初中八年級英語課件GrammarSimplepasttenseandprese

Grammar:SimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttenseTranslate:自從我出生我就住在江蘇啟東。這些年來啟東發(fā)生了巨大的變化。例如，數(shù)年前我們沒有大樓。而現(xiàn)在，政府已經(jīng)建了好多現(xiàn)代化大樓。IhavelivedinQidong，JiangsusinceIwasborn.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinQidongovertheyears.Forexample,wedidn'thavetallbuildingsyearsago.Butnow,thegovernmenthasbuiltmanymodernbuildings.Translate:自從我出生我就住在江蘇啟東。這些年來啟東發(fā)生了巨大的變化。例如，數(shù)年前我們沒有大樓。而現(xiàn)在，政府已經(jīng)建了好多現(xiàn)代化大樓。a）含義不同1.Thesimplepasttense一般過去時2.Thepresentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時只表示在過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。動作發(fā)生在過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；過去的動作（或者狀態(tài)）對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響和結(jié)果;過去的動作到現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的頻率/次數(shù)。與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。1.Ican'tfindmywallet.Who___________it？(take)2.She___________theGreatWallseveraltimes.(visit)3.There_______onceacinemahere.(be)hastakenhasvisitedwas曾經(jīng)(b)構(gòu)成不同一般過去時：現(xiàn)在完成時：主語+動詞的過去式+句子剩余主語+have/has+過去分詞+句子剩余句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Hehadtostayuplatelastnight.(否定句）2.Heoftenhasbreadforbreakfast.(否定句）3.He'slearnttwoforeignlanguagessofar.(一般疑問句）

Hedidn'thavetostayuplatelastnight.Hashelearnttwoforeignlanguagessofar?Hedoesn'toftenhavebreadforbreakfast.(c)具體的時間狀語不同（1）一般過去時的時間狀語

（2）現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語

yesterday,once(曾經(jīng)),lastweek,一段時間+ago,justnow,in+過去的年份,theotherday,thismorning...

for,since,sofar,uptonow,ever,never,just,already,yet,recently,lately,in/over/duringthelast/pastyearsPractice：1.I________(lose)

mypenjustnow.2.I________just_____(lose)mypen.3.She________(enjoy)watchingTVinthepast.4.She___________(enjoy)fishinginthepast/lastyears.5.They_______thereformonthslastyear.(stay)6.She__________inthefactoryfortwoyears.(stay)7.We__________ofhimsincetwoyearsago.(hear)8.We_______ofhimtwoyearsago.(hear)9.I________himonthestreettheotherday.（meet)losthavelostenjoyedhasenjoyedstayedhasstayedhaveheardheardmet10.Howlong______you______(work)inthefactory?11.When_____you_____(buy)thedress?12.--_____you_____(eat)breakfast.--Yes.--Where_____you_____(eat)it.--Athome.13.Theyhaveseenthefilmsincetwoweeksago.14.Theygotmarriedtwoyearsago.15.TheyhavebeentotheGreatWalltwice.

Howlonghavetheyseenthefilm?WhendidshegotoJapan?have

worked

did

buy

Have

eaten

did

eat

Wherehavetheybeentwice?現(xiàn)在完成時重點一：since用法:(主句:現(xiàn)在完成時）1例：Shehaslivedtherefortwomonths.=Shehaslivedthere______________________.2.

例：Theyhavelivedheresincehewasborn.

3.例：Theyhaveknowneachothersince2008.另外：4.It_______________+一段時間+since...sincetwomonthsagois/hasbeensince+過去時間點since+過去式句子since+一段時間+ago=for+一段時間Exercises一.since/for1.ShehasstudiedFrench_____1998.2.Theyhavelivedhere_____threeyears.3.Hehasworkedhere_____afewyearsago.二.適當形式1.It___________(be)twoyearssincethey_______(meet)eachother.2.We___________(be)goodfriendssince2009.3.Fiveyears____________(pass)sinceI____________(learn)English.is/hasbeenmethavebeenhaspassedlearned/learntsinceforsince重點二：havebeento______________havegoneto______________Exercises:1.She___________theUSAthreetimes.2.He____________thelibraryandhe__________(return)intwohours.3.Whereisyoursister?--She______________thelibrary.(go)4.whereisyourfather?--He____________(plan)atripintheroom.“去了，人未回”“去過，人回來了”hasbeentohasgoneto

willreturn

hasgoneto

isplanning

重點三:Ourhometownhaschangedalotover/duringtheyears.=Greatchanges________________over/duringtheyears.=There_________greatchangesinourhometownover/duringtheyears.遷移

1.There_________aninternationalbusinesssince2000.2.Therearealmostnod_________betweenthetwins.3.Isthereanyd_________betweenthetwo.havetakenplacehasbeenifferencesifferencehavebeen重點四：since,for,howlong,跟延續(xù)性動詞連用，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.短暫性動詞變?yōu)檠永m(xù)性動詞come/go/arrive/moveto-___________leave________________start/begin___________finish/end____________die____________become______________getmarried___________buy_________________borrow_____________join__________________open__________close_________________fallasleep______________come/goback/return________beinbeawayfrombeonbeoverbedeadbebemarriedhavekeepbein/beamemberofbeopenbeclosedbeasleepbebackTranslate:(cf:havegoneto/havebeento/havebeenin)

1.他去了德國出差。

2.他去過歐洲兩次。

3.他們到北京兩天了。HehasgonetoGermanyonbusiness.HehasbeentoEuropetwice.HehasbeeninBeijingfortwodays.

當堂檢測1.Mybrother____collegeforoverthreeyears.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeenin2.-_______didyouruncleleavehishometown?–He_______fornearlytwentyyears.A.When;hasleftB.When;hasbeenawayC.Howlong;hasleftD.Howlong;hasbeenaway3.It