英語語法重點講解專題復習培訓課件

匯報人：XX2024-02-03英語語法重點講解專題復習培訓課件目錄GrammarFundamentalsUsageofNounsandArticlesAnalysisofVerbTenseandVoiceThecomparativesuperlativeapplicationofobjectivesandadvertisements目錄Theuseofsubjunctivemoodinvariousclauses01GrammarFundamentalsNounsNamingwordsforpeople,places,things,orideasTheycanfunctionassubjects,objects,orcompletenessinasenseVerbsActionorstateofbeingwordsthatexpresswhatthesubjectofapresenceisdoingoris.TheyarethemainpartofthepredictionAdjectivesDescribingwordsthatmodifynounsorpromoteadditionalinformationabouttheircharacteristicsorqualitiesAdvantageousDescribingwordsthatmodifyverbs,objections,orotheradvertisements,providinginformationabouthow,when,where,ortowhatextentanactionorconditionoccurs01020304PartofspeechanditsfunctionsABCDSubjectThenounornounphrasethatperformstheactionorisexpressedinthestatebytheverbComplexAword,phrase,orclausethatcompletesthemeaningofasubject,verb,orobjectiveObjectAnounornounphrasethatreceivestheactionoftheverborcompletesthemeaningofapropositionPredictTheverborverbphrasethatexpressestheactionorstateofbeingofthesubjectSentencecomponentsandstructureConsistofasubjectandapredicate,expressingacompletethoughtSimplesensesConsistoftwoormoreindependentclaimsjoinedbyacoordinatingjunctionorasemiconductorCompoundsensesContainanindependentclaimandatleastonedependentclaim,whichcanbeanonclaim,objectiveclaim,oradverseclaimComplexsensesCombinethefeaturesofcompoundandcomplexsenses,containingtwoormoreindependentclausesandatleastonedependentclauseCompoundcomplexsensesBasicpresencepatternsandextensionsVSExpressionstimerelationshipsinverbs,indicatingwhenanactionorstateofbeingoccurringThemaintensionsinEnglisharepresent,past,andfutureVoiceReferstotherelationshipbetweenthesubjectofaverbandtheactionexpressedbythatverbThetwovoicesinEnglishareactiveandpassiveIntheactivevoice,thesubjectperformstheaction,whileinthepassivevoice,thesubjectreceivestheactionTenseOverviewofTenseandVoice02UsageofNounsandArticlesDeterminingwhichanouniscountableoruncountable:UnderstandingthedifferencebetweencountableanduncountablenounsiscriticalforaccurateusageCountablenounshavebothsingularandpluralforms,whileuncountablenounsdonotIdentifyingthegenderofnouns:Insomelanguages,nounsareassignedagender(masculine,feminine,orneuter)WhileEnglishdoesnothaveagrammaticalgender,itisimportanttobeawareofgenderspecificnouns,specificallywhenusingpronounsRecognizingnounpropertiesandcategories:Nounscanbeclassifiedintodifferentcategoriesbasedontheirproperties,suchasanimalvs.inanimate,abstractvs.concrete,andcommonvs.propertyUnderstandingthesecategorieshelpsinchoosingtheappropriatenounforagivencontextJudgmentonthenumberandpropertiesofnounsDeterminingtheappropriatearticleforanoun:Articlesareusedtointroducenounsandindicatewhichnounisspecificorgeneral,singularorpluralThechoiceofarticle(a/an,the,ornoarticle)dependsonthecontextandthenoun'spropertiesUsingarticleswithcountableanduncountablenouns:Countablenounstypicallyrequireanarticle,whileuncountablenounsdonotHowever,thereareexceptionstothisrule,anditisimportanttobeafamilywiththemMasteringtheuseofdefineanddefinearticles:Thedefinearticle"the"isusedtorefertospecificnounsthathavebeenmentionedbeforeorareuniqueinsomewayThedefinearticle"a/an"isusedtorefertogeneralornon-specificnounsRulesandTechniquesforUsingArticlesUnderstandingnounphrasestructureAnounphraseisagroupofwordsthatfunctionsasanouninasenseIttypicallyincludesanounandanymodifiersthatdescribeorquantifyit.AnalyzingnounphraseshelpsinunderstandingtheroleandfunctionofnounsinpresenceIdentifyingclausetypesandstructuresClaimsaregroupsofwordsthatcontainasubjectandaverbandcanfunctionasindependentintentionsoraspartsoflargerintentionsUnderstandingclausetypes(independent,dependent,non,objective,advisory)andstructures(simple,complex,complex)areessentialforanalyzingandconstructingcomplexsentencesAnalysisofnounphrasesandclausestructuresMissingcountableanduncountablenouns:OnecommonerrorisusingcountablenounswithoutanarticleorusinguncountablenounswithaninappropriatearticleTocorrectthiserror,itisimportanttoidentifythenoun'scountabilityandchoosetheappropriatearticleaccordinglyConfusingdefineanddefinearticles:AnothercommonerrorisConfusingtheuseofdefineanddefinearticlesToavoidthiserror,itisimportanttounderstandthedifferencebetweenspecificandgeneralreferencesandchoosetheappropriatearticlebasedonthecontextIncorrectnounagreement:Sometimes,writersmayusepronounsthatdonotagreewiththenounstheyarereferringtointermsofnumberorgenderTocorrectthiserror,itisimportanttoensurethatthepronounmatchesthenouninbothnumberandgenderIncorrectuseofApostropheswithnouns:Apostrophesareoftenmisusedwithnouns,specificallywhenindicatingasessionToavoidthiserror,itisimportanttounderstandthecorrectuseofapostropheswithnounsandapplytherulesconsistentlyCommontypesoferrorsandcorrectionmethods03AnalysisofVerbTenseandVoiceDescribeactionsorstatesthatarehappeningnoworthatareongoingPresenttensePasttenseFuturetenseDescribesactionsorstatesthathavealreadyhappenedDescribeactionsorstatesthatwillhappeninthefuture030201Comparisonofpresenttense,pasttense,andfuturetense123Usedtoexpressanactionthathasbeencompletedinthepast,present,orfuturePerfecttenseUsedtoexpressanactionthatisinprogressorcontinuousProgressivetenseCombinetheperfectandprogressivetensetoexpressanactionthatwillcontinueuptoacertainpointinthefutureCompleteProgressivetenseApplicationofPerfect,Progressive,andCompleteProgressiveTenseThepassivevoiceisformedbyusingtheappropriateformoftheverb"tobe"followedbythepastparticleofthemainverbFormatSentencesintheactivevoicecanbetransformedintothepassivevoicebymakingtheobjectoftheactionthesubjectofthepresenceandusingtheappropriateformoftheverb"tobe"followedbythepastparticleofthemainverbTransformationPassivevoiceformationandtransformationtechniquesTheinfinitiveformofaverbisusuallypreemptedby"to"andfunctionsasanoun,objective,orverbinasenseAgerundisaverbformendingin"-ing"thatfunctionsasanouninasenseAparticleisaverbformthatfunctionsasanobjectiveandisusedtomodifynounsorpronounsinasenseTherearetwotypesofparticles:presentparticles(endingin"-ing")andpastparticles(variableendingsdependingontheverb)InfinitivesGerundParticlesTheuseofinfinities,gerund,andparticlesinverbs04ThecomparativesuperlativeapplicationofobjectivesandadvertisementsThecomparativestructureofobjectivesandadvertisementsintheiroriginalformdoublethefinalconsistentandadd"-er"or"-est,"suchas"big-bigger-big."Adjectivesandadvertiseme…generallyadd"-er"or"-est"toformthecomparativeandsuperlativedegrees,suchas"fastfastfastfast."Onesyllableobjectionsandadvertisementschange"-y"to"-i"andadd"-er"or"-est,"suchas"happyhappyhappyhappyhappy."Twosyllableadvertisement…Irregularformssomeobjectivesandadvertisementshaveirregularcomparativeandsuperiorforms,suchas"goodbetterbest.""Useof"more"and"most"foradvisorsandadvisorswiththreeormoresymmetries,orthatdonotfollowthegeneralrules,"more"and"most"areusedtoformthecomparativeandsuperlativedegrees,suchas"beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful.""ComparativeandsuperiorformvariationpatternsSelectionbasedonpartofspeechobjectivesaregenerallyusedtomodifynouns,whileadvertisementsareusedtomodifyverbs,objectives,orotheradvertisementsCollaborationwithpreparationscervicalpreparationsareoftenusedwithcomparativeandsuperiorforms,suchas"than"withthecomparativeand"in"or"of"withthesuperiorUsageinsensescomparativeformsareoftenusedinsenseswithacomparativestructure,whilesuperlativeformsareusedtoexpressthehighestdegreewithinacertainrangeModifycomparativeandsuperiorwordselectionIncorrectformusage:suchasusingthewrongformof"-er"or"-est"foradvisorsandadvisors,orusing"more"or"most"incorrectlyTocorrectthis,familiarizeyourselfwiththerulesforformingcomparativeandsuperlativedegreesIncorrectwordselection:suchasusinganadvisorytomodifyaverboranadvisorytomodifyanounToavoidthis,understandthedifferencebetweenobjectivesandadvertisementsandtheircorrespondingfunctionsCorrectsettlement:suchasusingthewrongpositionwithacomparativeorsuperiorform.Tocorrectthis,learnthecommonsettlementswithcomparativeandsuperior