大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試模擬試卷127

大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試模擬試卷127

（總分：710.00,做題時(shí)間：125分鐘）

PartIWriting（總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay

entitledBehaveinthePublicbycommentingontheoldChinesesaying,"Don'tdoto

otherswhatyoudonotwanttobedoneto."Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbut

nomorethan180words.

BehaveinthePublic

（分?jǐn)?shù)：106.50）

正確答案：(［范文］

BehaveinthePublic

ManyofusmusthaveheardoftheoldChinesesaying,"Don'tdotoothers

whatyoudonotwanttobedoneto."Butmanypeoplemusthaveforgottenthisold

sayingwhentheyturnupinthepublic.Infact,manypeopletalkloudly,litterfreely,

jumpqueues,andignoretrafficregulations.Someevenscratchintouristattractions,

leavingmarksonscenicspots.

Thiskindofuncivilizedbehaviorisveryharmfulandshouldbediscouraged.

Ontheonehand,itsurelybringsinconveniencestoothers,pollutestheenvironment

andevendisturbssocialorder.Ontheotherhand,italsocausesyouyourselftrouble

inthatuncivilizedbehaviornormallymakespeopleunpopularorevendisgustful.

Inordertocreateaharmonioussociety,weallshouldbehaveourselvesinthe

public.Besides,ifwewereallconsiderateandbehavedwellinpublicplaces,this

worldwouldbecomeabetterplaceforustolivein.)

解析：這是一篇論說文，要求考生結(jié)合諺語就“公共場合行為應(yīng)檢點(diǎn)”這

個(gè)話題進(jìn)行闡述。根據(jù)題目要求，文章內(nèi)容可安排如下：

第一段：結(jié)合諺語概述當(dāng)下公共場合中的不文明舉止(如大聲喧嘩、插隊(duì)、

亂扔垃圾等)。

第二段：分點(diǎn)闡述不文明舉止的危害性。

第三段：呼應(yīng)文章主題，呼吁公眾共同樹立文明之風(fēng)。

［參考譯文］許多人肯定聽說過“己所不欲，勿施于人”這句諺語?？墒巧?/p>

處公共場合時(shí)，很多人肯定是把這句諺語給忘了。事實(shí)上，很多人在公共場合大

聲喧嘩、隨地丟垃圾、插隊(duì)、無視交通規(guī)則。有人甚至在游覽勝地亂涂亂畫，并

在景點(diǎn)留下標(biāo)記。

這種行為非常有害，理應(yīng)被勸止。一方面，在公眾場所的不文明行為肯定

會(huì)給他人帶來不便、污染環(huán)境，甚至擾亂社會(huì)秩序。另一方面，在公眾場所的不

文明行為同樣也會(huì)給你自己帶來麻煩，因?yàn)檫@種行為通常使人不受歡迎，甚至令

人討厭。

為了創(chuàng)建一個(gè)和諧的社會(huì)，我們身處公眾場所時(shí)都應(yīng)檢點(diǎn)自己的行為。此

外，如果我們都相互體諒，并且在公眾場所行為檢點(diǎn)，這個(gè)世界將變成我們更美

好的居住之地。

PartIIListeningComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

SectionA（總題數(shù)：7,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Questions1and2willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

1.（分?jǐn)?shù):14.20）

A.Robberyandkidnapping.

B.Murderingandbankrobbery.

C.Kidnappingandmurdering.J

0.Stealingandkidnapping.

解析：［聽力原文］

ThiswasoneofthemostdaringprisonbreakoutstotakeplaceinGreece.The

helicopterlandedinacourtyardofKorydallosprisoninAthensasthoseonboard

threwflashbombsintothearea.Amidtheconfusion,twoprisonersmanagedto

climbintothehelicopterwhichtookoffagain,flyingtoanearbyvillage.Theescaped

prisonersthenfledwiththeirpartnersonmotorbikeswhichhavesincebeenfound

neartheportofPiraes.Oneofthemen,VassilisPaleokostas,wasservinga

twenty-five-yearsentenceforkidnappingandbankrobbery.It'sthoughthisbrother,

who'sbeenontherunsince1990,wasbehindthebreakout.Thepolicehave

arrestedthehelicopterpilot,whosayshewasforcedtoflytotheprisonatgunpoint.

Korydallosholdssomeofthecountry'smostinfamouscriminals.

WhatcrimedidVassilisPaleokostascommitbeforebreakingoutofprison?

新聞在中間部分交待其中一名越獄者在逃跑之前所犯的罪行，即綁架罪和銀

行搶劫罪（kidnappingandbankrobbery）,A項(xiàng)重現(xiàn)錄音原詞，為正確答案。

.Questions3and4willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

3.（分?jǐn)?shù)：14.20）

A.InGermany.

B.lnUkraine.J

C.lnRussia.

D.lnEngland.

解析：［聽力原文］

There'sgreatexcitementthatUkraineisabouttoplayinitsfirsteverWorld

Cupfinals.Thiscountryhasneverqualifiedforamajorfootballcompetitionbefore.It

wasonlyinthelastfewyearsthatUkraineburstontotheworldstage.Afterthe

SovietUnioncollapsed,someofitsbestplayersleftforRussia.Thetwonationsare

footballingrivals,somanypeoplehereaxetakinggreatdelightthatRussiahasfailed

toqualifyfortheWorldCup.Ukraine'sopeninggamekicksoffat4:00pmlocaltime.

Manypeoplewillbeleavingworkearlywiththegovernment'sapproval.ThePrime

Minister;YuriYekhanurov,hassaidthatemployersshouldensurethateveryoneis

abletoseethegame.ThousandsofpeopleareexpectedtogatherinthecapitaTs

mainsquaretowatchtheeventliveonagiantscreen.

Whereisthenewsmostlikelytobereported?

新聞中開頭對(duì)于烏克蘭進(jìn)入世界杯決賽表示很興奮，接著提到這里的許多人

都對(duì)俄羅斯無緣世界杯感到高興，尤其注意其中使用了here一詞，所以綜合以

上信息，最佳的答案應(yīng)該是B項(xiàng)“烏克蘭”。新聞中沒有我們常常習(xí)慣聽到的“這

是XXX從XXX發(fā)回的報(bào)道"，那么我們要注意新聞報(bào)道中一些細(xì)微之處。

.Questions5to7willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

5.(分?jǐn)?shù)：21.30)

A.IntheJavaSea.V

B.OntheBorneoIsland.

C.NeartheIndonesiancityofSurabaya.

D.lnSingapore.

解析：［聽力原文］

Indonesianofficialshaverecoveredbodiesfromtheseanearthewreckofan

AirAsiapassengerjet.TheairplanecrashedduringastormonSunday.

IndonesiantelevisionshowedrescuehelicopterspullingbodiesfromtheJava

Sea,inwatersabout160kilometersfromBorneoIsland.Thefirstimagesofthe

bodiesshowedtheywerenotwearingprotectivelifejackets.

Rescueworkershadrecoveredaboutonefourthofthepassengersandcrew

atnightfall.Theyfoundthebodiessoonafterdiscoveringthewreck.Itincludedwhat

appearedtobeanorangelifejacket,aredandwhiteemergencydoor;etc.

Searchesfromtheairalsoshowedwhatappearedtobeaverylargeobject

tinderthesurfaceofthewater.Itisbelievedtobethemainbodyoftheairplane.

LastTuesday,AirAsiaconfirmedthewreckwasitslostplane.Thepassenger

jetdisappearedonSundayhalfwaythroughwhatwassupposedtobeatwo-hour

flightfromtheIndonesiancityofSurabayatoSingapore.

TheheadofAirAsia,TonyFernandes,saidheis,"absolutelyupset"atthe

news.Earlierhesaidhisheart"isfilledwithsadnessforallthefamiliesinvolved."

Wherewasthewreckfound?

題目間失事飛機(jī)的殘骸是在哪里發(fā)現(xiàn)的。新聞中提到，印尼電視臺(tái)播放了救

援直升機(jī)在爪哇海(Javasea)捕撈尸體。A項(xiàng)正確。新聞提到，捕撈尸體的水域距

離婆羅洲島(BorneoIsland)約160公里B項(xiàng)“在婆羅洲島”不正確。錄音提到星

期日客機(jī)是在半途消失，本來的預(yù)定航線是從印尼泗水市(Indonesiancityof

Surabaya)到新加坡(Singapore),故C項(xiàng)“在印尼泗水市附近”和D項(xiàng)“在新加坡”

都不對(duì)。

SectionB(總題數(shù):8,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00)

.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.(分?jǐn)?shù)：28.40)

A.Sheblushedwhentalkingtoagroupofpeople.V

B.Shecouldn'thelplookingatasignwhenshegaveapresentation.

C.Shedidn'tknowtheanswertotheprofessor'squestion.

D.Shefeltembarrassedtalkingtotheman.

解析：［聽力原文］

M:Hi,Sarah.What'sup?

W:Oh,hi,Ijustgotoutofahistoryclass.Ihadtogiveapresentation.

M:Howdiditgo?

W:Terribly.I'msureImadeafoolofmyself.

M:Why?Weren'tyouprepared?

W:No,itwasnotthat.IjustgetsoembarrassedandnervouswheneverIhave

tospeakinfrontofagroupofpeople.IstandupandmyfacegetsredandthenIget

evenmorenervousbecauseIknoweveryonecanseemeblushing.

M:It'snotsobadtoblush.

W:Butithappensallthetime.IftheprofessorasksaquestionandIknowthe

answer,Iblushlikecrazyifhecallsonme.Doesn'tthateverhappentoyou?

M:No,notreally.Maybeyoushouldjusttry.toforgetaboutthepeople.Look

atsomethingelseintheroomliketheexitsign.

W:IguessIcouldtrythatbutIdoubtit'llhelp.

M:Youknow,wetalkedaboutitinpsychologyclass.Blushing,eventhough

it'sinvoluntary,ismoreorlessalearnedbehavior.

W:Whatdoyoumean?

M:Oh,childrenhardlyeverblushatall.Andamongadults,supposedly,

womenblushmorethanmen.

W:Iwonderwhy?

M:Idon'tknow,butIhaveafriendathighschool,BrianSmith.Itwasreally

easytomakehimblush.Heturnedredwheneverawaitresswouldaskhimforhis

order.

W:I'mnotthatbad.Well,I'vegottogetgoingformynextclass.I'lltalktoyou

later.

Whatwasthewoman'sproblem?

對(duì)話開頭女士就說自己“像傻瓜”，說明她有問題，緊接著談?wù)摰氖撬诒?/p>

人面前說話會(huì)臉紅。所以她最大的問題是A。

?Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.（分?jǐn)?shù)：28.40）

A.HewaswatchingagameonTVwithsomefriends.V

B.Hewasseeinghiswifeoffattheairport.

C.Hewashavingabarbequewithsomefriends.

D.Hewasplayingagamewithsomefriends.

解析：［聽力原文］

W:Hey,Henry,how'severythinggoing,andwhat'swiththeflowers?

M:They'reformywife.

W:Oh,aweddinganniversaryorsomething?

M:Totellthetruth,itcouldn'tbeworse.Yousee,Ihavetopickmywifeup

fromtheairportthisevening,butwhileshewasgone,therewereafewminor

mishaps.

W:Ohreally?Whathappened?

M:Well,IhadsomeoftheguysoverFridaynighttowatchabasketballgame

onTV,butoneofthemgotallexcited,andstartedhorsingaround,wavinghisarms,

andheaccidentallyknockedovermywife's250-year-oldChineseporcelainvase

giventoherbyhergrandmother;andbrokeitbeyondrepair.

W:Ohno!You'reinhotwaternow.

M:Ifithadonlybeenthat.

W:Oh,there'smore?

M:Yeah,yousee,thewaterfromthevasespilledalloverthemanuscriptofa

bookmywifehasbeenwritingforthepasttwoyears.Itblurredtheinkovermanyof

thepages.

W:Ohno!

M:Andsooneoftheguyshadthebrightideaofdryingthepagesbythefire

whilewewatched,uh,therestofgame,butasparkfromthefiremusthaveblown

outandburnedthemanuscripttoacrisp.

W:Ah,soIgetitnow.You'rebuyingtheflowersforherasapartofsomekind

ofpeaceoffering,right?

M:No,notatall.They'reformyfuneral.

WhatwasHenrydoingFridaynightwhenhisproblemsstarted?

選項(xiàng)講的是男士當(dāng)時(shí)在于什么。聽到女士問“哦，是嗎?發(fā)生什么事了？”時(shí)，

就該預(yù)測到后面講的是事情的經(jīng)過。男士隨即說道，“我有幾個(gè)朋友周五晚上過

來看籃球賽」所以選Ao男士將要去機(jī)場接妻子，而不是B；C中的barbeque

在錄音中未提及；對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)過game,但它是basketballgame的省略表達(dá)，D

利用game進(jìn)行語音干擾。

SectionC（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

PassageOne（總題數(shù)：3,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分?jǐn)?shù)：42.60）

A.Itisobviouslyamentalprocess.

B.ltismoreofaphysicalprocessthanamentalaction.

C.ltisaprocessthatinvolvesone'sentirebody.

D.ltinvolvesthemusclesaswellasthebrain.V

解析：［聽力原文］

Somepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenot

performedinthebrainalone,butthatone'smusclesalsoparticipate.Itmaybesaid

thatwethinkwithourmusclesinsomewhatthesamewayaswelistentomusicwith

ourbodies.

Yousurelyarenotsurprisedtobetoldthatyouusuallylistentomusicnot

onlywithyourearsbutwithyourwholebody.Fewpeoplecanlistentomusicthatis

moreorlessfamiliarwithoutmovingtheirbodyormorespecifically,somepartof

theirbody.Oftenwhenonelistenstoaconcertontheradio,heistemptedtodirect

theorchestraeventhoughheknowsthereisacompetentconductoronthejob.

Strangeasthisbehaviormaybe,thereisaverygoodreasonforit.One

cannotderiveallpossibleenjoymentfrommusicunlessheparticipates,sotospeak,

initsperformance.Thelistener"feels"himselfintothemusicwithmoreorless

noticeablemotionsofhisbody.

Themusclesofthebodyactuallyparticipateinthementalprocessofthinking

inthesameway,butthisparticipationislessobviousbecauseitislessnoticeable.

Accordingtothispassage,whatdosomepsychologistsmaintainabout

thinking?

文章首尾句均提到了thinking,muscles,brain的關(guān)系，答案為D。A、B只

是利用原詞胡亂拼湊，干擾性不大；C是聽音樂時(shí)的情況，不要誤選。

PassageTwo（總題數(shù)：4,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Questions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分?jǐn)?shù)：56.80）

A.lbtellcampuspersonnelofthenewlibraryservices.

B.Tdannouncethenewmoviesoncampusthissummer.

C.Tonotifyuniversitypeopleofimportantschedulechanges.J

D.Toremindthestudentstovalidatetheiridentificationcards.

解析：［聽力原文］

Duringthestammersessiontherewillbearevisedscheduleofservicesfor

theuniversitycommunity.Specificchangesforintercampusbusservices,summer

hoursforthecafeteriaandrecreationalandathleticfacilitieswillbepostedonthe

bulletinboardoutsidethecafeteria.Weeklymovieandconcertscheduleswhichare

intheprocessofbeingarrangedwillbepostedeachWednesdayoutsidethe

cafeteria.

Intercampusbuseswillleavethemainhalleveryhouronthehafthourand

makealloftheregularstopsontheirroutearoundcampus.Thecafeteriawillserve

breakfast,lunch,andearlydinnerfrom7a.m.to7p.m.duringtheweekandfrom

noonto7p.m.onweekends.Thelibrary,willmaintainregularhoursduringtheweek,

butshorterhoursonSaturdaysandSundays.Theweekendhoursarefromnoonto7

p.m.

Allstudentswhowanttousethelibraryborrowingservicesandrecreational

athletic,andentertainmentfacilitiesmusthaveavalidsummeridentificationcard.

Thisannouncementwillalsoappearinthenextissueofthestudentnewspaper.

Whichofthefollowingisthemainpurposeofthisannouncement?

四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均以To開頭表示目的。開頭句就交待了主題，其中的核心詞是

revisedschedule,C中的change是文中revise的同義詞，答案為Co

PassageThree（總題數(shù)：3,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Questions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分?jǐn)?shù)：42.60）

A.TDmakeChinesecompaniesmorecompetitive.

B.ToimprovethecompetitivenessofEuropeancompaniesinChina.

C.ToimproveSino-EUfriendship.

D.TomakeSino-EUjointventuresmorecompetitive.J

解析：［聽力原文］

ThenationwideEU-ChinaTrainingProjectforClericalStaffrecentlystartedin

BeijingfollowingthelaunchofapilotingprograminWuhan,HubeiProvince.

TheprojectisdesignedtoimprovethecompetitivenessofSino-EUjoint

ventures.Anyenterpriseinanyregionwillbeabletodiscusstrainingrequestswith

foreignexpertsandjointlydevisetrainingprograms.HelpedbyEuropeanand

Chineseexpertstheprojectwillnotonlytrainclericalstaff,butalsobenefitthe

ChineseeducationsystembyemployingthelatestEuropeantrainingmethods.Most

oftheproject'sserviceswillbefree.

ThepilotingprograminWuhan,fundedwith15millioneurosfromtheEU

CommissionandHubeiProvince,willimprovestaffinSino-EUjointventuresoverthe

nextfiveyears.Another40projectswillgoinotherprovincesandindifferent

companies.

What'sthepurposeoftheproject?

文章先介紹了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，然后說明其目的。文中提到“此項(xiàng)目旨在提高中歐

合資企業(yè)的競爭力”，D表達(dá)的正是此義，故正確。

PartIIIReadingComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

SectionA（總題數(shù)：10,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Whensomeonecommitsacriminalact,wealwayshopethepunishmentwill

matchtheoffense.Butwhenitcomestooneofthecruelestcrimes——animalfighting

—things1workoutthatway.Dog-fightingvictimsare2andkilledfor

profitand"sport,"yettheircriminalabusersoftenreceivea3sentencefor

causingalifetimeofpain.Roughlyhaftofallfederally-convictedanimalfightersonly

getprobation（緩刑）.

Someprogresshasbeenmadeintheprosecution（起訴）ofanimalfighters.

ButfederaljudgesoftenrelyheavilyontheU.S.SentencingGuidelineswhen

they4penalties,andinthecaseofanimalfighting,thoseguidelinesare

outdatedandextremely5.

TheU.S.SentencingCommission,which6thesesentencing

guidelines,isrevisitingthem,proposingtoraisetheminimumsentencefrom6-12to

21-27months.Thisisastepintheright7,butwe'dliketoseetheU.S.

SentencingCommissionmakefurtherchangestotheguidelines.

Alongwiththiseffort,we'reworkingwithanimaladvocatesandstateand

federallawmakersto8anti-crueltylawsacrossthecountry,aswellas

supportinglawsandpoliciesthatassistoverburdenedanimal9thatcarefor

animalfightingvictims.Thishelpis10importantbecausethehighcostof

caringforanimalvictimsisamajorfactorthatpreventspeoplefromgettinginvolved

incrueltycasesinthefirstplace.

A.convenient

B.creates

C.critically

D.determine

E.direction

F.hesitate

G.inadequate

H.inspired

I.method

J.minimal

K.rarely

L.shelters

M.strengthen

N.sufferings

O.tortured（分?jǐn)?shù)：35.50）

1.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：K）

解析：本題的空格位于主句的主語things和謂語動(dòng)詞workout之間，且主

句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故推斷空格處填入副詞，修飾workout。上一句提到，人犯罪時(shí)，

我們希望能量刑而罰。本句的But說明斗獸的情況并非如此。詞庫中的副詞rarely

“很少”含否定意味，能體現(xiàn)原文中所需要的轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯，故選K。critically"重

要地；危急地”跟workout連用，句意不通，可排除。

［參考譯文］有人犯罪時(shí)，我們總希望能量刑而罰。但是當(dāng)涉及一種最殘酷

的罪行一一斗獸時(shí)，情況幾乎就不是這樣了斗犬的受害者因別人為了牟利和''競

技”而被折磨和殺害，但作為罪犯的施虐者，盡管其給受害者造成終生痛苦，卻

通常只是受到一點(diǎn)小小的刑罰。聯(lián)邦定罪的斗獸者中，大約一半人只是被判處緩

刑。

雖然，在起訴斗獸人員的方面已經(jīng)取得了一些進(jìn)步，但聯(lián)邦法官定罪時(shí)通

常極為依賴“美國量刑準(zhǔn)則”而對(duì)于斗獸而言，這些準(zhǔn)則已不合時(shí)宜，并且內(nèi)容

不充分。

制定這些量刑準(zhǔn)則的美國量刑委員會(huì)正重新審視這些量刑，它建議將最低

刑期從6-12個(gè)月增加到21-27個(gè)月。這是往正確方向邁出的一步，但我們期望

美國量刑委員會(huì)能作進(jìn)一步的修訂。

除此以外，我們還與關(guān)愛動(dòng)物人士以及各州和聯(lián)邦的立法者合作，在全國

各地加強(qiáng)反動(dòng)物虐待法。我們也支持能幫助因照顧傷殘動(dòng)物而不堪重負(fù)的動(dòng)物收

容所的法律政策。這種幫助是至關(guān)重要的，因?yàn)檎疹櫠帆F中傷殘的動(dòng)物花費(fèi)高昂，

這是從根本上阻止人們介入動(dòng)物虐待案件的一個(gè)主要因素。

2.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：。）

解析：空格與空格后的killed并列，因此空格處應(yīng)填入過去分詞，且意思

跟killed“殺害”接近，詞庫中的過去分詞只有tortured“折磨”和inspired“激

發(fā)；賦予...靈感”，tortured在意思上更接近killed,且都能被目的狀語forprofit

and“sport”修飾，意為“因利益和‘競技'被折磨和殺害”，故選0,排除inspired。

3.（分?jǐn)?shù):3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：J）

解析：空格位于不定冠詞a和單數(shù)名詞sentence之間，因此空格應(yīng)填入修

飾sentence的定語。由下一句的onlygetprobation”只獲得緩刑”，由此可見量

刑過輕，據(jù)此可鎖定詞庫形容詞中的minimal“最小的”。本題需注意排除

inadequate,修飾sentence意為"不充分的刑罰”語義也說得過去，但前面是不

定冠詞a,不能接inadequate,故排除Go

4.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：D）

解析：空格所在的when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，主句的時(shí)

態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（are）,且該從句主語為they,因此空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形。本句

意為“當(dāng)他們（聯(lián)邦法官們）在一一處罰時(shí)，總是極為依賴‘量刑指南此外，

“量刑指南”顧名思義，是用于確定刑罰的。故詞庫動(dòng)詞中的determine“確定”

符合此處語境，故選D。

5.（分?jǐn)?shù):3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：G）

解析：空格填入的詞跟空格前的形容詞outdated“過時(shí)的”并列，因此空

格處也應(yīng)填入形容詞，且表示“量刑指南”的缺點(diǎn)。詞庫形容詞中，只有inadequate

“不足的”能表示貶義，因此選Goconvenient意為“便利的”，是褒義詞，可

以從詞的感情色彩上排除。

6.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1:（正確答案：B）

解析：空格所在的定語從句中缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，且which是指代先行詞TheU.S.

SentencingCommission“美國量刑委員會(huì)”，故空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單

數(shù)。根據(jù)常識(shí)，''美國量刑委員會(huì)”與“量刑指南”的關(guān)系是前者制訂后者，故

選creates"創(chuàng)建"。

7.（分?jǐn)?shù):3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：E）

解析：空格前為形容詞right,故空格處應(yīng)填入right修飾的名詞。由首段最

后一句“只得到了緩刑”可見作者認(rèn)為對(duì)斗獸者的處罰太輕，而上一句提到刑期

加重了，這是符合作者期望的，故作者認(rèn)為是正確的。再結(jié)合上文的step“一步”，

詞庫名詞中的direction"方向”能與之呼應(yīng)，故選E。本題應(yīng)注意排除method

“方法”，method通常不跟step連用，可排除。

8.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：M）

解析：空格前為to,空格后為名詞短語anti-crueltylaws。有兩種情況：當(dāng)

to為介詞時(shí)，空格應(yīng)填入動(dòng)名詞，當(dāng)to為不定式符號(hào)時(shí)，空格應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形。

詞庫中并無動(dòng)名詞，故判斷此處為不定式，表示與關(guān)愛動(dòng)物人士、各州及聯(lián)邦立

法者合作的目的。animaladvocates"關(guān)愛動(dòng)物人士”對(duì)于反動(dòng)物虐待法當(dāng)然是“支

持的”，詞庫動(dòng)詞中，具有“支持”含義的動(dòng)詞為strengthen"加強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)化”，故

選Mo

9.（分?jǐn)?shù):3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：L）

解析：空格后的that在從句中充當(dāng)主語，that在從句中能充當(dāng)成分的只有

定語從句，故可判斷空格處應(yīng)填入名詞，與animal一起構(gòu)成名詞短語，或填入

形容詞作后置定語修飾animaL根據(jù)空格后的“照顧斗獸中受傷的傷殘動(dòng)物”，

可推斷"animal"是一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)或組織，詞庫名詞中的shelters代入，animal

shelters表示“動(dòng)物收容所”，符合語境要求。

10.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：C）

解析：空格位于is和important之間，因此空格處應(yīng)填入副詞，修飾important。

下文提到“照顧動(dòng)物的高昂成本使人們根本無力介入到動(dòng)物虐待案件中”，故''法

律政策對(duì)不堪重負(fù)的動(dòng)物收容所的幫助”是極其重要的，詞庫中的critically"重

要地”符合要求，故選C。

SectionB（總題數(shù)：10,分?jǐn)?shù)：0,00）

WhenWorkBecomesaGame

A.Whatmotivatesemployeestodotheirjobswell?Competitionwith

coworkers,forsome.Thepromiseofrewards,forothers.Pureenjoymentof

problem-solving,foraluckyfew.

B.Increasingly,companiesaretappingintothesedesiresdirectlythrough

whathascometobeknownas"gamification":essentially,turningworkintoagame.

"Gamificationisaboutunderstandingwhatitisthatmakesgamesengagingandwhat

gamedesignersdotocreateagreatexperienceingames,andtakingthoselearnings

andapplyingthemtoothercontextssuchastheworkplaceandeducation,"explains

KevinWerbach,agamificationexpertwhoteachesattheWhartonSchoolof

BusinessattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaintheUnitedStates.

C.Itmightmeanmonitoringemployeeproductivityonadigitalleaderboard

andofferingprizestothewinners,orgivingemployeesdigitalbadgesorstarsfor

completingcertainactivities.Itcouldalsomeantrainingemployeeshowtodotheir

jobsthroughvideogameplatforms.CompaniesfromGoogletoL'OrealtoIBMto

WellsFargoareknowntousesomedegreeofgamificationintheirworkplaces.And

moreandmorecompaniesarejoiningthem.Arecentreportsuggeststhattheglobal

gamificationmarketwillgrowfrom$1.65billionin2015to$11.1billionby2020.

D.Theconceptofgamificationisnotentirelynew,Werbachsays.Companies,

marketersandteachershavelonglookedforfunwaystoengagepeople's

reward-seekingorcompetitivespirits.CrackerJackshasbeen"gamifying"itssnack

foodbyputtingasmallprizeinsideformorethan100years,headds,andthe

turn-of-the-centurysteelmagnate（巨頭）CharlesSchwabissaidtohaveoftencome

intohisfactoryandwrittenthenumberoftonsofsteelproducedonthepastshifton

thefactoryfloor;thusmotivatingthenextshiftofworkerstobeatthepreviousone.

E.Buttheword"gamification"andthewidespread,consciousapplicationof

theconceptonlybeganinearnestaboutfiveyearsago,Werbachsays.Thanksinpart

tovideogames,thegenerationnowenteringtheworkforceisespeciallyopentothe

ideaofhavingtheirworkgamified."Weareatapointwhereinmuchofthe

developedworldthevastmajorityofyoungpeoplegrewupplayingvideogames,

andanincreasinglyhighpercentageofadultsplaythesevideogamestoo,"Werbach

says.

F.Anumberofcompanieshavesprungup一GamEffective,Bunchballand

Badgeville,tonameafew-inrecentyearsofferinggamificationplatformsfor

businesses.Theplatformsthataremosteffectiveturnemployees'ordinaryjobtasks

intopartofarichadventurenarrative."Whatmakesagamegame-likeisthatthe

playeractuallycaresabouttheoutcome,"Werbachsays."Theprincipleisabout

understandingwhatismotivatingtothisgroupofplayers,whichrequiressome

understandingofpsychology."

G.Somepeople,Werbachsays,aremotivatedbycompetition.Salespeople

oftenfallintothiscategory.Forthem,therightkindofgamificationmightbeturning

theirsalespitchesintoacompetitionwithotherteammembers,completewitha

digitalleaderboardshowingwhoiswinningatalltimes.Othersaremoremotivated

bycollaborationandsocialexperiences.OnecompanyWerbachhasstudieduses

gamificationtocreateasenseofcommunityandboostemployees'morale（士氣）.

Whenemployeeslogintotheircomputers,they'reshownapictureofoneoftheir

coworkersandaskedtoguessthatperson'sname.

H.Gamificationdoesnothavetobedigital.MonicaCornettirunsacompany

thatgamifiesemployeetrainings.Sometimesthisinvolvestechnology,butoftenit

doesnot.Sherecentlydesignedagamificationstrategyforasalestrainingcompany

withastorm-chasingtheme.Employeesformed"stormchaserteams"andcompeted

instorm-themededucationalexercisestoearnvariousrewards."Rewardsdonot

havetobestuff,"Cornettisays."Rewardscanbeflexibleworkinghours."Another

training,thisoneforpayrolllaw,usedaSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfstheme.

"SnowWhite"isavailableforeveryonetouse,butthe"dwarfs"arestillunder

copyright,soCornettiinventedsound-alikecharacters（GrumpyGus,DopeyDan）to

illustratespecificpayrolllawprinciples.

I.Somepeopledonottakenaturallytogamifiedworkenvironments,

Cornettisays.Inherexperience,peopleinpositionsofpowerorpeopleinfinanceor

engineeringdonottendtolikethesoundoftheword."Ifwe'redesigningfor

engineers,I'mnottalkingabouta'game'atall,"Cornettisays."I'mtalkingabouta

'simulation'（模擬），I'mtalkingabout'beingabletosolvetiffsproblem."'

J.GamificationisHnotamagicbullet,"Werbachwarns.Agamification

strategythatisnotsufficientlythoughtthroughorwelltailoredtoitsplayersmay

engagepeopleforalittlewhile,butitwillnotmotivatepeopleinthelongterm.It

canalsobeexploitative,especiallywhenusedwithvulnerablepopulations.For

workers,especiallylow-paidworkers,whodesperatelyneedtheirjobsyetknowthey

canbeeasilyreplaced,gamificationmayfeelmoreliketheHungerGames.Werbach

givestheexampleofseveralDisneylandhotelsinAnaheim,California,whichused

largedigitalleaderboardstodisplayhowefficientlylaundryworkerswereworking

comparedtooneanother.Someemployeesfoundtheboardmotivating.Toothers,it

wastheoppositeoffun.Somebegantostoptakingbathroombreaks,worriedthatif

theirproductivityfelltheywouldbefired.Pregnantemployeesstruggledtokeepup.

InaLosAngelesTimesarticle,oneemployeereferredtotheboardasa"digital

whip.11"Itactuallyhadaverynegativeeffectonmoraleandperformance,"Werbach

says.

K.Still,gamificationonlystandstobecomemorepopular,hesays,"asmore

andmorepeoplecomeintotheworkforcewhoarefamiliarwiththestructuresand

expressionsofdigitalgames."nWearefarfromreachingthepeak,"Cornettiagrees.

"There'snoreasonthiswillgoaway."（分?jǐn)?shù):71.00）

1.Somefamouscompaniesarealreadyusinggamificationandmorearetrying

todothesame.（分?jǐn)?shù)：7.10）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：C）

解析：有些知名公司已采用游戲化策略，往后更多公司也將嘗試這么做。

本題與公司對(duì)游戲化的應(yīng)用有關(guān)，故將定位鎖定在B、C兩段。根據(jù)Some

famouscompanies可查找至IJC段第3、4句。第3句提到，目前已經(jīng)用上游