華東師大研究生綜合班英語翻譯

Unit5:<DownandOutinParisandLondon>巴黎、倫敦落魄記Youdiscovertheextremeprecariousnessofyoursixfrancsaday.Meandisastershappenandrobyouoffood.Youhavespentyourlasteightycentimesonhalfalitreofmilk,andareboilingitoverthespiritlamp.Whileitboilsabugrunsdownyourforearm;yougivethebugaflickwithyournail,anditfalls,plop!straightintothemilk.Thereisnothingforitbuttothrowthemilkawayandgofoodless.你發(fā)現(xiàn)每天的六法郎根本沒有保障。一些意想不到(惡劣)的災(zāi)難就會(huì)掠奪你的一日三餐。你花最后的八十生丁買了半升牛奶，然后在酒精燈上把它煮沸。煮牛奶時(shí)，一只臭蟲跳到你的前臂上；你用指甲彈開臭蟲，撲通一聲，它掉進(jìn)了牛奶。你無可奈何，只好把牛奶倒了，這樣又得繼續(xù)餓著肚子。Yougotothebaker’stobuyapoundofbread,andyouwaitwhilethegirlcutsapoundforanothercustomer.Sheisclumsy,andcutsmorethanapound.“Pardon,monsieur,〞shesays,“Isupposeyoudon’tmindpayingtwosousextra?〞Breadisafrancapound,andyouhaveexactlyafranc.Whenyouthinkthatyoumightbeaskedtopaytwosousextra,andwouldhavetoconfessthatyoucouldnot,youboltinpanic.Itishoursbeforeyoudareventureintoabaker’sshopagain.你去面包房買一磅面包，面包房里的姑娘為另外一個(gè)顧客切面包時(shí)，你在一旁等著。她笨手笨腳，切了一磅多?！皩?duì)不起，先生，〞她說，“我相信你不會(huì)介意多付兩蘇吧。〞一法郎一磅面包，你恰好只有一法郎。你覺得她有可能會(huì)讓你額外付兩蘇，你不得不成認(rèn)你付不起，所以只能落荒而逃。你作了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的思想斗爭(zhēng)才敢再次冒險(xiǎn)走進(jìn)面包房。Yougotothegreengrocer’stospendafranconakilogramofpotatoes.ButoneofthepiecesthatmakeupthefrancisaBelgianpiece,andtheshopmanrefusesit.Youslinkoutoftheshop,andcannevergothereagain.你來到蔬菜店，想花一法郎買一公斤土豆。但湊夠一法郎的硬幣中有一枚是比利時(shí)硬幣，店主拒收。你灰溜溜地分開蔬菜店，再也不敢光臨那里。Youhavestrayedintoarespectablequarter,andyouseeaprosperousfriendcoming.Toavoidhimyoudodgeintothenearestcafé.Onceinthecaféyoumustbuysomething,soyouspendyourlastfiftycentimesonaglassofblackcoffeewithadeadflyinit.Onecouldmultiplythesedisastersbythehundred.Theyarepartoftheprocessofbeinghardup.你誤入了一個(gè)體面的街區(qū)，看到一個(gè)有錢的朋友走過來，為防止與他碰面，你躲進(jìn)了最近的一家咖啡廳。一旦進(jìn)了咖啡廳，你就必須買點(diǎn)什么，因此你花去最后五十生丁買了一杯黑咖啡，但里面還有一只死蒼蠅。這些不幸數(shù)以百計(jì)地增加。它們是經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)過程中的一部分。Youdiscoverwhatitisliketobehungry.Withbreadandmargarineinyourbelly,yougooutandlookintotheshopwindows.Everywherethereisfoodinsultingyouinhugewastefulpiles;wholedeadpigs,basketsofhotloaves,greatyellowblocksofbutter,stringsofsausages,mountainsofpotatoes,vastGruyerecheeseslikegrindstones.Asnivelingself-pitycomesoveryouatthesightofsomuchfood.Youplantograbaloafandrun,swallowingitbeforetheycatchyou;andyourefrain,frompurefunk.你體會(huì)到饑餓是什么感覺了。你真想把面包和黃油吃個(gè)夠，于是走出住處，透過商店櫥窗往里看。商店里大堆奢靡的食物對(duì)你是種欺侮；整頭整頭的死豬，成籃子的熱長(zhǎng)條面包，大塊的黃色牛油，成串的香腸，堆積如山的土豆，狀如磨刀石的巨型瑞士格里爾干奶酪。一看到這么多的食物你就覺得極度自憐。你想抓一條面包就跑，在他們抓住你之前吃掉；只是因?yàn)榍优?，你還是抑制住了。Youdiscovertheboredomwhichisinseparablefrompoverty;thetimeswhenyouhavenothingtodoand,beingunderfed,caninterestyourselfinnothing.Forhalfadayatatimeyoulieonyourbed,feelinglikethejeunesqueletteinBaudelaire’spoem.Onlyfoodcouldrouseyou.Youdiscoverthatamanwhohasgoneevenaweekonbreadandmargarineisnotamananylonger,onlyabellywithafewaccessoryorgans.你發(fā)現(xiàn)貧困與無聊如影隨形；很多時(shí)候，你無所事事，因?yàn)槌圆伙?，你?duì)一切都提不起精神。一睡就是半天，感覺像波德萊爾詩中的年輕的骷髏〔jeunesquelette〕。只有食物可以使你振奮精神。你發(fā)現(xiàn)，假設(shè)一個(gè)人僅靠面包和黃油度日，即使一周，也不再有人樣了，僅僅是長(zhǎng)有幾個(gè)附屬器官的胃而己。This---onecoulddescribeitfurther,butitisallinthesamestyle---islifeonsixfrancsaday.ThousandsofpeopleinParisliveit---strugglingartistsandstudents,prostituteswhentheirluckisout,out-of-workpeopleofallkinds.Itisthesuburbs,asitwere,ofpoverty.這——人們可以進(jìn)一步描繪，但風(fēng)格都一樣——就是一天六法郎的生活。巴黎有成千上萬的人過這種生活——奮斗著的藝術(shù)家、學(xué)生，時(shí)運(yùn)不濟(jì)的妓女，和各種失業(yè)人員。他們仿佛都處于貧困的邊緣。<How

to

write

a

winning

resume>

如何寫一份成功的簡(jiǎn)歷

The

main

purpose

of

a

resume

is

to

convince

an

employer

to

grant

you

an

interview.

There

are

two

kinds.

One

is

the

familiar

“tombstone〞

that

lists

where

you

went

to

school

and

where

you?ve

worked

in

chronological

order.

The

other

is

what

I

call

the

“functional〞

resume---

descriptive,

fun

to

read,

unique

to

you

and

much

more

likely

to

land

you

an

interview.

簡(jiǎn)歷的主要目的是如何說服雇主給你一次面試時(shí)機(jī)。這有兩種形式。一個(gè)是大家熟悉的“墓碑〞式，以時(shí)間順序列出你在哪里上學(xué)和你曾在哪里工作。另一種就是我稱之為實(shí)用型簡(jiǎn)歷——一種描繪式的，讓人樂于去讀，讓你看起來獨(dú)一無二，同時(shí)極有可能會(huì)使你成功獲得一次面試時(shí)機(jī)。

It?s

handy

to

have

a

“tomb-stone〞

for

certain

occasions.

But

prospective

employers

throw

away

most

of

those

un-requested

“tombstone〞

lists,

preferring

to

interview

the

quick

rather

than

the

dead.

在某些場(chǎng)合可能“墓碑〞式簡(jiǎn)歷更簡(jiǎn)便。但潛在的雇主們會(huì)扔掉大部不愿回復(fù)的“墓碑〞式簡(jiǎn)歷，他們更愿意去面試那些靈敏而非死板的人。

What

follows

are

tips

on

writing

a

functional

resume

that

will

get

read---

a

resume

that

makes

you

come

alive

and

look

interesting

to

employers.

下面是一些如何寫一份可能被閱讀的功能型簡(jiǎn)歷的建議，它將使你的形象躍然紙上，并讓雇主對(duì)你產(chǎn)生興趣。

Put

yourself

first:

In

order

to

write

a

resume

others

will

read

with

enthusiasm,

you

have

to

feel

important

about

yourself.

首先要重視自己：為了寫一份別人都有興致閱讀的簡(jiǎn)歷，你必需要認(rèn)為你自己是很重要的。

[D]:

A

woman

once

told

me

about

a

cash-flow

crisis

her

employer

had

faced.

She?d

agreed

to

work

without

pay

for

three

months

until

business

improved.

Her

reward

was

her

back

pay

plus

a

20

per

cent

bonus.

I

asked

her

why

that

marvelous

story

wasn?t

in

her

resume.

She

answered,

“It

wasn?t

important.〞

What

she

was

really

saying

of

course

was

“

I?m

not

important.〞

一個(gè)女人曾告訴我她的雇主曾面臨一個(gè)資金周轉(zhuǎn)危機(jī)。她容許無償工作三個(gè)月直至經(jīng)營(yíng)狀況改善。而她之后得到的報(bào)酬追加了20%的獎(jiǎng)金。我問她為什么這個(gè)了不起的傳奇般的故事沒有出如今她的簡(jiǎn)歷里。她答復(fù)說：“這并不重要。〞她真正想說的當(dāng)然就是：“我是不重要的。〞

Sell

what

you

can

do,

not

who

you

are:

Practice

translating

your

personality

traits,

character,

accomplishments

and

achievements

into

skill

areas.

There

are

at

least

five

thousand

skill

areas

in

the

world

of

work.

推銷你可以做什么，而不是你是誰：試著將你的個(gè)性特質(zhì)，性格，成果和成就融入進(jìn)工作領(lǐng)域。在職場(chǎng)中至少有5000種技能領(lǐng)域。

[C]:

For

example,

if

you

have

a

flair

for

saving,

managing

and

investing

money,you

have

money

management

skills.

例如，你有一種儲(chǔ)蓄，管理和投資的天賦，那么你就擁有理財(cái)?shù)募寄堋?/p>

Toot

your

own

horn!

Many

people

clutch

when

asked

to

think

about

their

abilities.

Some

think

they

have

none

at

all!

But

everyone

does,

and

one

of

yours

may

just

be

the

ticket

an

employer

would

be

glad

to

punch---if

only

you

show

it.

自吹自擂！很多人在被問及他們有什么才能時(shí)都抓住了時(shí)機(jī)。但也有一些人認(rèn)為他們一無所有。其實(shí)每個(gè)人都有很多才能，同樣，只要你展示了你才能中的一項(xiàng)，就可能獲得為雇主效力的入場(chǎng)券。

[A]:

A

woman

who

lost

her

job

as

a

teacher?s

aide

due

to

a

cutback

in

government

funding

wrote:〞

Principal

of

elementary

school

cited

me

as

the

only

teacher?s

aide

she

would

rehire

if

government

funds

became

available.〞

一個(gè)女士由于政府資金削減失去了她作為一名教師助手的工作，她在簡(jiǎn)歷中寫到：“小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)賦予我唯一的教師助手的稱號(hào)，假設(shè)政府資金到位，我將還會(huì)被重新雇傭。〞

Be

specific,

be

concrete,

and

be

brief!

讓簡(jiǎn)歷特殊，明確，簡(jiǎn)潔！

Turn

bad

news

into

good:

Everybody

has

had

disappointments

in

work.

If

you

have

to

mention

yours,

look

for

the

positive

side.

把不好的消息轉(zhuǎn)換成好的消息：每個(gè)人都會(huì)在工作中有不盡人意之處。假設(shè)你必須提及你這方面的消息，就找其中積極的方面。

[B]:

One

resume

I

received

included

the

following:

?Invited

by

my

superior

to

straighten

out

our

organisation?s

accounts

receivable.

Set

up

orderly

repayment

schedule

reconciled

accounts

weekly,

and

improved

cash

flow

100

per

cent.

Rewarded

with

raise

and

promotion.

我曾收到一份簡(jiǎn)歷，其內(nèi)容有：我的上級(jí)曾要求我整頓公司的應(yīng)收帳款。我每周都結(jié)合帳目建立有序的歸還時(shí)間表，百分之百改善了現(xiàn)金流。我也因此獲得加薪和晉升。

Notice

how

this

woman

focuses

on

results,

specifies

how

she

accomplished

them,

and

mentions

her

reward---all

in

34

words.

讓我們來看一下這位女士是如何呈現(xiàn)其成果的，特別是她如何做到這些的，并且是如何提及她所獲的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的，所有這些只用了34個(gè)詞。

Never

apologize:

If

you?re

returning

to

the

work

force

after

fifteen

years

as

a

parent,

simply

write

a

short

paragraph

(summary

of

background)

in

place

of

a

chronology

of

experience.

Don?t

apologize

for

working

at

being

a

mother:

it?s

the

hardest

job

of

all.

If

you

have

no

special

training

or

higher

education,

just

don?t

mention

education.

永遠(yuǎn)不要抱歉：假設(shè)你在為人父母十五年后準(zhǔn)備重返工作，只需在經(jīng)歷年表中寫上一小段背景摘要。不要因?yàn)槭悄赣H而去抱歉，而在所有工作中母親一職是最難的。假設(shè)你沒有經(jīng)過專門培訓(xùn)或是擁有高學(xué)，那就不要提到教育經(jīng)歷。

How

to

psych

yourself

up:

The

secret

is

to

think

about

the

self

before

you

start

writing

about

yourself.

Take

four

or

five

hours

off,

not

necessarily

consecutive,

and

simply

write

down

every

accomplishment

in

your

life,

on

or

off

the

job,

that

made

you

feel

effective.

Don?t

worry

at

first

about

what

it

all

means.

Study

the

list

and

try

to

spot

patterns.

As

you

study

your

list,

you

will

come

closer

to

the

meaning:

identifying

your

marketable

skills.

Once

you

discover

patterns,

give

names

to

your

cluster

of

accomplishments

(leadership

skills,

budget

management

skills,

child

development

skills

etc.)

Try

to

list

at

least

three

accomplishments

under

the

same

skills

heading.

Now

start

writing

your

resume

as

if

you

mattered.

It

may

take

four

drafts

or

more,

and

several

weeks

before

you?re

ready

to

show

it

to

a

stranger

(friends

are

usually

too

kind)

for

a

reaction.

When

you?re

satisfied,

send

it

to

a

printer:

a

printed

resume

is

far

superior

to

photocopies.

It

shows

an

employer

that

you

regard

job

hunting

as

serious

work,

worth

doing

right.

怎樣做好心理準(zhǔn)備：秘訣就是在你寫簡(jiǎn)歷之前就要對(duì)自我進(jìn)展考慮。騰出四五個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間，但不一定是連續(xù)的時(shí)間，把你這一生中在職或離任后所有的可以讓你感覺印象深化的的成就寫出來。不要在一開始就擔(dān)憂這意味著什么。研究這份清單，并試著歸類。在你研究你的成就表時(shí)，你會(huì)更趨近于它的內(nèi)涵：確認(rèn)你有什么技能符合市場(chǎng)需求。一旦你整理出類別，給每一類成就命一個(gè)名字，如：指導(dǎo)技能，預(yù)算管理技能，少兒開展培訓(xùn)技能等。試著在同一技能標(biāo)題以下出三項(xiàng)以上的成就。假設(shè)你認(rèn)為事關(guān)緊要，那就開始寫你的簡(jiǎn)歷。它可能在你準(zhǔn)備把它展示給一個(gè)陌生人〔因?yàn)榕笥芽偸翘焉?，不?huì)去指出你的缺陷〕以期得到相關(guān)指正前，要經(jīng)歷至少四稿修改并花費(fèi)幾周時(shí)間來完成。當(dāng)你對(duì)它比較滿意時(shí)，把它打印出來。因?yàn)橐环荽蛴〉暮?jiǎn)歷要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于一份復(fù)印件。它向雇主反映了你視求職為一個(gè)很重要的事，值得去這樣做。

Isn?t

that

the

kind

of

person

you?d

want

working

for

you?

這難道不是那種你希望為你工作的人嗎？She’swellknowninthelocalglassmerchants.“Ohyouain’tbeendoneagain,’aveyou?〞theycry,asFelWatkinswalksin,becauseintrudershavebrokenintoherClaphamflatseventimesinthespaceof16months.她在當(dāng)?shù)氐牟Ａ倘四呛苡忻芭?，你是不是又被偷了？是么？〞?dāng)費(fèi)沃特斯金走過來時(shí)他們都哭泣，因?yàn)檫@已經(jīng)是十六個(gè)月以來第七次有盜竊者光臨她在克拉彭的公寓了。Duringthisperiod,onlyoneoftheother21flatsinherblockhasbeenburgled;andthepreviousoccupantofherflatlivedtherefor40years,withoutbeingburgledonce.在這段期間，她住的小區(qū)其他21家住戶只有一家曾經(jīng)被盜。并且她住的房子之前的主人在這住了四十年從來沒被偷過。Shehasrealisedtheplaceiseverythingtheburglarslove.It’sonthegroundfloor,setbackfromtheroad,withagoodscreenoftreesandbushes,andplentyofeasyexitsoverwallstocommonlandandtotherailwayline.她已經(jīng)意識(shí)到她住的地方只要是盜賊都會(huì)惦記。住在一樓，遠(yuǎn)離馬路，被樹和灌木遮擋著，翻過墻很容易到公共地方和鐵道路。Shedecidedtotreattheexperienceasalesson.Togetthecrimepreventionofficerroundandcarryouttheimprovementstosecuritywhichhesuggested.她決定將這些當(dāng)做一次教訓(xùn)，請(qǐng)教預(yù)防犯罪官員并且按照他的建議進(jìn)展改善?！皌hatwasmybiggest.〞Shesaid.“Ihadagirl-friendlivinghereandbetweenuswelosteverybitofjewellerywehadandthreewatchescamerasandacassetteplayer.〞“那是我最大的一次損失〞她說“當(dāng)時(shí)我有個(gè)女性朋友也住在這邊，我們倆丟了我們所有的珠寶三臺(tái)相機(jī)和一個(gè)磁帶播放器。〞“Therewasaphonecallathalfpast11atnight.Itwasmyneighbourwhosaid.There’ssomethingfunnygoingoninyourflatandallthelightsareonIwasreallyupsetthistime.IfeltsohelplessIjustburstintotears.ThatwasthefirsttimeI’dcriedaboutitall.〞又一次我的鄰居在夜里十一點(diǎn)半打給我。他和我說“有點(diǎn)奇怪，你家里的燈都開了。這次我真的很傷心，我無助地哭了。那是我第一次為這件事哭。AtthispointshewrotetoherMP,sayingthatsheknewwhatshewasdoingtryingtokeepthesepeopleoutofherhomeandthatshe’dliketoknowwhathewasdoing.Hewroteback,blamingunemployment,whichFelsaysshe“sortofbelieves〞.她寫信給國會(huì)議員說了這些發(fā)生在身上的盜竊事情，她寫道她知道她已經(jīng)盡了自己最大努力將這些盜賊趕走，她想知道議員為此干什么。這位議員為他回信，將這些歸結(jié)到失業(yè)上。費(fèi)說她只部分相信這些理由。Afterthefourthbreak-in,thepoliceattheirownexpenseconnectedanalarm,whichwouldringatthepolicestationbutnotintheflat.在第四次失竊后，警察自己掏腰包在她家安裝了報(bào)警系統(tǒng)，但是只在警察局里面響并不在家里。ThecrimepreventionofficershadtoldFelthattherewasnoproblemwiththesmallwindowabovethekitchendoorasitwaslessthannineinchesacross.Butthreeboysmanagedtosqueezethrough.Thepolicesawthembuttheyranoffdowntherailwayline.預(yù)防犯罪的官員告訴他廚房門上的小窗戶沒多大隱患，因?yàn)樗€不到九英尺。但是還是有三個(gè)男孩設(shè)法鉆了過來。警觀察見他們了，但是他們從鐵路上逃走了?！癆lthoughnothingwastaken,theyturnedtheplaceupsidedown,whichhappenedineachcaseexceptthesixthandseventh.〞saidFel.Thesixthtimeanattemptwasmadethepolicechargedaman.雖然沒什么東西掉了，但是除了第六次和第七次盜賊們都是把房間翻得底朝天。在第六次警察試圖起訴一名男子。Felwasaskedbythepoliceifanyoneboreheragrudge.“IhadthefeelingthateveryonethatinClaphamwascheckingmeout.〞shesaid.“Butthe