課標版高考英語二輪復習-突破提升練(八)

課標版高考二輪復習課標版高考二輪復習突破提升練(八)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2018吉林省吉林市第三次調研,C)InEnglishtheskyisblue,andthegrassisgreen.ButinVietnamesethereisjustonecolorcategoryforbothskyandgrass:xanh.Fordecadescognitive(認知)scientistshavepointedtosuchexamplesasevidencethatlanguagelargelydetermineshowweseecolors.Butnewresearchwithfour-tosix-month-oldbabiesindicatesthatlongbeforewelearnlanguage,weseeuptofivebasiccategoriesofcolors—afindingthatsuggestsastrongerbiologicalelementtoperceive(感知)colorthanpreviouslythought.Thestudy,publishedrecentlyintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,testedthecolor-discriminationabilitiesofmorethan170Britishbabies.ResearchersattheUniversityofSussexinEnglandmeasuredhowlongbabiesspentstaringatcolorswatches,asystemknownaslookingtime.Firstbabieswereshowedoneswatchrepeatedlyuntiltheirlookingtimedecreased—asigntheyhadgrownboredwithit.Thentheresearchersshowedthemadifferentsampleandnotedtheirreaction.Longerlookingtimeswereexplainedtomeanthebabiesconsideredthesecondsampletobeanewcolor.Theirincreasingresponsesshowedthattheydistinguishedamongfivecolors:red,green,blue,purpleandyellow.“Thefindingsuggestsyoucomebynaturetomakecolordistinctions,butgivenyourcultureandlanguage,certaindistinctionsmayormaynotbeused.”explainstheleadauthorAliceSkelton,adoctoralstudentatSussex.“Thestudysystematicallyexploredbabies’colorperception,showinghowweperceivecolorsbeforewehavethewordstodescribethem,”saysAngelaM.Brown,anexperimentalpsychologistattheOhioStateUniversity’sCollegeofOptometry,whowasnotinvolvedwiththenewresearch.Theresultsaddanewchallengetothelongnature-versus-nurture(先天與后天)debateandtheso-calledSapirWhorfhypothesis(假設)—theideathatthewayweseetheworldisshapedbylanguage.Infuturework,Skeltonandhercolleaguesareinterestedintestingbabiesfromothercultures.“Thewaylanguageandcultureinteractisareallyinterestingquestion,”shesays.“Wedon’tyetknowtheexactsystems,butwedoknowhowwestartoff.”

1.What’sthefindingofthenewresearch?A.Itclarifieswhatmakesbabiesperceivecolors.B.Itproveshuman’scolorrecognitionisinborn.C.Itfindshowmanycolorsbabiescanperceive.D.Itshowsthecolorcultureisshapedbylanguage.2.Accordingtothenewresearch,wecanlearnthat.

A.swatchesaffectbabiesinmemoryandattentionB.longerlookingtimesarebasedonthepsychologyC.researchersdeterminebabies’colorperceptionD.babiescantellthedifferencesofsomecolors3.InParagraph5,theword“interact”probablymeans.

A.experience B.introduceC.influence D.imagine4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.RainbowintheBaby’sWorldB.AJourneytotheWorldofColorsC.ANewChallenge:LanguageVSCultureD.DifferentBabies,DifferentColorPerceptionⅡ.七選五(2018廣東廣州二模)Marywentthroughapersonalexperience40yearsagothatchangedherlifepathandestablishedherconnectionwithChineseherbalmedicines.Stillchildlessafter13yearsofmarriage,Marylongedtobecomeamother.Foryearsshetravelledfromcountrytocountryandvisitedtopexpertsinthefield,butwithoutsuccess.1However,herChineseherbalistgrandmothergaveherhopethroughherbaltreatment.

Afterthreeandahalfyearsshebecamepregnant.2Theexpectantmother’sdelightwassharedbytherestofherfamily,too.Thiswasthepointwhenshemadeuphermindtocarryonhergrandmother’sworkanddevoteherlifetoherbalmedicineresearch,developmentandpromotion.Tothisend,sheinvestedinalargeherbalgardeninthesuburbsofJakarta,wheremorethan30,000plantsaregrown.3

Throughtheapplicationofgreateffortandresourcesovermany,manyyears,Mary’scareerhasdevelopedvigorously,ashashergarden.4Whenshewasaskedwhetheritwasworthwhiletohavedevotedsomuchofherlifetothisresearch,shefirmlyresponded,“WhatIhavedoneistofulfillapromiseIoncemade.Moreimportantly,IwanttobringChineseherbalmedicinestoallthoseinneed.5”

A.Morethan7,000ofthesecanbeusedasmedicines.B.Themomentthenewswasconfirmed,sheburstintotearsofhappiness.C.Ibelievetheycanhelprelievepainandenablethesicktoregaintheirhopeoflife.D.MarydecidedtomakegreatcontributionstothedevelopmentofChinesemedicine.E.Theheartbreakanddisappointmentwassogreatthatshecameclosetogivingup.F.I’msohappythatthelocalpeopleliketouseChinesemedicinefortreatment.G.Althoughsheisnow80yearsold,sheisstillcommittedtothestudyofChineseherbalmedicines.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅲ.完形填空(2018東北三省三校一模)IthappenedtoSusanBlackinacoldwinter.Everythingseemedina1thosedays.Bothherparentssufferingfromdepression,sendingfora2becameacommonpractice.Asawomaninher40s,itwasa3jobtobeateacherof30first-graders,whowerealways4,andshe’dtriedallsortsofmethods,but5togetthemquietinclass...

Misfortuneswere6oneafteranother.Afteralongandtiringdayatwork,Susandraggedherselfalong,7towardstheparkinglot.Shecametothecar,onlytofindshehadlockedherkeysandcellphoneinside.8kickingthetyreofthecar,shesensedtears9hercheeks.

“What’swrong?”avoicewasheard.Susanlookedup,andsawayoungmanwitha10athisside.Susanstoppedweepingandexplainedhersituation,addingthat11shecalledherhusband,hewouldn’tbringherthesparecarkey,sincehewasworkingatthe12endofthetownanditwasstillnottimeto13theday’swork.“Callyour14andtellhimI’mcomingtogetthekey,”theyoungmanhandedSusanhisphone.“Butthat’sninemiles’roundtrip...”saidSusan.“There’snotimefor15.I’llbebackassoonaspossible.”

Twohourslater,themotorbikeriderreturnedwithabigsmileand16face,keyinhand.Susan17somemoney,butherefused.“Let’sjustsayIneededthe18.”Withthosewords,likea19inthemovies,herodeoffintothesunset.

ForSusan,the“cowboy”notonlypickedthekey,but20herday,orrather,warmedthelongandcoldwinterdays.

1.A.battle B.row C.mess D.hurry2.A.worker B.psychologist C.policeman D.lawyer3.A.tough B.rare C.boring D.rewarding4.A.kind B.quick C.happy D.noisy5.A.atheart B.invain C.onpurpose D.withease6.A.comingtrue B.pilingupC.goingwell D.runningout7.A.looking B.marching C.yelling D.heading8.A.Mildly B.Randomly C.Suddenly D.Wildly9.A.streamingdown B.flowingpastC.showingup D.castingaway10.A.bicycle B.car C.motorbike D.taxi11.A.evenif B.unless C.justas D.whenever12.A.wide B.deep C.far D.long13.A.end B.forget C.giveup D.putoff14.A.friend B.family C.daughter D.husband15.A.waiting B.hesitation C.traveling D.delivery16.A.charming B.sweating C.worrying D.encouraging17.A.received B.shared C.offered D.loaded18.A.exercise B.help C.reward D.lesson19.A.youngman B.strangerC.motorrider D.cowboy20.A.kept B.burnt C.fixed D.builtⅣ.語法填空(2018廣東佛山高三教學質檢二)RedisaparticularlypopularcolorinChina.Apairofredshoes—1theyareforsports,dancesorjustfashion—isamust-haveforeveryChinesewoman’sshoecollection.FormostChinesebrides,redshoesshouldalsobeworn2theirbigday.

Aswomen’sfeet3(connect)withfemaleattraction,redshoesoftenemphasizethisaspect4conveyaspecialbeauty.InsomeclassicChinesenovels,thereare5(describe)ofcharmingwomeninredsilkshoes.

Ifyouwearadarkdressincold6(season),apairofredshoescanraiseyourensemble(整套服裝)toa7(high)level.Theycanalsogowithdifferentlevelsofredcolor,8(give)theweareralivelyandjoyfullook.

9(sure)redwillalwaysbeabelovedcolorfordesigners,andredshoeshavealsobecomeachoiceformanysupermodels.Ifyouarealsoafanofthis10(energy)color,considerwearingapairofredshoesforeveryChineseLunarNewYear!

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Ⅴ.書面表達(2018黑龍江高三仿真模擬七)隨著手機和電腦的普及,年輕人給家人和朋友寫信的機會越來越少。最近,某英語學習網(wǎng)站邀請網(wǎng)友針對這個現(xiàn)象展開討論。你打算參與討論,請根據(jù)下面的提示,寫一篇發(fā)言稿。1.現(xiàn)代通信工具的弊端;2.寫信的好處;3.發(fā)出幾點倡議。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案全解全析Ⅰ.閱讀理解[語篇解讀]一項研究表明,孩子在學習語言之前就具備了認知顏色的能力,這種能力是天生就有的。未來研究人員還將檢測不同文化下的嬰兒對顏色的認知能力。1.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Butnewresearchwithfour-tosix-month-oldbabiesindicatesthatlongbeforewelearnlanguage,weseeuptofivebasiccategoriesofcolors...可知,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒在學習語言前就能夠識別五種基本顏色,這種感知能力是生來就有的,故B項正確。2.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的試驗可發(fā)現(xiàn),嬰兒每看到一種新顏色,就會做出不同的反應,看的時間會有所不同,最后一句Theirincreasingresponsesshowedthattheydistinguishedamongfivecolors:red,green,blue,purpleandyellow.為試驗得出的結論,嬰兒可以識別五種顏色,故D項正確。3.C詞義猜測題。上文提到了語言對顏色感知能力的影響,本段提到未來還要用來自不同文化的嬰兒進行檢測,由此可知此處意為“語言和文化交織到一起對顏色識別能力的影響”,故C項正確。4.A主旨大意題。通讀全文可概括得知,文章主要介紹了最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒天生具備顏色感知能力,A項意為“嬰兒世界的彩虹”,形象地表達了文章主題。Ⅱ.七選五[語篇解讀]本文為記敘文。40年前,已經(jīng)結婚13年的瑪麗一直沒有孩子,她去許多國家拜訪名醫(yī),然而均無結果。但她的中醫(yī)奶奶讓她用中草藥治療,這使她如愿以償。從此,瑪麗就和中草藥結下了不解之緣。1.E細節(jié)句。根據(jù)下句(然而,她奶奶,一位老中醫(yī),用中藥治療給了她希望。)可知本句應為瑪麗在治療前的痛苦經(jīng)歷,故答案為E項(她如此傷心、失望以至于她幾乎要放棄了)。2.B細節(jié)句。上句意為:3年半后她懷孕了。下句意為:其他家庭成員也分享了這位孕婦的喜悅。B項中的thenews指上句中的“shebecamepregnant”;“burstintotearsofhappiness”與下句中的“Theexpectantmother’sdelight”相對應,故答案為B項(那個消息被確定的那一刻,她突然流下了幸福的淚水)。3.A細節(jié)句。上句意為:為此,她在雅加達郊區(qū)投資建了一個大的草藥園,那里種植了3萬多棵植物。A項中的these與上句中的morethan30,000plants相對應,故答案為A項(這些植物中,有七千多棵植物可以用作藥物)。4.G過渡句。上句意為:通過許多年努力和資源的投入,瑪麗的事業(yè)和她的園子一樣都得到了蓬勃發(fā)展。下句意為:當被問及將自己如此多的生命都投入到這項研究是否值得時,她堅定地回答:“……”。下句中的“tohavedevotedsomuchofherlifetothisresearch”與G項中的“isstillcommittedtothestudyofChineseherbalmedicines”相對應,故答案為G項(雖然現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)八十歲的高齡,但她仍然致力于中草藥的研究)。5.C細節(jié)句。上句意為:更重要的是:我想將中草藥帶給所有有需要的人。C項中的they指代上句中的“Chineseherbalmedicines”,故答案為C項(我相信它們有助于緩解痛苦,使病人重拾生活的希望)。Ⅲ.完形填空[語篇解讀]這個冬天,蘇珊的麻煩事一件接著一件:父母患有抑郁癥,自己工作吃力,車鑰匙被鎖在車里。但是一位陌生人卻主動幫她去丈夫那里取鑰匙,這讓她倍感溫暖。1.C下文提到了蘇珊的麻煩事,所以inamess“一團糟”符合語境。2.B父母均患有抑郁癥,所以要經(jīng)常請心理學家來,故B項正確。3.A下文提到,30名一年級的孩子非常吵鬧,嘗試了各種方法都無法讓他們安靜下來,所以教師的工作對于40多歲的蘇珊來說很艱難(tough)。rare稀有的,罕見的;boring乏味的,無聊的;rewarding有益的;有報酬的。4.D由“togetthemquietinclass”可知這些一年級的孩子們很吵鬧。5.B根據(jù)but可推斷出她嘗試了各種方法讓他們安靜下來,但是無濟于事。invain徒勞;白費力氣。6.B根據(jù)文章內容可知,蘇珊不幸的事情一件接著一件,短語pileup(積聚)符合語境。cometrue實現(xiàn);gowell進展順利;runout耗盡;用完。7.D蘇珊在工作了一天后,拖著疲倦的身體前往停車場。headtowards前往。8.D結合文章內容可知,蘇珊已經(jīng)遇到了很多不順心的事情,現(xiàn)在車鑰匙和手機又被鎖在了車里,所以此處指她瘋狂地踢著汽車輪胎。9.A由tears和cheeks可知A項正確,此處指流下了淚水。streamdown沿著……流下。10.C根據(jù)下文的themotorbikerider可知這個年輕人騎著摩托車。11.A根據(jù)語境可知此處引導讓步狀語從句,意為“即使她給丈夫打電話,他也不會給她帶來備用汽車鑰匙”。12.C根據(jù)下文的“Butthat’sninemiles’roundtrip...”,可知她丈夫工作的地方很遠,故far正確。13.A根據(jù)語境可知,丈夫工作的地方遙遠,而且現(xiàn)在還不是下班或者工作完成的時間,所以不會來給她送鑰匙,故end(結束)正確。14.D根據(jù)文章中的husband可知答案。15.B根據(jù)蘇珊說的話,可知她對年輕人騎摩托車去取鑰匙的事情有所猶豫,因為路途遙遠,所以年輕人告訴她不要猶豫了,故hesitation正確。16.B因為路途遙遠,所以年輕人騎摩托車取鑰匙回來會汗流滿面,故B項正確。17.C由“butherefused”可得知蘇珊給年輕人錢,但是他拒絕了。receive收到;share分享;offer給予;提供;load裝載。18.A年輕人騎車走了很遠的路取鑰匙,并且拒絕報酬,由此推斷年輕人說自己需要這種“鍛煉(exercise)”。help幫助;reward報酬;lesson教訓;課。19.D由最后一段的“cowboy”可知蘇珊認為這個年輕人像電影中的牛仔一樣。20.C年輕人的善舉溫暖了漫長而寒冷的冬天,事實上也調整了蘇珊不順心的一天。fix修理;整理。Ⅳ.語法填空[語篇解讀]紅色在中國是一種特別流行的顏色。本文介紹了中國女性穿紅鞋的傳統(tǒng)。1.whether考查連詞。句意:一雙紅色的鞋,無論是用于體育、舞蹈還是時尚,都是每位中國女性鞋子收藏的必需品。此處是whether...or...,無論……還是……,引導讓步狀語從句。2.on考查介詞。句意:對于大多數(shù)中國新娘來說,紅鞋也應該在她們的重大日子里穿。特指某一天使用介詞on。3.areconnected考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:由于女性的腳與女性的吸引力有關,紅鞋經(jīng)常突出這一方面并傳達出一種特殊的美。connect與feet構成被動關系;根據(jù)下文redshoesoftenemphasizethisas