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Unit4Globalwarming晨背分鐘填詞并背記RefreshOurEnvironmentAsthedirectorstatedon_behalf_ofhisresearchinggroup,thedataofthisgraphmakesaclearpresentationofthefutureenvironmentaltendency.Ononehand,thequantityoffuelkeeps_ondecreasingby9%peryearwhilethegrowthofawiderangeofpollutionhasbeenaglobaltrend.Ontheotherhand,themildlybutsteadilygoing_upoftheaveragetemperatureisresulting_incatastropheslikewidespreadfloods.Withoutdisagreement,_theysubscribe_totheviewthatitishumans'existenceandtheirrandomlyconsumingenergythatresultinthisphenomenon.Manypeoplehaveamitmentthatdevelopingnuclearpowerorenergyfromouterspacewillstopbadconsequencesing_about.However,scientistsandeducatorsare_opposed_tothisvieweven_ifourneedsmaybemeton_the_whole.Theytend_toadvocaterefreshingourcircumstancesbysavingenergyandrecyclingwaste.Itissuggestedthatweuseenergy-savingappliancessuchaselectrical_motors,_microwavesand_so_onandnotbecasualaboutlittlethingslikerecyclingacan.Sopleaseglancearoundandseewhatyoucando.So_long_aseverybodymakescontributions,_wewillnothavetoput_up_withthisproblemanymore.恢復(fù)環(huán)境生機(jī)正如那位主任代表他的研究小組所說明的那樣,這張圖表的數(shù)據(jù)清楚地描述了未來環(huán)境的趨勢(shì):一方面,燃料的數(shù)量以每年9%的速度持續(xù)減少,同時(shí),大范圍污染的增長(zhǎng)已經(jīng)成為一種全球趨勢(shì);另一方面,平均氣溫輕微卻穩(wěn)定地升高正在造成像廣泛的洪澇那樣的災(zāi)難。無不同意地,他們一致贊成是人類的存在和任意的消耗能源才造成了這一現(xiàn)象。許多人都信奉開發(fā)核能和外太空能源會(huì)防止糟糕的后果發(fā)生的理論。然而,即使這樣可以基本上滿足我們的需要,科學(xué)家和教育家們?nèi)匀环磳?duì)這一觀點(diǎn)。他們更傾向于擁護(hù)用節(jié)省能源和回收廢料的方法恢復(fù)環(huán)境生機(jī),并建議我們要使用節(jié)省能源的器具,如電力發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、微波爐等,還建議我們不要對(duì)如回收罐子這種小事漫不經(jīng)心。因此,請(qǐng)看看你身邊是否有你能做的事,只要每個(gè)人都作出貢獻(xiàn),我們就不必再忍受這個(gè)問題的困擾了。1.consume(vt.)消費(fèi);消耗;耗盡;吃完→consumer(n.)消費(fèi)者→consumption(2.phenomenon(n.)現(xiàn)象→phenomena(pl.)現(xiàn)象3.tend(vi.)趨向;易于;照顧(vt.)照顧;護(hù)理→tendency(4.mild(adj.)溫和的;溫柔的;淡的→mildly(adv.)溫柔地;溫和地5.consequence(n.)結(jié)果;后果;影響→consequent(adj.)隨后發(fā)生的;作為結(jié)果的→consequently(adv.)因此;所以6.state(vt.)陳述;說明→statement(7.steady(adj.)平穩(wěn)的;持續(xù)的;穩(wěn)固的→steadily(adv.)平穩(wěn)地;持續(xù)地8.existence(n.)生存;存在→exist(vi.)存在9.pollution(n.)污染;弄臟→pollute(vt10.growth(n.)增長(zhǎng);生長(zhǎng)→grow(v.)生長(zhǎng);增長(zhǎng);漸漸變得11.electrical(adj.)電的;與電有關(guān)的→electricity(n.)電;電能12.contribution(n.)貢獻(xiàn)→contribute(v.)貢獻(xiàn);投稿13.disagreement(n.)分歧;不一致→disagree(vi.)不同意;意見不合14.quantitiesof大量的重點(diǎn)知識(shí)分鐘quantityn.量;數(shù)量(P26)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Alargequantityofmoney(collect)tohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.②Inthefirstplace,vehiclessendlargequantitiesofpoisonousgaseswhich(be)amajorsourceofairpollution.③(quantity)offoodandtentsweresenttoearthquake-strickenareasfromShandong.④It'scheapertobuygoodsquantity.答案:①hasbeencollected②are③Quantities④inalarge/smallquantityof大量/少量的(large)quantitiesof大量的;許多的inquantity大量地[名師點(diǎn)津]aquantityof與quantitiesof這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)后均可接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。“aquantityof+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致;而“quantitiesof+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞總是用復(fù)數(shù)形式。opposevt.反對(duì);反抗;與(某人)較量(P27)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)uchtoouramazement,theycametoconclusionspletely(oppose)toours.②Manyoldmenareopposedto(cut)downthe100-year-oldtreeforrebuildingtheshoppingcentre.③Welivefurtherdowntheoppositesideoftheroad.答案:①opposite②cutting③on(2)單句寫作——詞匯升級(jí)高中生們堅(jiān)決反對(duì)受到別人的不公正對(duì)待。a.普通表達(dá):Theseniorstudentsbeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.b.高級(jí)表達(dá):Theseniorstudentsstronglybeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.c.高級(jí)表達(dá):Theseniorstudentsbeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.答案:a.arestronglyagainstb.objecttoc.a(chǎn)restronglyopposedto(1)oppose(doing)sth.反對(duì)(做)某事(2)opposedadj.反對(duì)的;對(duì)立的beopposed_to反對(duì)……(3)oppositeadj.相反的;對(duì)立的beopposite_to與……相反on_the_opposite_side_of在……對(duì)面(4)oppositeprep.在……對(duì)面A_is_opposite_B.A在B對(duì)面。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)oppose后跟表示動(dòng)作的詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞形式。beopposedto結(jié)構(gòu)中,to是介詞,其后也要用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。(2)表示反對(duì)的其他表達(dá):disagreewith,objectto,beagainst等。rangen.種類;范圍;幅度;界限v.(在一定范圍內(nèi))變動(dòng);排列(P27)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空Theshowhadalargeaudience,(range)fromchildrentograndparents.答案:ranging(2)單句寫作①旅館的單人房間的價(jià)錢從每天20美元到50美元不等。Therateforasingleroomatthehotel20dollars50dollarsaday.②它們將介紹各種各樣的寫作風(fēng)格,從詩(shī)歌到戲劇創(chuàng)作。Theywillincludeintroductionstowritingstyles,frompoetrytoplaywriting.③開始時(shí),這種工作我沒經(jīng)驗(yàn)做不了,但是后來通過向隊(duì)友學(xué)習(xí),我做成了。Atfirst,thistypeofworkwasofexperience,butfinallyImadeitbylearningfrommyteammates.答案:①rangesfrom;to②awiderangeof③beyond/outofmyrange(1)awiderangeof...范圍廣泛的;各種各樣的in/withinrangeofsth.在可及的范圍內(nèi);在視覺/聽覺范圍內(nèi)beyond/outofrangeofsth.超出……的范圍;在視覺/聽覺范圍之外beyond/outofone'srange超出了某人能承受的范圍(2)rangefrom...to...從……到……變動(dòng)rangebetween...and...在……和……范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)glancevi.看一下;掃視n.一瞥(P27)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①She(glance)thiswayandthatandlookedverynervous.②Ionlyhadtimetoglancethenewspapers.答案:①glanced②at(2)單句寫作看到它的瞬間,我就被敦煌壁畫吸引了。,IwasattractedbythewallpaintingsofDunhuang.答案:Atfirstglance(1)glanceat/over/through掃視;瀏覽;匆匆看一遍glanceoff(光)從……反射回來(2)at_first_glance乍一看,最初看到時(shí)have/takeaglance(atsb./sth.)(朝某人/某物)一瞥;匆匆看一眼averageadj.平均的;普通的n.平均水平;平均數(shù)v.計(jì)算出……的平均數(shù);平均為(P29)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Anaveragejust18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,makingitthedriestyearsinceCaliforniabecameastatein1850.②Susiestudieshardandherschoolworkiswellaverage.答案:①of②above(2)單句寫作平均來說,我每天花2小時(shí)讀書。,Ispend2hoursreadingeveryday.答案:Onaverage(1)anaverageof平均有(后跟數(shù)詞)(2)onaverage平均來看;平均above/belowaverage在平均水平以上/以下advocatevt.擁護(hù);提倡;主張(P30)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Weadvocate(solve)internationaldisputesbynegotiations,insteadofappealingtoarms.②MrWilliamsisadietaryexpert,(advocate)moreexerciseandagooddietarethekeytoahealthylife.③Animalactivistsadvocatethatthegovernment(set)upaspecialorganizationtoprotectthesemigratingbirds.答案:①solving②advocating③(should)setadvocatesth.主張/提倡……advocatedoingsth.主張/提倡做某事advocatethat...主張……,從句有時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”eabout發(fā)生,產(chǎn)生(P26)(1)用e相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空①Whentheexamresults,Jackleftasusual.②Thesubjectduringapre-dinnerdrinkwithourguests.③Ineverrememberhavingamanlikethat.④Tonyanewideaforincreasingsales.答案:①cameout②cameup③eacross④cameupwith(2)單句寫作①我真不明白這么短的路程你怎么會(huì)遲到一個(gè)小時(shí)。I'llneverunderstandyouwereanhourlateonsuchashortjourney.②當(dāng)談及幫妻子做家務(wù)活這件事的時(shí)候,他從來不抱怨。Heneverplainshiswifewiththehousework.答案:①howitcameaboutthat②whenitestohelpingHowdiditeaboutthat...?……是怎樣發(fā)生的?eacross偶遇eintobeing形成;產(chǎn)生;出現(xiàn)eintopower上臺(tái)執(zhí)政;當(dāng)權(quán)eintoeffect生效eout出版;結(jié)果是eup被提及;發(fā)芽;(困難)出現(xiàn)eupwith提出;想出whenitesto...當(dāng)談到……時(shí)eon跟著來;[口]快點(diǎn);加油eto總計(jì);歸納為[名師點(diǎn)津]eabout,happen,takeplace和breakout這四個(gè)表示“發(fā)生”的詞語(yǔ),都是不及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ)),不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。resultin導(dǎo)致(P26)用result相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空①It'ssaidthathislamenessanaccident.②Theboominbuildinghasthelocallandbeingmorevaluablenowforhouses.③Allsingersareunited.,theirperformancewassuccessful.④yourcarelessness,thewholeprojectshouldbeputoffatleastonemonth.答案:①resultedfrom②resultedin③Asaresult④Asaresultofresultfrom起因于;由……造成as_a_result結(jié)果(作狀語(yǔ),常置于句首,并用逗號(hào)和后面句子隔開)as_a_result_of由于……的原因withoutresult沒有結(jié)果;白費(fèi)putupwith忍受;容忍(P30)用put相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空①Hedecidedthathewoulddrivebacktotowninsteadofforthenightatthehotel.②Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecanalmosteverywordherteachersays.③I'mnotgoingtotheirsmokinganylonger.④Asuggestionhasbeenthatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.⑤Wearetryingtosomemoneyeverymonthforourvacation.答案:①puttingup②putdown③putupwith④putforward⑤putaside[名師點(diǎn)津]表示“忍受;容忍”的詞語(yǔ)還有:stand,tolerate,bear等。ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff!(P30)用as...as相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空①Theseanimalstypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandadepthofabout3,300feet—mostlightcan'treach.②Electricenergycanbechangedintolightenergyintosoundenergy.③Shetrainedhardfortherace,sometimesrunning60milesaweek.④Youcanborrowmycaryoupromisenottodrivetoofast.⑤Iamconcerned,Iamstronglyagainsttheplan.⑥Adistantrelativeisnotanearneighbour.答案:①asfaras②aswellas③asmanyas④aslongas⑤Asfaras⑥asgoodasas/solongas引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,相當(dāng)于onconditionthat,providedthat或if(只要,如果)。此外,aslongas還可表示“與……一樣長(zhǎng)”。(1)asfaras一直到……;在……范圍內(nèi);就……而言。(2)asmanyas“多達(dá)……”“達(dá)到……之多”,與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用。(3)asmuchas“多達(dá)……”“達(dá)到……之多”,與不可數(shù)名詞連用。(4)assoonas“一……就……”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(5)aswellas也,還;除……之外還。(6)asgoodas和……一樣好;幾乎,差不多。課文語(yǔ)法填空分鐘Thereisnodoubtthatitishumanactivity1hascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthan2randombutnaturalphenomenon.Allscientistssubscribe3theviewthattheincreaseintheearth'stemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuels.The“greenhouseeffect”begins4weaddhugequantitiesofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphereandmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmosphere5(cause)theglobaltemperaturetogoup.Theburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelshasresulted6theincreaseincarbondioxide.7,theattitudesofscientistsaredifferent.Somethinkthatthetrendwouldbeacatastrophe.Butsomeareopposedtothisview8theypredictthatanywarmingwillbemildwithfewbadenvironmental9(consequent).Eventhoughwehavetakensomemeasures,theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecades10centuries.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案:1.that2.a3.to4.when5.causing6.in7.However8.and9.consequences10.or▲itis/was...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句式:①可強(qiáng)調(diào)除了謂語(yǔ)之外的任何成分;②當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)“人”時(shí),用that或who均可;③判斷依據(jù)為:將itis/was和that同時(shí)去掉,并適當(dāng)調(diào)整語(yǔ)序,如果句意通順、成分完整,即為強(qiáng)調(diào)句式,否則,則為其他句式?!鴈venif=eventhough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“即使;縱使”。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句還可用以下連接詞引導(dǎo):①用while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句需置于句首,意為“盡管;雖然”。②用whether...or...引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意思是“不管/無論……還是……”。③用whatever,whoever,however,whenever,wherever等引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意思是“不管/無論什么/誰(shuí)/怎樣/何時(shí)/哪里……”。④用as/though/although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“雖然;盡管”。用as引導(dǎo)時(shí),從句必須倒裝;用though時(shí),從句可倒裝也可不倒裝;用although時(shí),從句不倒裝。隨堂檢測(cè)分鐘Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Ontheotherhand,thecostofeverythingfromhousingtoeducationhasrisen(steady)inrecentdecades.答案:steadily2.Theauthoritiesnolongersubscribetheviewthatdisabledpeopleareunsuitableasteachers.答案:to3.I'mnotopposedto(upload)ahundredpicturesatatimeofmyrecenttravelsintoalbumsonFacebook.答案:uploading4.Quantitiesofmoney(spend)inbringingupthechildrensincetheyweremarried.答案:havebeenspent5.Thewaterrecreationcentreprovidesavarietyofactivities,(range)fromswimmingtodiving.答案:ranging6.Pleasantmusicisoftenplayedbetweenclassestomakestudents(refresh)andrelaxedforawhile.答案:refreshed7.Populationagingisoneoftheworld'spopulationdevelopment(tend).答案:tendencies8.Hehadbeenillforalongtimeand(consequence)hewasbehindinhiswork.答案:consequently9.Weshoulddoourworkwelltomake(contribute)toourfuture,oursocietyandournation.答案:contributions10.Someexpertsthinkthatpollutionposesathreattothecontinued(exist)ofthisspecies.答案:existenceⅡ.教材微寫作A.根據(jù)提示完成句子1.隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展,產(chǎn)生了越來越多的溫室氣體,地球在逐漸變暖。(greenhousegases)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:Withthedevelopmentofindustry,moreandmoregreenhousegasesareproducedandtheearthisbeingwarmer.2.結(jié)果,海平面在上升,致使許多沿海城市和動(dòng)物的棲息地處于危險(xiǎn)中。(habitat)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:Asaconsequence,thesealevelisrising,whichputsmanycoastalcitiesandanimalhabitatsindanger.3.全球變暖已經(jīng)對(duì)人類和動(dòng)物構(gòu)成嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn),因此,到了我們采取措施應(yīng)對(duì)這一挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候了。(itishightime)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:Globalwarminghasbeeaseriouschallengetomankindandanimals,soitishightimethatwetook/shouldtakemeasurestodealwithit.4.只有我們停止這種粗暴對(duì)待環(huán)境的方式,我們才能和環(huán)境和諧相處。(roughly)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:Onlybystop
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