河南省南陽市南陽六校2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題（解析版）

PAGEPAGE1河南省南陽市南陽六校2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.WheredidJennyputthebike?A.Underatree.B.Inthebackyard.C.Inthestreet.2.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Placethecups.B.Setupmicrophones.C.Preparethetablesandchairs.3.WhowillprobablypickupHelentomorrowmorning?A.Bob.B.Larry.C.Mary.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Sorry.B.Excited.C.Proud.5.Whatcolorwallpaperwillthespeakersprobablychoose?A.Brown.B.Lightblue.C.Darkyellow.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdidthemanusetolearnJapanese?A.TheInternet.B.Asmartphone.C.Booksandtapes.7.Whatisthemanadvisedtodo?A.GiveupJapanesecompletely.B.ContinuelearningJapanese.C.Learnanotherlanguage.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whenistherealityshowon?A.At7:00pm.B.At8:30pm.C.At9:00pm.9.Whywon’tthewomanwatchAvatar?A.It’stoolong.B.Shehasseenitmanytimes.C.There’smuchaction.10.Whatisthehomeimprovementshowabout?A.Cleaningthehouse.B.Expandingthebathroom.C.Fixingupthingsaroundthehouse.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Forwhatdoesthewomanprefertobuyanelectriccar?A.Thelowprice.B.Itspowerfulengine.C.Environmentalprotection.12.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsthewideuseofelectriccars?A.Supportive.B.Worried.C.Unconcerned.13.WhatdoesthemanthinkMelbourneneedstodo?A.Broadentheroads.B.Limitthenumberofcars.C.Improvepublictransport.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whichquestiondoesthewomanrefusetowritedowntheanswerto?A.NumberThree.B.NumberSeven.C.NumberTen.15.Howoftendoesthewomantakepainkillers?A.Never.B.Sometimes.C.Regularly.16.Whatisthelastquestionabout?A.Thelawtrouble.B.Thedrivingskills.C.Thesocialsecurity.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisinchargeofthesafetythisyear?A.Thebusinessclub.B.Acharity.C.Thetown.18.Whywillthebusinessclubholdtheevent?A.Togetpracticalexperience.B.Tocreateasafeenvironment.C.Tosellmorecreativeproducts.19.Whatcanbefoundontheevent’swebsite?A.Thebestwaytothemarket.B.Rulesforsellingthings.C.Tipsonhowtobuytheticket.20.Whatdoesthespeakertalkabout?A.Plansforafestival.B.TheChristmasMarket.C.Safetyinstructions.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AYellowstone,WYNootherplaceonearthislikeYellowstoneNationalPark.Thehuge,naturalconservationattractsallvisitorswithitsmountains,valleys,springsandforests.Withchallenginghikesintothebackcountryaswellaswheelchair-accessiblewoodenboardwalks,thewondersofYellowstoneareforeveryoneinyourfamily.Bringatentandgethereearlytotakeadvantageoftheaffordablecampgrounds.Durango,CODurangoanditsnearbymountainsattractpeopleinanyseason,andyoucanbringyourfamilythereanytime.Inwarmmonths,you’llfindeverythingfromhikingtowhite-waterrafting(漂流).Inwintermonths,thehistoricDurango&SilvertonNarrowGaugeRailroadisoneofthebestwintertrainridesinthecountry.PurgatorySkiResortislessexpensiveandlesscrowdedthanitsColoradocompetitorslikeAspen,butwithequallygreatslopes(山坡).OuterBanks,NCTheOuterBanksseparatethemainlandfromtheAtlanticOcean.Theopen-seabeaches,stateparksandsunken-shipdivingsitesmakethemapopularholidaydestination.Theareapositivelymarksinhistory:RoanokeIslandwasthesiteofEngland’sfirstsettlementintheNewWorld;OrvilleandWilburWrighttooktheirfamousfirstflightatKillDevilHillsandthepirate(海盜)BlackbeardfoughthislastbattleatOcracoke,whichmayentertainboththeadultandthekids.Bandera,TXGototherealgrassfarmoutsideofSanAntonio,forsomeWestern-themedfun.Whetheryou’redyingtotryhorsebackridingorjusthopingtorelaxinaplacewherekidscanentertainthemselves,thisfarmhasyoucoveredwithplentyoffunoutdooractivitiesforthewholefamilyincludingfishing,horseshoes,andplaygroundsforgolf,basketball,tennis,volleyballandevenpickleball.1.WhatisanadvantageofPurgatorySkiResortcomparedwithitsColoradocompetitors?A.It’scheaper. B.It’smorepopular.C.Ithasgreaterslopes. D.Ithasalongerhistory.2.Wherecanvisitorsseeseveralhistoricalsites?A.InBandera. B.InDurango. C.InYellowstone. D.InOuterBanks.3.Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyaremorebeautifulinwinter.B.Theyaresuitableforthewholefamily.C.Theyprovidehorseridingonthegrassland.D.Theyallhaveboardwalksforpeopleinspecialneeds.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.B【語篇導讀】本文是應用文。介紹了四個適合全家人旅游的地點?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題Durango,CO下的“PurgatorySkiResortislessexpensiveandlesscrowdedthanitsColoradocompetitorslikeAspen,butwithequallygreatslopes(山坡).(Purgatory滑雪場比科羅拉多的Aspen等競爭對手便宜，也不那么擁擠，但同樣有很好的坡度)”可知，與科羅拉多的競爭對手相比，Purgatory滑雪場的優(yōu)勢是它是便宜的。故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題InOuterBanks下的“Theopen-seabeaches,stateparksandsunken-shipdivingsitesmakethemapopularholidaydestination.Theareapositivelymarksinhistory:RoanokeIslandwasthesiteofEngland’sfirstsettlementintheNewWorld;OrvilleandWilburWrighttooktheirfamousfirstflightatKillDevilHillsandthepirate(海盜)BlackbeardfoughthislastbattleatOcracoke,whichmayentertainboththeadultandthekids.(開闊的海灘、州立公園和沉船潛水地點使其成為受歡迎的度假勝地。該地區(qū)在歷史上留下了積極的印記:羅阿諾克島是英國在新大陸的第一個定居點;奧維爾·萊特和威爾伯·萊特在KillDevilHills進行了他們著名的第一次飛行，海盜黑胡子在奧克拉科克進行了他的最后一場戰(zhàn)斗，這可能會讓成人和孩子們都感到有趣)”可知，游客在OuterBanks可以看到一些歷史遺跡。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題Yellowstone,WY下的“Withchallenginghikesintothebackcountryaswellaswheelchair-accessiblewoodenboardwalks,thewondersofYellowstoneareforeveryoneinyourfamily.(有挑戰(zhàn)性的徒步旅行進入偏遠地區(qū)，以及輪椅可進入的木制木板路，黃石公園的奇觀適合您的家人)”，小標題Durango,CO下的“Durangoanditsnearbymountainsattractpeopleinanyseason,andyoucanbringyourfamilythereanytime.(杜蘭戈及其附近的山脈在任何季節(jié)都吸引著人們，你可以隨時帶著你的家人去那里)”，小標題OuterBanks,NC下的“RoanokeIslandwasthesiteofEngland’sfirstsettlementintheNewWorld;OrvilleandWilburWrighttooktheirfamousfirstflightatKillDevilHillsandthepirate(海盜)BlackbeardfoughthislastbattleatOcracoke,whichmayentertainboththeadultandthekids.(羅阿諾克島是英國在新大陸的第一個定居點;奧維爾·萊特和威爾伯·萊特在KillDevilHills進行了他們著名的第一次飛行，海盜黑胡子在奧克拉科克進行了他的最后一場戰(zhàn)斗，這可能會讓成人和孩子們都感到有趣)”以及小標題Bandera,TX下的“Whetheryou’redyingtotryhorsebackridingorjusthopingtorelaxinaplacewherekidscanentertainthemselves,thisfarmhasyoucoveredwithplentyoffunoutdooractivitiesforthewholefamilyincludingfishing,horseshoes,andplaygroundsforgolf,basketball,tennis,volleyballandevenpickleball.(無論你是渴望嘗試騎馬，還是只是希望在孩子們可以娛樂的地方放松，這個農場都為你提供了許多有趣的戶外活動，包括釣魚，馬蹄鐵，高爾夫球，籃球，網(wǎng)球，排球甚至匹克球的游樂場)”可知，這四個地點的共同之處是他們適合全家人一起去旅游。故選B項。BAspecialspellingeventcalled“TheBigDictation”tookplaceinthefamousChamps-ElyseésstreetofParis.TheeventwasorganizedbyawriternamedRachidSantaki,whoisoftencalled“MonsieurDictee”,or“Mr.Dictation”.Hecameupwiththeideaoflargegroupsofpeopleparticipatingindictations(聽寫)backin2013,thinkingitcouldhelppeopleinFrancegetbetteratreadingandwriting.Over50,000peopleappliedtojoininthespecialspellingevent.Intheend,around5,000people,aged10to90,werechosentotakepart.Alarge“blackboard”wassetupfortheeventnearafamousmonument(紀念碑),theArcdeTriomphe.Threecelebritiesweretheretoplaythepartoftheteacher,andreadthedictationtextsoutloud.Atotalof1,779desksweresetupinthestreettobeusedineachofthreedifferentdictationsessions,eachofwhichhadadifferenttheme,includingclassicFrenchliterature,contemporaryFrenchliterature,andwritingaboutsports.Ten-year-oldSamsonthoughtthedictationwastooquickandhecouldn’tfinish.Anotheryoungstudentagreed.“Itwasimpossible!”hesaid.“Thedictationwasforadults.”Evenadultsfoundithard,reportingthatitcaused“stressandworry”.Oneretiredwomanwaspleasedthatshehadonlymadetwomistakes.Theorganizersaidtheeventwasn’tjustaboutgettingallthewordsright,butsomethingthatcouldbringpeopletogether.AnothergoalofTheBigDictationwastobreaktheGuinnessrecordforthelargestdictationeventever.Thepreviousrecordwassetin2018atFrance’snationalstadium,StadedeFrance,with1,473peopletakingpart.It’snotcleariftheeventontheChamps-Elyseesmanagedtobeattherecord.Butevenifitdidn’t,TheBigDictationwillberememberedbythepeopleofParisforalongtime.4.WhatwasRachidSantaki’spurposeinsettingup“TheBigDictation”?A.ToadvertiseChamps-Elyseesstreet.B.Toprovideaplatformtoshowcitizens’talents.C.Topromotepeople’sreadingandwritingability.D.Tocollectmoneyforcharity.5.Whatdidtheeventsitelooklike?A.Anoutdoorclassroom. B.Ahugeculturemuseum.C.Agreatexhibitionofbooks. D.Alargecelebritymeet-and-greet.6.Whatdomostparticipantsthinkofthedictation?A.Interesting. B.Challenging. C.Impractical. D.Rewarding.7.Whatcanwelearnabouttheeventfromthelastparagraph?A.ItleftadeepimpressionontheParisians.B.ItsetupanewGuinnessrecordondictation.C.Itgotfewerthan1,473participantseventually.D.Itaimedtoattractpeopleworldwide.〖答案〗4.C5.A6.B7.A【語篇導讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了一個在巴黎香榭麗舍大街舉行的特殊拼寫活動“TheBigDictation”?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hecameupwiththeideaoflargegroupsofpeopleparticipatingindictations(聽寫)backin2013,thinkingitcouldhelppeopleinFrancegetbetteratreadingandwriting.(早在2013年，他就提出了讓一大群人參與聽寫的想法，認為這可以幫助法國人提高閱讀和寫作水平)”可知，RachidSantaki創(chuàng)立“TheBigDictation”的目的是提高人們的閱讀和寫作能力。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Alarge“blackboard”wassetupfortheeventnearafamousmonument(紀念碑),theArcdeTriomphe.Threecelebritiesweretheretoplaythepartoftheteacher,andreadthedictationtextsoutloud.Atotalof1,779desksweresetupinthestreettobeusedineachofthreedifferentdictationsessions,eachofwhichhadadifferenttheme,includingclassicFrenchliterature,contemporaryFrenchliterature,andwritingaboutsports.(在著名的凱旋門紀念碑附近，人們豎起了一塊巨大的“黑板”。三位名人在那里扮演老師的角色，大聲朗讀聽寫的課文。在街上總共設置了1779張桌子，用于三種不同的聽寫會話，每種會話都有不同的主題，包括經典法國文學，當代法國文學和關于體育的寫作)”可知，活動現(xiàn)場是一個戶外教室。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ten-year-oldSamsonthoughtthedictationwastooquickandhecouldn’tfinish.Anotheryoungstudentagreed.“Itwasimpossible!”hesaid.“Thedictationwasforadults.”Evenadultsfoundithard,reportingthatitcaused“stressandworry”.Oneretiredwomanwaspleasedthatshehadonlymadetwomistakes.(10歲的Samson認為聽寫太快，他無法完成。另一個年輕的學生也同意。“這不可能!”他說?！奥爩懯墙o成年人設置的?！奔词故浅赡耆艘灿X得這很難，他們說這會帶來“壓力和擔憂”。一位退休婦女很高興自己只犯了兩個錯誤)”可知，大多數(shù)參與者認為聽寫具有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theorganizersaidtheeventwasn’tjustaboutgettingallthewordsright,butsomethingthatcouldbringpeopletogether.AnothergoalofTheBigDictationwastobreaktheGuinnessrecordforthelargestdictationeventever.Thepreviousrecordwassetin2018atFrance’snationalstadium,StadedeFrance,with1,473peopletakingpart.It’snotcleariftheeventontheChamps-Elyseesmanagedtobeattherecord.Butevenifitdidn’t,TheBigDictationwillberememberedbythepeopleofParisforalongtime.(組織者說，這次活動不僅僅是要把所有的詞都寫對，而是要把人們聚集在一起。“大聽寫”的另一個目標是打破有史以來最大規(guī)模聽寫活動的吉尼斯紀錄。此前的紀錄是2018年在法國國家體育場法蘭西體育場創(chuàng)下的，共有1473人參加。尚不清楚在香榭麗舍大街舉行的這場活動是否打破了世界紀錄。但即使沒有，《大聽寫》也將被巴黎人民銘記很久)”可知，這次活動將被巴黎人民銘記很久，也就是給巴黎人留下了深刻的印象。故選A項。CAnewstudydiscussedthehighprobabilitythatnochickshadsurvivedfromfourofthefivemonitored(監(jiān)測)emperorpenguingroupsinAntarctic.Thesatelliteimagesshowedthelossofseaiceatbreeding(繁殖)sites,wellbeforechickswouldhavedevelopedwaterprooffeathers.EmperorpenguinsaredependentonstableseaicewheretheylayeggsinAntarcticwinterfromMaytoJune.Eggshatchafter65days,butchicksdonotgrowfeathersuntilsummer,betweenDecemberandJanuary.Soemperorpenguinsarehighlysensitiveinawarmingclimate.Since2016,Antarcticahasseenthefouryearswiththelowestseaiceextentsinthe45-yearsatelliterecord,withthetwolowestyearsin2021/22and2022/23.Between2018and2022,30%ofthe62knownemperorpenguingroupsinAntarcticawereaffectedbypartortotalseaiceloss.Althoughitisdifficulttoimmediatelylinkspecificextremeseasonstoclimatechange,alonger-termdecline(減少)inseaiceextentisexpectedfromthecurrentgenerationofclimatemodels.AtthebeginningofDecember2022,theAntarcticseaiceextentmatchedthepreviousall-timelowsetin2021.ThemostextremelosswasseeninthecentralandeasternBellingshausenSearegion,westoftheAntarcticPeninsulawheretherewasa100%lossofseaiceinNovember2022.Currentscientificevidencesuggeststhatextremeseaicelosseventslikethiswillbecomemorefrequentandwidespread.Emperorpenguinpopulationshaveneverbeensubjecttoextensivehunting,homeloss,overfishingorotherlocalanthropogenic(人為的)interactionsinthemodernera.Unusuallyforavertebrate(脊椎的)species,climatechangeisconsideredtheonlymajorfactorinfluencingtheirlong-termpopulationchange.Recenteffortstopredictemperorpenguinpopulationtrendsfromforecastsofseaicelosshavepaintedadarkpicture,showingthatifpresentratesofwarmingpersist,over90%ofthegroupswillbeextinctbytheendofthiscentury.Itisanotherwarningsignforhumanitythatwecannotcontinuedownthispath,andthatpoliticiansmustacttominimisetheeffectofclimatechange.Thereisnotimeleft.8.Whendoemperorpenguinsusuallyhatch?A.FromMaytoJune. B.FromJulytoAugust.C.Inthemonthsofsummer. D.Inthemonthsofautumn.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Antarcticseaicelossisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.B.Antarcticseaicelossisobviouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.C.Antarcticseaicelossreached100%inNovember2022.D.Antarcticseaicelossmakesemperorpenguinsindanger.10.WhichhasthemaineffectonEmperorpenguinpopulations?A.Hunting. B.Homeloss. C.Overfishing. D.Climatechange.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SeaIceLossandEcosystemDestructionB.UnderstandingEmperorPenguinGroupsC.TheEffectofLossofSeaIceonPenguinsD．TheImportanceofStoppingClimateChange〖答案〗8.B9.A10.D11.C【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了由于全球變暖，南極海冰不斷融化，帝企鵝賴以生存的環(huán)境受到很大威脅，它們很難完成后代繁殖，在未來幾十年可能面臨滅絕?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“EmperorpenguinsaredependentonstableseaicewheretheylayeggsinAntarcticwinterfromMaytoJune.Eggshatchafter65days(帝企鵝依靠穩(wěn)定的海冰在南極的冬季5月到6月產卵。65天后孵化)”可知，帝企鵝通常在產卵65天后孵化，也就是在7月到8月之間。故選B項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Since2016,Antarcticahasseenthefouryearswiththelowestseaiceextentsinthe45-yearsatelliterecord,withthetwolowestyearsin2021/22and2022/23.Between2018and2022,30%ofthe62knownemperorpenguingroupsinAntarcticawereaffectedbypartortotalseaiceloss....Currentscientificevidencesuggeststhatextremeseaicelosseventslikethiswillbecomemorefrequentandwidespread.(自2016年以來，南極洲經歷了45年衛(wèi)星記錄中海冰面積最低的四年，其中最低的兩年是2021/22年和2022/23年。在2018年至2022年期間，南極62個已知帝企鵝群體中有30%受到部分或全部海冰融化的影響?！壳暗目茖W證據(jù)表明，像這樣的極端海冰損失事件將變得更加頻繁和廣泛)”可知，目前南極洲海冰面積創(chuàng)歷史新低，影響了帝企鵝群體，且這一趨勢將持續(xù)，極端海冰損失事件將變得更頻繁和廣泛。因此，本段主要講了南極海冰的損失越來越嚴重。故選A項?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Emperorpenguinpopulationshaveneverbeensubjecttoextensivehunting,homeloss,overfishingorotherlocalanthropogenic(人為的)interactionsinthemodernera.Unusuallyforavertebrate(脊椎的)species,climatechangeisconsideredtheonlymajorfactorinfluencingtheirlong-termpopulationchange.(在現(xiàn)代，帝企鵝的數(shù)量從未受到大規(guī)模狩獵、家園喪失、過度捕撈或其他當?shù)厝藶橐蛩氐挠绊?。不同尋常的是，氣候變化被認為是影響脊椎動物種群長期變化的唯一主要因素)”可知，氣候變化是影響帝企鵝數(shù)量的主要因素。故選D項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Anewstudydiscussedthehighprobabilitythatnochickshadsurvivedfromfourofthefivemonitored(監(jiān)測)emperorpenguingroupsinAntarctic.Thesatelliteimagesshowedthelossofseaiceatbreeding(繁殖)sites,wellbeforechickswouldhavedevelopedwaterprooffeathers.(一項新的研究討論了在南極被監(jiān)測的五個帝企鵝群中，有四個很可能沒有小企鵝存活下來。衛(wèi)星圖像顯示，在雛鳥長出防水的羽毛之前，繁殖地的海冰就已經消失了)”可知，文章主要介紹了由于全球變暖，南極海冰不斷融化，帝企鵝賴以生存的環(huán)境受到很大威脅，它們很難完成后代繁殖，在未來幾十年可能面臨滅絕。因此，C項“海冰減少對企鵝的影響”符合文章大意，最適合作為標題。故選C項。DNewresearchexaminedthevideogaminghabitsof160public-schoolpreteenstudents(70%fromlowerincomehouseholds),whichrepresentsanagegrouplessstudiedinpreviousresearch.Participatingstudentsreportedplayingvideogamesanaverageof2.5hoursdaily,withthegroup’sheaviestgamersputtinginasmuchas4.5hourseachday.Theteamlookedforassociationbetweenthestudents’videogameplayandtheirperformanceonthestandardizedCognitiveAbilityTest7,knownasCogAT,whichevaluateslanguage,quantitativeandnon-languageskills.CogATwaschosenasastandardmeasure,incontrasttotheteacher-reportedgradesorself-reportedlearningassessmentsthatpreviousresearchprojectsreliedon.Overall,neithertimeofplaynorchoiceofvideogametypeshadobviousconnectionswiththeCogATmeasures.Thatresultshowednodirectlinkagebetweenvideogameplayingandcognitive(認知的)performance,despitewhathadbeenassumed.Butthestudyshowedanothersideoftheissue,too.Certaintypesofgamesdescribedtohelpchildrenbuildhealthycognitiveskillsalsopresentednomeasurableeffects,inspiteofthegamesmarketingmessages.Thecurrentstudyfoundthattypesofgameplaythatseemtoimprovecognitivefunctionsinyoungadultsdon’thavethesameeffectonmuchyoungerchildren,whichwasconsistentwithpreviousresearch.Doesthismeantheworldcanplayon?Maybe,theresearchsuggests.Buttheexpertsalsowarnthatgamingtimetooktheheaviestplayersawayfromothermoreproductiveactivities—homework,tobespecific—inaprocesspsychologistscalldisplacement.Buteveninthosecases,thedifferenceswereslightbetweenthoseparticipants’andtheirpeers’CogATmeasuresofcognitiveabilities.Thestudyresultsshowparentsprobablydon’thavetoworrysomuchaboutcognitivefailuresamongvideogame-lovingchildren,uptofifthgrade.ReasonableamountsofvideogamingshouldbeOK,whichwillbedelightfulnewsforthekids.Atleastnowweunderstandthatfindingbalanceinchildhooddevelopmentisthekey,andthere’snoneedforustoover-worryaboutvideogaming.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthenewresearchmentionedinthetext?A.Reportedgradesaretheonlystandardmeasure.B.Poorerstudentsareeasiertohavegamingaddictions.C.Mostpreteenstudentsplayvideogames4.5hoursdaily.D.ThereislittledirectrelationbetweengameplayandCogATresults.13.Whichstatementdidthepreviousstudyalsoindicate?A.Typesofgameplaymattersinchildren’scognitivedevelopment.B.Youngadultsaremoreaddictivetogames.C.Parentshaven’ttakengames’marketingmessagesseriously.D.Videogamescanhavenoeffectonchildren’scognitivefunctions.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displacement”inparagraph5describe?A.Thechangeofpositionofgameplayers.B.Thetimeusageofgameplayers.C.Thehomeworkcompletionofgameplayers.D.Thesocialranksofgameplayers.15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthemostimportantforchildren’sdevelopment?A.Interest. B.Imagination. C.Balance. D.Intelligence.〖答案〗12.D13.D14.B15.C【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項針對學齡前兒童的電子游戲習慣的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，游戲時間和游戲類型的選擇都與CogAT測量結果沒有明顯的聯(lián)系，因此在兒童五年級之前，父母可能不必太擔心喜歡電子游戲的孩子的認知能力下降，平衡是兒童發(fā)展中的關鍵，沒有必要過度擔心電子游戲?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Overall,neithertimeofplaynorchoiceofvideogametypeshadobviousconnectionswiththeCogATmeasures.Thatresultshowednodirectlinkagebetweenvideogameplayingandcognitive(認知的)performance,despitewhathadbeenassumed.(總的來說，游戲時間和電子游戲類型的選擇都與CogAT測量結果沒有明顯的聯(lián)系。與之前的假設不同，這一結果表明玩電子游戲和認知表現(xiàn)之間沒有直接聯(lián)系)”可知，根據(jù)新研究，玩電子游戲與CogAT結果之間幾乎沒有直接關系。故選D項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thecurrentstudyfoundthattypesofgameplaythatseemtoimprovecognitivefunctionsinyoungadultsdon’thavethesameeffectonmuchyoungerchildren,whichwasconsistentwithpreviousresearch.(目前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，似乎可以改善年輕人認知功能的游戲類型對年齡更小的孩子沒有同樣的效果，這與之前的研究一致)”可知，之前的研究也表明，電子游戲對兒童的認知功能沒有影響。故選D項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。displacement是定語從句中描述先行詞process的內容，表示“心理學家們把這一過程稱為displacement”，再結合畫線詞的上文“Buttheexpertsalsowarnthatgamingtimetooktheheaviestplayersawayfromothermoreproductiveactivities—homework,tobespecific(但專家們也警告說，玩游戲的時間會讓這些“重度玩家”遠離其他更有成效的活動，具體來說就是家庭作業(yè))”可知，這一過程指的是“重度玩家”將時間分配給玩游戲，而非做家庭作業(yè)這樣的更有成效的活動。因此，displacement描述的是游戲玩家的時間使用情況。故選B項?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ReasonableamountsofvideogamingshouldbeOK,whichwillbedelightfulnewsforthekids.Atleastnowweunderstandthatfindingbalanceinchildhooddevelopmentisthekey,andthere’snoneedforustoover-worryaboutvideogaming.(適量的電子游戲是可以的，這對孩子們來說是個好消息。至少現(xiàn)在我們明白，在兒童發(fā)展中找到平衡是關鍵，我們沒有必要過度擔心電子游戲)”可知，作者認為平衡對兒童發(fā)展是最重要的。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。LearnYourWater-crossingABCIfyouwanttosafelycrossabodyofwaterinthewilderness,youshouldknowyourwater-crossingABC’s.First,considerhowyouwillphysicallyaccessthewater.Lookforanentrypointthatoffersaneasyapproachtothewateritselfsoyourfirststepisn’ttheonethatsendsyouswimming.____16____Aclearpathwithouttoomuchdebris(碎片)willhelpgetyourcrossingofftoagoodstart.Next,considerthebottomoftheriverbedandwhatit’smadeof.Bigrockscanbeslipperyandeasiertomoveandshiftunderyourfeet,sotheyaren’tfitforsafecrossing.____17____Ifyoucan’twatchthebottomfromthebank,youshouldtakeacloserlookinashallow,slow-movingpartofthewater.There’salsothecurrenttoconsider.Todeterminespeed,throwastickintothewaterandwalkatyournormalspeedalongsideitonthebank.Ifthestickgoesaheadofyou,thewaterismovingtoofast,whichmeansit’snotsafetocrossthere.____18____Itisnecessarytotakeaccountofthedepth.Asarule,youwanttofindasafecrossingareawherethestreamonlycomesuptobelowyourknees.____19____Anditcaneasilyknockyouoffbalance,especiallyifthere’sacurrent.____20____Incaseyoufall,you’remorelikelytobesweptdownstream.Ifthere’sawaterfallnearby,fallenbranchesorlogs,stones,oranyobstacles(障礙)thatcouldtrapyouunderwaterorknockyouunconscious,pickanewplacetocross.Youmaynotalwaysfindtheperfectcrossingwhereallconditionsareperfect,butwithabitoftimeandeffort,youcanhopefullylocateanareawithabalanceyoufeelcomfortablewith.A.Startsearchingforadifferentspot.B.Preferashallowareawithoutasteepdrop-off.C.Youshouldalsobeawareofwhatawaitsahead.D.Predicthowthewaterwillchange.E.Asandorpebblewaterbedwillofferamorestablefooting.F.Youshouldcrosseverywaterwithcarefulness.G.Waterthatcomesabovethekneesismuchhardertowalkthrough.〖答案〗16.B17.E18.A19.G20.C【語篇導讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了穿越水域時，需要知道的一些基礎知識。【16題詳析】根據(jù)該部分的主題句“First,considerhowyouwillphysicallyaccessthewater.(首先，考慮你將如何進入水域)”和空格前的句子“Lookforanentrypointthatoffersaneasyapproachtothewateritselfsoyourfirststepisn’ttheonethatsendsyouswimming.(尋找一個容易接近水的入口，這樣你的第一步就不會讓你游泳了)”可知，此處是說要選擇合適的地點進入水域。所以，B項“Preferashallowareawithoutasteepdrop-off.(選擇沒有陡峭落差的淺水區(qū))”填入空格處，符合語境。故選B項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)該部分的主題句“Next,considerthebottomoftheriverbedandwhatit’smadeof.(接下來，考慮一下河床的底部和它的構成)”和空格前的句子“Bigrockscanbeslipperyandeasiertomoveandshiftunderyourfeet,sotheyaren’tfitforsafecrossing.(大石頭可能很滑，更容易在腳下移動和移動，所以它們不適合安全穿越)”可知，空格處的句子也應該涉及到河床的構成，所以E項“Asandorpebblewaterbedwillofferamorestablefooting.(沙或卵石河床將提供更穩(wěn)定的基礎)”填入空格處，符合語境。故選E項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)空格前的句子“Ifthestickgoesaheadofyou,thewaterismovingtoofast,whichmeansit’snotsafetocrossthere.(如果棍子走在你前面，說明水流太快，這意味著過河不安全)”可知，因水流太快，過河不安全。所以應該考慮選擇其它的地方過河。所以A項“Startsearchingforadifferentspot.(開始尋找一個不同的地方)”填入空格處，符合語境。故選A項?！?9題詳析】空格前的句子“Asarule,youwanttofindasafecrossingareawherethestreamonlycomesuptobelowyourknees.(一般來說，你想要找到一個安全的過河區(qū)域，這里的水流只到你的膝蓋以下)”是說，適合過河的水域，水深應該在膝蓋一下；而空格后的句子“Anditcaneasilyknockyouoffbalance,especiallyifthere’sacurrent.(它很容易讓你失去平衡，尤其是有激流的時候)”卻說，水流會讓你失去平衡，所以空格處的句子應該是說“水深超過膝蓋會怎么樣”，所以G項“Waterthatcomesabovethekneesismuchhardertowalkthrough.(膝蓋以上的水很難穿過)”填入空格處，符合語境。故選G項。【20題詳析】空格處是該部分的主題句。根據(jù)空格后的句子“Incaseyoufall,you’remorelikelytobesweptdownstream.Ifthere’sawaterfallnearby,fallenbranchesorlogs,stones,oranyobstacles(障礙)thatcouldtrapyouunderwaterorknockyouunconscious,pickanewplacetocross.(萬一你掉下去，你更有可能被沖到下游。如果附近有瀑布、掉落的樹枝、木頭、石頭或任何可能把你困在水下或把你打暈的障礙物，那就換一個新的地方過河)”可知，該部分主要是說“你應該預知會發(fā)生什么事”，所以，C項“Youshouldalsobeawareofwhatawaitsahead.(你也應該知道前方等待你的是什么)”填入空格處，符合語境。故選C項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Womeninatraditionalfamily,whetherworkornot,aren’tveryfortunatebecausetheymustdothehousework.Whyisthat____21____?Becauseyoucannevercooksomethingthateveryoneinthefamilywillbe____22____with.Everyonehastheirlikesanddislikeswhenitcomesto____23____.Youhaveto____24____whattocook,butyouwillneverbeabletosatisfyeveryone.Thistaskofcookingcausedmy____25____todropsomuchthatmostofthetimeIthoughtIwouldneverbeabletodoanythingwellenough.IwasalwayssureIcouldn’tdomyfavouritething,____26____,withthisfear.ThatwasuntilIreadthewordsofafamouswriter,“Forgetyour____27____audience.”Whathetaughtmeisthatinsteadof____28____alltheaudience,it’senoughtosatisfyjustoneperson.MaybehisadvicehasmoreordifferentcontentthanI____29____,butit’scompletely_____30_____forme.IfIweretocookonlyforoneperson,Icouldcooksomethingsheorhe_____31_____,andIwouldget_____32_____onmycookingatleastonce.Thesameis_____33_____forwriting.Iwroteashortstoryformysister,a_____34_____audiencethatdoesn’tscaremeandgivesmeenoughmotivationtowrite.Most_____35_____,itmademedowhatIlove,whichiswriting.21.A.unbelievable B.unlucky C.unknown D.uncommon22.A.bored B.familiar C.content D.popular23.A.cuisines B.lifestyles C.customs D.roles24.A.thinkabout B.leaveout C.payfor D.adaptto25.A.pressure B