山西省太原市2023-2024學年高三上學期期末學業(yè)診斷英語試卷（含答案）

2023～2024學年第一學期高三年級期末學業(yè)診斷英語試卷（考試時間：上午10：00～12：00）說明：本試卷為閉卷筆答，答題時間120分鐘，滿分150分（不含聽力）。請將第I卷試題答案填在第II卷卷首的相應位置。第I卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉寫到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inabakery.2.WhoshowedgreatinterestintheBroadwaymusical?A.Theman. B.Thewoman. C.Theman'swife.3.Whatwillthemanprobablydothisweekend?A.Planadestination. B.Takeacitywalk. C.Visitsomemuseums.4.Whatdoesthewomanplainabout?A.Thebarkingdog. B.Theheavyworkload. C.Herpoorhealth.5.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Buyfoodanddrinks. B.Takecareofthesuitcase.C.Checkthetrainschedule.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。答案寫在答題卡上。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewoman'sbirthplace?A.Denmark. B.Sweden. C.America.7.Wherewillthewomangivealecture?A.InUCBerkeley. B.InColumbiaUniversity. C.InNewYorkUniversity.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.What'sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Teacherandstudent.9.Howoftendoesthewomangotothegym?A.Onceaweek. B.Twiceaweek. C.Threetimesaweek.10.Whatmaythemanthinkofthewoman?A.Easygoing. B.Wellbehaved. C.Selfdisciplined.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.What'stheproblemwiththebathroom?A.Limitedspace. B.Noheater. C.Lackofsunshine.12.Whydoesthewomanlikethekitchen?A.Becauseithasagoodview. B.Becauseitiswellequipped.C.Becauseitishugeandbright.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingnext?A.Bringinginthepets. B.Removingallthestuff.C.Buyingsomefurniture.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?A.Asalesperson. B.Anaccountant. C.Asoftwaredeveloper.15.Whatmakesthemanqualifiedforthejob?A.Richexperience. B.Outgoingpersonality. C.Professionalknowledge.16.Whichaspectofthepanyappealstotheman?A.Thepanyculture. B.Thefixedworkinghours.C.Thefreeacmodations.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerprobably?A.Aprogramhost. B.Abuildingdesigner. C.Amunityleader.18.HowmanyChinesepeoplewerethereinVancouveratthebeginningof19thcentury?A.2,000. B.350. C.510.19.WhatmakesChinesethelargestminorityethnicgroupinVancouver?A.Thediversityofmedia. B.ThewideuseofChinese.C.ThevastareaofChinatown.20.WhobuiltDr.SunYatSenChineseParkandGarden?A.NewChineseimmigrants. B.Canadianoriginalinhabitants.C.ArchitectureexpertsfromSuzhou.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAsanalternativetogoingstraightfromhighschooltocollege,manyyoungadultsaretakingagapyearasachancetotravel,volunteerorexplorenewskills.We'veroundedupaselectionofsomeofthetopgapyearprograms,whichwillhelpyougetstartedsearchingforyourperfectpostgraduationexperience.TheLeapAsaUKbasedorganization,itoffersvolunteertraveloptionsinbothgroupstructuredandindependentplans.TheLeapcreatesamazinghandsonopportunitiestotravelwhileworkingonsustainabilityprojects,suchasrepairingcoralreefsinSouthAfricaorconservationeffortsonthebeachesandforestsinCostaRica.Theorganizationisresponsibleforhalftuitioncosts.WorkawayWorkawayencouragesculturalexchangethroughwork,fromworkingonafarminBritishColumbiatoteachingarttochildreninPeru.Livingexpenseswillbeprovidedaslongasyoungadultsworkthere.Thiscanbeagoodoptiontogainsomenewskillsandseetheworldforfree.HabitatforHumanity(HFH)ThisnonprofitorganizationoffersfullyearservicepositionsatlocalhabitatorganizationsacrosstheUS.Inthisprogram,participantscanlearnanddevelopnewskillswhileservingacriticalroleinhelpingHFHbuild,createorimprovehomesforthoseinneed.Thereisasmalllivingallowanceforthosewhoqualify.WhereThereBeDragons(WTBD)WTBDhassomeofthemostindepthforeigntravelprogramsavailable.Itofferspoliticalscience,history,sustainability,economicsandlanguageimmersioninremotelocalsaswellasthoseclosertohome.WTBDofferscollegecreditsaspartoftheirprograms.Thisprogramisoneofthemostexpensiveoptions,butfinancialaidisavailable.21.WhatdoestheprogramofTheLeapfocuson?A.Culturalexchange. B.Handicraftmaking. C.Individualplanning. D.Environmentalprojects.22.Whatdothesefourprogramshaveinmon?A.Theyoperateingroups. B.Theyoffercollegecredits.C.Theyprovidefinancialaid. D.TheyareconductedintheUK.23.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Travelenthusiasts. B.Highschoolgraduates.C.Charityorganizers. D.Collegeteachers.BTakinganendofseasonbreaksoundssimple,right?Youmaythinkacarefreeweekspentonabeachiswhat'smostdesired.Butactuallymostathleteswouldspendhourstryingtoconvincetheircoachesthattheyreallydon'tneedtorestatall,subsequentlyfillingupalloftheirgiventimewithasmanyreplacementactivitiesaspossible.ThisyearIwasgivenaweek'sholidaybymycoachtoenjoyabsoluterelaxation.ForthefirstthreedaysIremainedhappilywrappedupinthesatisfactionofmylastraceresult,embracingpajamadays,takingallmorningjusttohavebreakfastandusingmysparetimetosocializemorethanIusuallydo.Iwasenjoyingit,andyet···Allthisrestingmademefeelrestless.ThencameThursday.Ilacedupmyshoesandheadedbacktothetrack.Thesimplepartofrestingisthephysicalactofit,butgiventhatIusuallytrainwithfocusandtension,learningtocheckoutmentallydoesn'talwaysenaturallyafteraseason,especiallywhenI'monholiday.Afteraseasonwithgoodresults,somewellmeaningpeopleexcitedlyask“What'snext?”ItcanwanderinmymindandraisedoubtoverwhatIshouldbedoingaccordingtootherpeople'sopinions.InthiscaseItalkedtosomeexperiencedathletesandraisedmyconcern,oneofwhomsuggestedestablishingageneraloutlineofthenextseason'sgoalspriortoholidays.Ifindithelpful,notonlypreventingmefromfeelingrushedtogetbackintoworkoutstoosoonandgivingasenseofpurposetotherestitself,butalsoensuringthatIwillnotspendmybreakmakingplansbutallowmymindtoresttoo.Weallfearlosingthefitnessandtheachievementsthatweworkedsohardtogain,butinreality,takingtheappropriaterestandknowinghowtotakeitisahelp.Here'shopingthatI'llgetthebalancenextyear.ButifIdidn't,atleastIwouldenjoymyself.24.Whatdomostathletesdoduringaholidayafteraseason?A.Negotiatewithcoaches. B.Doalternativeworkouts.C.Enjoyabsoluterelaxation. D.Traveltoaseasidedestination.25.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'sholidayfromparagraph2?A.Itwascarefullyarranged. B.Itfollowedthecoach'splan.C.Itwasendedaheadofschedule. D.Itwasinterruptedbyunexpectedtasks.26.Whatistheauthor'srealneedduringthebreaktime?A.Mindrest. B.Physicalrecovery.C.Timemanagement. D.Professionalguidance.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SecretstoWinningonTracks B.PlansforNextSeason'sTrainingC.EndofseasonBreak:ANewBeginning D.FromLegstoBrain:TrueRelaxationforAthletesCThefirstwordonanancientRomanscrollcarbonizedbyMountVesuvius'eruptionin79C.E.hasrecentlybeendecoded,openingthedoortoeventuallydecodingtherestofthetextswhichhaven'tbeenreadinthepast2,000years.Thescroll,alongwithsome800scrollsunearthedintheancientRomancityofHerculaneum,looksmorelikeaburntlog.It’ssofragile(易碎的)thatitwouldfallapartifresearcherstriedtounrollit.Earlyattemptstounrollandreaditcausedirreversible(不可逆的)damageandnosuchattemptshavebeenmadesincethe19thcentury.BrentSeales,aputerscientistfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasbeenperfectingCTscantechnologytoseewhat'sinsidethescrollswithoutactuallytouchingthem,aprocesshecalls“virtualunwrapping”.Becausemonlytheinkcontainsmetal,itcanbeseenonSeales'CTscans.Unfortunately,theHerculaneumscrollswerewrittenincarbonbasedinkmadefromcharcoal(木炭)andwater.WhenSealesscannedthem,nothingappearedtothenakedeye.Earlierthisyear,Seales'teamlaunched“theVesuviusChallenge”,encouragingpeopletouseAItofurtherexploreresearchers'scans.InearlyAugust,acontestantcalledCaseyHandmergotarewardof$10,000forbeing“thefirstpersontofindsubstantial,convincingevidenceofinkwithintheunopenedscrolls.“Asafollowup,a21yearoldputersciencestudentLukeFarritordrewinspirationfromhisdiscoveryandcreatedamachinelearningalgorithm(算法)thatidentifiedtenclearlettersspelledastheEnglishword“purple”,markingthefirstdiveintoanunopenedancientbook.Thesediscoveriesarecriticalstepstowarddecodingtheremainingunopenedscrolls.“Some95percentofthematerialfromthisimportantphilosophicalperiodsofhumanityislost,”saysRobertFowler,aclassicistattheUniversityofBristol."Recoveringthemwouldtransformourknowledgeoftheancientworldinwayswecanhardlyimagine.TheimpactcouldbeasgreatastherediscoveryofmanuscriptsduringtheRenaissance,”headds.28.Whichofthefollowingcanbethereasonwhythescrollhasbeefragile?A.Itwasmadeofaburntlog. B.Itwasunearthed200yearsago.C.Itwasunrolledbysomeresearchers. D.Itwascarbonizedbyavolcaniceruption.29.WhywereSeales'scansunabletoreadHerculaneumscrolls?A.Becausethescrollswerewetwithwater.B.Becausethecarbonbasedinkdirtiedthescrolls.C.Becausethewritingmaterialcontainednometal.D.Becausevirtualwrappersweretouchedbyhands.30.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.Theinfluenceoftheresearch. B.Thefurtherplanstounrollthescrolls.C.Thereasonforlaunchingtheprogram. D.TheprocessofdecodingthetextwithAI.31.WhatdoesRobertFowlerthinkofthesediscoveries?A.Imaginary. B.Groundbreaking. C.Conventional. D.Unidentifiable.DHumanshavemovedspeciesofplantsandanimalsaround,introducingthemtonewhabitats,foraslongaswe'vebeenonEarth.Manyoftheseintroducedspecieshavebeenbeneficial,suchasEuropeanhoneybeesthathaveprovedtobeexcellentpollinators(傳粉者)intheUS.Butthat’snotthecaseforEuropeanbeachgrassintroducedtosanddunes(堆)onthecoastofCalifornia.Beachgrasswasplantedtostabilizetheevershiftingdunesanditworkedwell.Butthebeachgrassisusuallytheonlyspecieslivingonduneswherethereoncewerealargevarietyofnativegrassesandwildflowers.It'struethatnotallnonnativespeciesbeeinvasive,butthosethatdoadapttothelocalenvironment,spreadrapidlyandoutpetenativewildlife,oftenduetotheabsenceofnaturalenemiesthatcankeeptheirpopulationincheck.ThespreadofinvasivespeciesleadstotheextinctionandbiodiversitylossonEarth,causingfinancialandecologicaldamage,accordingtotheleadingscientists.Somecampaignshavebeenlaunchedtoeradicateinvasivespecies,includingpesticidesspray,manualremovalandbiologicalcontrols.Interestingly,agrowingnumberofchefsandconservationistsevenhaveafarsimpleridea:Eatthemtobeatthem.Apartfromprovidingfavorablehabitatsforlocalspecies,perhapsthebestwaytofightinvasivespeciesistopreventthemfromoccurringinthefirstplace.Whenboating,cleantheboatthoroughlybeforetransportingittoadifferentbodyofwater.Don't“packapest”whentravelling,forfruitandvegetables,plants,insectsandanimalscancarrypestsorbeeinvasivethemselves.Ifyouplantoownanalienpet,doyourresearchandplanaheadtomakesureyoucanmittolookingafteritinsteadofreleasingitintothewild.Whenyoutransferanorganism,youcanalsotransferitsneighbors.Thinkbeforeyoumoveananimalorplantaround!32.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeinparagraph1?A.Introducedspeciesmaycauseunexpectedresults.B.Thebeachgrassledtothebiodiversityonthedunes.C.Humanshavealonghistoryofworkingwithnature.D.ThehoneybeeswereforcedoutofEuropebyhumans.33.Whathelpsnonnativespeciesspreadquickly?A.Thebalancedecosytem. B.Thepetitivenativewildlife.C.Theabsenceofnaturalenemies. D.Theextictionofinvasivespecies.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eradicate”inparagraph3mean?A.Increase. B.Introduce. C.Wipeout. D.Takeover.35.Whatcanpeopledotosolvetheproblemofinvasivespecies?A.Releaseorganismsintothewild. B.Providefavorablehabitatsforthem.C.Mindtheactsoftransferringspecies. D.Keepthewildlifepopulationincheck.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多選項。答案寫在答題卡上。Beingminimalistisaboutintentionallyreducingyourpossessionstotheitemsyouvaluemostandincreasingtheamountoftimeyouspendonthepeopleandactivitiesyoutrulyenjoy.Itcantakemanyforms.36.Thiswayyoucanoptimize(優(yōu)化)yourlifetowardsideal.TryclearingawayyourpossessionsIfyouthinkhard,youwillrealizethatthephysicalthingsyouownarenotthemostimportantpartsofyourlife.Intiscaseyoucanclearawayallbutthemostessentialthingsinsweeps.Focusonkeepingthingsthatyouvaluedeeply.37.Takeafewweekstolivewithoutthosethings.Atthesametime,noticeifthethingsyou'vekeptareservingyou.38.Youmusthavemanyfriends,buthowmanyofthemarepeoplewhomotivateandinspireyoutogrowandlearn?Beingminimalistmeansthatyouevaluatehowwelltheyfitintoyourideallifeandmaximizingyoursocialtimespentonpeoplewholiftyouup.Thenyoucanalsofreeupmoretimetospendonotherprioritiesinlife.39.TaketimeforintrospectionIntrospection,whichmeansyousittingwithyourownthoughts,iswhatpeopleareterrifiedofinso“busy”aworld.40.Youcanputyourphoneonsilent,turnofftheTVandblockoutdistractionsandjustsitwithyourthoughts.Youwillefacetofacewithsomeunfortabletruths.Butpushingthroughtotheothersideiswherethemagichappens.Eventhougheveryoneembracesminimalismdifferently,eachpathleadstothesameplace:amoremeaningfullifewithmoretimeandmorefreedom.Hopefullyyouwillgetthere.A.HavelesspossessionstoenjoymoreB.Anyway,youshouldmakespacetothinkC.PeopleareeagerforanotherwayoflivingD.ConsideryourlifestylearoundrelationshipsE.Getridofthingsthatyoudon'tneedanylongerF.It'sworthfocusingyourtimeonpeoplethatmatterG.Theimportantpartistofigureoutyourflavorofminimalism第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IrememberatimewhenIneededaphonenumberoranaddress,Inaturallydialed“0”andanoperatorwithapleasant41wouldaskwhatshecoulddoforme.ButnowIhavethe42ofacquiringknowledgefrommylaptopinthefortofmyhome.Automationcertainlyhasitsadvantages,butIstillmissthe43withpeoplethatthedeviceshavereplaced.RecentlyIdecidedtodedicateadaytoacplishingallofmygoalsina44manner.IbeganbyhavinglunchatMcDonald's,whereI45theputerterminalinfavoroforderingfromasmiling46,whorememberedmefromalongagovisit.Itseemedthatherglowof47madethemealmoredelicious.IntheafternoonIwenttothepubliclibraryandaskedthelibrariantohelpmefindatitleIcouldhaveeasily48bymyselfwithaputersearch.Duringourstayinthestack(藏書架)wehadthemostwonderful49aboutAnnieProulx’snewbook.FinallyonmywayhomeIhadastopatthesupermarket.50,1walkedpasttheselfcheckoutandwas51byacashier,whosuggestedthatforonlyonemorepennyIcouldgeta(n)52cabbage.ThateveningIhaddinnerwithafriendandexcitedlyreportedmydaytoher.However,shewasn'tbuying.SheremarkedthatIcouldhaveorderedeverythingwithmycellphoneandtheywouldbe53tomyhome,whichwouldhavetakenlessthananhour.Exactly,butIwouldhavesacrificedonepreciouscabbageandeven54allthosekindwordsandfriendlysmiles.Ienjoyedmyday,maybejustbecausesomeonetookthetimeto55theencounters.41.A.look B.voice C.smile D.taste42.A.talent B.doubt C.potential D.convenience43.A.interactions B.challenges C.appointments D.conflicts44.A.wellknown B.firstrate C.nondigital D.farreaching45.A.carriedout B.fellbehind C.toldoff D.passedup46.A.colleague B.employee C.customer D.programmer47.A.recognition B.gratitude C.pride D.relief48.A.located B.edited C.downloaded D.purchased49.A.instruction B.conversation C.adjustment D.argument50.A.Surprisingly B.Impatiently C.Similarly D.Randomly51.A.ignored B.cheated C.weled D.desired52.A.free B.extra C.expired D.special53.A.exhibited B.updated C.related D.delivered54.A.harvested B.appreciated C.missed D.refused55.A.warm B.report C.arrange D.advocate第II卷第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。UndertheinfluenceoftherecentELNino,56isreportedthattheaverageglobaltemperaturein2023hassettherecord,makingitthewarmestyearsince1850.Thetemperaturesinmost57(region)ofChinafromthiswintertonextspringwillbeabovethelongtermaverage.Thiswinterthe58(bine)ofELNinoandglobalwarmingraisedthechancesofnaturaldisasters59(cause)byextremeweather.TheELNinoispredictedtocausetheseasurfacetemperaturetoreachits60(high)pointbetweenNovember2023andJanuary2024.ELNinois61naturallyoccurringclimatephenomenonthatstartswithunusuallywarmsurfacewaterinthecentralandeasternequatorialPacificOcean,whichthengoesontoaffecttheweatherworldwide.Onaverage,it62(occur)everytwotosevenyears,andoneepisode63(typical)lastsninetotwelvemonths.SinceMay,anELNinosystemhasheatedtheatmosphereinthetropicalPacific,64(lead)toariseinglobaltemperatures.ResearchindicatesthatamildELNinoeventcanincreasetheglobalannualaveragesurfacetemperature65about0.1℃,even0.22℃.56.______________57.______________58.______________59.______________60.______________61.______________62.______________63.______________64.______________65.______________第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是高三學生李華，你校英語社團為了確保學生的備考時間，計劃取消高三年級的社團活動。你認為這個決定不合理，請你用英語給社團負責人Mr.Smith發(fā)一封郵件，內容包括：1.說明原因；2.提出建議。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearMr.Smith,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。IusedtohearaboutthestoryofElla'sfather.HesacrificedhislifetosavethevillagersfromfloodwhenEllawasababy.Therefore,thestatueofherfatherwasbuiltattheedgeofourvillageandalsoalargewarningbellwasfixedthere.Oneday,allthekidsgatheredatthestatuetoplayhideandseek.Sam,thebiggestandloudestboy,lovedmakingjokesatothers'expense,andEllawashisfavoritetarget.HewatchedEllawithasly(狡黠的)smileandsaidtoher,“Ibetyourfatherwishedhe’dhadaboytofollowinhisfootsteps.”Holdingherfiststightly,EllawasabouttohitSamwhenIpattedherontheshoulder.“Enough,”Ishouted.“Let'sbeginourgamewhileit'sstilllightout.I'llcountfirst.”ThenIleanedmyheadagainstthestatueandstartedtocount.Innotime,therestofthekidsranawaytoseekhidingplaces.Samlookedannoyedbecausehisfunhadbeeninterrupted,andElla'scheeksalsoburnedwithanger.Buttheybothdidn'twanttobeleftout.Samdashedawayfromthevillagetohideinthewoods,whileEllaheadedbackintothevillageandhidbehindthegrassywall.Soonmostkidswerecaught,waitingforanewroundtobegin.Samhadyettobefound,sowethoughthemustbestayingperfectlystillandquiet,enjoyingthescreamandlaughterofthegame.Suddenly,thelargewarningbellforthickfogbegantoring.Weallsensedthedangerandimmediatelyrantoourregulargatheringplacetoseekshelter.Ithrewthedooropenwide,waitingforotherkidstoarrive.Ellawasoneofthelasttobeback.Istartedtheheadcount,onlytofindSamwasmissing.Allkidsinsistedonshuttingthedoor,butEllashookherheadfirmly.SherushedawaytowardtheedgeofthevillagewithatorchtolookforSam.Sheswungitbackandforth,untilshereachedthestatueofherfather.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數應為150個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Theheavyfogblockedherpathbutshemadeherwayintothewoods._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________