2023-2024學(xué)年譯林版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)Unit 4 知識(shí)清單教案

2023-2024學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)單元知識(shí)清單Unit4Doityourself一、ComicstripandWelcometotheunit．1．Doityourself．你親手做．2．Hereareclearinstructions．這兒是清晰的說(shuō)明。3．You’dbettergetsometools． 最好拿些工具。 【you’dbetter=youhadbetter】★【重點(diǎn)】hadbetter為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為：最好；句型有：①hadbetterdosth．最好做某事②hadbetternotdosth．最好不要做某事4．Noproblem．沒(méi)問(wèn)題。5．Itsays“Doityourself．”上面說(shuō)(寫著）：你自己做。6．bepopularamong/withyoungpeople在年輕人中受歡迎 7．---What’sDIYexactly?---準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)DIY是什么?---Itstandsfor“doityourself”．----它代表著“doityourself”。8．WhenyoudoDIY,youmake,repairordecoratethingsyourselfinsteadofpayingsomeonetodoit．當(dāng)你自己做的時(shí)候，你制作，修理或者你自己裝飾東西，而不付錢請(qǐng)人做。 ★【重點(diǎn)】①insteadof代替，而不是Eg:Iwillgoswimminginsteadofgoingfishingtomorrow．=Iwillnotgofishingtomorrow,Iwillgoswimminginstead．=Iwillnotgofishingtomorrow．Instead,Iwillgoswimming．②paysb．(money)todosth．付錢給某人請(qǐng)他做某事Eg:Iwillpayhim300yuantohelpmecleanmyhouse．9．makesomepaperroses做一些紙玫瑰10．soundlovely聽起來(lái)很可愛(ài)（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）11．a(chǎn)pairofscissors一把剪刀12．enjoymakingsomethingnew喜愛(ài)做新東西二、Reading1．MycousinAndrewiscrazyaboutDIY．★【重點(diǎn)】becrazyabout(doing)sth．癡迷于（做）某事=like/enjoy(doing)sth．verymuch2．lookterrible看起來(lái)可怕（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）【terrible(adj．)→terribly(adv．)】3．trytoputinabrighterlight嘗試著安裝一盞更加明亮的燈4．★makeamistake犯?jìng)€(gè)錯(cuò)誤【主語(yǔ)為人，常用于指人制造的錯(cuò)誤】【mistake除做名詞外還可做動(dòng)詞:誤認(rèn)為→mistook(過(guò)去式)】【拓展】①mistakeAforB將A誤認(rèn)為是BEg:IoftenmistakeLucyforLily．Theylookthesame．②takesth．bymistake誤拿了某物Eg．ItookTom’sEnglishbookbymistakeyesterday．昨天我誤拿了Tom的英語(yǔ)書．5．haveapowercut停電6．putupapictureonhisbedroomwall把一幅畫懸掛在臥室的墻上【區(qū)分】putup懸掛;張貼;搭建;舉起putin安裝put．．．a(chǎn)way把．．．．．放好putout撲滅puton穿上putoff推遲;延期 7．★filltheroomwithwater把臥室裝滿水【fill(vt．)→full(adj．)】【重點(diǎn)】①fill．．．．with．．．．．用．．．．．．把．．．．．．裝滿【主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)】②．．．befilledwith．．．【被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)】=befullofEg:Thebottleis/wasfilledwithwater．=Thebottleis/wasfullofwater．8．paintthehouseblue把房子涂成藍(lán)色9．keeponpainting繼續(xù)粉刷【keep(on)doingsth．保持一直做某事】10．Nowthelivingroomhasnotonlybluewallsbutalsoablueceilingandfloor．【重點(diǎn)】①notonly．．．butalso．．．．不但．．．．而且．．．．．【常與both．．．a(chǎn)nd．．．．同義轉(zhuǎn)化】Eg:MrYangisnotonlymyteacherbutalsomyfriend．=MrYangisbothmyteacherandmyfriend．②★特別注意：當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),notonly．．．butalso．．．符合謂語(yǔ)就近的原則。Eg:Notonlyyoubutalsoheiscrazyaboutdecoratinghouses．=Bothyouandhearecrazyaboutdecoratinghouses．11．spendfivehoursputtinguptheshelfonthewall花5個(gè)小時(shí)將架子掛到墻上12．Oneendoftheshelfwasmuchhigherthantheother．架了的一頭比另一頭高得多。13．IadvisedhimtotakeacourseinDIY．我建議他去上一門有關(guān)DIY的課程?！铩局攸c(diǎn)】①advisesb．(not)todosth．建議某人（不要）做某事Eg:adviseusnottoswimintheriver建議我們不要在河里游泳②advice不可數(shù)名詞【另外tip,suggestion表建議時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞】apieceofadvice一條建議givesb．someadviceonhowtolearnEnglish給某人一些關(guān)于如何學(xué)英語(yǔ)的建議14．makehimangry使他生氣【make+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞作賓補(bǔ)】15．a(chǎn)ttendlessons=havelessons上課【attend(vt．/vi．):經(jīng)常去/出席(不一定是活動(dòng)的主體)】Eg:attendthemeeting參加會(huì)議;attendthewedding出席婚禮16．IknowmuchmoreaboutDIYthanmycousin．我比我的表哥對(duì)DIY了解的多得多。 17．Suzy’scousinfailtoputinanewlightinhisbedroom．【回顧】failtodosth．fail(in)sth．failindoingsth．18．getbetteratDIY在DIY方面變得更好 三、Grammar【語(yǔ)法】A．祈使句。（一）祈使句表示命令、警告、提醒、建議、請(qǐng)求、叮囑、號(hào)召等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形，其否定形式就是在句首加Don't。（二）祈使句一般有四種類型：(1)行為動(dòng)詞類型：Openthedoor，please!請(qǐng)把門打開！Don'topenthedoor，please!請(qǐng)不要開門！(2)以let開頭的祈使句：Letmegothere．讓我去那兒吧。(3)“Be+形容詞”類型：Becareful!小心！(4)“No+名詞／動(dòng)名詞”類型：Nosmoking!禁止吸煙!（三）祈使句的反義疑問(wèn)句的簡(jiǎn)略疑問(wèn)句，一般用willyou?Eg:Don’tsmokehere,willyou?Letusgoswimming,willyou?讓我們?nèi)ビ斡?，你同意嗎？（我們?nèi)ビ斡?，你不參加）★但是Let’s…．句型后加shallwe?Eg:Let’sgoswimmingtogether,shallwe?(都去）【語(yǔ)法】B．用should，hadbetter等提建議。(一)Wouldyoulike／love(todo)sth．?這是一個(gè)很委婉的表示建議的句型，并帶有與對(duì)方商量的意味，意為“你想要（做）……嗎？”。(二)ShallI／wedosth．？(三)Let'sdosth．當(dāng)你覺(jué)得可以直截了當(dāng)?shù)叵驅(qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh，讓對(duì)方和自己一起去做某事時(shí)，常用該句型，意為“咱們做……吧?！痹摼湫秃蟪＜痈郊訂?wèn)句“shallwe?”，使語(yǔ)氣更加委婉。(四)Whydon'tyou/wedosth．？=Whynotdosth．?表示向?qū)Ψ教岢鲆环N建議或詢問(wèn)某種原因，暗含有責(zé)備對(duì)方的意思，意為“為什么不……？”。(五)What/Howabout(doing)sth．?如果是在討論式的談話中，可用該句型提出一個(gè)建議或引出一個(gè)新話題。(六)★Youshould(not)do．．．,此句型意為“你（不）應(yīng)該做……”。should的語(yǔ)氣比hadbetter要委婉。(七)★主語(yǔ)+hadbetter(not)dosth．．該句型用于表示對(duì)下級(jí)、晚輩的勸告，往往帶有命令、強(qiáng)制的語(yǔ)氣，意為“某人最好（不要）做某事”?！菊Z(yǔ)法】C．重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)和句型。1．Cutoutpiecesofcardwithapairofscissors．用剪刀剪出紙片。2．ontheothersideofthecard在卡片的另一面3．giveup放棄【重點(diǎn)】①giveupdoingsth．放棄做某事Eg:giveupsmoking=stopsmoking戒煙②giveup動(dòng)副詞組（代詞放中間）eg:giveit/themup4．keeptrying不停地嘗試【keep(on)doingsth．保持一直做某事】四、Integratedskills1．howtomakeafruitsalad如何做一個(gè)水果色拉2．mixthemtogether把它們混合起來(lái)【mixed形容詞：混合的；mixture名詞：混合物】3．Cutsomeofthelargerfruitintosmallpieces．將一些大片的水果切成小片。4．a(chǎn)ddAtoB將A添加到B里面eg:Pleaseaddsomemilktothetea．5．tipsformakingafruitsalad做水果色拉的提示/建議=advice/suggestionsonmakingafruitsalad6．usefruitinseason使用當(dāng)季水果7．makesureitisfresh．確保它是新鮮的。【make/besure+(that)賓語(yǔ)從句】8．usefruitofdifferentcolours用不同顏色的水果9．makeyourfruitsaladlookasgoodasittastes讓你的水果色拉色味俱佳10．【重點(diǎn)】①forexample例如【后面有逗號(hào)，常接一個(gè)具體的事例】Wearefacingmanyproblems．Forexample,noiseisoneofthem．②suchas例如【前面有逗號(hào)，后面沒(méi)有逗號(hào)，常接多個(gè)并列的例子】suchas常轉(zhuǎn)化為like像(但like前后均無(wú)逗號(hào)）Eg:Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasswimming,running,playingchessandsoon．11．makethesaladlookcolourful使沙拉看上去五彩繽紛12．preparethefruitsalad準(zhǔn)備水果沙拉【區(qū)分】①preparesth．準(zhǔn)備某物②prepareforsth．=getreadyforsth．為某事而做好準(zhǔn)備工作13．leaveitintheairforsometime將它放在空氣中一段時(shí)間【重點(diǎn)】①leavesb．a(chǎn)lone=leavesb．byoneself將某人單獨(dú)留下②leavethewindowopen使窗戶處于開著的狀態(tài)【leave+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞作賓補(bǔ)】③leavethelighton讓燈一直開④leavethewaterrunning

讓水一直流淌14．Aresandwichesquickandeasytomake?三明治做起來(lái)又快又容易嗎?→It’seasyandquicktomakesandwiches．三明治做起來(lái)又快又容易．五、Studyskills形容詞前綴un/in/im+形容詞→構(gòu)成形容詞的反義詞。un--un--certainuncertainusualunusualsureunsureimportantunimportantcomfortableuncomfortableluckyunluckyinterestinguninterestingkindunkindhappyunhappyableunablein--im--activeinactive(不積極的)patientimpatient(沒(méi)有耐心的)correctincorrect(不正確的)possibleImpossible(不可能的)direct(直接的)indirect(間接的)politeimpolite(不禮貌的)expensiveinexpensive(便宜的)formal(正式的)informal(非正式的)dis--honestdishonest重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)和句型。1．dooutdoorsports做戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)2．Itisunusualformetostayathomeallday對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)整天呆在家里是不尋常的。3．Itisimpossibletosleepwithallthatnoise．與那噪音同眠是不可能的。 4．beableto=can能夠【beunableto=benotableto=can’t】5．I’mcertainabouthowtodoit．我確定如何做這件事?！緐nsure=uncertain不確定的】①becertain/sureaboutsth．②becertain/suretodosth．③becertain/sure+(that)賓語(yǔ)從句6．a(chǎn)lloverthefloor遍地都是7．tidy(it)up把(它)整理好【動(dòng)副詞組】8．rightnow立刻，此刻，目前=atonce(立刻)=atthemoment（此刻）六、Task1．makeherabirthdaycardbymyself我自己獨(dú)自給她做一張生日卡片【makesb