人教版（2019）選擇性必修 第二冊(cè)Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land知識(shí)點(diǎn)導(dǎo)學(xué)案

選修二unit4知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總講義一、英譯漢1.airlinen.2.bayn.3.craftn.4.antiquen.adj.5.literallyadv.6.awesomeadj.7.spectacularadj.n.8.peakn.9.highlightn.vt.10.malln.11.grizzlybearn.12.anticipatevt.13.durationn.14.alongsideprep.adv.15.steeln.16.toastn.vt.vi.17.goatn.二、漢譯英1_____vi.&vt.(使)加入；注冊(cè)；登記2.____n.習(xí)語(yǔ)；成語(yǔ)3.____adj.相反的；相對(duì)立的n.相反的事實(shí)(或事情)4.__vi.&vt.鉆(孔)；打(眼)n．鉆(頭)；訓(xùn)練；演習(xí)5.__n．束；串；捆6.__vi.打雷；轟隆隆地響；轟隆隆地快速移動(dòng)n．雷聲；轟隆聲7.____n．窗簾9.__n．(海)港；港口10.n.霜；嚴(yán)寒天氣；霜凍vt.使蒙上霜vi.結(jié)霜11.vi.起身；出現(xiàn)；由……引起12.adj.準(zhǔn)備前往(某地)；一定會(huì)13.n．風(fēng)景；景色14.adv.不過(guò)；反正15.vi.行進(jìn)；繼續(xù)做16.n.岸；濱17.n.黃昏；傍晚18.n.口音三、派生詞匯1.breathn．呼吸的空氣→adj.氣喘吁吁的→v．呼吸2.massn．團(tuán)；堆；許多；大量→adj.巨大的；非常嚴(yán)重的3.freezevi.&vt.(froze，frozen)結(jié)冰；(使)凍住→adj.極冷的；冰凍的→adj.結(jié)冰的；凍僵的；冷凍的4.astonishvt.使十分驚訝；使吃驚→n．吃驚，驚訝→adj.驚訝的→adj.令人驚訝的5.mistn．薄霧；水汽→adj.多霧的；模糊的6.advertisev．做廣告；登廣告；宣傳→n．廣告；啟事→n．廣告商7.photographn．照片vt.給……照相→n．?dāng)z影師；拍照者→n．?dāng)z影；攝影術(shù)8.pleasantadj.令人愉快的；友好的→n．愉快；開心→adj.高興的；滿意四重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. 一束；一串；一群；大量2. 相反的；相對(duì)立的3.令人驚嘆4. 極冷的；凍僵的5. 進(jìn)而做(參加)6.. 欠(某人人情)；把……歸功于某人7. 相比之下8. 上升；增加9. 站在遠(yuǎn)處10. 去鬧市區(qū)11.inadditionto_____________12.behometo______________13.beimpressedby_____________14.beuniqueto________________15.beboundto________________16.payattentionto_____________17.befascinatedby_____________18.translate…….into_____________19.lateron_____________________20.becloseto__________________21.owe……to___________________22.setoff______________________23.note…..down________________24.dressup______________________25.comeacross___________________26.besuitablefor_________________五、知識(shí)詳解1.arisevi.起身;出現(xiàn);由……引起知識(shí)延伸________________________由……引起;因……產(chǎn)生arisefromone’sseat_____________________詞義辨析單詞詞義過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞arise不及物動(dòng)詞;起身;出現(xiàn);由……引起arose/arisenrise不及物動(dòng)詞;raise及物動(dòng)詞;選詞填空rise,arise,raise(1)Themeetingwilldiscussthemattersfromtherecentchangesinthelaw.

(2)Thesunintheeastandsetsinthewest.

(3)MoreTVprogramswillbeproducedpeople’sconcernoverfoodsafety.

(4)Whendifficulties,youcanturntomeforhelp.

(5)Don’tworry.Wearewellpreparedtodealwithalltheproblemsthatmay.

(6)他意識(shí)到他的大部分錯(cuò)誤都源于考試時(shí)的緊張。Herecognizedthatmostofhismistakeshisnervousnessintheexam.

2.breathn.呼吸的空氣知識(shí)延伸(1)takesb’sbreathaway______________________________________屏住呼吸___________________喘不上氣takeadeepbreath___________________badbreath___________________(2)breathev.呼吸breathein______________________________________呼出breatheasighofrelief長(zhǎng)舒一口氣(3)breathtakingadj.令人驚嘆的知識(shí)運(yùn)用heldourbreath,outofbreath,tookourbreathaway,tookadeepbreath(1)Hewentafterrunningforhalfanhour.

(2)WewhenMrEvansreadtheexamresults.

(3)Asthemusicbegan,Iandtriedtocalmdown.

(4)Whenwereachedthetopofthemountain,thebeautyofthescenery.

3.boundadj.準(zhǔn)備前往(某地);一定會(huì)知識(shí)延伸northbound/southbound/eastbound/westbound向北/向南/向東/向西行進(jìn)的___________________準(zhǔn)備前往homewardbound返家途中___________________一定會(huì)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(1)You’vedonesomuchwork;you’rebound(pass)theexam.

(2)飛往地震災(zāi)區(qū)的飛機(jī)裝著食物和醫(yī)療用品。Theplanestheearthquakestrickenareacarriedfoodandmedicalsupplies.

4.freezingadj.極冷的;冰凍的知識(shí)延伸(1)above/belowfreezing冰點(diǎn)以上/以下____________________冰點(diǎn)(2)______________adj.冷凍的,凍僵的freezev.結(jié)冰befrozenwithfear被嚇呆了知識(shí)運(yùn)用(1)Itisknowntoallthatwaterat0℃.

(2)It’scoldoutside,soyou’dbetterputonmoreclothes.

(3)Thesnakewasontheroad.

5.anticipatevt.預(yù)料;預(yù)見;期望(1)_______________________..據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)……__________________________預(yù)計(jì)做某事;期待做某事anticipatesb’sarrival__________________________anticipateachangeinweather_____________________(2)________________n.預(yù)期;預(yù)料;期待,希望happy/eager/excitedanticipation愉快的/殷切的/激動(dòng)的期盼____________________期待知識(shí)運(yùn)用(1)Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthan(anticipate).

(2)Whatisyour(anticipate)salary?

(3)Ididn’tanticipate(have)todothecookingmyself.

(4)In(anticipate)ofbadweathertheytakeplentyofwarmclothes.

(5)人們預(yù)計(jì)明年的利率會(huì)下調(diào)。nextyearinterestrateswillfall.

6.“not...until...”結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型知識(shí)延伸(1)not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)意為“直到……才……”。until后既可以接表示時(shí)間的詞語(yǔ),也可以接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis/was...that/who...”。用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型對(duì)“not...until...”進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),要把notuntil放在一起進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào),且應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)從句,故其結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis/wasnotuntil...that...”。(3)notuntil放在句首時(shí),句子或主句要使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。知識(shí)運(yùn)用(1)Bachdiedin1750,butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturyhismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.

(2)直到將近信的末尾,她才提到了自己的計(jì)劃。

(3)直到我來(lái)到這里,我才意識(shí)到這個(gè)地方不僅以它的美麗而聞名,而且它的天氣也很有名。

7.contraryadj.相反的;相對(duì)立的n.相反的事實(shí)(或事情)知識(shí)延伸____________________________________相反的建議/觀點(diǎn)/論點(diǎn)contrarycurrent_________________contrarywind____________________________________與……相反;違反onthecontrary___________________知識(shí)運(yùn)用(1)他給人的感覺是他在巴黎玩得不開心。相反的是,他玩得很開心。Heseemstobegivingtheimpressionthathedidn’tenjoyhimselfinParis.,hehadawonderfultime.

(2)與很多人想象的相反,鯊魚很少攻擊人類。whatmanypeoplemightassume,sharksseldomattackhumans.

8.proceedvi.行進(jìn);繼續(xù)做知識(shí)延伸proceedwithsth繼續(xù)某事_______________________繼續(xù)做某事_______________________前去……知識(shí)運(yùn)用(1)Travispausedtoconsulthisnotes,thenproceededhisquestions.

(2)Patricksaidhelikedmywork,butthenproceeded(tell)meeverythingwaswrongwithit.

(3)PassengersforMiamiflightshouldproceedGate25.

9.astonishvt.使十分驚訝;使吃驚知識(shí)延伸(1)astonishvt.使驚訝;使驚駭_________________adj.令人驚訝的_________________n.震驚__________________因做某事而感到驚訝__________________.對(duì)……感到吃驚__________________令人驚訝的是(2)與astonish詞性變化形式相似的動(dòng)詞有interest,surprise,excite,bore,amaze,annoy,please,tire,worry,satisfy,amuse等。知識(shí)運(yùn)用(1)Afterbeingofferedtheposition,Iwascompletely(astonish).

(2)Toour,heran1,000metersinsuchanspeed.(astonish)

(3)Wewereastonished(find)thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.

10.owevt.欠(賬、債、情等)知識(shí)延伸__________________=__________________欠某人某物_________________欠(某人情);把……歸功于某人_________________________自己應(yīng)該做某事___________________因?yàn)?由于知識(shí)運(yùn)用(1)(owe)tolackoftime,wecannotdomorethanwhatwehavedone.

(2)他認(rèn)為他的成功是靠運(yùn)氣而不是因?yàn)樽约河心芰?。Hehissuccessmoreluckthantoability.

(3)我真的認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該為你的所作所為向這位男士道歉。Ireallythinkyouforwhatyouhavedone.

【基礎(chǔ)詞匯練】1.Alicewasverygladtofindherinsucha(please)temper.

2.Themountain(peak)arecoveredwithsnowalltheyear.

3.Thisisanautomaticreply,(confirm)thatyoure-mailhasbeenreceived.

4.Itookwhathesaid(literal),buthereallymeantsomethingelse.

5.(see)fromthetopofthehill,theschoollookslikeabiggarden.

6.Whileclimbingupthestairstheoldmanalwaysloseshis(呼吸).

7.Samhastriedtheclimbingbefore,butthestormkepthimfromreachingthe(頂峰).

8.Thechairmanquipped(打趣)thathewouldrathersellhis(航空公司)thanhiscomputersystems.

9.Heusedtoliveinadarkroomwithdirty(窗簾)hanginginfrontofthewindows.

10.Thesameprinciplewasusedinamethodof(drill)inoilfields.

11.Soldiershastemporarilyclosedthe(邊界)betweenthetwocountries.

12.Ifeltanurgetogooutandbuyabig(束)offlowerstofillthelivingroom.

13.Theskyhadcloudedoververyquickly.(雷)andlightningwerepromised(預(yù)示).

14.It'sverycoldtoday;thetemperaturehasdroppedbelow(冰凍的)point.

15.Poorfamilyrelationshipisbound(leave)itsmarkonthechildren.

16.Emotionalormentalproblemscanariseaphysicalcause.

17.Ittookusafewminutestogetour(breathe)backaftertherace.

18.Heboughtextrafoodin(anticipate)ofmorepeoplecomingthanhe’dinvited.

19.Heoutlinedhisplansandthenproceeded(explain)theminmoredetail.

20.He(astonish)toseehowhishometownhadchangedinthepast10years.

21.ItwasnotuntilhetookoffhissunglassesIrecognizedhim.

22.Ifyouwanttosellyourhouseproperty,whynotputan(advertise)inthenewspaper?

23.Evenmoreseriousdifficultiesincludethe(freeze)weatherconditionsandtheheavystorms.

24.Mysisterbecamea(photograph),goingaroundtheworldwithhercamera.

【選詞練】pullback;startout;takeone'sbreathaway;alltheway;wakeup1.Ithecurtainsandsawalargeplaneflyingoutside.

2.Everywheresheturnedshesawsomethingthat.

3.Areyougoingtodeliverlectureshome?

4.Whenweagain,thestreetswerefilledwithpeople.

5.Buteverydaytheygetup,thatoldfearwiththem.

【句型練】1.總的說(shuō)來(lái),那是個(gè)極大的成功。,itwasagreatsuccess.

2.我走到他的辦公室,深吸了一口氣,打開了門。Iwalkedtohisoffice,,andopenedthedoor.

3.當(dāng)參觀紐約時(shí),游客應(yīng)坐船在曼哈頓轉(zhuǎn)一圈。WhenvisitingNewYorkCity,touristsshouldaroundManhattan.

【閱讀練】AItwasarainyday.IhadnodesiretodriveupthewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn'shouse.ButshehadinsistedthatIcometoseesomethingatthepeakofthemountain.SohereIwas,althoughunwillingtomakethetwo-hourjourneythroughmistandrain.Afterlunch,mydaughterrequestedmetodrivehertoBarage.Afteraten-minutedrive,weparkedthecarandgotout.Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.Hugeblackgreenevergreenstoweredoverus.Graduallythepeaceandsilenceoftheplacebegantofillmymind.Thenweturnedacornerandstopped—andIgaspedinamazement.Fromthepeakofthemountaintotheslopesandvalleyswereriversofdaffodils(水仙)infullbloom.Aseaofamazingcolors,waslikeacarpetbeforeus.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedoverandspilledgolddownthemountainside.Atthecenterhungawaterfallofpurplehyacinths.Hereandtherewerebreathtakingtulips.Somanyquestionsfilledmymind.Whocreatedsuchbeauty?Why?How?Asweapproachedhome,wesawasignthatread“AnswerstotheQuestionsIKnowYouAreAsking.”Thefirstanswerwas:“OneWoman—TwoHands,TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain.”Thesecondwas:“OneataTime.”Thethird:“Startedin1958.”Iwassomovedbywhatwehadseen.“Shechangedtheworld,”Isaid,notgettingovertheshock.“Onebulb(球莖)atatime.Shestartedalmost40yearsago.Itwasprobablyjustthebeginningofanidea,butshekeptatit.”“Imagine,”Iadded,“ifIhadavisionandworkedatit,justalittlebiteveryday,whatmightIhaveaccomplished?”Carolynlookedsidewaysatme,smiling.“Starttomorrow,”shesaid,“betteryet,starttoday.”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hyacinths”inParagraph3probablyreferto?A.Akindofflower.B.Famouswaterfalls.C.Mountainsprings.D.Thenameofaplace.2.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromthesign?A.Easiersaidthandone.B.Wellbegun,halfdone.C.Womencanshaketheworld.D.Littlestepsadduptobigsuccess.3.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.AnAmazingTriptoBarageB.AMovingStoryofaMother'sLoveC.ASpecialSignontheWayHomeD.AValuableLessonFromaWoman【語(yǔ)法填空練】LiDaiyuandhercousinLiuQianwenttoCanadatovisittheircousins