2022-2023學(xué)年佛山市高三英語(yǔ)高考一模試題卷附答案解析

2022-2023學(xué)年佛山市高三英語(yǔ)高考一模試題卷2022.12試卷滿分120分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATotalSolarEclipse2023AustraliaOneofnature＇smostremarkableevents-atotalsolareclipse（日蝕）－willtakeplaceonthewesteredgeofAustraliaonApril20th,2023andwehavechosentheperfectwayforyoutoenjoythisevent:onacruise（航游）atsea.－TherehavebeenonlyfivetotalsolareclipsesinAustraliaoverthepastcenturyandthisisthefirsthybrideclipseinmorethan1000years.Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.Youwillhavethebestpossibleviewoftheeventaswellasenjoyinglecturesandstargazingonlandandatsea.Abigailwillbeonhandthroughout,givinglecturesonthehistoryandscienceofeclipses,theblackholeatthecentreofthegalaxy-alongwithprovidingmanyopportunitiesforguidedstargazing.Plus,therewillbeadditionaltalksfromtheAstronomicalSocietyofAustralia.Clickherefordetailedarrangementsofthetour.arrangementsofthetour.SingleoccupancyPerguestbasedontwopeoplesharingInteriorcabin￡2,429￡1,699Oceanviewcabin￡3,229￡2,199Ifyouwishtoaddathirdadultorchildtoyourroom,pleaseaskforaquote.Alongsidethecruise,youcanalsoexploresomeofAustralia＇sbestscientificandnaturalphenomenawithaseriesoftailoredadd-ontourscoveringastronomyontheeastcoastandvisitstoUluru,Sydney,theGreatBarrierReefandmuchmore.Onthelastdayofthetour,wecansendyoubacktotheairportforyourreturnjourneyhome,oryoucanjoinoneofouradd-ontours.Clickhereforfulldetailsaboutadd-ontours.21.Whatmakesthecruisedifferentfromothers?A.Aspecialist＇sguidance.B.Atalkwithastronomers.C.AchanceforstargazingD.Ameetingwithastronauts.22.HowmuchshouldacouplepayforatourinaOceanviewcabin?A.￡3,229.B.￡2,199.C.￡.6,458D.￡4,398.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocelebrateahistoricevent.B.Toadvertiseaspecialcruise.C.Tointroduceatravelagency.D.Toexplainanaturalphenomenon.BDeveza＇smotherwasonthewaitinglistforakidneytransplant（腎移植）.Devezawantedtodonateoneofherownkidneys-butshewasturneddownbecauseshemightdevelopthesamehealthproblemsashermotherinlaterlife.Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld'sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliver（肝）forsomeoneelse＇skidney.Acasestudyoftheorganexchangehasnowbeenpublished.andthesurgeonswhowereinvolvedarecallingformoreexchangeslikethis.“'Youcanimaginetheenormousimpactformixedorganextendedchains,”saysJohnRoberts,asurgeonatUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.Mostorgantransplantscomefrompeoplewhohavedied,butthereareneverenoughorgans.Asmostpeoplecanmanagewithjustoneoftheirkidneys.peoplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdonatedorgansfromrelativesorfriends.Ifsomeonewantstodonatebuttheirimmune（免疫的）systemisunsuited,doctorsmaybeabletofindpairsofwould-bedonorswhocaneachgiveakidneytotheother'srelative.WhenDevezawaslookingintosuchchains,shecameacrossresearchdescribingtheideaoftradingakidneywiththeonlyotherorgangenerallytakenfromalivingdonor-theliver.ShesuggestedtheideatomanyhospitalsbeforeshefinallycontactedRoberts,whosawtheidea'spotential.Devezawasassessedtobeingoodenoughhealthtodonatepartofherliver.Itthentook18monthstofindAnnieSimmons,inIdaho,whoseliverwasunsuitabletouseasatransplantforhersisterwithsevereliverdisease.Theydrewupaplan:SimmonswoulddonateakidneytoDeveza'smother,andinreturn,DevezawouldgivehalfherlivertoSimmons'sister.Thehospitalgavethego-aheadandthefouroperationstookplaceonthesamedaysuccessfully.Theteamhopethattheground-breakingcasewillinspiremorepeopletoconsiderdoingthesame.Robertssaysthatdirectexchangesinvolvingtwodonorscouldenableuptothirtyextraliving-donorlivertransplantsayear-atenpercentincrease.24.WhatdidDevezadotosavehermother?A.Carryingoutacasestudy.B.Callingforkidneydonations.C.Launchingamedicalexperiment.D.Tradinghalfherliverforakidney.25.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Patients'desperationtosurvive.B.Severalsourcesoforgandonation.C.Currentsituationoforgantransplants.D.Doctors'effortstoimproveorgantransplants.26.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheorganexchangebetweenDevezaandSimmons?A.Itdiscouragedorgandonation.B.Itbroughttwofamiliestogether.C.Itmetwithwidespreadapproval.D.Itproducedadesirableoutcome.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyLiver,YourKidneyB.Mother'sLove,OurHappinessC.OrganTransplant:BlessingforPatientsD.OrganExchange:MajorMedicalAdvancesCIt'snosecretnowthatthemoretimewespendonsocialmedia,themorewefeeldissatisfiedwithourselves.Wetendtocompareourselvestoinfluencersandcelebrities-soit'seasytounderstandhowthatcanaffectourconfidence.But,howoftenhaveyoufoundyourselfcomparingyourlifetoyourfriends?Engagingwithsocialmediasharedbyourfriendscanbemoredamagingthanlookingatcontentsharedbycelebrities,newresearchhasfound.Thestudylookingathowsocialmediaaffectsbodyimagefoundthatanysocialmediaengagementwassignificantlyassociatedwithlower“appearancesatisfaction”.Additionally,itfoundthatengagingwithcontentpostedbypeopletheparticipantsknewwasmorethantwiceasdamagingaslookingatcontentpostedbystrangers,includingcelebrities.VirenSwami,ProfessorofSocialPsychologyatAngliaRuskinUniversity,believesthisispartlybecauseweknowit'shardtoattainthelivesofcelebritiesorinfluencers,butwhenwe'recomparingourselvestoourfriends,itfeelslikeweshould-orcould-livethewaytheydo.“Onepossibleexplanationisthatpeoplemayperceiveapostshowingappearanceasbeingmuchmoreattainableifitcomesfromsomeonetheyknow,addingexpectationorpressureonthepersonengaginginthepost,”hesaid.“Atthesametime,peoplemaybemorecriticallyengagedwithpostsbythelikesofmodelsandcelebrities,andthereforeperceivetheimagestheysharetobemoreunrealistic."Thisisn＇tjustconfinedtobodyimagethough.Weallhaveoneareainourlivesthattriggers（觸發(fā)）us.Maybeyou＇vebeensearchingforanewjobformonthsandyoufindyourselfonsocialmedia,envyingyourschoolfriendwhojustlandedtheirdreamrole.Maybe...Allthisistosaytheobvious:weonlyseepartofpeople'slives-andifit'sgettingyoudown,you'reprobablycomparingyourinsidestootherpeople'soutsides.Everyonehastheirstrugglesandlifeisindeednotperfectforanyone.So,putdownyourphone,getoffline,bethankfulandtrytoliveyourownlife.28.Whatdidthenewstudyfind?A.Socialmediainvitesunfavorablecomments.B.Friends'postsaffectusmorethancelebrities'.C.Celebritieshaveanegativeinfluenceonourlife.D.Bodyimagecausesmoreconcernthansociallife.29.WhyarewemorelikelytocomparewithourfriendsaccordingtoSwam?A.Theyserveasrolemodels.B.Weknowthewaytheylive.,C.Theirlifestylesareaccessible.D.Wearecuriousabouttheirlife.30.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph6probablymean?A.Restricted.B.Related.C.Devoted.D.Exposed.31.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledo?A.Findyourdreamandfightforit.B.Stupcomparingandbeyourself.C.Begratefulandleadaperfectlife.DStopcomplainingandgetdowntowork.DGiventhatthedictionarydefinitionofcuriosityis“thedesiretoknowsomething",itmaybeoflittlesurprisethatmuchresearchhasconcerneditsbenefitsforeducation.ConsiderastudyattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisin2014.Theresearchersfirstaskedeachparticipanttoratetheircuriosityaboutlearningtheanswerstoaseriesofquestions,suchas“Whatdoestheterm＇dinosaur＇actuallymean？”TheparticipantsthenlayinanfMRIbrainscanner（掃描儀）whilethesamequestionswerepresented,followedshortlyafterbytheanswers.Theparticipantswerethentestedontheirrecollectionofthefactsanhourlater.Theeffectsofcuriosityonlaterrecallwerestriking.Whentheparticipantswerehighlycuriousaboutafact,theywere30%morelikelytorecallit.Andthisseemedtocorrespondtoheightenedactivityinareasofthemidbrainthatreleasedopamine（多巴胺）.Dopamineisnormallyassociatedwithreward,butanimalstudiessuggestthatitcanalsoenhancetheformationofnewneural（神經(jīng)的）connections.Itlookedasifthefeelingofcuriositywashelpingpreparethebraintoabsorbthenewandimportantinformation,andthisthenresultedinamorestablememory.Interestingly,theresearchersfoundthatthedopaminehit,arisingfrominitialcuriosity,couldevenenhancethememoryofincidentalinformationthathadnodirectrelevancetotheprimaryquestion.Todemonstratethis,theyhadpresentedrandomfacesalongsidetheanswerstothequestionsand,anhourlater,checkedwhethertheparticipantsstillrecognizedthefaces.Theanalysesshowedthattheparticipantswerefarmorelikelytorememberthefaceifithadaccompaniedaquestionthathadawakenedtheircuriosity.Thisadditional,andunexpected,memoryboostcouldbeextremelyusefulwheneverwe'retryingtolearnsomethingnewandcomplicated.We'reunlikely,afterall,tofindeverysingleelementofourstudiesinteresting.Butifwecandevelopsomecuriosityaboutatleastsomeofthefacts,wemayfindthattherestofthematerialalsosticksfarmoreeasily.32.Whichaspectofcuriositydidthestudyfocuson?A.Itsscientificdefinition.B.Itsuniquecharacteristics.C.Itsinfluencesonmemory.D.Itsbenefitsforbrainhealth.33.Whatwasthepurposeofpresentingquestionstotheparticipantsfirst?A.Toassesstheirlearningability.B.Toawakentheirpassionforlearning.C.Tomeasuretheircuriosityaboutthequestions.D.Torefreshtheirmemoryofextinctwildanimals.34.WhatcanbelearnedaboutdopamineaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Itblocksmemory.B.Itfacilitateslearning.C.ItpromotesfriendshipD.Itcuresneuraldisorder.35.Whichmessageaboutlearningdoestheunexpectedfindingdeliver?A.Generateinterestinstudy.B.Locusonessentialinformation.C.Makelearningmaterialsrelated.D.Attachimportancetomemorization.第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。CampingTips&TricksforaFunTripManypeopleidealizecampingtripsasbeingthiseasy,effortlessencounterwithdestinationsrichwithnaturallandscapesandnightsunderthestarstwinklingintheskyabove.36That'swhywe'vepreparedthebestcampingtipsforyou!Planaccordingly,andthenplanagain.Whenyou'reoutinthemiddleofnowhere,youhavetobeequippedtonature'schallenges.37Therefore,aplanforunexpectedweatherchangesisessentialtoasuccessfulcampingtrip.Forexample,considerpackingextrasupplierslikeblankets.Whilethatmightseemlikeahugeinconvenience,thebiggestandrealissueoccurswhenyouneedsomethingyoudon'thave.Knowwhatyouneed.38Notallbeginnercamperswillneedthetop-of-the-line,latestsupplies.Butyoushouldhaveatleastthebasics!Thatincludesadecenttentwithenoughroomforpeoplecampingwithyou,agoodsleepingbagappropriatefortheseason,andothersupplieslikefoodandwater.You'dbettercreateaconvenientchecklistthatlaysouteverythingthatyoushouldconsider.39Whenyou'refarawayfromthemajorconvenienceswerelyuponlikeanurgentcarecenter,policestations.andemergencyrooms,youshouldalwaysrememberthatsafetyisyourfirstpriority!40Afirstaidkitisagreatstartingpoint,butit'scertainlynottheendofmaximizingyoursafetyefforts.Dependingonwhereyouplantocamp,you'llwanttograbtheseitemsthatcoveryouinmostemergencysituations:apocketknife,afirestarter,andasafetywhistle.Readytogocamping?Nowyouknowwhattoexpectandhowtoprepareforyournextcampingtrip,soyouactuallyhavefun-rainorshine!A.Alwayschooseasafecampsite.B.Neverleavehomewithoutsafetyinmind.CWeencourageyoutocreateasafetysupplykit.DCampingdoesn'thavetobecomplicatedorexpensive.E.Aclear3-dayforecastcaneasilyshiftintoasuddenheavyrain.F.Tomaximizeyourcomfort,alwaysbringappropriateclothesforcoldandrain.G.Butforbeginnercampers,thoseexpectationscanrapidlyturnintoamessofreality.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Growingup,myparentsneverforcedmeandmybrotheroutofourhouuseinHounslow,butweweren't41tolivethereforever.Myfamilyalwayshadaspecial42forme.Ourparentsencouragedustospendtimetogether:mealswereeatenasafamilyandTVviewingwas_43.WhenIwenttouniversityat18,Iknewmymessystudentapartmentswere44-myrealhomewasbackinHounslowandIwas45thatIcouldreturnwheneverIwantedto.WhenIwas19,mymumpassedaway.Inthefollowingmonths,Iwouldcomeback46checkinginonmydadand47himtogoshoppingandstartcookingpropermeals.Threeyearslater,Iwas48andImovedback.AsIlookedforwork,Iwould49themealswereeatentogether.50,twosadmenlivinginahousearelessofafamily.Mydadwantedmetogetonandlivemyliferatherthanstaytrappedinoursorrow.Eventually,in2018,Igota51.Itwastimeformetogain52,andIpackedupandleft.Nextyearwillbe10yearssincemymumdied.Ourfamilyhomeis53.Mymum'spictureshavebeenreplacedwithnewphotographs;herclothesandscentaregone.But,Iam54thatthingshavebecomedifferent.I'verealisedthatthehomemymumcreatedisn'tjusta（n）55-itissomethingsheinstilled（灌輸）inus.41.A.encouragedB.remindedC.allowedD.persuaded42.A.planB.pullC.requestD.pressure43.A.guaranteedB.sharedC.favoredD.scheduled44.A.inconvenientB.disturbingC.ordinaryD.temporary45.A.concernedB.convincedC.gratefulD.hopeful46.A.secretlyB.hesitantlyC.regularlyD.randomly47.A.urgingB.instructingC.invitingD.forcing48.A.outoftouchB.outofworkC.indebtD.inpain49.A.pretendB.findC.believeD.ensure50.A.UnusuallyB.UnbelievablyC.UnfortunatelyD.Unexpectedly51.A.giftB.jobC.hobbyD.vacation52.A.experienceB.comfortC.confidenceD.independence53.A.disappearingB.strugglingC.enlargingD.changing54.A.shockedB.confusedC.gladD.nervous55.A.placeB.mealC.dreamD.image第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InChongqing,amountainouscityinSouthwestChinafamousforhotpotoftenservedwithbeersorstrongtea,theparticularflavorofcoffeeisgaining56_（populari.InDaijiaxiang,anoldcommunityinthecity,anewly-openedcoffeestreethasturnedeveryone'sheadsfor57（it）uniquedesignstyle.Byusingtheexistingfirstfloorsofseveraloldbuildingsasshopfronts,thenewstreethasbroughtmodernatmospheretotheaged58blocktransformeditintoadesireddestinationamongsocialmediaenthusiasts59（seek）photoopportunitiesandscenicviews.WuLongquan,a30-year-oldshopowner,wasthefirstone60（run）acoffeeshophere.“Althoughthecommunitywasquiteold,itslocation,wonderfulriverviewandold-fashionedarchitecturalstyleallmadeit61（true）attractive,"Wusaid.Wuadmittedthatthisishisdreamcoffeeshop,62notonlyserveshigh-qualitycoffeebutisalsoanexpression63.hispersonality.Hebelievesthateachgenerationhasitsownattitudeaboutcoffee.Inthepast,coffee64（consider）asonlyapromisingbusiness,butforhisgeneration,itispartoflifestylefirst,andabusinesssecond.Since2019,Wu65(open）fivecoffeeshopsandonebakerybusinessthatproducesfoodtogowithhiscoffee.第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）你校上周六組織高三學(xué)生參觀了新北機(jī)器人制造公司（XinbeiRobots）。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇觀后感,給校英文報(bào)投稿,內(nèi)容包括：1.參觀過(guò)程：2.你的收獲和感想。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AVisittoXinbeiRobots第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iranafterthetrain,shouting,“Heymister,can'tyouseeme?”Itwashopeless,asnoconductorisgoingtoslowdownfora60-year-oldmanwhogottothestationseveralminuteslate.Theyabsolutelydidn'tknowhowimportantthatday,thattrainridewastome!Iwasonmywaytoaninterviewforwhatcouldhavebeentheopportunityofalifetime.Ithrewbothmyhatandmyartcasedownindepression,andsatdownonthenearestchair,wiping（擦掉）theswveatfrommyfaceandbreathingheavily.Iwouldhavetowaitawholedayforthenexttrain,andbythenmyappointmentwiththegalleryownerwouldhavegivenuponme.Perhapsitwasforthebest.Itwas,afterall,thefirsttimein40yearsanyonehadshownsuchaninterestinmyart.Maybeifthegalleryownerhadseenallmypaintings,hewouldhavechangedhismindaboutofferingmespaceonhiswalls.Disappointmentfilledmysoul.ShouldIdialthegalleryandgetaninterviewonadifferentday?ButPierreGianniwastheownerofthemostwell-knowngalleryinNewYorkCity.Whywouldhegiveararesecondchancetoanelderlynobodywhenhehadthenewest,coolestyoungartiststochoosefrom?Cometothinkofit,perhapstheseinsecuritiesweretheveryreasonIhadneverbeenofferedashowbefore.Iwastooafraidtotry.Ifoundcountlessexcusesnottooffermyworkuptobeseenandperhapscriticized.ItoldmyselfitwouldhurttoomuchifIfailed,butthetruthwasthatIhadnevertried.Finally,Igatheredallmycouragetodialthegallery,onlytofindmyantiquecellphonehadbrokendown.ItwasattheverymomentthatIwasintotaldespairanddecidedtogohome.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。SuddenlyIfeltatouchonmyshoulder.ThenextmorningIgottothegalleryontime.第一部分（共20小題，每小題2.5分）21A22D23B24D25C26D27A28B29C30A31B32C33C34B35A36G37E38D39B40C第二部分第一節(jié)：（共15小題，每小題1分）41A42B43B44D45C46C47A48B49D50C51B52D53D54C55A第二節(jié)：（共10小題，每小題1.5分）56popularity57its58and59seeking60torun61truly62which63of64wasconsidered65hasopened第三部分第一節(jié)(滿分15分)一、參考范文：LastSaturdayafternoon,ourschoolorganizedavisittoXinbeiRobotsforSeniorThreestudents,whichturnedouttobeaninstructiveevent.Duringthevisit,welearnedabouttheprocedureofmakingrobotsandlistenedtoalectureaboutrobots’development.Evenbetter,therewasasessionforustointeractwiththosemultifunctionalrobots.Iwasutterlyamazedbythegreatconveniencetechnologyhasbroughttoourlifeandtookgreatprideintheadvancesourcountryhasmadeintechnology.Moreover,I’mmoredeterminedtoworkhardformydream–tobecomeascientistanddomybitforthepromisingfutureofourcountry.二、評(píng)分原則1.本題總分為15分，按五個(gè)檔次進(jìn)行評(píng)分。2.評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)主要從內(nèi)容組織、詞匯語(yǔ)法和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)方面考慮，具體為:(1)對(duì)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)的覆蓋情況以及表述的清楚程度和合理性;(2)使用詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)確性、恰當(dāng)性和多樣性;(3)上下文的銜接和全文的連貫性。3.評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)作答的整體情況初步確定其所屬檔次,然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)綜合衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。4.評(píng)分時(shí)還應(yīng)注意:(1)單詞拼寫(xiě)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是寫(xiě)作規(guī)范的重要方面，評(píng)分時(shí)應(yīng)視其對(duì)交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫(xiě)及詞匯用法均可接受。(2)書(shū)寫(xiě)較差以致影響交際的，將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個(gè)檔次。三、內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)1.參觀的過(guò)程（時(shí)間、人員、具體參觀行程等）;2.參觀活動(dòng)后的收獲及感想。四、各檔次的給分范圍和要求第五檔(13-15分)：能與明全部要點(diǎn);語(yǔ)言基本無(wú)誤;行文連貫，表達(dá)清楚;第四檔(10-12分)：能寫(xiě)明全部或絕大部分要點(diǎn);語(yǔ)言有少量錯(cuò)誤;行文不夠連貫，表達(dá)基本清楚;第三檔(7-9分)：能寫(xiě)明基本要點(diǎn);語(yǔ)言雖有較多借誤，但能基本達(dá)意;第二檔(4-6分)：能寫(xiě)出部分要點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤多，影響意思表達(dá);第一檔(1-3分)：只能寫(xiě)出一兩個(gè)要點(diǎn);語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤很多，只有個(gè)別句子正確。第二節(jié)(滿分25分)一、參考范文01Paragraph1:SuddenlyIfeltatouchonmyshoulder.Iturnedaroundandsawanoldmansmilinggentlyatme.HetoldmethathehadnoticedthetroubleIwasinandofferedtolendmehisphone.Iwantedtoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetohim,butw