湖北省武漢市蔡甸區(qū)漢陽(yáng)-中2021屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期二模試題含解析

湖北省武漢市蔡甸區(qū)漢陽(yáng)一中2021屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期二模試題（含

解析）

試卷滿分：150分

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)

涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

1.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'soldapartment?

A.Convenient.B.Comfortable.C.Noisy.

2.Wheredidthewomanleavehermobilephone?

A.Inherbag.B.Onthetable.C.Onthechair.

3.HowdidJamescontactthewomanyesterday?

A.Bypostcard.B.Byemail.C.Byphone.

4.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?

A.Apet.B.Ajob.C.Anappointment.

5.Whoisthemanmostprobablygoingtoworkwith?

A.Pre-schoolkids.B.Thedisabled.C.Teenagers.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhatwillthemanintendtodoinNamibia?

A.Tohostaprogram.

B.Toworkasavolunteer.

C.Tolearnaboutwildlife.

7.Howcanapersonmeettherequirements?

A.Hemustbeover20.

B.Heshouldbemoderatelyfit.

C.Heoughttospeakmorethanonelanguage.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatbusinessarethespeakersin?

A.Athleticshoes.B.Sportsclothes.C.Sports

equipment.

9.Whatisthesecondchoiceofsportinthe36to45agegroup?

A.Jogging.B.Skiing.C.Tennis.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofacareerinTourism?

A.Promising.B.Challenging.C.Fulfilling.

11.WhatskillwillthewomanmainlylearnfromthecourseinTourism?

A.Time-management.B.Note-taking.C.Financialplanning.

12.Whatextracoursewillthewomanprobablytake?

A.Publicrelations.B.TravelandBusiness.C.Medicalcare.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whokeptthemaninformedofmostrelatedinformation?

A.Thestaff.B.Thestudents.C.Thecleaners.

14Whatwastewasmostcommonlyseenintheuniversity?

A.Thecopyingpaper.B.Thepapercups.C.Theplasticcups.

15.Whatproportionofintervieweeswereworriedaboutwaste?

A.55%.B.45%,C.30%.

16.WhichisthewomanJssuggestionofraisingpeople,sawareness?

A.Puttingupaposter.B.Holdinganexhibition.C.Deliveringalecture.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whichmonthisitnowprobably?

A.July.B.June.C.May.

18.Whatwillbeshownsecond?

A.Women*sfashion.B.Men'sfashion.C.Children,sfashion.

19.Whatcanweknowabouttheshow?

A.Somefashionmodelswilljoinin.

B.Sportswearistheman'sattraction.

C.Highstreetstoresoffermostclothes.

20.Howdoesthespeakersuggestbookingtheticketstogetafreedrink?

A.Byvisitingthecollegewebsite.

B.Bycallingtheadmissionoffice.

C.Bygoingtothecollegebookstore.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

CVCC'sHighSchoolProgram

Career-technicalprogramsatCuyahogaValleyCareerCenterallowstudents

flexiblecareerpathswithadvancedacademicstopreparethemforcollegeandthe

workforce.

ElectricalSystems

Eachstudentisprovidedwithtrade-relatedclassroomtrainingthatproduces

competencyandpridethatleadtotruecraftsmanship.Learnhowtousemanyofthe

latesttoolsandtechnologieswithhands-ontraininginourfullyequippedlab.The

programJsdiversifiedcourseworkgivesstudentsastrongfoundationinelectrical

systemsinstallationandrepair,inadditiontoreceivingskilltraining,working

andearningapaycheckonthejob.

EngineeringTechnology

You'11learnengineeringconceptsandtechnologysuchasappliedlogic,digital

electronics,computer-aideddesign,roboticsandcomputer-integratedmanufacturing.

Theproject,basedapproachletsyouapplyyourskilltorealsituations.Inpractice,

you,11pickyourownreal-worldproblemstosolveandgraduatereadyforacollege

engineeringprogram.

SportsMedicineExerciseScience

Thisscience-basedprogramcombineslectures,hands-onlabsandcritical

thinkingactivitieswithallofthelatestfitnesstechnology.Studentshavethe

uniqueopportunitytolearninexerciseandsportsenvironmentsalongsideexercise

andsportsprofessionalsusingadvancedmedicaltechniquestopreventandheal

injuries.Uponcompletionoftheprogram,studentsmayearncollegecredits

atvariousOhiouniversities.Applicantsmusthaveaminimum3.0GPAand"C"or

betterinBiology.

EducationProfessions

EducationProfessionsintroducescollege-mindedstudentstothefieldof

education.Thisfoundationalcoursebenefitsalleducationmajorsregardlessof

specialty.Observationandfieldexperiencesprovidethefirst-handexperienceyou

needtodecideifacareerineducationisforyou.Admissioniswithhighschool

counselor（顧問(wèn)）recommendationonly.

1.Whichprogramoffersstudentspay?

A.ElectricalSystems.

B.EngineeringTechnology.

C.SportsMedicineExerciseScience.

D.EducationProfessions.

2.WhatisspecialaboutSportsMedicineExerciseScience?

A.ItistargetedatcollegestudentsinOhio.

B.Itisaimedattrainingprofessionalathletes.

C.Itonlyadmitsapplicantswithrecommendation.

D.Ithasacademicrequirementsforapplicants.

3.Whatcanweinferabouttheprogramsmentionedinthetext?

A.Theyarescience-related.

B.Theyaretechnology-centered.

C.Theystresspracticaltraining.

D.Theyguaranteeadmissiontocollege.

【答案】1.A2.D3.C

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了CuyahogaValley就業(yè)中心的幾個(gè)職業(yè)技術(shù)課程。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Theprogram'sdiversifiedcourseworkgivesstudentsa

strongfoundationinelectricalsystemsinstallationandrepair,inadditionto

receivingskilltraining,workingandearningapaycheckonthejob（該項(xiàng)目多樣化

的課程使學(xué)生在電氣系統(tǒng)安裝和維修方面有了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，除了接受技能培訓(xùn)、還有賺取工

資的工作）”可知，職業(yè)技術(shù)課程電氣系統(tǒng)能夠提供給學(xué)生賺取工資的工作。因此，能給學(xué)

生支付工資的是A項(xiàng)"ElectricalSystems（電氣系統(tǒng)）”。故選A項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Applicantsmusthaveaminimum3.0GPAand"C"orbetter

inBiology.（申請(qǐng)人必須有平均分最低3.0和生物成績(jī)最低C）”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)科學(xué)

要求申請(qǐng)人必須平均分最低3.0和生物成績(jī)最低C,對(duì)申請(qǐng)人是有學(xué)術(shù)要求的。因此，運(yùn)動(dòng)

醫(yī)學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)科特別之處是D項(xiàng)“Ithasacademicrequirementsforapplicants（它對(duì)申請(qǐng)者

有學(xué)術(shù)要求）"。故選D項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段uLearnhowtousemanyofthelatesttoolsandtechnologies

withhands-ontraininginourfullyequippedlab（學(xué)習(xí)如何使用最新的工具和技術(shù),

在我們的裝備齊全的實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行動(dòng)手訓(xùn)練）”以及第三段“Inpractice,you'11pick

yourownreal-worldproblemstosolveandgraduatereadyforacollegeengineering

program.（在實(shí)踐中，你將選擇你自己的現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問(wèn)題來(lái)解決和畢業(yè)為大學(xué)工程計(jì)劃做好

準(zhǔn)備）”以及第四段“Studentshavetheuniqueopportunitytolearninexerciseand

sportsenvironmentsalongsideexerciseandsportsprofessionalsusingadvanced

medicaltechniquestopreventandhealinjuries.（學(xué)生有獨(dú)特的機(jī)會(huì)在運(yùn)動(dòng)和體育環(huán)

境中學(xué)習(xí)，同時(shí)鍛煉和體育專業(yè)人員使用先進(jìn)的醫(yī)療技術(shù)來(lái)預(yù)防和治療損傷）”以及最后一

段KObservationandfieldexperiencesprovidethefirst-handexperienceyouneed

todecideifacareerineducationisforyou.（觀察和實(shí)地經(jīng)驗(yàn)提供了第■—手的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，

你需要決定一個(gè)職業(yè)教育是否適合你）”可知，本文提到的電氣系統(tǒng)、工程技術(shù)、運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)

運(yùn)動(dòng)科學(xué)和教育專業(yè)都強(qiáng)調(diào)讓學(xué)生在實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)。因此，關(guān)于文中提到的項(xiàng)目，我們能推斷

出C項(xiàng)“Theystresspracticaltraining（他們強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)踐訓(xùn)練）”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。

B

NorthAmericansvalueindependence,andEuropeansvaluetogetherness.Inever

fullyunderstoodthatstereotypeuntiltwomonthsago,whenIleftCanadafora

4-monthperiodinalabinFrance.Onmyfirstday,Pierre,aPh.D.student,tapped

meonmyshoulderandasked:"Coffee?”Inoddedandfollowedhimtothecommon

room,whereothergradstudentswerefilingin.Isatthere,cautiouslysippingthe

bitterliquidandtryinghardnottorevealmyunculturedtastes,whilelabchatter

filledtheair.

Coffeebreaksareaceremonialpartoflabculturehere.Thechattersometimes

turnstoseriousscientifictopics.Butmostly,themeet-upsofferachancetowind

down,tosharestoriesaboutlifeinsideandoutsidethelabandtosympathizewith

peoplewhounderstandwhatyou,regoingthrough.

Thelightheartedatmosphereandsenseofcommunityisawelcomecontrasttomy

lifeinCanada,whereIspentmostofmyworkdaysinisolation.Iwentintothelab

eachmorningwithsetgoalsformyday.Atlunch,Vdkeepmyeyesgluedtomy

computerwhileIfedforkfulsofsaladintomymouth,tryingtopowerthroughmy

to-dolist.For9months,IstruggledtofigureoutwhyIcouldn,texactlycopy

theresultsofanotherstudy.Ididn'twanttotroublemyadvisortoomuch.Iwas

alsohesitanttoaskmylabmatesforhelp.

Howmuchweweremissing!Researchersneedcommunitybecausegoodideasdon,t

justcomefromreadingliteratureandthinkingdeepthoughts.It'shelpfultobounce

ideasoffothers,and,tohaveavenuetosharetheday-to-dayupsanddownsoflife.

Wouldcoffeebreakshavesolvedallmyproblems?Probablynot.ButIthink

sharingideaswithmypeerswouldhavehelpedsolvemyresearchdilemma.Mytime

inFrancehastaughtmethatit'simportanttocreatespacefororganic

conversationsaboutlablife.Ascientist*slifecanfeelisolating,butit'snot

necessarilysowhenyou'reconnectedtoasupportivecommunity.

4.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenhedrankcoffeeforthefirsttimeinFrance?

A.Alittlenervous.B.Veryhappy.

C.Somewhatexcited.D.Quitecurious.

5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.CulturalceremoniesinFrance.B.Varioustopicsofthechatter.

C.Thebenefitsofcoffeebreaks.D.LabcultureinFrenchstyle.

6.WhatwastheauthorJslifelikebackinCanada?

A.Comfortableandfulfilled.B.Busyandlonely.

C.Tensebutsatisfactory.D.Boringbuthealthy.

7.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?

A.TointroducethecoffeebreakinEurope.

B.Toexplainthedifferencebetweencultures.

C.TorecallhispersonalexperienceinFrance.

D.Toconveytheimportanceofasupportivecircle.

【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者在加拿大和法國(guó)不同的工作生活，強(qiáng)調(diào)有一

個(gè)支持性團(tuán)體的重要性。

"題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Isatthere,cautiouslysippingthebitterliquid

andtryinghardnottorevealmyunculturedtastes,whilelabchatterfilledthe

air.”（我坐在那里，小心翼翼地啜飲著這種苦澀的液體，努力不讓自己流露出沒(méi)教養(yǎng)的味

道，而實(shí)驗(yàn)室里的閑聊卻滿天飛。）可知，當(dāng)作者第一次在法國(guó)喝咖啡時(shí)他有點(diǎn)緊張。故選

Ao

【5題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段aCoffeebreaksareaceremonialpartoflabculturehere.

Thechattersometimesturnstoseriousscientifictopics.Butmostly,themeet-ups

offerachancetowinddown,tosharestoriesaboutlifeinsideandoutsidethelab

andtosympathizewithpeoplewhounderstandwhatyou'regoingthrough."（咖

啡休息時(shí)間是這里實(shí)驗(yàn)室文化的禮儀部分。閑聊有時(shí)會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向嚴(yán)肅的科學(xué)話題。但最重要的是,

這些會(huì)面提供了一個(gè)放松的機(jī)會(huì)，可以分享實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)外的生活故事，并與理解你經(jīng)歷的人產(chǎn)

生共鳴。）可知，第二段主要是講咖啡休息時(shí)間的好處。故選C。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Thelightheartedatmosphereandsenseofcommunity

isawelcomecontrasttomylifeinCanada,whereIspentmostofmyworkdaysin

isolation."（輕松的氛圍和社區(qū)感與我在加拿大的生活形成了鮮明的對(duì)比，在那里我大

部分的工作日都是獨(dú)自一人度過(guò)的。）可知，“我”在加拿大的生活很孤獨(dú)，根據(jù)第三段第

三句"Atlunch,I'dkeepmyeyesgluedtomycomputerwhileIfedforkfulsofsalad

intomymouth,tryingtopowerthroughmyto-dolist.”（午餐時(shí),我的眼睛盯著電

腦，一邊大口大口地吃著沙拉，一邊努力完成我的待辦事項(xiàng)清單。）可知，“我”在加拿大

的生活很忙碌。故選B。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句UAscientist'slifecanfeelisolating,butitfs

notnecessarilysowhenyou'reconnectedtoasupportivecommunity.”（科學(xué)家的

生活可能會(huì)讓人感到孤立，但當(dāng)你與一個(gè)支持你的團(tuán)體聯(lián)系時(shí).，情況就不一定如此了。）可

知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是為了傳達(dá)支持性社交圈的重要性。故選D。

C

OneinfivechildrenstartingprimaryschoolintheUKareoverweight.Bythe

timetheyleaveschool,thatfigurewillrisetooneinthree.Thechanceofthem

beingoverweightinadulthood,whichbringsrangeofassociatedhealthrisks,is

high,at50-75%.

Therootcauseofdiet-relatedfatnessisnosecret:anenergyimbalancebetween

thequantityoffoodbeingconsumedandthelevelofphysicalactivitybeing

conducted.Addressingthisimbalanceneedstobe,inpart,areviewofourdiet.

Morefreshingredients（原料）especiallyfruitandvegetables,lessprocessedfoods

andfeweradditives（添力口齊！J）areallimportantfactorsinbuildingabalanceddiet.

TheDepartmentofHealthhasrecognizedthatacollectiveapproach,ratherthan

justindividualbehaviorchange,isasuccessfulwayofachievingthis.Universal

adjustmentslikeablanketdecreaseinsugarcontentinfluencethewayweeatthrough

thechoicesavailabletous.

Applyingthisapproachtoschoolkitchensmakessense.Theyhaveanimportant

roletoplayinmaintaininghealthydiets.Offeringaschoolmenupackedwithfresh

ingredientsandwithoutartificialadditivesmakesadirectandeffectiveimpact

onwhatchildreneatatschool.

It'sanareatheSoilAssociationconsistentlyworkstohandlethroughitsFood

forLifeprogram-workingwithschoolstotransformfoodculture,improvefood

educationandencouragelastingchangestothewayschoolsthinkaboutfood.Itworks.

InFoodforLifeschools,pupilsareathirdlesslikelytoeatnofruitorvegetables

thanthoseincomparisonschools.

OnewayforschoolstogetinvolvedisaFoodforLifeServedHereaward,which

meansatleast75%ofdishesarepreparedonsiteusingfreshingredients.It

encourageslocalseasonalproduceand,atsilverorgoldlevel,requiresacommitment

toenvironmentallyfriendlyproduce.Atitsheart,theawardisdesignedtosupport

healthandenhancefoodunderstanding.

Over50%ofEnglishprimaryschoolshavesuchanaward,already,-servingaround

1.7millionmealseachdaytooverlO.000schoolsandit'safigurewe'11seegrow.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing“inparagraph2mean?

A.TacklingB.Ignoring.C.Maintaining.D.

Postponing.

9.Whichapproachwillworkforstudentstobuildbalanceddiet?

A.Stoppingthemeatingaloneinschools.

B.Gettingthemawareoftheharmoffatness.

C.Ensuringhealthyrecipesonschoolmenus.

D.Increasingtheavailabilityandflavoroffood.

10.WhatcanwesayabouttheFoodforLifeprogram?

A.It'saheavyloadonschools.

B.It，scomplicatedtooperate.

C.It'satemporaryproject.

D.It，sfruitfulattempt.

11.WhichtypeoffoodmaytheFoodforLifeServedHereawardpromote?

A.Sugarysnacks.

BFirst-classsausages.

C.High-qualityimportedbeef.

D.Freshlypickedorganicbeans.

【答案】8.A9.C10.I）11.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了英國(guó)小學(xué)采取一系列方式建立均衡飲食。

【8題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“Morefreshingredients（原料）especiallyfruitandvegetables,

lessprocessedfoodsandfeweradditives（添力口齊（J）areallimportantfactorsin

buildingabalanceddiet."（更多的新鮮食材，尤其是水果和蔬菜，更少的加工食品和

更少的添加劑都是建立均衡飲食的重要因素。）可知，本句是解決不均衡的辦法，所以

addressing指的是"解決"。故選A項(xiàng)。

9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Offeringaschoolmenupackedwithfreshingredientsand

withoutartificialadditivesmakesadirectandeffectiveimpactonwhatchildren

eatatschool.M（提供一份充滿新鮮食材和沒(méi)有人工添加劑的學(xué)校菜單對(duì)孩子們?cè)趯W(xué)校的

飲食有直接和有效的影響。）可知，確保學(xué)校菜單上有健康的食譜可以幫助學(xué)生建立均衡的

飲食。故選C項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"InFoodforLifeschools,pupilsareathirdlesslikely

toeatnofruitorvegetablesthanthoseincomparisonschools.M（在"終身飲食"

學(xué)校，學(xué)生不吃水果或蔬菜的可能性比其他學(xué)校的學(xué)生低三分之一。）可知，關(guān)于“生命之

糧”計(jì)劃是一次卓有成效的嘗試。故選D項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"OnewayforschoolstogetinvolvedisaFoodforLife

ServedHereaward,whichmeansatleast75%ofdishesarepreparedonsiteusing

freshingredients.w（學(xué)校參與其中的一種方式是在這里提供終身服務(wù)的食物獎(jiǎng)，這意味

著至少75%的菜肴是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)用新鮮的食材制作的。）可知，終身服務(wù)的食物獎(jiǎng)推廣的是新鮮的

食物。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

InastudypublishedinNatureMachineIntelligence,researchersatOhioState

Universityshowhowartificialintelligence(AI)canfollowclinicaltrialsto

identifydrugsforrepurposing,asolutionthatcanhelpadvanceinnovative

treatments.

Repurposingdrugsislegalandnotunusual.Whendoctorsprescribe(開(kāi)處方)drugs

thathavebeenapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)forpurposes

differentfromwhatisprintedonthelabels,thedrugsarebeingused“off-label”

JustbecauseadrugisFDA-approvedforaspecifictypeofdiseasedoesnotprevent

itfromhavingpossiblebenefitsforotherpurposes.

Forexample,Metformin,adrugthatisEDA-approvedfortreatingtype2diabetes,

isalsousedtotreatPCOS(adiseaseofwomen),andotherdiseases.Trazodone,an

anti-depressantwithFDA-approvaltotreatdepression,isalsoprescribedbydoctors

tohelptreatpatientswithsleepissues.

TheOhioStateUniversityresearchteamcreatedanAIdeeplearningmodelfor

predictingtreatmentprobabilitywithpatientdataincludingthetreatment,

outcomes,andpotentialconfounders(干擾因素).

Confoundersarerelatedtotheexposureandoutcome.Forexample,aconnection

isidentifiedbetweenmusicfestivalsandincreasesinskinrashes(紅疹).Music

festivalsdonotdirectlycauseskinrashes.Inthiscase,onepossibleconfounding

factorbetweenthetwomaybeoutdoorheat,asmusicfestivalstendtorunoutdoors

whenthetemperatureishigh,andheatisaknowncauseforrashes.Whenworking

withreal-worlddata,confounderscouldnumberinthethousands.Aldeeplearning

iswell-suitedtofindpatternsinthecomplexityofpotentiallythousandsof

confounders.

Theresearcherteamusedconfoundersincludingpopulationdataand

co-prescribeddrugs.Withthisproof-of-concept,nowclinicianshaveapowerfulAI

tooltorapidlydiscovernewtreatmentsbyrepurposingexistingmedications.

12.Whatdoweknowaboutadrugusedoff-label?

A.Itissoldwithoutalabel.

B.Itisavailableatalowprice.

C.Itsusesextendbeyondtheoriginalones.

D.Itsclinicaltrialsarerejectedbydoctors.

13.MetforminandTrazodonearesimilarasbothofthem.

A.areusedoff-label

B.treatrarediseases

C.resultinsleepissues

D.aremedicalbreakthroughs

14.Whatcanbeinferredabout“confounders”?

A.Theyarepossibletreatments.

B.Theyareenvironmentalfactors.

C.Theycanbeeasilyrecognizedinreal-worlddata.

D.Theyshouldbetakenintoseriousconsideration.

15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.AIexaminesbenefitsofexistingdrugs.

B.AIidentifiesoff-labelusesfordrugs.

C.AIfindsnewdrugsforcommondiseases.

D.AIprovesthepowerofdrugresearch.

【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.B

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了在《自然機(jī)器智能》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究中，俄亥

俄州立大學(xué)的研究人員展示了人工智能(AI)如何能夠跟蹤臨床試驗(yàn)，識(shí)別用于重新使用的藥

物，這一解決方案有助于推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新治療。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Whendoctorsprescribedrugsthathavebeenapproved

bytheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)forpurposesdifferentfromwhatisprinted

onthelabels,thedrugsarebeingused“off-label“Justbecauseadrugis

FDA-approvedforaspecifictypeofdiseasedoesnotpreventitfromhavingpossible

benefitsforotherpurposes.w(如果醫(yī)生開(kāi)出的藥物是經(jīng)食品和藥物管理局(FDA)批準(zhǔn)

的，其目的與標(biāo)簽上的目的不同，那么這些藥物就被“標(biāo)示外”使用了，僅僅因?yàn)橐环N藥物

被FDA批準(zhǔn)用于特定類型的疾病并不妨礙它在其他用途上可能產(chǎn)生的益處。）可知，“標(biāo)示

外”藥物的用途超出了原來(lái)的用途。故選C。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“thedrugsarebeingusedKoff-label"Justbecausea

drugisFDA-approvedforaspecifictypeofdiseasedoesnotpreventitfromhaving

possiblebenefitsforotherpurposes.w（這些藥物被“標(biāo)示外”使用，僅僅因?yàn)橐环N

藥物被FDA批準(zhǔn)用于某種特定類型的疾病，并不妨礙它在其他用途上可能有好處。）和文章

第三段“Forexample,Metformin,adrugthatisFDA-approvedfortreatingtype2

diabetes,isalsousedtotreatPCOS（adiseaseofwomen）,andotherdiseases.

Trazodone,ananti-depressantwithFDA-approvaltotreatdepression,isalso

prescribedbydoctorstohelptreatpatientswithsleepissues."（例如，F(xiàn)DA批

準(zhǔn)用于治療2型糖尿病的藥物二甲雙胭,也用于治療多囊卵巢綜合征（一種女性疾?。┖推渌?/p>

疾病。曲喋酮是一種經(jīng)美國(guó)食品及藥物管理局（FDA）批準(zhǔn)用于治療抑郁癥的抗抑郁藥，醫(yī)生

也會(huì)開(kāi)它來(lái)幫助治療睡眠問(wèn)題患者。）可知，二甲雙服和曲口坐酮的相似之處是這兩種藥物都

在適應(yīng)癥外使用。故選A。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段的"Whenworkingwithreal-worlddata,confounderscould

numberinthethousands.AIdeeplearningiswe11-suitedtofindpatternsinthe

complexityofpotentiallythousandsofconfounders.（在處理真實(shí)世界的數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，

干擾因素可能多達(dá)數(shù)千個(gè)。AT深度學(xué)習(xí)非常適合在潛在的成千萬(wàn)的干擾因素混合物中尋找

模式）可推知，干擾因素應(yīng)該被認(rèn)真地考慮。故選D。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段"InastudypublishedinNatureMachineIntelligence,

researchersatOhioStateUniversityshowhowartificialintelligence（AI）canfollow

clinicaltrialstoidentifydrugsforrepurposing,asolutionthatcanhelpadvance

innovativetreatments.（在《自然機(jī)器智能》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究中，俄亥俄州立大

學(xué)的研究人員展示了人工智能（AI）如何能夠跟蹤臨床試驗(yàn)，識(shí)別用于重新使用的藥物，這一

解決方案有助于推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新治療。）再結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述人工智能識(shí)別藥物標(biāo)

示外用途。故選B。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Youdon,tneedtobeaworld-classmountaineertostandoutinajobinterview.

Here'smyadviceonhowtonailthemostcommoninterviewquestion.

Mostpeoplearesoeagertoshowoffwhatthey'vebeeninvolvedin.Don,t

worry,andtherewillbetimeforthat.Theinterviewerhasreviewedyourresume

andwillaskyouplentyaboutyourexpertise."Tellmeaboutyourselfisa

questionyou'recertaintobeaskedatanyjobinterview.16However,sharing

somethingthatshowswhoyoureallyarebeyondapieceofpaperisagoodidea.

Itwillallowtheinterviewertoknowsomethingaboutyourlifeoutsideofwork.

Everyonehassomethinginterestingtoshareaboutthemselves.I'veheard

peopletalkabouteverythingfrombeingaworld-classsushicheftoanice

carver.17Suchasyouparticipateincompetitivesports,you'rean

accomplished（技藝高超的）pianistandyou'rewritingyourfirstdetectivenovel.

Iftheinformationshowcasesauniqueaspectofyourself,andespeciallyifyou

canlinkittowhatyoucanbringtoyournextjob,thengoforit.

Anotherwaytothinkaboutthequestionis:"Whatgetsyouupeverymorning?n

Thepersonalsowantstoknowwhatyoursenseofpassionandpurposeis.That

volunteerworkonafarmcooperativeinSouthAmerica,forexample,showsyouhave

aglobalperspective.18Itdoesn,tmatterhowbigorsmallthe

accomplishmentis,aslongasitshowsyou'restrugglingtoimproveyourself.When

peoplearemotivatedbycontributingtosomethingbiggerthanthemselves,theyget

moresatisfaction.

19Relax,beyourselfandtellthetruth.Don'tapproachtheinterview

likeyou'retryingoutforBroadway.It'smorethanobviouswhensomeoneistrying

tomemorizetheirlinesand“playthepart”.Also,ifyouoverstatewhatyou，ve

doneorfullyinventastoryaboutyourself,you'llbeexposed.20

A.Takearisktogetpersonal.

B.Showinghonestyisoneofthemostimportantthings.

C.Runningyourfirst10kilometersshowsyoulikeachallenge.

D.Andtheneverythingyousayaboutyourselfwillbequestioned.

E.It'salsoimportanttotellitinawaythatmakesyoumemorable.

F.Toomanypeoplerespondtoitbygivingarecitaloftheirresume.

G.”Tellmeaboutyourself〃isaninvitationforyoutosharebriefinformation.

【答案】16.F17.E18.C19.B20.D

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。作者在文章中提出了如何回答面試中最常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題的建議，從而使

得人們?cè)诿嬖囍忻摲f而出。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)下一句However,sharingsomethingthatshowswhoyoureallyarebeyondapiece

ofpaperisagoodidea.Itwillallowtheinterviewertoknowsomethingaboutyour

lifeoutsideofwork.然而，除了一張紙之外，分享一些能顯示你的真實(shí)身份的東西是個(gè)

好主意。這會(huì)讓面試官了解你工作之外的生活?？芍挛谋硎巨D(zhuǎn)折，此處內(nèi)容應(yīng)與介紹簡(jiǎn)

歷內(nèi)容有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)F“太多的人對(duì)此的反應(yīng)是簡(jiǎn)單地介紹一下自己的簡(jiǎn)歷。”符合題意。故

選F項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)下文Iftheinformationshowcasesauniqueaspectofyourself,andespecially

ifyoucanlinkittowhatyoucanbringtoyournextjob,thengoforit.如果

這些信息展示了你獨(dú)特的一面，特別是如果你能把它與你能給下一份工作帶來(lái)什么聯(lián)系起

來(lái)，那么就去爭(zhēng)取吧。可知，此處內(nèi)容與用令人難忘的講述方式突出你獨(dú)特的一面去吸引面

試官有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)E“同樣重要的是，要以一種令人難忘的方式來(lái)講述?！狈项}意。故選E

項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上一句ThatvolunteerworkonafarmcooperativeinSouthAmerica,forexample,

showsyouhaveaglobalperspective.比如，你在南美一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)合作社做志愿者，這表明

你有全球視野?？芍颂巸?nèi)容與舉例子說(shuō)明你的目標(biāo)或品質(zhì)有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)C“剛開(kāi)始跑10

公里說(shuō)明你喜歡挑戰(zhàn)?！狈项}意。故選C項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

此處是本段的小標(biāo)題,也就是主旨句。根據(jù)下一Relax,beyourselfandtellthetruth.

放松點(diǎn)，做你自己，說(shuō)實(shí)話?？芍?，此處內(nèi)容與誠(chéng)實(shí)有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)B“誠(chéng)實(shí)是最重要的事情之

一。”符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上一句Also,ifyouoverstatewhatyou'vedoneorfullyinventastoryabout

yourself,you'Ubeexposed.此外，如果你夸大了你所做的事情，或者完全編造了一個(gè)關(guān)

于你自己的故事，