翻澤研究中心設(shè)立“宋
淇翻譯研究論文紀(jì)念獎”,旨在獎勵海內(nèi)外華人學(xué)者從事具有原創(chuàng)性的
翻譯研究,尤其鼓勵以第一手材料從事文化與歷史方向的探討。論文獎
參選細(xì)則如下:
1.中國大陸、港、澳、臺地區(qū)以及海外華人學(xué)者、研究生均可參選。
2.參選論文以中、英文語言為限,必須在2010年內(nèi)公開發(fā)表于正式的
學(xué)術(shù)刊物。
3.論文獎每年頒發(fā)一次,每次設(shè)獎額3名,不分等級,每位得獎?wù)邔@
頒獎勵證書及獎金港幣3000元。
4.論文評審委員會由中國大陸、港、澳、臺地區(qū)從事翻譯研究的知名
學(xué)者組成。
5.參選論文恕不退稿。
【參考譯文】
StephenC.Soong(1919-1996)wasaprolificwriteraswellasanactive
figureinthepromotionoftranslationeducationandresearch.To
commemoratehiscontributionsinthisfield,theStephenC.Soong
TranslationStudiesAwardsweresetupin1997bytheResearchCentrefor
Translation,TheChineseUniversityofHongKong,withadonationfromthe
Soongfamily.Itgivesrecognitiontoacademicswhohavemadecontributions
tooriginalresearchinChineseTranslationStudies,particularlyintheuseof
first-handsourcesforhistoricalandculturalinvestigations.General
regulationsareasfollows:
1.EligibilityislimitedtoChinesescholarsorresearchstudentsaffiliatedto
mainlandChinese,HongKong,Taiwan,Macauoroverseashigher
education/researchinstitutes.
2.SubmissionsmustbearticleswrittenineitherChineseorEnglishand
publishedinarefereedjournalwithinthecalendaryear2009.
3.Theprizewillbeawardedannuallytothreewinnerswithoutdistinctionof
grades.AcertificateandachequeofHK$3,000willbeawardedtoeach
winningentry.
4.TheadjudicationcommitteeconsistsofrenownedscholarsinTranslation
StudiesfromGreaterChina,HongKong,MacauandTaiwan.
5.Articlessubmittedwillnotbereturnedtothecandidates.
2013年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
I.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese.(15points)
1.MLA
【答案】現(xiàn)代語言協(xié)會[美](ModernLanguageAssociation)
2.naturist
【答案】天體運動者,裸體主義者(指認(rèn)為裸體有益身心的人)
3.Dubai
【答案】迪拜
4.CPPCC
【答案】中國人民政治協(xié)商會議
5.milieutherapy
【答案】環(huán)境療法
6.gildthelily
【答案】畫蛇添足
7.unrighteousmammon
【答案】不義之財
8.mindstyle
【答案】思維風(fēng)格
9.putonthenewman
【答案】洗心革面、改邪歸正
10.ActofGod
【答案】不可抗力
11.HillsLikeWhiteElephants
【答案】累贅的東西
12.tattooing
【答案】文身
13.CD
【答案】COMPACTDISC(激光唱片,光盤)
14.buildacastleintheair
【答案】空中樓閣
15.concerto
【答案】協(xié)奏曲
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish.(15points)
1.反對派
【答案】Opposition
2.當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)
【答案】President-elect
3.聯(lián)合公報
【答案】Jointcommunique
4.司法改革
【答案】Judicialreform
5.循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)
【答案】CircularEconomy
6.同業(yè)拆借
【答案】inter-bankborrowing
7.小康社會
【答案】amoderatelyprosperoussociety
8.老齡事業(yè)
【答案】theissueofaging/theundertakingsfortheaged
9.獵頭公司
【答案】head-huntingcompany
10.個人所得稅
【答案】Personalincometax
11.可再生能源
【答案】Renewableenergy
12.包容式增長
【答案】Inclusivegrowth
13.中非合作論壇
【答案】China-AfricaCooperationForum
14.鈞魚島及其附屬島嶼
【答案】theDiaoyuIslandanditsaffiliatedislands
15.中國共產(chǎn)黨第十八次全國代表大會
【答案】theEighteenthNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina
III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.(60points)
Fanny,havingbeensentintothevillageonsomeerrandbyherauntNorris,
wasovertakenbyaheavyshowerclosetotheParsonage;andbeingdescried
fromoneofthewindowsendeavoringtofindshelterunderthebranchesand
lingeringleavesofanoakjustbeyondtheirpremises,wasforced,thoughnot
withoutsomemodestreluctanceonherpart,tocomein.Acivilservantshe
hadwithstood;butwhenDr.Granthimselfwentoutwithanumbrella,there
wasnothingtobedonebuttobeverymuchashamed,andtogetintothe
houseasfastaspossible;andtopoorMissCrawford,whohadjustbeen
contemplatingthedismalraininaverydespondingstateofmind,sighing
overtheruinofallherplanofexerciseforthatmorning,andofeverychance
ofseeingasinglecreaturebeyondthemselvesforthenexttwenty-fourhours,
thesoundofalittlebustleatthefrontdoor,andthesightofMissPrice
drippingwithwetinthevestibule,wasdelightful.Thevalueofaneventona
wetdayinthecountrywasmostforciblybroughtbeforeher.Shewasall
aliveagaindirectly,andamongthemostactiveinbeingusefultoFanny,in
detectinghertobewetterthanshewouldatfirstallow,andprovidingher
withdryclothes;andFanny,afterbeingobligedtosubmittoallthisattention,
andtobeingassistedandwaitedonbymistressesandmaids,beingalso
obliged,onreturningdownstairs,tobefixedintheirdrawing-roomforan
hourwhiletheraincontinued,theblessingofsomethingfreshtoseeand
thinkofwasthusextendedtoMissCrawford,andmightcarryonherspirits
totheperiodofdressinganddinner.
【參考譯文】
原來,范妮受諾里斯姨媽差遣,到村子里辦件什么事,在牧師住宅附近
遇上了一陣大雨。牧師住宅里的人從窗子里看見她在他們院外凋零的櫟
樹下避雨,便邀她進(jìn)去,她是推卻不過勉強(qiáng)從命的。她先是謝絕了一個
仆人的好心邀請,可是等格蘭特博士親自拿了把傘走出來,她又覺得很
不好意思,便趕快進(jìn)去了??蓱z的克勞福德小姐正心情沮喪地望著窗外
的凄風(fēng)苦雨,哀嘆上午的戶外活動計劃化做了泡影,二十四小時內(nèi)除了
自家人以外再也見不到另一個人,這時聽到了前門口有動靜,隨即看到
普萊斯小姐渾身滴著水走進(jìn)了門廊,心里不禁十分高興。她深深地感受
到,鄉(xiāng)下陰雨天能來個客人實在難得。她頓時又活躍起來,滿腔熱忱地
關(guān)心范妮,說她發(fā)現(xiàn)范妮的衣服都濕透了,便給她拿出了干衣服。范妮
起初不肯承認(rèn)自己衣服濕,后來只好接受這番關(guān)照,任憑太太小姐和女
仆們幫助自己更換衣衫。后來又不得不回到樓下,眼見著雨下個不停,
不得不在客廳里坐了一個小時。這一新鮮場面真令人賞心悅目,克勞福
德小姐的興致足以維持到更衣吃飯時間。
IV.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.(60points)
人生據(jù)說是一部大書。假使人生真是這樣,那么,我們一大半作者只能
算是書評家,具有書評家的本領(lǐng)。無須看得幾頁,議論早已發(fā)了一大
堆,書評一篇寫完繳卷。但是,世界上還有一種人,他們覺得看書的目
的,并不是為了寫書評或介紹。他們有一種業(yè)余消遣者的隨便和從容,
他們不慌不忙地瀏覽。每到有什么意見,他們隨手在書邊的空白上注幾
個字,寫一個問號或感嘆號。像中國舊書上的眉批,外國書里的
marginalia。這種零星隨感并非他們對于整部書的結(jié)論。因為是隨時批
識,先后也許彼此矛盾,說話過火。他們也懶得去理會。反正是消譴.
不像書評家負(fù)有指導(dǎo)讀者、教訓(xùn)作者的重大使命。
【參考譯文一】
Thestoryofaman’slifeissaidtobeabigbook.Supposethispremisecould
stand,Imustthensaymorethanhalfoftheauthorswedeemcouldbe
reckonedonasnonebutbookreviewersgiftedinthisprofession,whose
opinionsaremorethanenoughbeforeapieceofbook-reviewismade
withoutreadingfrompagetopage.However,therealsocouldbefoundin
thisworldanotherkindofpeople,whosesupposedobjectivesofreadingare
bynomeansforbook-reviewsorintroductionswhatsoever.Theyenjoythe
easinessandrelaxationsinthewaytheamateurpleasureseekerscould
possess,justskimmingoverthebookincomfort,andwheneversomeideas
occurtothem,theystoponlytomarkafewwordsinthespacebeyondthe
linesofthebook,leavingaquestionorinterjectionmark,somethinglikethe
“headnotes”inChineseclassicsorwhatistermedas“marginalia”inforeign
books.Theserandomlyandfreelyorganizedcommentsdonotclaimtheir
finalassertionsonthebookasawhole.Theremarksareattimescasually
made,somaynotbeinconformitywitheachother,andevenovercritical.
Theydonotcaretolooktowhatisbeingwritten,forindeeditismerelyfor
thesakeofkillingthetime.Sincetheyarenotentitledtothegreatmission
thatbook-reviewshouldtake,ofinstructingreadersaswellaslecturing
writers,whyshouldtheybothertheirdiligenceandpatienceaboutdoingthat?
【參考譯文二】
Peoplesaylifeisonefatbook.Thatbeingthecase,morethanhalfour
writersareonlycritics.Havingacquiredtheskillsofacritic,theyglance
throughnomorethanafewpagesbeforetheymakeloadsofjudgmentsabout
thebook.Areviewisfinishedanddone.However,somepeopleinthisworld
readbooksforreasonsotherthanhavingtowritecriticalappraisalsor
commentaries.Carefreeandrelaxedasfreelancers,theycasuallyscribblea
fewwords,aquestion,oranexclamationinthemargin—likethoseheaders
inChineseclassics,ormarginaliainforeignbooks.Ifanideaoccurstothem
whentheyarebrowsingleisurelythroughbooks,theyjotdownbitsand
piecesofnoteswritteninadesultoryfashion.Thesearenottheirimpressions
ofthewholebook.Sincetheymakenoteswheneverathoughtpopsup,they
mightoverdotheirpoint,ortheymightcontradictthemselveslater.Butthey
couldn’tcarelessastheyonlydoitforpleasure,unlikethecriticswhose
mainmissionistoprovideguidanceforthereaderandoffercriticismtothe
author.
2014年四川外國語大學(xué)翻譯學(xué)院357英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解
I.PutthefollowingtermsintoChinese.(15分)
1.civillaw
【答案】民法
2.masstransit
【答案】公共交通;大容量公共運輸(工具)
3.wagetheory
【答案】工資理論
4.mockepic
【答案】諷刺史詩
5.counterespionage
【答案】反間諜活動
6.highseas
【答案】公海;遠(yuǎn)海
7.CYO
【答案】首席元老(ChiefYearlyOfficer)
8.irrigationanddrainage
【答案】灌溉與排水
9.ICN
【答案】國際護(hù)士理事會(InternationalCouncilofNurses)
10.ILO
【答案】國際勞工組織(InternationalLaborOrganization)
11.IAEA
【答案】國際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)(InternationalAtomicEnergyAgency)
12.polarfront
【答案】極鋒
13.higherdownpayment
【答案】高首付
14.havekissedtheBlarneystone
【答案】能說會道;善于花言巧語
15.fatchance
【答案】沒有機(jī)會,希望渺茫
II.PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.(60分)
AthensandSpartawerebothGreekcitiesandtheirpeoplespokeacommon
language.Ineveryotherrespecttheyweredifferent.Athensrosehighfrom
theplain.Itwasacityexposedtothefreshbreezesfromthesea,willingto
lookattheworldwiththeeyesofahappychild.Sparta,ontheotherhand,
wasbuiltatthebottomofadeepvalley,andusedthesurroundingmountains
asabarrieragainstforeignthought.Athenswasacityofbusytrade.Sparta
wasanarmedcampwherepeopleweresoldiersforthesakeof
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