《雅思閱讀LOH》課件

ListofheadingIELTSTESTREADING1精選課件題型特點1.題目出現(xiàn)在文章前面2.例子中已選過的段落可刪除3.一個段落只能擁有一個段意4.錯一個段落，容易有連帶性2精選課件解題關鍵第一步找出選項中的關鍵詞（KW）查看講義P113精選課件解題關鍵第二步閱讀文章段落中的首一、二和末句非規(guī)則段落1、轉(zhuǎn)折句型轉(zhuǎn)折關系具有兩層含義：一是前后方向相反，二是轉(zhuǎn)折后面的內(nèi)容重要。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系的詞有以下這些：but/however/yet（表示“但是，然而”）；although/though/eventhough/evenif/while/despite（表示“雖然，盡管，即使”）4精選課件2、定義句型定義句型的標志是“This…is…”，“These…are…”或者“X…is…”。也就是說，這樣的句型所起的作用是對某種事物的高度概括總結(jié)，因此就是主旨所在。3、結(jié)論句型當段落末句出現(xiàn)“thus,hence,therefore,so,consequently”等表示“因此、所以”的關系詞時，表示作者要得出結(jié)論，因此就是主旨所在。5精選課件解題關鍵第三步將文章主題句關鍵詞與heading中的關鍵詞對應同義詞，詞性變化，高頻詞6精選課件真題訓練17精選課件SectionATheproblemofhowhealth-careresourcesshouldbeallocatedorapportioned,sothattheyaredistributedinboththemostjustandmostefficientway,isnotanewone.Everyhealthsysteminaneconomicallydevelopedsocietyisfacedwiththeneedtodecide8精選課件SectionCHowever,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealisationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-careasanecessaryconditionofaproperhumanlife.Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinstitutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.9精選課件SectionDAlthoughthelanguageof‘rights'sometimesleadstoconfusion,bythelate1970sitwasrecognisedinmostsocietiesthatpeoplehavearighttohealth-care(thoughtherehasbeenconsiderableresistanceintheUnitedStatestotheideathatthereisaformalrighttohealth-care).Itisalsoacceptedthatthisrightgeneratesanobligationordutyforthestatetoensurethatadequatehealth-careresourcesareprovidedoutofthepublicpurse.10精選課件SectionEJustatthetimewhenitbecameobviousthathealth-careresourcescouldnotpossiblymeetthedemandsbeingmadeuponthem,peopleweredemandingthattheirfundamentalrighttohealth-carebesatisfiedbythestate.Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtothepresentconcernaboutthedistributionofhealth-careresourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinmostOECDcountries…11精選課件真題訓練212精選課件A

ThefertilelandoftheNiledeltaisbeingerodedalongEgypt'sMediterraneancoastatanastoundingrate,insomepartsestimatedat100metresperyear.Inthepast,landscouredawayfromthecoastlinebythecurrentsoftheMediterraneanSeausedtobereplacedbysedimentbroughtdowntothedeltabytheRiverNile,butthisisnolongerhappening.13精選課件B

Uptonow,peoplehaveblamedthislossofdeltalandonthetwolargedamsatAswaninthesouthoFEgypt,whichholdbackvirtuallyallofthesedimentthatusedtoflowdowntheriver.Beforethedamswerebuilt,theNileflowedFreely,carryinghugequantitiesofsedimentnorthFromAfrica'sinteriortobedepositedontheNiledelta.14精選課件CNow,however,thereturnsouttobemoretothestory.Itappearsthatthesediment-FreewateremergingfromtheAswandamspicksupsiltandsandasiterodestheriverbedandbanksonthe800-kilometretriptoCairo.DanielJeanStanleyoftheSmithsonianInstitutenoticedthatwatersamplestakeninCairo,justbeforetheriverentersthedelta,indicatedthattheriversometimescarriesmorethan850gramsofsedimentpercubicmetreofwater-almosthalfofwhatitcarriedbeforethedamswerebuilt.15精選課件DOncenorthofCairo,mostoftheNilewaterisdivertedintomorethan10,000kilometresofirrigationcanalsandonlyasmallproportionreachestheseadirectlythroughtheriversinthedelta.Thewaterintheirrigationcanalsisstillorveryslow-movingandthuscannotcarrysediment,16精選課件EThefarmsonthedeltaplainsandFishingandaquacultureinthelagoonsaccountformuchofEgypt'sfoodsupply.ButbythetimethesedimenthascometorestintheFieldsandlagoonsitisladenwithmunicipal,industrialandagriculturalwastefromtheCairoregion,whichishometomorethan40millionpeople.'PollutantsarebuildingupfasterandFaster,'17精選課件FAccordingtoSiegel,internationalenvironmentalorganizationarebeginningtopaycloserattentiontotheregion,partlybecauseoftheproblemsoferosionandpollutionoftheNiledelta,butprincipallybecausetheyFeartheimpactthissituationcouldhaveonthewholeMediterraneancoastalecosystem.Buttherearenoeasysolutions.18精選課件真題訓練3：

i.Notalldoctorsarepersuadedii.Choosingthebestoffersiii.Whoisresponsiblefortheincreaseinpromotions?iv.Fightingthedrugcompaniesv.Anexampleofwhatdoctorsexpectfromdrugcompaniesvi.Giftsincludefinancialincentivesvii.Researchshowsthatpromotionworksviii.Thehighcostsofresearchix.Thepositivesideofdrugspromotionx.Whoreallypaysfordoctors’freegifts?19精選課件A:AfewmonthsagoKimSchaefer,salesrepresentativeofamajorglobalpharmaceuticalcompany,walkedintoamedicalcenterinNewYorktobringinformationandfreesamplesofhercompany'slatestproducts.Thatdayshewaslucky-adoctorwasavailabletoseeher.‘ThelastrepofferedmeatriptoFlorida.Whatdoyouhave?'thephysicianasked.Hewasonlyhalfjoking.20精選課件B:WhatwasonofferthatdaywasapairofticketsforaNewYorkmusical.Butonanygivenday,whatSchaefercanofferistypicalfortoday'sdrugsrep-acartrunkfullofpromotionalgiftsandgadgets,abudgetthatcouldbuylunchesanddinnersforasmallcountry,21精選課件C:Sellingpharmaceuticalsisadailyexerciseinethicaljudgement.SalespeoplelikeSchaeferwalkthelinebetweenthecommonpracticeofbuyingaprospect‘stimewithafreemeal,andbribingdoctorstoprescribetheirdrugs.…….Orisittheindustry’sresponsibilitytodecidetheboundaries?22精選課件D:Theexplosioninthesheernumberofsalespeopleinthefield-andtheamountoffundingusedtopromotetheircauses-forcescloseexaminationofthepressures,influencesandrelationshipsbetweendrugrepsanddoctors.Salespeopleprovidemuch-neededinformationandeducationtophysicians.23精選課件E:Butthesalespushrarelystopsintheoffice