環(huán)境工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ) 課件 U1L2 Global Environmental Concern

ProfessionalEnglishforEnvironmentalEngineeringMainContents

IntroductiontoEnvironmentalEngineeringAirPollutionandControlWaterPollutionandControlSolidWasteandDisposalEnvironmentalImpactAssessmentEnvironmentalLaws，RegulationsandSustainableDevelopment

IntroductiontoEnvironmentalEngineering

GlobalEnvironmentalConcern

ProfessionalEnglishforEnvironmentalEngineering

ContentsTreaties,conventions,andprotocols

forthecauseofglobalenvironmentalprotection--RioDeclaration(1992)--TheConventiononBiologicalDiversity(CBD)(1992)--KyotoProtocol(1997)--TheAntarcticTreaty(1991)GlobalEnvironmentalConcern

--Ozonelayerdepletion--

Globalwarming--

LossofbiodiversityOzonelayerdepletionEffectsofOzoneLayerDepletion

EffectsonHumanandAnimalHealthEffectsonTerrestrialPlantsEffectsonAquaticEcosystemsEffectsonBio-geo-chemicalCyclesEffectsonAirQualityOzoneDepletionCounterMeasuresInternationalcooperation,agreement(MontrealProtocol)tophaseoutozonedepletingchemicalssince1974TaximposedforozonedepletingsubstancesRecycleofCFCs

andHalonsGlobalEnvironmentalConcern

GlobalAtmosphericChangesTheMontrealProtocol(1987)—aimedatcurbingpollutionfromthereleaseofchlorofluorocarbon

refrigerants

intotheatmosphere.DepletionofStratosphericOzoneLayerGlobalEnvironmentalConcern

GlobalWarmingSourcesofGreenhouseGases

Naturallyoccurringgreenhousegasesincludewatervapor,carbondioxide,methane,nitrousoxide,andozone.Humanactivities--carbondioxide,methane,nitrousoxide,hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs),perfluorocarbons(PFCs),andsulfurhexafluoride(SF6)GlobalWarming(ClimateChange)ImplicationsRiseinglobaltemperatureRiseinsealevelFoodshortagesandhungerGlobalEnvironmentalConcern

GlobalAtmosphericChangesTheKyotoProtocol(1997)—aimedtoreduceemissionsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases.Atthemeeting,mostoftheindustrializednationsagreestoreduceemissionstobelow1990level,agoalachievedby2010.LossofBiodiversityBiodiversityreferstothevarietyoflifeonearth,anditsbiologicaldiversity--genesinthesespeciesandthedifferentecosystemsontheplanet.Humanactivityischangingbiodiversityandcausingmassiveextinctions.GlobalEnvironmentalConcern

LossofBiodiversityTherapidlygrowinghumanpopulation,togetherwithincreasingconsumption,isacceleratingtheconversionofforest,grasslands,andwetlandstoagricultureandurbandevelopment.TianjinBinhaiNewAreaLeft(1992)

Right(2012)BiomutationbecauseofFukushimanuclearpowerplantleaksLossofBiodiversityPollutionalsodegradeshabitats—particularlyaquaticandmarine

habitats—destroyingthespeciestheysupport.LossofBiodiversityHundredsofspeciesofmammals,reptiles,amphibians）,fish,birds,andbutterflies,aswellasinnumerableplants,areexploitedfortheircommercialvalue.Evenwhenspeciesareprotectedbylaw,theycontinuetobehunted,killed,andmarketedillegally.

DiscussionClimatechangeChangesofoneortwodegreesintheaveragetemperatureoftheplanetcancausepotentiallydangerousshiftsinclimateandweather.DrownedPolarBear科技英語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)（下）時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(>1/3)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的翻譯保留源語(yǔ)被動(dòng)形式，借用漢語(yǔ)的“被”、“為”、“由”、“受到”等詞語(yǔ)譯出譯成主動(dòng)句譯成無(wú)主句—語(yǔ)氣：陳述語(yǔ)氣、祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣—語(yǔ)篇特點(diǎn)：語(yǔ)言規(guī)范、語(yǔ)氣正式、陳述客觀、邏輯性強(qiáng)、高準(zhǔn)確性、信息量大、呈現(xiàn)高度專業(yè)化并大量使用公式、表格和圖表Translation

Exercise（1）Ingeneral,thefastertheclimatechange,thegreaterwillbetheriskofdamage.Themeansealevelisexpectedtorise9-88cmbytheyear2100,causingfloodingoflowlyingareasandotherdamages.（2）Theozonelayer,therefore,ishighlybeneficialtoplantandanimallifeonearthfilteringthedangerouspartofsunsradiationandallowingonlythebeneficialparttoreachearth.Anydisturbanceordepletionofthislayerwouldresultinanincreaseofharmfulradiationreachingtheearth’ssurfaceleadingtodangerousconsequences.Translation

Exercise（1）值得一提的是，在控制全球變暖的合作中，像中國(guó)這樣的發(fā)展中國(guó)家一直在盡自己最大的努力，擔(dān)負(fù)起自己的責(zé)任。（2）假如地球的平均溫度上升2℃，數(shù)以億計(jì)的人會(huì)流離失所。Translation

科技報(bào)告類的書寫--實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告(experiment/labreport)1文頭（heading）2簡(jiǎn)介（introduction）3討論（discussion）4結(jié)論/建議（conclusion/recommendation）Writing

Writing

ExerciseWritea