主謂一致（教師版）2022屆高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

PAGE12022屆英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精講精練微專(zhuān)題（主謂一致）教師版考點(diǎn)清單一、就遠(yuǎn)一致要點(diǎn)精講：主語(yǔ)后面跟有下列介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)with，alongwith，togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,including,like,but,except，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱(chēng)與數(shù)上應(yīng)與前邊的主語(yǔ)一致。例1：NoonebutJohnandhisteachersknowsthetruthoftheexperiment.例2：Tomaswellastwoofhisfriendswasinvitedtomyforty-ninthbirthdaypartylastFriday.例3：Alice,togetherwithherfriends,waspraisedforhavingwonhonorfortheirschool.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.(2019江蘇改編)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers______________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.2.(2019天津改編)Amy,aswellasherbrothers,_____________(give)awelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.3.(2017天津改編)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,_____________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.【答案與解析】1.hasgiven。inthelastthreemonths常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用；alongwithhisbandmembers是介詞短語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是Themusician。故答案是hasgiven。2.wasgiven。lastweek常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用；aswellasherbrothers表示“也，而且”，謂語(yǔ)與真正的主語(yǔ)Tom保持一致，單數(shù)意義，又是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故答案是wasgiven。3.isregarded。Nowadays常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用；alongwithjoggingandswimming是介詞短語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是cycling，單數(shù)意義，又是被動(dòng)含義。故答案是isregarded?？键c(diǎn)清單二、就近一致要點(diǎn)精講1：并列連詞either…or…,neither…nor…,not…but,notonly…butalso…等連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與最近的主語(yǔ)保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致。例4：Iseitherheoryounottellingthetruth?例5：Notonlyyoubutalsosheistoblameforthetrafficaccident.例6：Neithertheleadernorthefarmersareresponsiblefortheheavylosses.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。4.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents_______(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.5.NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris_______(be)fondofplayingbasketball.6._____(be)eitherheoryoutohosttheTalentShowinourschoolthisyear?【答案與解析】4.is。either…or…表示“或者……或者……”，這里距離謂語(yǔ)最近的主語(yǔ)是oneofyourstudents，單數(shù)意義。betodo表示按計(jì)劃將要發(fā)生，故答案是is。5.are。notonly…butalso…表示“不但……而且……”，這里距離謂語(yǔ)最近的主語(yǔ)是DavidandIris，復(fù)數(shù)意義。故答案是are。6.Is。neither…not…表示“既不……也不……”，本句是一般疑問(wèn)句，因此謂語(yǔ)的一部分移到句首，距離謂語(yǔ)最近主語(yǔ)是he，單數(shù)意義。故答案是Is。要點(diǎn)精講2：Therebe句型及Thefollowing句型語(yǔ)應(yīng)與最近的主語(yǔ)保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致。例7：Thereisapencilandtwodictionariesonthedesk.例8：Therearetwodictionariesandapencilonthedesk.例9：Thefollowingistheinformationaboutplayswhichwillbeonthesedays.

【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。7.Thefollowing_______(be)someotherexamplesforyoutoreferto. 8.There_______(be)millionsofwebsitesontheInternetandthere_______(be)alotofusefulinformationonthewebsites.9.Betweenthetworowsoftrees__________(stand)thenewlybuiltteachingbuilding.【答案與解析】7.are。Thefollowing….屬于倒裝句，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后邊的主語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。本句主語(yǔ)是someotherexamples，故答案是are。8.are;is。Therebe…句型屬于倒裝句，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后邊的主語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。兩句主語(yǔ)分別是millionsofwebsites和alotofusefulinformation，故答案是are;is。9.stands。本句是介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首構(gòu)成倒裝句，真正的主語(yǔ)是thenewlybuiltteachingbuilding，單數(shù)意義。故答案是stands?？键c(diǎn)清單三、意義一致要點(diǎn)精講1：family,class,committee,team,group,crew,audience等集體名詞強(qiáng)調(diào)整體謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)成員謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。例10：Thefootballteamismadeupof23members.例11：Thefootballteamaretakingtheirtrainingcourseontheplayground.例12：Allthecrew

are

onboard

excepttheelectrician.

【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。10.Herfamily_________(be)largerthanmineandherfamily__________(watch)TVnow.11.Afterhearinghisinspiringspeech,theaudience_____________(move)byhisstoryandhiswords.12.Thecommittee_________(make)upof20members,who_________(be)allexpertsinmedicine.【答案與解析】10.is；arewatching。該句意為：他們家庭比我們家大，現(xiàn)在她的家人們正在看電視。第一空f(shuō)amily指整體，單數(shù)；第二空指家庭成員，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故答案是is；arewatching。11.weremoved。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境邏輯應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；這里強(qiáng)調(diào)觀眾們，強(qiáng)調(diào)成員，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故答案是weremoved。12.ismade;are。bemadeupof表示“由……組成”；thecommittee這里強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，單數(shù)意義。第二空是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是20members，復(fù)數(shù)意義，故答案是ismade;are。要點(diǎn)精講2：某些集體名詞如people,police,cattle,oxen謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)。例13：Thepolicearesearchingtheforestfortheeightescapedprisoners.例14：Thecattle

are

rounded

up

intheeveningseveryday.例15：TheChinesepeople

arecharacterized

bymodesty.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。13.Thepolice_____________(search)forthemurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.【答案與解析】13.weresearching。was/weredoing…when…是固定句型，表示“正在做某事這時(shí)發(fā)生另一件意外的事”；police表示警察總稱(chēng)，復(fù)數(shù)意義。故答案是weresearching。要點(diǎn)精講3：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)同形的名詞(sheep,deer,works,means,species,Chinese,Japanese)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)根據(jù)其意義或限定詞決定單、復(fù)數(shù)。例16：This

species

has

nearly

diedout

because

itshabitat

isbeing

destroyed.

例17：Suchachemicalworksistobeclosedbythelocalgovernmentnextyear.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。14.Everypossiblemeans____________(try)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.15.Allpossiblemeans____________(try)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.【答案與解析】14.hasbeentried。means用作名詞，表示“方式；方法”，單復(fù)數(shù)同形。本句中means前邊有限定詞every,單數(shù)意義，故答案是hasbeentried。15.havebeentried。means用作名詞，表示“方式；方法”，單復(fù)數(shù)同形。本句中means前邊有限定詞all,復(fù)數(shù)意義，故答案是havebeentried。要點(diǎn)精講4：the+形容詞（或分詞）主語(yǔ)表示一類(lèi)人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)。這類(lèi)詞有therich,thepoor,thebrave,theinjured,theliving,thewounded等。例18：Thelivingaretryingtheirbesttorescuethosetrappedintheruins.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。16.Theelderly_____________(take)

goodcareofinourcountryatpresent.【答案與解析】16.aretaken。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；atpresent暗示用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；Theelderly相當(dāng)于Theelderlypeople，復(fù)數(shù)意義，故答案是aretaken。要點(diǎn)精講5：名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢(qián)、機(jī)構(gòu)、書(shū)籍等概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。例19：Eighthoursofsleepisenoughforachild.例20：TheUnitedNationswasfoundedonOctober24,1945.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。17.(2017·江蘇改編)ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which___________(be)bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens,statusasaleadingnovelist.18.Threeyears___________(pass)sincetheymetlasttime,andforthem,threeyears_____(be)reallyalongtime.【答案與解析】17.was。GreatExpectations是英國(guó)小說(shuō)家狄更斯的名著《遠(yuǎn)大前程》，表示書(shū)籍、單位等概念應(yīng)視為單數(shù)；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故答案是was。18.haspassed;is。前半句since應(yīng)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用；時(shí)間、距離、金錢(qián)類(lèi)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)；第二空仍是單數(shù)意義，故答案是haspassed;is。考點(diǎn)清單四：語(yǔ)法一致要點(diǎn)精講1：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例21：Whyhewasabsentfromthemeetingyesterdayisbeingquestioned.例22：Planningsofaraheadmakesnosensesomanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Whatweusedtothink_______(be)impossiblenowdoesseempossible.Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts___________(cause)hearinglossinsometeenagers.21.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______________(not,decide)yet.22.Whatweneed_______(be)enoughwater,butwhattheyneed_______(be)houses.【答案與解析】19.was。usedtodo表示“過(guò)去常常會(huì)”，因此謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；同時(shí)從句作主語(yǔ)位于應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故答案是was。20.hascaused。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故答案是hascaused。21.isn’tdecided/hasn’tbeendecided。動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案是isn’tdecided/hasn’tbeendecided。22.is;are。What引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且其解釋作用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與be動(dòng)詞后面名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致，故答案是is;are。要點(diǎn)精講2：分?jǐn)?shù),百分?jǐn)?shù),some,all,most,therest等修飾名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與修飾的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。例23：Mostofhisincomehasbeenspentonbooks.例24：Whatisthepopulationofyourcountry?例25：Seventypercentofthepopulationinthatcountryarestillinpoverty.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third__________(use)regularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.One-thirdofthecountry__________(cover)withtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_______(be)blackpeople.25.40%ofthepopulationinthatcountry________(be)young,andtwothirdsofthem_________(not)knowhowtoreadandwrite.【答案與解析】23.wereused。分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后面中心名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致；這里onethird后面省略了of20notebookcomputers，復(fù)數(shù)意義；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故答案是wereused。24.iscovered;are。分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后面中心名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致，本句分?jǐn)?shù)后面中心名詞是thecountry，單數(shù)意義；becoveredwith是固定詞組；themajorityof…短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，也與中心名詞一致；這里是thecitizens，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故答案是iscovered;are。25.are;don’t。population作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)；若population被百分?jǐn)?shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故答案是are;don’t。要點(diǎn)精講3：and連接并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式；但如果并列主語(yǔ)指同一個(gè)人，同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)的前邊如果分別有each,

every,

或no修飾時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。例26：Acartandhorsewasseeninthedirectionofthetown.例27：Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasmadethesamemistakeinthemathexam.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。26.Apoetandartist_______(be)comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteraturethisafternoon.27.Butterandbread________(be)theirdailyfood,butthebreadandthebutter__________(eat)upsofar.28.Earlytobedandearlytorise__________(make)amanhealthy,happyandwise.29.In

our

country

every

boy

and

every

girl

________(have)the

right

to

receiveeducation.

【答案與解析】26.is。Apoetandartist表示“一位作家兼詩(shī)人”作主語(yǔ)，指一個(gè)人，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，故答案是is。27.is;havebeeneaten。Butterandbread表示“黃油面包”，視為一個(gè)整體；第二空則指兩件物品，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，sofar常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，故答案是is;havebeeneaten。28.makes。該句意為：早睡早起讓人健康、快樂(lè)、明智。早睡早起都做到才算一個(gè)習(xí)慣，視為整體，故答案是makes。29.has。由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)的前邊如果有each,

every時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式，故答案是has。要點(diǎn)精講4：alargequantity/amountof…作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；largequantities/amountsof…作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例28：Alargeamountofmoneyisspentonadvertisementseveryyear.例29：Largeamountsofspecialfuelareneededtolauncharocketintospace.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。30.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofearth________(wash)awayeachyear.31.--Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?Becauselargequantitiesofwater__________(pollute).【答案與解析】30.arebeingwashed。large/hugequantitiesof…作主語(yǔ)，表示“很多……”，不管后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與quantities一致用復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境該動(dòng)作還在進(jìn)行又是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案是arebeingwashed。31.havebeenpolluted。large/hugequantitiesof…作主語(yǔ)，表示“很多……”，不管后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與quantities一致用復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境該動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響。同時(shí)又是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案是havebeenpolluted。要點(diǎn)精講5：thenumberof…表示“……的數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；anumberof表示“若干，許多”，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。例30：ThenumberofthestudentsinClass7is65.Andanumberofthemarekeenonreading.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroads__________(keep)risingthesedays.33.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______(be)fifty,butanumberofthem_______(be)absentfordifferentreasons.【答案與解析】32.keeps。thenumberof…表示“……的數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故答案是keeps。33.was;were。thenumberof…表示“……的數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；anumberof表示“若干，許多”，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故答案是was;were。要點(diǎn)精講6：oneof…后接定語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；theonlyoneof后接定語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。例31：Johnsonisoneofthefarmerswholiveinthevalley.例32：Johnsonistheonlyoneofthefarmerswholivesinthevalley.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho________(wear)eveningdress.【答案與解析】34.wears。theonlyoneof后接定語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故答案是wears。要點(diǎn)精講7：all,both,each,every,either,neither,none等代詞作主語(yǔ)，視意思而定。例33：EachstudentinClass29hasatleastthreedictionaries.例34：Thestudentseachhaveatleastthreedictionaries.例35：Allofthemoneywasgiventothepoorvillagerslastmonth.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。35.-–Didyougototheshowlastnight?-–Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea___________(invite).36.Allthescientificevidence_____(show)thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming_______(be)damagingourhealth.37.Thesummerholidayiscomingandweeach______(be)readyforthepicnicinthepastweeks.38."All_______(be)presentandall_______(be)goingonwell,"ourheadteachersaid.39.Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse_______________(build)atpresentinthedisasterarea.【答案與解析】35.wasinvited。由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)的前邊如果分別有each,

every

或no修飾時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故答案是wasinvited。36.shows;is。evidence表示“證據(jù)”，是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；后半句主語(yǔ)是increasinguse,仍是單數(shù)。故答案是shows;is。37.are。本句each是同位語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是we,謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故答案是are。38.are;is。不定代詞all作主語(yǔ)，指人時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；指物時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。故答案是are;is。39.isbeingbuilt。manyanewhouse表示“許多房屋”，但是遵循“語(yǔ)法一致”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故答案是isbeingbuilt。要點(diǎn)精講8：在Itis…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中也應(yīng)考慮主謂一致。例36：ItwasJimthatwaspraisedbytheheadmasterthismorning.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。40.ItisI,who_______(be)yourteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.【答案與解析】40.am。在Itis…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是主語(yǔ)時(shí)，who/that后面謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與該主語(yǔ)保持一致。故答案是am。好題再練（一）高考真題用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Currently,about35,000works____________(display)inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.2.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you'llfindprobablyasolutionthat_______(suit)everyone.3.(2020天津改編)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand__________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.4.(2020全國(guó)II)Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers__________(carry)specialsignificance.5.(2019全國(guó)Ⅰ)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six

_____

(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

6.(2019全國(guó)II)IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI

_______

(make)overtheyears.7.(2019全國(guó)III)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we

__________

(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars.

8.(2018全國(guó)II)Since2011,thecountry__________(grow)morecornthanrice.9.(2017全國(guó)Ⅰ)Whenfatandsalt__________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.10.(2016全國(guó)II)Leaving?the?less?important?things?until?tomorrow

__________(be)?often?acceptable.【答案與解析】1.arebeingdisplayed。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Currently是關(guān)鍵?！爱?dāng)前，現(xiàn)在，目前”；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。2.suits。定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是asolution，遵循語(yǔ)法一致。3.hasremained。since常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用；remain是不及物動(dòng)詞，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。4.carries。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)decoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。5.are。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，構(gòu)成并列句。6.havemade。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)overtheyears是關(guān)鍵，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。7.wereinvited。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，又是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。8.hasgrown。since常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。9.areremoved。結(jié)合后面主句判斷這里應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；同時(shí)主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)不同概念，復(fù)數(shù)意義。10.is。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)Leaving?the?less?important?things?until?tomorrow

作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。好題再練（二）模擬試題用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11.Here_______(be)apen,afewpencilsandsomepaperforyou.12.Nowmorethanonemember_______(be)againsttheplan.13.Thiskindofcartoons_______(sell)wellinthebookstorewhilecartoonsofthatkind___________badly(sell).14.Anironandsteelworks,withsomesatellitefactories,_______(be)tobebuilthere.E-mail,aswellastelephones,________(be)playinganimportantpartindailycommunication.16.Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren_______(go)skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.17.Eachofthestudentsworkinghardattheirlessons

__________(read)thebook.SohaveI.

18.Thenumberofthestudentswho________(possess)cellphones________(be)increasingrapidly,whichaffectsthenormalteachingbadly.19.Generally,students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers______(be)essentialtotheirdevelopment.20.Sofaraseriesofproblems_____________(bring)aboutbythisdecision.【答案與解析】11.is。Herebe/Therebe…后面有多個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，遵循“就近一致”原則。12.is。morethanone后接單數(shù)名詞，遵循“就近一致”原則，用單數(shù)。13.sells;sell。sellwell是特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義；第一空主語(yǔ)是Thiskindofcartoons，單數(shù)意義；第二空主語(yǔ)是cartoons，復(fù)數(shù)意義。14.is。Anironandsteelworks表示“一家鋼鐵工廠(chǎng)”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；withsomesatellitefactories是介詞短語(yǔ)。15.is。aswellas連接并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)遵循“就遠(yuǎn)一致”原則，單數(shù)意義。16.goes。everySundayafternooninwinter表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。17.hasread。SohaveI是倒裝句，暗示前邊也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；workinghardattheirlessons作定語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是each。18.possess;is。第一空定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是thestudents,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；第二空主語(yǔ)是number，單數(shù)意義。19.is。真正主語(yǔ)是students’innermotivation，單數(shù)意義。20.hasbeenbrought。Sofar表示“到現(xiàn)在為止”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。好題再練（三）單句改錯(cuò)下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)指出并糾正。21.Thecattleiseatinggrassonthehillnow.22.Kate,oneofmyclosefriends,comefromGuangzhou.23.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwishforaholiday.24.Thewriterandtranslatoraredeliveringaspeechinourschoolnow.25.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneedsrepairing.26.Largequantitiesoffoodhasbeensenttotheflood-strickenvictimsinthepastfewdays.27.Theteacher,aswellas6girlsand8boys,werevisitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.28.NooneinthedepartmentbutTomandIknowthatthedirectorwillresign.29.Thecountrylifetheelderlycouplewasusedtohavechangedgreatlysince1992.30.Whatthescienceteacherdoesandsaysareofgreatimportancetocollegestudents.【答案與解析】21.is改為are。cattle是牛的總稱(chēng)，復(fù)數(shù)意義。22.come改為comes。oneofmyclosefriends作主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。23.wish改為wishes。Notonly…butalso…連接并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)遵循“就近一致”。24.are改為is。Thewriterandtranslator表示“那位作家兼翻譯家”是同一個(gè)人，單數(shù)意義。25.needs改為need。分?jǐn)?shù)短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與中心名詞單復(fù)數(shù)一致。26.has改為have。Largequantitiesof后面謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。27.were改為was。aswellas6girlsand8boys應(yīng)遵循“就遠(yuǎn)一致”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。28.know改為knows。主語(yǔ)后面是but,excep