建筑衛(wèi)生陶瓷生產(chǎn)英文資料

建筑衛(wèi)生陶瓷生產(chǎn)SANITARYWAREPRODUCTION1.PRECRUSHINGOFRAWMATERIALS原料初碎Hardmaterials(硬質(zhì)料)likefeldspar長(zhǎng)石，quartz(石英)，maybeprecrushed(初碎)，inordertoreduce(減少)thegrinding(研磨)timeduringpreparation(制備).Thehardmaterialsarecharged(裝)toanimpactcrusher(錘擊破碎機(jī)),forreducing(縮小)thegrainsize(粒度).Avibratingsieve(振動(dòng)篩)separatesoversized(過大的)grain,whichisreturned(返回)tothecrusher(破碎機(jī)).Thecrushed(破碎過的)materialsarestoredinsilos(料倉(cāng)).Zirconsand(鋯英砂)

hastobeground(研磨)inaballmill(球磨機(jī))toamaximum(最大)sizeof100micron(微米)

andisthengroundinavibro-energy-mill(振動(dòng)磨)tothefinalsizes.參考譯文：1、原料初碎為了縮短原料制備過程的研磨時(shí)間，諸如長(zhǎng)石，石英之類的硬質(zhì)原料可先進(jìn)行初碎。將這些硬質(zhì)料放進(jìn)錘擊破碎機(jī)內(nèi)縮小其粒度。較大的顆粒由振動(dòng)篩分離出去，返回破碎機(jī)。破碎過的原料儲(chǔ)存在料倉(cāng)內(nèi)。鋯英砂應(yīng)在球磨機(jī)內(nèi)研磨，使最大粒度不超過100微米，然后再放入振動(dòng)磨內(nèi)研磨到所需要的粒度。2.BODYPREPARATION坯料制備Accordingto（按照）thecomposition（配方）,therawmaterialsaretakenoutoftheboxesbyashovelloader（裝載機(jī)）,weighed（稱重）onaplatformscale（臺(tái)秤）anddumped（傾倒）intoaboxfeeder（加料箱）.Theamountloadedintotheboxfeederisrecordedbytheshovelloaderdriver.Assoonasabatch（批料）iscollectedintheboxfeeder,aballmill（球磨機(jī)）canbecharged（加料）.Thematerialsleavingtheboxfeederpassaclay（粘土）slicer（切碎機(jī)）inordertocutchunks（大塊）ofclaytosmallersizeforeasydissolving（細(xì)碎）oftheclayintheballmill.Bymeansof（通過）conveyorbelts（輸送帶）therawmaterialsaretransportedintotheballmills.Afteraddingtherightamountofwaterviaawatermeter,theyareformedtoafineslip（細(xì)漿）.Grindingtimewillbeapprox10to16hours,dependingonthematerials.Thisslipisemptiedviaacoursescreen（粗目篩）intoapropellerblungertank（螺旋槳攪拌池）.Fromtheretheslipispumpedtothemixingblunger（混合攪拌機(jī)）.Thescrap（廢料）andbrokenpiecesareputinahighspeedblunger（高速攪拌機(jī)）.Waterisaddedtogettherightliterweight（升重）anddissolved（溶解）.Thisslipwillbepumpedoverascreentoastoragetank.Fromtherethescrapslip（回漿）isaddedtothemixingblunger.Thereadypreparedslipispumpedoverascreenintoslipstoragecontainers（泥漿罐）.參考譯文：2、坯料制備按照配方，用裝載機(jī)將原料從料倉(cāng)內(nèi)取出，經(jīng)臺(tái)秤稱重，倒入加料箱。裝入加料箱內(nèi)的數(shù)量由裝載機(jī)駕駛員負(fù)責(zé)記錄。當(dāng)一批料裝入加料器之后，先通過粘土切碎機(jī)將粘土塊破碎到較小程度，以便粘土在球磨機(jī)中細(xì)碎。原料通過傳送帶送到球磨機(jī)。通過水表控制加入適量的水，形成泥漿。研磨時(shí)間視原料情況大約需要10到16小時(shí)。然后通過粗目篩將泥漿倒進(jìn)螺旋攪拌池。從攪拌池用泵將泥漿打進(jìn)混合攪拌機(jī)，其余的廢料和碎塊放入高速攪拌機(jī)。加入適量的水溶解后，用泵通過篩子將泥漿打到儲(chǔ)漿池，回漿從這里放進(jìn)混合攪拌機(jī)。制好的泥漿，用泵通過篩打到泥漿罐。3.GLAZEPREPARATION釉料制備Glaze（釉）rawmaterials（原料）areweighed（稱重）onaplatformscale（臺(tái)秤）andloadedincontainers（桶）wherebyacompletebatchoftherequiredformula（配方）iscompiled（混合）.Theloadedcontainersareliftedtoaworkingplatform（工作臺(tái)）abovetheballmill.5.DRYING干燥Aftergreenfettling（生坯休整）allcastingpieces（注件）frombatteryandmanualcastingareplacedontoatwodeckcarrier（雙層輸送托架）ontheoverheadpowerfreeconveyorsystemattheirrespectivepositions.Fromtheloadingpositionthefullcarriersareautomaticallyconveyedtotheentranceofoneoftherapidtunneldriers（快速隧道式干燥器）.Aflagcontrolsystem（信號(hào)控制系統(tǒng)）automaticallydirectseachtypeofwaretoitsrespectivedryer.Arecirculationloop（循環(huán)封閉系統(tǒng)）isincludedtostoreloadedcarriers（滿載的托架）intheeventof（防止萬一）therebeingnodryerentranceslot（入口位置）available（可用）.Eachdryerhasanindividualvariablespeeddrive（變速驅(qū)動(dòng)器）whichallowscycletime（時(shí)間周期）tobeadjustedwithinarangeof3-8hourstosuittheultimate（最大極限）dryingcharacteristics（特性）oftheware.Theconveyordrive（輸送驅(qū)動(dòng)器）isprovidedwithareversingfacility（換向裝置）whichmaintainslinearspeed（線性速度）throughthedryerensuringeven（均勻）drying.Dryingofthewareiscarriedout（完成）intherapidtunneldryers（快速隧道干燥器）.Thewareoncarrierspassesthrough4dryerstages（干燥階段）.Instage1moisturecontent（含水量）isreducedfrom18to12%byincreasingtemperatureto35-50deg.Candcontrollingrelativehumidity（相對(duì)濕度）to55-60%.Airiscirculated（循環(huán)）throughaseriesofmultidirectionalnozzles（多向噴嘴）aroundthewareandisexhausted（排氣）and/orrecirculateddependenton（依照）itshumiditycontent（含濕量）throughanundercarrierduct（輸送管道）andfansystem（風(fēng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)）Indryingstage2moisturecontentofthewareisreducesfrom12to6%byincreasingtemperaturefrom50-80deg.Candcirculatinglargevolumesofairthroughasimilarnozzle/duct/fansystem.Infinaldryingstage3themoisturecontentofthewareisreduceddownto1%byincreasingtemperatureto90deg.Candcirculatingmaximumairvolumeswithairmovementandturbulence（湍動(dòng)）throughoutthezone.Finallyinstage4ofthedryerthewareiscooledbyintroducingcontrolledquantitiesofambientair（內(nèi)部空氣）toatemperaturesuitableforthefollowing（連續(xù)的）fettlingandglazingoperations（修坯和施釉操作）.Eachstageofthecyclecanbeadjustedfordryingtime,temperatureandhumiditytoobtaintheultimatedryingconditions（干燥狀態(tài)）foreachspecificpiece.Thedried（已干的）warecarrierispickeduponexitfromthedryerbythepowerandfreeconveyorcirculatingtrack（電動(dòng)架空傳送循環(huán)軌道）anddeliveredtothefettlingstation（修坯臺(tái)）positionwherethewareisunloadedbyhand,arecirculationloop（循環(huán)封閉系統(tǒng)）isincludedinthesectiontostoreloadedcarriersnotabletobeunloaded.Afterunloadingtheemptycarriersarecirculatedbacktothebatteryandmanualcasting（組合和手工澆注車間）departmentforloadingnewlycastware.參考譯文：5、干燥 修坯之后，所有的立澆及手工注件按其相應(yīng)位置放在架空電動(dòng)輸送系統(tǒng)的雙層托架上。從裝載處滿載的托架自動(dòng)輸送到其中的一個(gè)快速隧道式干燥器的入口。信號(hào)控制系統(tǒng)會(huì)自動(dòng)指示各種坯件到達(dá)相應(yīng)的干燥器。在干燥器沒有入口可供使用的情況下，設(shè)有循環(huán)封閉系統(tǒng)來儲(chǔ)存滿載的托架。每個(gè)干燥器都有一個(gè)獨(dú)立的變速驅(qū)動(dòng)器，能在周期3-8小時(shí)范圍內(nèi)調(diào)節(jié)，以適應(yīng)坯體的干燥特性。傳送輸送器帶有換向裝置，保持干燥器的線性速度，確保均勻干燥。坯體的干燥在快速隧道式干燥器內(nèi)進(jìn)行。托架上的坯體經(jīng)過4個(gè)干燥階段。第一階段，將溫度提高到35-50度C，并將相對(duì)濕度控制在55-60%，水分含量從18%降到12%?？諝馔ㄟ^多向噴嘴在坯體周圍循環(huán)，并按含濕量通過下層管道及風(fēng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)排出和/或再循環(huán)。第二干燥階段，溫度由50度C升到80度C，并通過同樣的噴嘴/管道/風(fēng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)使大量的空氣循環(huán)，水分含量由12%降到6%。在最后的第三干燥階段，溫度上升到90度C，大量的空氣在干燥器內(nèi)湍動(dòng)，坯體的含水量降到1%。最后，在第四階段，利用控制室內(nèi)空氣參數(shù)來冷卻坯件，使其溫度適合于連續(xù)的修坯及施釉操作。每一周期的干燥時(shí)間、溫度及濕度皆可調(diào)節(jié)以達(dá)到每件產(chǎn)品的最佳干燥狀態(tài)。已干坯體的托架，由電動(dòng)架空循環(huán)軌道托到干燥器出口，并送到修坯處，用手工卸下來。在此處設(shè)有一套循環(huán)封閉系統(tǒng)用于儲(chǔ)存未能卸載的托架。卸載后,空架被送回立澆及人工注漿車間裝載新的坯體。6.FETTLINGANDSPRAYGLAZING修坯和噴釉 Afterdrying,thewareistransportedbypowerandfreeconveyortothefettlingarea.Priortoglazing（施釉）andfiring（燒成）,inspectionisnecessarytoensurethatthewareiswellfinishedandfreefromcracksandpinholes（沒有裂紋和針孔）.Twelvefettlingbooths（修坯室）eachconstructedtothestandardB.C.R.A（英國(guó)陶瓷研究協(xié)會(huì)）.designwithairsupplyfanandairextraction（抽吸）systemwillbearrangedincloseproximity（靠近）toeachotherwhereindividualsanitaryware（衛(wèi)生潔具）piecesareinspected,dryfettled（干燥修坯）,de-dusted（除塵）andsponged（用海綿擦）smooth.Thefettledproductisplacedontooneofeightyworktables（工作臺(tái)）fittedtoavariablespeed（變速）floormountedclosedloopconveyor（封閉式環(huán)形輸送機(jī)）whichtransportsthewarethroughmanualandelectrostaticglazespayingbooths（靜電噴釉櫥）.Theconveyorfirstpassesthroughanopenfrontmanualsprayglazingbooth（人工噴釉櫥）whereareasofthewarewhichtheautomaticequipmentcannotcoat（噴涂）aremanuallyglazecoated.Theconveyorthenproceedsto（到達(dá)）thetotallyenclosedelectrostaticsprayglazingboothwheretheworktablearerotated（旋轉(zhuǎn)）whiletwostations（組）oftensprayguns（噴槍）reciprocate（相互交替）withintheenclosure（在里面）,projectingatomized（霧化）sprayeletrostaticallychargedtowardstheclayware（坯件）ontheconveyor.Theuseofhighvoltage（高壓）electrostaticapplicationtogetherwithreciprocators（交替裝置）allowglazepatternstobeblended（摻和）togethergivingaconsistent（一致）andeven（均勻）surfacecoating.Thesprayglazingboothsincorporate（帶有）aglazerecoveringsystem（回收系統(tǒng)）tofacilitatethereclamation（回收）ofahighproportionofanyoversprayedmaterial.Whenglazedtheproductismanuallyremovedfromtheworktableandloadedontokilncars（窯車）.Theworktableisthenautomaticallycleanedanddriedbeforearrivingattheloadingstationreadytoreceivefettledware（修好的坯件）.參考譯文：6、修坯和噴釉 干燥完畢后，坯體用電動(dòng)架空輸送系統(tǒng)運(yùn)到修坯處。在施釉及燒成前，必須檢查，以確保坯體完美無缺，沒有裂紋和針孔。 十二個(gè)修坯室每一個(gè)都按“英國(guó)陶瓷研究協(xié)會(huì)”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)，并有供氣風(fēng)機(jī)和排氣風(fēng)機(jī)。每件產(chǎn)品在這里都經(jīng)過檢查、干修、除塵，并用海綿擦平。修過的產(chǎn)品依次放到落地式變速環(huán)形傳送機(jī)上的八十個(gè)工作臺(tái)上，接著通過人工和靜電噴釉櫥。傳送機(jī)首先通過開放式人工噴釉櫥，所有自動(dòng)設(shè)備不能噴到的地方用人工噴釉，然后輸送機(jī)到達(dá)全封閉的靜電噴釉櫥。櫥內(nèi)有工作臺(tái)旋轉(zhuǎn)，十個(gè)噴槍在里面分成兩組相互交叉工作，霧化噴射器通過靜電噴向輸送機(jī)上的坯體。高壓靜電及相互交叉裝置的使用使釉料摻和，從而使釉層均勻一致。噴釉櫥設(shè)有釉料回收系統(tǒng)來收集大部分溢噴的釉料。 產(chǎn)品施釉后，用手工搬離工作臺(tái)，放在窯車上。工作臺(tái)在抵達(dá)裝坯臺(tái)前自動(dòng)清洗、干燥、準(zhǔn)備再次接收修好的坯體。7.FIRING燒成 Singlefiring（一次燒成）ofallproductionfromthefactorywillbecarriedoutinthelateststateoftheart（現(xiàn)代化的）skatetypetunnelkiln（隧道窯）.Thekilnincorporates（包括）ultramodern（最先進(jìn)的）designofrefractories（耐火材料）,insulation（保溫）,airmovementinstrumentationandcomputercontrolensuringlowenergyconsumptionandhighproductyieldoutput（產(chǎn)量）withminimumlosses.Automaticcontroloftemperature,pressure,combustion（燃燒）,cooling（冷卻）anddraught（通風(fēng)）ensuretheultimatefiringconditions（最佳燒成條件）. Thekilnincorporates（包括）afullyautomatickilncar（窯車）motionequipmentsystemwithkilnpusher（頂車機(jī)）,transfercars（托車）,storageandload/unloadtracks. Forrefiring（重?zé)﹐fwarethatwassubstandard（次等的）afterfirstfiringandhasbeensubsequentlyrepaired（修補(bǔ)）,adirectfired（明焰）intermittent（間歇）shuttlekiln（梭式窯）isprovided.Thiskilnhasthecapacitytofire20%ofthetunnelkiln(隧道窯)outputifnecessary.參考譯文：7、燒成 所有的產(chǎn)品都在最先進(jìn)的“SKATE”型隧道窯內(nèi)一次燒成。該窯擁有設(shè)計(jì)先進(jìn)的保溫耐火材料、氣體流動(dòng)儀器及計(jì)算機(jī)控制，確保能耗低，產(chǎn)量高，損失少。溫度、壓力、燃燒、冷卻及排氣采用自動(dòng)控制，保證最佳燒成條件。窯爐還包括一套全自動(dòng)窯車運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)，有頂車機(jī)、托車、儲(chǔ)存和裝卸軌道。對(duì)于一次燒成低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的產(chǎn)品，經(jīng)過修補(bǔ)，可用明焰間歇窯重?zé)?。如果需要，該窯可燒成隧道窯燒后20%的產(chǎn)品。8.FINALINSPECTIONANDTESTING最后檢驗(yàn)與測(cè)試 Firedproducts（燒成的產(chǎn)品）aremanuallytransferredfromthekilncartothefinalinspectionbencheswhereeverypieceofwareisexaminedforcracks（裂紋）,warping（變形）,glazeappearance（釉面）,pinholes（針孔）,blemishes（斑點(diǎn)）andsize.Afterinspectionthewareistransportedbyoverloadmonorail（單軌）conveyortothetesting,warehouse,repair,re-sprayandre-fireareas. Warehavingsmallcracks,pinholesorothersurfaceblemishes（瑕疵）willberepairedandstoppedwithasuitable