大學(xué)英語四級考試試題及參考答案

本資料由為您收集整理。2005年1月四級試題PartIListeningComprehension(20minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbepause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithalinethroughthecenter.Example:Youwillhear: Youwillread: A)Attheoffice. C)Attheairport. B)Inthewaitingroom. D)Inarestaurant.Fromtheconversationweknowthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworktheyhadtofinishintheevening.Thisismostlikelytohavetakenplaceattheoffice.Therefore,A)"Attheoffice"isthebestanswer.Youshouldchoose[A]ontheAnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.SampleAnswer[A][B][C][D]1. A)Themanenjoystravelingbycar.B)Themanlivesfarfromthesubway. C)Themanisgoodatdriving.D)Themanusedtoownacar.2. A)Tonyshouldcontinuetakingthecourse.B)SheapprovesofTony'sdecision.C)Tonycanchooseanothersciencecourse.D)Shecan'tmeetTonysoearlyinthemorning,3. A)Shehastostudyfortheexam.B)Sheisparticularlyinterestedinplays. C)She'seagertowatchthenewplay.D)Shecanlendhernotestotheman.4. A)Theywillbereplacedbyon-lineeducationsoonerorlater.B)Theywillattractfewerkidsason-lineeducationexpands.C)Theywillcontinuetoexistalongwithon-lineeducation.D)Theywilllimittheirteachingtocertainsubjectsonly.5. A)Moststudentswouldliketoworkforanewspaper. B)Moststudentsfindajobbyreadingadvertisements. C)Moststudentsfindithardtogetajobaftertheygraduate.D)Moststudentsdon'twantjobsadvertisedinthenewspapers.6. A)Movethewashingmachinetothebasement.B)Turnthebasementintoaworkshop.C)Repairthewashingmachine.D)Finishhisassignment.7. A)Somestudentsatthebackcannotheartheprofessor. B)Theprofessorhaschangedhisreadingassignment. C)Someofthestudentsarenotontheprofessor'slist.D)Theprofessorhasbroughtextracopiesofhisassignment.8. A)Shedoesn'twanttotalkaboutthecontest.B)She'smodestabouthersuccessinthecontest.C)She'sspenttwoyearsstudyingEnglishinCanada.D)She'sveryproudofhersuccessinthespeechcontest.9. A)Talkingaboutsports.B)Writinguplocalnews.C)Readingnewspapers.D)Puttingupadvertisements.10. A)Theyshouldn'tchangetheirplan.B)They'dbetterchangetheirmind.C)Thetennisgamewon'tlastlong.D)WeatherforecastsarenotreliableSectionBCompoundDictation注意：聽力理解的B節(jié)(SectionB)為復(fù)合式聽寫(CompoundDictation)，題目在試卷二上。PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)Directions:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B)C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Scratchythroats,stuffynosesandbodyachesallspellmisery,butbeingabletotellifthecauseisacoldorflu(流感)maymakeadifferenceinhowlongthemiserylasts.TheAmericanLungAssociation(ALA)hasissuednewguidelinesoncombatingcoldsandtheflu,andoneofthekeysisbeingabletoquicklytellthetwoapart.That'sbecausetheprescriptiondrugsavailableforthefluneedtobetakensoonaftertheillnesssetsin.Asforcolds,thesoonerapersonstartstakingover-the-counterremedy,thesoonerreliefwillcome.Thecommoncoldandthefluarebothcausedbyviruses.Morethan200virusescancausecoldsymptoms,whilethefluiscausedbythreeviruses--fluA,BandC.Thereisnocureforeitherillness,buttheflucanbepreventedbythefluvaccine(疫苗),whichis,formostpeople,thebestwaytofighttheflu,accordingtotheALA.Butifthefludoesstrike,quickactioncanhelp.Althoughthefluandcommoncoldhavemanysimilarities,therearesomeobvioussignstolookfor.Coldsymptomssuchasstuffynose,runnynoseandscratchythroattypicallydevelopgradually,andadultsandteensoftendonotgetafever.Ontheotherhand,feverisoneofthecharacteristicfeaturesofthefluforallages.Andingeneral,flusymptomsincludingfeverandchills,sorethroatandbodyachescomeonsuddenlyandaremoreseverethancoldsymptoms. TheALAnotesthatitmaybeparticularlydifficulttotellwheninfantsandpreschoolagechildrenhavetheflu.Itadvisesparentstocallthedoctoriftheirsmallchildrenhaveflu-likesymptoms. Bothcoldandflusymptomscanbeeasedwithover-the-countermedicationsaswell. Inrejectingexercise,somepeoplemaybediscouragedtoomuchbycaloric-expenditurecharts;forexample,onewouldhavetobrisklywalkthreemilesjusttoworkoffthe275caloriesinonedeliciousDanishpastry(小甜餅).Evenexerciseprofessionalsconcedehalfapointhere."Exercisebyitselfisaverytoughwaytoloseweight,"saysYorkOnnen,programdirectorofthePresident'sCouncilonPhysicalFitnessandSports. Still,exercise'ssupportingroleinweightreductionisvital.AstudyattheBostonUniversityIfyouhavebeensedentary(極少活動的)anddecidetostartwalkingonemileaday,theaddedexercisecouldburnanextra100caloriesdaily.Inayear'stime,assumingnoincreaseinfoodintake,youcouldlosetenpounds.Byincreasingthedistanceofyourwalksgraduallyandmakingotherdietaryadjustments,youmayloseevenmoreweight.26.WhatissaidabouttheaverageAmericaninthepassage? A)Theytendtoexaggeratethehealthfuleffectof"light"beer. B)Theyusuallyignoretheeffectofexerciseonlosingweight. C)Theyprefer"light"beerandlow-caloriebreadtootherdrinksandfood. D)Theyknowtheactorsthatplayapositiveroleinkeepingdownbodyweight27.Somepeopledislikeexercisebecause_____.A)theythinkitisphysicallyexhaustingB)theyfindithardtoexercisewhileonadietC)theydon'tthinkitpossibletowalk3mileseverydayD)theyfindconsultingcaloric-expenditurechartstroublesome28."Evenexerciseprofessionalsconcedehalfapointhere"(line3,Para.2)means"They____.A)agreethatthecaloriesinasmallpieceofpastrycanbedifficulttoworkoffbyexerciseB)partiallybelievedietplaysasupportingroleinweightreductionC)arenotfullyconvincedthatdietingcanhelpmaintainone'snewweightD)arenotsufficientlyinformedofthepositiveroleofexerciseinlosingweight29.WhatwasconfirmedbytheBostonA)Controllingone'scalorieintakeismoreimportantthandoingexercise.B)Evenoccasionalexercisecanhelpreduceweight.C)Weightreductionisimpossiblewithoutexercise.D)Onecouldlosetenpoundsinayear'stimeifthere'snoincreaseinfoodintake.30.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A)TojustifythestudyoftheBostonB)Tostresstheimportanceofmaintainingproperweight.C)TosupportthestatementmadebyYorkOnnen.D)Toshowthemosteffectivewaytoloseweight.PartⅢVocabularyandStructure(20minutes)Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.31.Themachinelookedlikealarge,______,old-fashionedtypewriter.A)forceful B)clumsy C)intense D)tricky32.Thoughshebeganher_____bysinginginalocalpopgroup,sheisnowafamousHollywoodmoviestar. A)employment B)career C)occupation D)profession33.Withintwoweeksofarrival,allforeignershadto_____withthelocalpolice.A)inquire B)consult C)register D)profession34.Consideringyoursalary,youshouldbeableto_____atleasttwentydollarsaweek. A)putforward B)putup C)putout D)putaside35.Ashehas_____ourpatience,we'llnotwaitforhimanylonger.A)torn B)wasted C)exhausted D)consumed36.Theseteacherstrytobeobjectivewhenthey___theintegratedabilityoftheirstudents. A)justify B)evaluate C)indicate D)reckon37.Mrs.Morris'sdaughterisprettyand_____,andmanygirlsenvyher. A)slender B)light C)faint D)minor38.Tomorrowthemayoristo____agroupofCanadianbusinessmenonatourofthecity. A)coordinate B)cooperate C)accompany D)associate39.I'm_____enoughtoknowitisgoingtobeaverydifficultsituationtocompeteagainstthreestrongteams. A)realistic B)conscious C)aware D)radical40.Canyougivemeeventhe____clueastowherehersonmightbe? A)simplest B)slightest C)least D)utmost41.NormanDaviswillberememberedbymanywith______notonlyasagreatscholarbutalsoasamostdelightfulandfaithfulfriend. A)kindness B)friendliness C)warmth D)affection42.Salariesfor_____positionsseemtobehigherthanforpermanentones. A)legal B)optional C)voluntary D)temporary43.MostpeopleagreethatthepresentroleofwomenhasalreadyaffectedU.S.society,____ithas A)Aboveall B)Inall C)Atmost D)Atlast44.Scienceandtechnologyhave____inimportantwaystotheimprovementofagriculturalproduction. A)attached B)assisted C)contributed D)witnessed45.Asanactorhecouldcommunicateawhole_____ofemotions.A)frame B)range C)number D)scale46.Thisiswhatyoushouldbearinmind:Don't____asalaryincreasebeforeyouactuallygetit.A)hangon B)drawon C)waiton D)counton47.Theship'sgeneratorbrokedown,andthepumpshadtobeoperated__insteadofmechanically.A)artificially B)automatically C)manually D)synthetically48.Thelittlegirlwassofrightenedthatshejustwouldn't_____hergriponmyarm.A)loosen B)remove C)relieve D)dismiss49.Heneverarrivesontimeandmy____isthathefeelsthemeetingsareuseless.A)preference B)conference C)inference D)reference50.Mrs.Smithwasso_____abouteverythingthatnoservantscouldpleaseher.A)specific B)special C)precise D)particular51.Lastnighthesawtwodark_____enterthebuilding,andthentherewastheexplosion.A)features B)figures C)sketches D)images52.Itisobviousthatthisnewruleisapplicabletoeveryonewithout______.A)exception B)exclusion C)modification D)substitution53.Histemperandpersonalityshowthathecanbecomeasoldierofthetop_____.A)circle B)rank C)category D)grade54.Duringthelecture,thespeakeroccasionally__his'pointbyrelatinghisownexperiencesA)illustrated B)hinted C)cited D)displayed55.Onlythosewhocan____tolosetheirmoneyshouldmakehigh-riskinvestments.A)maintain B)sustain C)endure D)afford56.Hefoundthe____mediaattentionintolerableanddecidedtogoabroad.A).sufficient B)constant C)steady D)plenty57.Therehasbeenacollision__anumberofcarsonthemainmadtotown.A)composing B)consisting C)involving D)engaging58.__elephantsaredifferentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtempers.A)Cultivated B)Regulated C)Civil D)Tame59.Tendaysagotheyoungmaninformedhisbossofhisintentionto_____.A)resign B)reject C)retreat D)replace60.Asoneoftheworld'shighestpaidmodels,shehadherface_____forfivemilliondollars.A)deposited B)assured C)measured D)insuredPartⅣCloze(15minutes)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter. Wisebuyingisapositivewayinwhichyoucanmakeyourmoneygofurther.The61yougoaboutpurchasinganarticleoraservicecanactually62youmoneyorcanadd63thecost. Takethe64exampleofahairdryer.Ifyouarebuyingahairdryer,youmight65thatyouaremakingthe66buyifyouchooseone67lookyoulikeandwhichisalsothecheapest68price.Butwhenyougetithomeyoumayfindthatit69twiceaslongasamoreexpensive70todryyourhair.Thecostoftheelectricityplusthecostofyourtimecouldwell71yourhairdryerthemostexpensiveoneofall. Sowhatprinciplesshouldyou72whenyougoonshopping? Ifyou73yourhome,yourcaroranyvaluable74inexcellentcondition,you'llbesavingmoneyinthelong75Beforeyoubuyanew76,talktosomeonewhoownsone.Ifyoucan,useitorborrowittocheckitsuitsyourparticular77.Beforeyoubuyanexpensive78,oraservice,docheckthepriceand79isonofferpossible,choose80threeitemsorthreeestimates.61. A)form B)fashion C)way D)method62. A)save B)preserve C)raise D)retain63. A)up B)to C)in D)on64. A)easy B)single C)simple D)similar65. A)convince B)accept C)examine D)think66. A)proper B)best C)reasonable D)most67. A)its B)which C)whose D)what68. A)for B)with C)in D)on69. A)spends B)takes C)lasts D)consumes70. A)mode B)copy C)sample D)model71. A)cause B)make C)leave D)prove72. A)adopt B)lay C)stick D)adapt73. A)reserve B)decorate C)store D)keep74. A)products B)possession C)material D)ownership75. A)run B)interval C)period D)time76. A)appliance B)equipment C)utility D)facility77. A)function B)purpose C)goal D)task78. A)component B)element C)item D)particle79. A)what B)which C)that D)this80. A)of B)in C)by D)from試卷二PartⅠSectionBCompounddictationDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfromS1toS7withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.ForblanksnumberedfromS8toS10youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Therearealotofgoodcamerasavailableatthemoment-mostofthesearemadeinJapanbuttherearealsogood(S1)__modelsfromGermanyandtheUSA.Wehave(S2)_______arangeofdifferentmodelstoseewhichisthebest(S3)______formoney.Afteranumberofdifferenttestsandinterviewswithpeoplewhoare(S4)______withthedifferentcamerasbeingassessed,ourresearchers(S5)_______theOlympicBYmodelasthebestauto-focuscameraavailableatthemoment.Itcosts$200althoughyoumaywellwanttospendmore(S6)______asmuchasanother$200-onbuying(S7)______lensesandotherequipment.ItisagoodJapanesecamera,easytouse.(S8)_________________________________________whereastheAmericanversionsareconsiderablymoreexpensive.TheOlympicBYmodelweighsonly320gramswhichisquiteabitlessthanothercamerasofasimilartype.Indeedoneoftheothermodelswelookedatweighedalmosttwiceasmuch.(S9)________________________________________Allthepeopleweinterviewedexpressedalmosttotalsatisfactionwithit.(S10)____________________________________________.PartⅤWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacampaignspeechinsupportofyourelectiontothepostofchairmanofthestudentunion.Youshouldwriteatleast120words.FollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.你認(rèn)為自己具備了什么條件(能力，性格，愛好等)可以勝任學(xué)生會主席的工作2.如果當(dāng)選，你將會為本校同學(xué)做什么ACampaignspeech2005年1月四級試題詳解PartIListeningComprehension聽力原文(劃線部分為答案依據(jù))1. W:You'vesoldyourcar.Youdon'tneedone?M:Notreally,liveneverlikeddriveanyway.Nowwe'dmovedtoaplacenearthesubwayentrance.WecangetaboutquiteconvenientlyQ:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?2. M:I'mgoingtodropmyInformationScienceclass.Itneedstooearlyinthemorning. W:Isthatreallythegoodreasontodroptheclass,Tony? Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?3. M:Ifyouaren'tdoinganythingparticular,shallweseethenewplayatthegrandtheatertonight? W:Soundsgreat.ButI'vegottogoovermynotesfortomorrow'smidterm. Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?4. M:Whatdoyouthinkoftheprospectsforonlineeducation?Isitgoingtoreplacethetraditionalschool?W:Idoubtit.Schoolsareheretostay,becausetherearemuchmorethanjustbooklearning.Eventhoughmoreandmorekidsaregoingonline,Ibelievefewerofthemwillquitschoolaltogether.O:Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheconventionalschools?5. M:Howdomoststudentsfindajobaftertheygraduate? W:Theyusuallylookforajobbysearchingthewantadsatthenewspapers. Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?6. M:Allenisinthebasementtryingtorepairthewashingmachine. W:Shouldn'thebeworkingonhistermpaper?Q:WhatdoeswomanthinkAllenShoulddo?7. W:ProfessorNewman,afewofusatthebackdidn'tgetacopyofyourreadingassignment.M:Well,there'reonly38namesonmyclasslist.AndIdidn'tbringanysparecopies.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?8. W:Congratulations,Liming,youarethetalkofthetownattheprideofourclassnow.M:IfyouarereferringtomywinningtheEnglishspeechcontest,Idon'tthinkit'ssuchabigdeal.YouknowI'vespenttwosummervacationslearningEnglishinCanada. Q:WhatdowelearnaboutLimingfromtheconversation?9. M:Wouldyoupassmethesportssectionplease? W:Sure,ifyougivemetheclassifiedadsandlocal-newssection. Q:Whatarethespeakersdoing?10. W:Iftheweatheristhishottomorrow,wemayaswellgiveuptheidealofplayingtennisintheafternoon.M:Oh,Idon'tthinkit'lllastlong.Theweatherforecastsaysitwillcloudoverbymid-afternoonQ:Whatdoesthemanmean?1.[D]對話中男士賣掉車的原因是他不喜歡到那兒都開車去，并且現(xiàn)在搬到了離地鐵站很近的地方，出行很方便不再需要汽車。四個選項中只有D項“他曾經(jīng)擁有一輛汽車”是符合實際情況的。2.[A]對話中男士說要放棄一門理科課程，因為這門課程上課太早，而女士責(zé)問道：“這是放棄的很好理由嗎?”，言外之意是A項“托尼應(yīng)該繼續(xù)去聽課”。3.[A]當(dāng)男士邀請女士去看新戲劇時，女士由于忙于準(zhǔn)備明天的期中考試(goovermynotesfortomorrow'smidterm)而未能同行，由此可知答案A是正確的。4.對話中女士對“網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育是否能取代傳統(tǒng)教育”的問題持“懷疑”態(tài)度，她一方面承認(rèn)“更多的孩子會上網(wǎng)學(xué)習(xí)”，另一方面她也認(rèn)為“在學(xué)校不僅只是學(xué)習(xí)書本知識(極少的孩子會放棄學(xué)校教育)。由此可以得出“學(xué)校教育將會與網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育并存”的結(jié)論。5.[B]“searchingthewantadsinthenewspapers”很顯然是“在報紙上搜索需求廣告”，“ads”即“advertisements”，是本題理解的關(guān)鍵。6.[D]從“shouldn’t”引導(dǎo)的句型及語氣來看，正確答案應(yīng)為其后面的內(nèi)容，因此愛倫的當(dāng)務(wù)之急是“完成作業(yè)”。7.[C]從對話中可知教授的名冊上只有38個名字，而他相應(yīng)地帶來38份閱讀作業(yè)材料，導(dǎo)致后排的幾個同學(xué)沒能領(lǐng)到材料。由此可以推斷“教授的名冊上漏掉了幾個同學(xué)”。8.[B]贏得英語口語比賽的Liming不認(rèn)為這是一件“了不起”的事。她“花了兩個暑假的時間在加拿大學(xué)英語”,由此看來,她對這此比賽的態(tài)度是“謙虛的;適度的?！?.[C]“sportssection”“classifiedads”“l(fā)ocal-newssection”這些關(guān)鍵詞指明他們是在閱讀報紙。10.[A]對話中女士說“如果明天的天氣太熱就會取消明天下午網(wǎng)球比賽”，男士說“天氣預(yù)報預(yù)告下午會多云”，由此可以SectionBCompoundDictationTherearealotofgoodcamerasavailableatthemoment--mostofthesearemadeinJapanbuttherearealsogood(S1)qualitymodelsfromGermanyandtheUSA.Wehave(S2)investigatedarangeofdifferentmodelstoseewhichisthebest(S3)valueformoney.Afteranumberofdifferenttestsandinterviewswithpeoplewhoare(S4)familiarwiththedifferentcamerasbeingassessed,ourresearchers(S5)recommendtheOlympicBYmodelasthebestauto-focuscameraavailableatthemoment.Itcosts$200althoughyoumaywellwanttospendmore--(S6)perhapsasmuchasanother$200--onbuying(S7)additionallensesandotherequipment.ItisagoodJapanesecamera,easytouse.(S8)EquivalentGermanmodelstendtobeheavierandslightlylesseasytouse,whereastheAmericanversionsareconsiderablymoreexpensive.TheOlympicBYmodelweighsonly320gramswhichisquiteabitlessthanothercamerasofasimilartype.Indeedoneoftheothermodelswelookedatweighedalmosttwiceasmuch.(S9)Similarly,itissmallerthanmostofitscompetitors,thusfittingeasilyintoapocketorahandbag.Allthepeopleweinterviewedexpressedalmosttotalsatisfactionwithit.(SIO)theonlyproblemwastheslightlyawkwardnessinloadingthefilm.PartIIReadingComprehensionPassage1全文翻譯喉嚨發(fā)癢、鼻子堵塞、全身酸痛都會讓人感覺糟糕，但是從這些癥狀并不能判斷是由傷風(fēng)感冒引起的還是由流感引起的，但能判斷這種糟糕的感覺會持續(xù)多久。美國肺臟協(xié)會針對戰(zhàn)勝傷風(fēng)感冒和流感問題發(fā)布了新的指導(dǎo)方針：，關(guān)鍵就是能把二者很快地區(qū)分開來。這是因為用于治療流感的處方藥需要在得病后不久服用，而對于傷風(fēng)感冒來說，越早服用非處方藥情況越好。普通的傷風(fēng)感冒和流感都是由病毒引起的。200多種病毒都可以引起感冒癥狀，而流感是由A、B、C這三種病毒引起的。這二種病狀都沒有治愈的方法，但是根據(jù)美國肺臟協(xié)會的建議，對于大多數(shù)人來說預(yù)防流感的最好方法是注射流感疫苗。得了流感后，快速的行動是有效的。雖然傷風(fēng)感冒和流感有許多共同之處，但是也有許多明顯的標(biāo)志可以區(qū)分。鼻子堵塞、流鼻涕、喉嚨發(fā)癢等傷風(fēng)癥狀是逐漸出現(xiàn)并發(fā)展的，成年人和十多歲的人都不會發(fā)燒。另一方面，對于任何年齡段來講發(fā)燒是流感的顯著特征之一?？偟膩碚f，流感癥狀比傷風(fēng)感冒更嚴(yán)重，流感癥狀包括發(fā)燒、發(fā)冷、喉嚨腫痛、突然的全身酸痛。美國肺臟協(xié)會指出，判斷嬰兒和學(xué)前兒童的流感是尤其困難的。他建議如果小孩子出現(xiàn)了流感相似癥狀，父母要馬上帶他們?nèi)タ瘁t(yī)生。傷風(fēng)感冒和流感都可以服用非處方藥來緩解。但是，兒童和十多歲的孩子不能服用阿司匹林來緩解傷風(fēng)流感帶來的疼痛，因為這有可能導(dǎo)致Reye綜合癥，會使肝臟和中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)處于少見的嚴(yán)重狀態(tài)。當(dāng)然，沒有疫苗可以防治普通感冒。但是勤洗手、避免和感冒者的密切接觸可以減少得病的可能性。試題詳解11.細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)文章第一段可知“喉嚨發(fā)癢、鼻子堵塞、全身酸痛都會讓人感覺糟糕，但是從這些癥狀并不能判斷是由傷風(fēng)感冒引起的還是由流感引起的，能判斷這種糟糕的感覺會持續(xù)多久”由此可直接選出正確答案是A。12.細(xì)節(jié)題。由第七段第一句可知D項正確。A選項與第二段內(nèi)容不符；B項內(nèi)容文中未提到；C選項與第七段內(nèi)容不符。13.細(xì)節(jié)題,正確答案是C。。第二段都是在講及時服藥的重要性。A選項是不現(xiàn)實的；B選項文中只有提及嬰兒和學(xué)前兒童時才適用；D項“在疾病擴散蔓延時保持機敏”文中沒有直接體現(xiàn)。14.細(xì)節(jié)題,正確答案是B。。從第五段第二句可知“對于任何年齡段來講發(fā)燒是流感的顯著特征之—”。15.細(xì)節(jié)題,正確答案是A。第七段第二句直接指明了:兒童和十多歲的孩子不能服用阿司匹林來緩解傷風(fēng)流感帶來的疼痛，因為這有可能導(dǎo)致Reye綜合癥，會使肝臟和中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)處于少見的嚴(yán)重狀態(tài)。Passage2全文翻譯考慮到美國兒童學(xué)業(yè)成績較低的情況，許多美國人試著把孩子送到日本讀書，那里經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)而且兒童學(xué)業(yè)成績不錯。然而，日本學(xué)前教育的情況并不像美國家長所期待的那樣。在大多數(shù)的日本學(xué)前班里，教授知識僅占很小的比重。在一項調(diào)查中，300名日本老師和210名美國教師、兒童發(fā)展專家和家長被問及早期兒童教育的不同方面問題。在回答設(shè)立學(xué)前班的目的時只有2%的日本被調(diào)查者把“提供給孩子良好的知識基礎(chǔ)”列為目的的前三位，與之相對比的是，有半數(shù)以上的美國被調(diào)查者把此項列為學(xué)前教育目的的前三位。為使孩子在一年級和以后的階段里有好的表現(xiàn)，日本學(xué)校并不教授閱讀、寫作和數(shù)學(xué)，而是強調(diào)培養(yǎng)孩子的毅力、注意力和團(tuán)隊合作能力，絕大多數(shù)的日本兒童在家里由父母來教授閱讀。在最近對美國和日本學(xué)前教育的比較中，91%的日本被調(diào)查者把提供給孩子團(tuán)隊經(jīng)驗作為設(shè)立學(xué)前教育目的的前三位，而更加強調(diào)個性發(fā)展的美國人中此比例只占62%。這種日本早期教育中對團(tuán)隊重要性的強調(diào)一直持續(xù)到小學(xué)教育。和美國一樣，日本早期教育也呈現(xiàn)出多樣性。一些日本幼兒園有特殊的目標(biāo)，例如早期的音樂訓(xùn)練和潛能開發(fā)。在大城市，幼兒園、小學(xué)和初中成為大學(xué)的附屬校。一些日本家長認(rèn)為如果把孩子送到這種大學(xué)的附屬校，會提高孩子最終被頂級學(xué)校和大學(xué)錄取的機會。更有甚者，幾個學(xué)校把自由玩耍作為突破個別日本幼兒園對學(xué)業(yè)知識過于注重的方式。試題詳解16.細(xì)節(jié)題。從第一段的前三句話中我們可以很容易地看出“美國兒童學(xué)業(yè)成績較低的情況，許多美國人試著把孩子送到日本讀書，那里經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)而且兒童學(xué)業(yè)成績不錯。然而，日本學(xué)前教育的情況并不像美國家長所期待的那樣。在大多數(shù)的日本學(xué)前班里，知識的教授僅占很小的比重。”故C正確。17.細(xì)節(jié)題。這道題從第二段的第二句可以直接選出答案B。18.推理判斷題。A選項與全文的中心思想不符；B、C選項是片面的概括；D選項把文中提到的“persistence，concentration，andtheabilitytofunctionasamemberofagroup”很好的概括為“shapingchildren'scharacter”，故D為正確的選項。19.細(xì)節(jié)題。此題可以從全文的最后一句話得出答案。其他三個選項“擴大孩子的視野”“培養(yǎng)孩子的創(chuàng)造力”和“豐富孩子的知識”文中無明確的說明。20.細(xì)節(jié)題。此題可以從全文的最后一段的第四句話得出答案。其中“top-rated”與“first-rate"意思相同。Passage3全文翻譯在二十世紀(jì)六七十年代堆積在土壤和雪中的鉛的沉積是起源于美國的含鉛汽油散發(fā)的主要結(jié)果?？諝鉂崈舴ㄒ笫褂貌缓U的汽油，在執(zhí)行此法案的二十年里，全球范圍內(nèi)鉛的沉積現(xiàn)象大大減少。最近一份由《自然》雜志刊出的報告指出，美國含鉛汽油的散發(fā)是格陵蘭島雪中鉛含量過高的主要原因。這項新的研究是CharlesBoutron博士不斷研究的結(jié)果，他是法國國家科學(xué)研究中心研究環(huán)境中重金屬影響方面的專家。在1991年他發(fā)表的一項研究表明北極雪中鉛的含量正在降低。在他的新研究中，Boutron博土發(fā)現(xiàn)在美國使用的含鉛汽油中不同種鉛的比率與在歐洲、亞洲和加拿大使用的含鉛汽油中鉛的比率是不同的，這能使科學(xué)家找出鉛的來源。在格陵蘭島雪中鉛含量的比率與美國汽油中鉛含量的比率相吻合。在Ambio雜志刊登的一項研究中，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)自從使用了不含鉛汽油后，美國東北部土壤中鉛的含量有了顯著的下降。許多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，沉積在土壤和雪中的鉛將會存在較長的時間。在1980年和1990年，在Ambio雜志刊登這份研究的作者檢驗了新英格蘭、紐約和賓夕法尼亞州30個森林層相同地點的表層土樣本。森林環(huán)境的處理和鉛的再分布速度出乎科學(xué)家們的意料之外?？茖W(xué)家們說，這兩項研究表明部分生態(tài)系統(tǒng)會對空氣污染的減少做出快速得反映，但這些發(fā)現(xiàn)不應(yīng)該被用作污染的借口。試題詳解21.細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項與第一段第二句話的意思相悖；B選項中“ontheincrease”與文中“decline”不符；C選項不是《自然》雜志刊出的；由第二段第一句話可知D正確。22.細(xì)節(jié)題。此題可從第一段第二句話:空氣潔凈法要求使用不含鉛的汽油，在執(zhí)行此法案的二十年里，全球范圍內(nèi)鉛的沉積大大減少;可得出正確答案B。enforce意為“堅持；加強”。23.推理判斷題。從第三段第一句話中可以得知各國含鉛汽油中鉛的比率是不同的，因此通過比較含鉛汽油中的化學(xué)成分就可以知道污染源。而其他三項：“分析出版物中的數(shù)據(jù)”;“觀察北極地區(qū)不同地區(qū)鉛的沉積情況”;“研究美國東北部土壤和雪中的化學(xué)成分”文中未提及。24.細(xì)節(jié)題。此題可以從第六段“森林環(huán)境的處理和鉛的再分布速度出乎科學(xué)家們的意料之外。”得到正確答案A。25.推理判斷題。從最后一段“科學(xué)家們說，這兩項研究表明部分生態(tài)系統(tǒng)會對空氣污染的減少做出快速的反映，但這些發(fā)現(xiàn)不應(yīng)該被用作污染的借口?！笨梢缘贸隹茖W(xué)家們還是把鉛污染看作一個問題對待的，對此問題并不是“迷惑的”“解脫的”“沒有足夠辦法的”。Passage4全文翻譯運動是少數(shù)幾個能對長期保持體重起積極效果的因素之一。不幸的是，這一點并沒有應(yīng)用到大多數(shù)美國人的生活中去，他們寧愿選擇喝低度啤酒、吃低熱量的面包而不愿意增加運動量。例如，疾病控制中心發(fā)現(xiàn)少于四分之一的美國減肥者能夠把運動與節(jié)食結(jié)合起來。由于拒絕運動，一些人會因熱量消耗表而氣餒。舉例來說，一個人要快步行走三公里來消耗掉一塊美味小甜餅所包含的275卡路里。即使專業(yè)的訓(xùn)練也僅減少0.5卡路里而已?！皟H靠運動本身來減肥是非常艱苦的”，保健和運動的節(jié)目主持人YorkOnnen說。然而，運動在減肥中的輔助作用是至關(guān)重要的。波士頓大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心針對肥胖警察及公共雇員的一項研究表明，不運動的節(jié)食者的體重很容易反彈，而把運動納入到日常生活中來的人可以維持他們現(xiàn)在的體重。如果你缺乏運動而又決定每天步行一公里，那么運動每天可以消耗掉多余的100卡路里。假設(shè)你的飲食沒有增加，在一年的時間里你可以減掉十鎊。通過不斷地增加步行的距離和調(diào)整飲食，你甚至可以減的更多。試題詳解26.細(xì)節(jié)題。此題可以從第一段的第一、二句找到答案。選項A和C與主題沒有直接的聯(lián)系，D選項沒有被明確的提及，而且本文側(cè)重指出“運動是在實際應(yīng)用中被忽略的”。27.推理判斷題。在第二段中，作者提到要減肥就要消耗熱量，要消耗熱量就要運動，而“運動本身是非常艱苦的”，由此我們可以推斷出大多數(shù)人不喜歡運動的原因是“生理上的筋疲力盡”。28.推理判斷題。這句話的意思是說“一個人要快步行走三公里來消耗掉一塊美味小甜餅所包含的275卡路里，即使專業(yè)的訓(xùn)練也僅減少0.5卡路里而已?！倍鳤和C選項對“節(jié)食”的討論偏離了文章和此段的主題，是間接引申出來的。D選項“他們沒有被充分的告知運動在減肥中的積極作用”是不正確的。29.推理判斷題。文中第三段的研究表明“不運動的節(jié)食者的體重很容易反彈，而把運動納入到日常生活中來的人可以維持他們現(xiàn)在的體重”，因此可以自然得出結(jié)論“沒有運動減肥是不可能的”。A和D選項片面強調(diào)了節(jié)食的作用，B選項中“occasionalexercise”與文中“workexerciseintotheirdailyroutine”不符。30.推理判斷題。通讀全篇文章，作者寫作的目的是要說明“運動是減肥的最有效方式”。PartⅢVocabularyandStructure31.B。clumsy“笨拙的，粗陋的”，這個詞很好的形容了打字機的笨重；forceful“有力的”；intense“強烈的，劇烈的”；tricky“狡猾的，機警的”。[譯文]這臺機器看起來像一個巨大、簡陋而又過時的打字機。32.B。career“事業(yè)，生涯”；employment“雇用”；occupation“職業(yè)，占有”；profession“職業(yè)，專業(yè)”。[譯文]雖然她是在地方上一個流行歌曲組合里開始她的歌唱生涯的，但是她現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是好萊塢著名的電影明星了。33.C。register“登記，紀(jì)錄”；inquire“詢問，問明”，常與of／about／into連用；consult“商議，參考”；profession“職業(yè)，專業(yè)”，是名詞，可以首先排除。[譯文]所有的外國人不得不在到達(dá)的兩個星期內(nèi)到當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀值怯洝?4.D。putaside“撇開，儲蓄…備用”，符合句中“儲蓄，存錢”的含義；putforward“提出，推舉出”；putup“建造，舉起，提供，提名”；putout“放出，伸出”。[譯文]考慮到你的薪資情況，你每星期至少可以存二十美元。35.C。exhausted“耗盡的，疲憊的”，是exhaust的過去分詞；torn“破的”，是tear的過去分詞；wasted“廢棄的，荒蕪的，多余的”；consumed“消耗的，消滅的”，多指具體有形物品的消耗。[譯文]既然他已經(jīng)耗盡了我們的耐心，我們也就不再等他了。36.B。evaluate“評價，估計”，是及物動詞，后面可以直接加賓語；justify“證明…是正當(dāng)?shù)模瑸椤q護(hù)”；indicate“指出，象征”；reckon“計算，估計”，常用的搭配是reckonon／upon“依賴，依靠；對…做出假設(shè)，設(shè)想…?！盵譯文]老師在評價學(xué)生的綜合能力時力圖客觀。37.A。slender“苗條的”；light“輕的，明亮的”，側(cè)重于重量方面；faint“虛弱的，暗淡的”；minor“較小的，次要的”。[譯文]莫里斯太太的女兒既漂亮又苗條，許多女孩都羨慕她。38.C。accompany“陪伴，伴奏”，accompany指“與人結(jié)伴，做伴”，常含有彼