祈使句語法及練習題及祈使句習題及答案

祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、請求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語you常省略，謂語動詞用原形，句末用感嘆號或句號，讀降調(diào)。

1.

肯定的祈使句

（1）動詞原形+其他

Stand

up,

please.

=

Please

stand

up.

請起立。

（2）Be

+

n./adj.

Be

a

good

boy!

要做一個好孩子!

Be

careful!

=

Look

out!

=

Take

care!

小心

/

當心！

（3）Let

+

賓語

+

動詞原形

+

其它成分

Let

me

help

you.

讓我來幫你。

Let’s

go

to

school

together.

咱們一起上學去吧。

2.

否定的祈使句

(1)

Don't

+

動詞原形

Don't

stand

up.

別站起來。

Don't

be

careless.

別粗心。

Don't

let

them

play

with

fire.

別讓他們玩火。

（2）Let型的否定式有兩種:“Don't

+

let

+

賓語

+

動詞原形

+

其它成分”和“Let

+

賓語

+

not

+

動詞原形

+

其它成分”。

Don't

let

him

go.

/

Let

him

not

go.

別讓他走。

Let

them

not

play

with

fire.

別讓他們玩火。

（3）no開頭,用來表示禁止性的祈使句。

No

smoking!

禁止吸煙!No

fishing!

禁止釣魚!

3.

祈使句的強調(diào)形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助動詞Do。

例如：Do

shut

up!

快住口！

4.

祈使句的回答

祈使句的動作通常是表示將來發(fā)生的動作，所以回答祈使句時，一般用

will或won’t。

在回答具有否定意義的祈使句時，要注意兩點：

形式一致(即Yes與will保持一致；No與won’t保持一致)

意思相反(即Yes是

“不”的意思；No是

“是”的意思)。

在回答時，要注意分析上下文語境中所提供的條件。

如：---

Don’t

go

out,

please.

It’s

raining

heavily

outside.

請不要出去。外面雨下得很大。

----

Yes,

I

will.

I

have

to

meet

my

brother

at

the

airport.

不行，我得去機場接我弟弟。

5.

祈使句的反意疑問句

(1)

肯定祈使句的反意疑問句反問部分用will

you

或won't

you。

Please

open

the

door,

will/

won’t

you?

請把門打開，好嗎？

(2)

否定祈使句的反意疑問句反問部分只用will

you。

Don't

be

late

again,

will

you?

別再遲到了，行不行？

(3)

以let's開頭的祈使句反意疑問句反問部分用shall

we。

Let's

turn

on

the

TV,

shall

we?

我們把電視打開，好嗎？

<特別注意>

只有以let's開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句的反問部分才用shall

we，而let

us

開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句的反問部分應(yīng)為will

you或won't

you.如：Let

us

stay

here,

will/

won't

you?

請（你）讓我們留在這好嗎？祈使句專項練習一.

用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空。

1.

It’s

an

important

meeting.

_________________

(not,

be

)late.

2.

________________

(not,make)

any

nise!

Your

mother

is

sleeping.

3.

________________

(not,

speak)

with

your

mouth

full

of

food

and

_________

(be)

polite.

4.

________________

(

not,

talk)

and

____________

(read)

aloud.

5.

_______________

(not,leave)

your

homework

for

tomorrow,

Larry.

6.

________________

(look)

out!

A

car

is

coming.

7.

_______________

(give)

us

ten

years

and

just

see

what

our

country

will

be

like.

8.

________________

(not,

let)

the

baby

cry.

9.

Wear

more

clothes

or

you

____________

(catch)

a

cold.

10.

Let’s

_______________

(not,

say)

anything

about

it.

二、單項選擇

1.

The

TV

is

too

loud.

Please________.

A.

turn

it

down

B.

to

turn

it

down

C.

turn

down

it

D.

to

turn

down

it

2.

_______

late

again,

Bill!

A.

Don't

to

be

B.

Don't

be

C.

Not

be

D.

Be

not

3.

___

cross

the

road

until

the

traffic

lights

turn

green.

A.

Not

B.

Won't

C.

Doesn't

D.

Don't

4.

Please

help

me

carry

it,

______?

A.

will

I

B.

will

you

C.

shall

I

D.

shall

we

5.

Don't

make

so

much

noise,

______?

A.

will

you

B.

won't

you

C.

shall

we

D.

do

you

6.

Do

you

know

the

girl

______under

the

tree?

A.

stand

B.

to

stand

C.

standing

D.

stood

7.

Kate,

_______

your

homework

here

tomorrow.

A.

bring

B.

brings

C.

to

bring

D.

bringing

8.

________

me

the

truth,

or

I'll

be

angry.

A.

Telling

B.

To

tell

C.

Told

D.

Tell

9.

I've

kept

the

dog

_______Maomao

for

a

long

time.

A.

Name

B.

named

C.

naming

D.

to

name

10.

Don't

you

know

that

__

is

good

for

our

health?

A.

swimB.

swimming

C.

swam

D.

swims

11

.Her

doctor

said:

“________

work

so

hard”

A

Stop

B

Don’t

C

Can’t

D

No

12.

Sindy,

________

to

be

here

at

8

o’clock

A

is

sure

B

is

sure

that

C

will

be

sure

D

be

sure

13.________

when

you

cross

the

road.

A

Do

care

B

Care

C

Do

be

careful

D

To

be

careful

14.

________him

the

secret,

will

you?

A

Don’t

tell

B

Not

to

tell

C

Not

telling

D

No

telling

15.

________

in

bed.

It’s

bad

for

your

eyes.

A

Not

to

read

B

Don’t

read

C

Don’t

to

read

D

Not

read

16.

________

Your

child.

We’ll

look

after

him.

A

Not

to

worry

about

B

Don’t

worry

about

C

Not

worry

for

D

Don’t

worry

with

17.They

are

very

tired.

Why

________

have

a

rest?

A

not

they

B

do

not

they

C

don’t

they

D

not

to

18

--You

look

rather

tired.

________

stopping

to

have

a

rest?

--

All

right.

A

Why

not

B

How

about

C

Why

not

to

D

why

don’t

19

______

tell

a

lie.

A

Hardly

B

Not

C

No

D

Never

20.Please

________

look

outside.

Look

at

the

blackboard.

A

not

B

don’t

C

aren’t

D

can’t

三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1.

Will

you

please

read

it

again

more

slowly?

（改為祈使句）

_______

________

again

more

slowly,

please.

2.

If

you

don't

listen

to

me,

I'll

go.

（改為同義句）

________

________me,

or

I’ll

go.

3.

Let's

watch

the

sports

games.

（改為反意疑問句）

Let's

watch

the

sports

games,

_______

_____?

4.

The

teachers

often

tell

the

students

not

to

be

careless.

（改為祈使句）

_______

_______careless,

please.

5.

Please

sit

next

to

Nancy.

（改為否定句）

_______

_______

next

to

Nancy.

6.

Don't

forget

to

turn

off

the

lights,

please.

（改為反意疑問句）

Don't

forget

to

turn

off

the

lights,

_______

_______?

7.

If

you

move,

you'll

die.

（改為同義句）

_______

______,

or

you'll

die.

8.

Come

to

my

house

tomorrow.

（改為反意疑問句）

Come

to

my

house

tomorrow,

_______

_______?

9.

這是一個壞了的被子。

（翻譯句子）

This

is

a

________

________.

10.

讓我們?nèi)蛶湍莻€哭泣的女孩吧。

（翻譯句子）

Let’s

go

and

help

the

_______

_______,

please.

四、將下列漢語翻譯成英語。

1.

請照看好您的包。

___________________________________________.

2.

讓我們?nèi)W校吧!

____________________________________________!

3.

親愛的,高興點兒!

____________________________________________!

4.

不要把書放這兒。

____________________________________________.

5.

不要讓貓進來。

____________________________________________.

參考答案

一、填空題

1.Dont’t

be

2.

Dont’t

make

3.

Dont’t

speak

be

4.

Don’t

talk

read

5.

Don’t

leave

6.

Look

7.

Give

8.

Don’t

let

9.

catch

10.

not

_say

二、單選題

1-5.

ABDBA

6-10.

CADBB

11-15

BADAD

16-20

BDADB

三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1.

Read

it

2.

Listen

to

3.

shall

we

4.

Don’t

be

5.

Don’t

sit

6.

will

you

7.

Don’t

move

8.

will

/

won’t

you

9.

broken

glass

/

cup

10.

crying

girl

四、翻譯Key:

1.

Please

look

after

your

bag.

2.

Let's

go

to

school.

3.

Be

glad,

dear

4.

Don't

put

the

book

here

.

5.

Don't

let

the

cat

come

in

/

Let

the

cat

not

come

in

1.TheTVistooloud.Please________.A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit2._______lateagain,Bill!A.Don'ttobeB.Don'tbeC.NotbeD.Benot3._______crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.NotB.Won'tC.Doesn'tD.Don't4.Pleasehelpmecarryit,______?A.willIB.willyouC.shallID.shallwe5.Don'tmakesomuchnoise,______?A.willyouB.won'tyouC.shallweD.doyou6.Doyouknowthegirl______underthetree?A.standB.tostandC.standingD.stood7.Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.BringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing8.________methetruth,orI'llbeangry.A.TellingB.TotellC.ToldD.Tell9.I'vekeptthedog_______Maomaoforalongtime.A.NameB.namedC.NamingD.toname10.Don'tyouknowthat_______isgoodforourhealth?A.SwimB.swimmingC.SwamD.swims句型轉(zhuǎn)換11.Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly?(改為祈使句)___read____it__againmoreslowly,please.12.Ifyoudon'tlistentome,I'llgo.(改為同義句)__________me,orI'llgo