安大研究生英語第二冊答案

Unit1

KeytoExercises:

I.Comprehension

1.Theauthorimpliesthateverythingischangeable:aprospectingmillcentercanturnintoa

desertedtown,andsimilarly,acouple'sromanticlovecanchangeintoordinaryrelationship.

2.Theauthor,bydescribingthetrout'sfeedingbutnotstriking,impliesthatNick'sloveto

Marjoriecannotreachabreakingpointandisfadinggradually.

3.Yes.MaqoriehasperceivedNick'sindifferenceinthefishing.Marjorie'squestion"What'sthe

matter,Nick“inParagraph26indicatesthisquiteclearly.

4.Thetroubleisthatlovecannotsurvivewhenthereisnolongernoveltyinit.

5.Yes.NickhadpreplannedtostoprelationwithMaijoriebeforetheywentfishing,andprobably

haddiscusseditwithBill,asBillaskedthequestion“Didshegoallright?，zdirectlywhenhe

cameover.

6.(Open)

II.Vocabulary

1.clearing2.sprinkles3.reel4.hoist5.glint

6.prop7.slack8.swampy9.ventral10.rake

III.Phrases

1.wentasfaras2.are...intenton3.reelin4.dropoff

5.cut...off6.cutacross7.goaway8.cut...out

IV.Errordetectionandcorrection

1.howitmightbelittle改成howlittleitmightbe

2.刪除that

3.thesetechniquesare改成arethesetechniques

4.Even改成Although

5.thatwereally改成whatwereally

6.evolution改成evolutionary

7.itis改成itdoes

8.seven-continents改成seven-continent

9.doafavorto改成doafavorfor

10.how改成that

V.Cloze

1.gripping2.lean3.influenced4.contribution5.deceptive

6.immediacy7.conjunctions8.compared9.frowned10.satirized

11.portray12.valid13.always14.characteristic15.poetic

TextBWhenGoodnessisn'tGoodEnough

KeytoComprehension

1.Thethreequalitiesare:goodpeoplecare,goodpeopleact,andgoodpeoplehave

responsibility.

2.Themodemworldisnetworked,specialized,andfilledwithimpersonalorganizationswhose

goalsareopen-ended.Theconsequenceofthisisthatmodernpeopleareexposedtovarious

demandsourancestorsnevercouldhaveimagined.

3.Theycompetewithotherspecializedorganizationsforresourcesandcannotaffordto

recognizethepersonallimitsofitsmembers.

4.Theywillmakecommitmentsrelatingtotheirjob,spouse,child,child'sschoolorsportsteam

ordramaclub,agingparents,almamater,community,anddifferentorganizations.Infact,

theywillalsomakecommitmentstothelargerworldabouttheissuesofterrorism,

environmentaldegradation,poverty,disease,etc.

5.Theymayredirecttheirfrustrationorangerinwardasdepressionoroutwardontoothersor

evenontoawholeintheformofbitterness.

6.Theauthor'ssuggestionisthateachpersonfindsherorhisownspecialpassion,makesthat

thecenterofasingleopen-endedcommitmentanddoeswhatishumanlypossible.

Keytotranslationexercises.

1.①太陽黑子;雀斑②(=net+citizen)網(wǎng)民③水閘④天體物理學(xué)⑤光驅(qū)

⑥(二globalpositioningsystem全球定位系統(tǒng))不譯

?(^OrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries石油輸出國組織)歐派克

⑧(二Asia-PacificEconomicCooperation)亞太經(jīng)合組織or不譯

⑨smalloffice,homeoffice小型家居辦公室or不譯

?=telecommmunicationssatellite通信衛(wèi)星

2.①瞳孔可以隨著光線強弱的變化而放大或縮小。

②這種藥品的優(yōu)點之一是沒有副作用。

③合金是介于混合物和化合物的中間物質(zhì)。

④用滾動摩擦代替滑動摩擦?xí)蠓葴p少摩擦力。

⑤隨著病情的惡化，肌肉會逐漸萎縮。如果不及時治療，病人就會癱瘓，呼吸極其困難，

最終死亡。

⑥一旦細(xì)胞發(fā)生?；?，變成皮膚、眼睛或乳腺細(xì)胞，大局部有關(guān)長成完整個體的基因指

令就會關(guān)閉?？茖W(xué)家們以前一直認(rèn)為，專化后的細(xì)胞不能用來形成完整的有機體。

⑦為了保護鯨免受北極海寒冷的傷害，大自然賜予了它一層厚厚的被稱作鯨脂的脂肪層。

人們把鯨屠宰后，就在船上或岸上剝下鯨脂并進行熬煉。這樣便能生產(chǎn)出大量的油，

可以做成食物供人們消費。還有幾種動物也能產(chǎn)油，但都沒有鯨產(chǎn)的油多。

⑧科學(xué)家們發(fā)表報告稱，嚴(yán)峻的氣候變化可能來自“溫室效應(yīng)〃，因燃燒礦物燃料而使

二氧化碳含量增高，從而引起大氣層逐漸變暖?？茖W(xué)家們還說，在幾十年內(nèi)全球的平

均溫度可能會升高，到下個世紀(jì)末可能到達要比目前溫度高出9華氏度的水平。專家

們說，這可能對全球的天氣類型造成嚴(yán)重的破壞，比方說，使年降雨量改變，使河流

上漲或干涸，并使海平面升高。

Unt2

KeytoExercises

I.Readingcomprehension

1.Inamorningwhenhewokeupafewminutesearlierthanheusuallyis,andhehadnotthought

itbefore.

2.Itisunwisetotakeholdofthelittledoorinfrontofacoalrangeinone'sfingers(learntatthe

ageofseven),thatamixtureofsherbetandmilkchocolateinequalpartsproducesdisconcerting

results(discoveredatnight),andthatitissociallyinexpedienttomakejokesaboutfalseteeth.

3.Itmeansthattheauthorcannotbesurethathisapplicationofthenamesofthethoughtsor

objectsofonelanguagetoanotherissuccessfulornot,andthushethinksthatitsfeasibilityis

doubtful.

4.Hethinksthathisknowledgeisinadequatecomparedtohislifelonginvestmentandhis

parents'money.Buthefeelreassuredthatignorancedoesnoharmtohim,foranignorantperson

doesn'tmisquote.

5.Whenpeoplerealizethefactthatsometimesmemoryisnotreliable,theknowledgethey

possesswillbringthemtroubleandmistakes.Therefore,ignorancedoesworkatthistime,forthe

ignorantmenseldommakeinaccuratejudgmentwithoutmakinganinvestigationfirst.

6.Hethoughtthattheauthorofthebookheneededtoreviewhadneglectedsomecontentsinthe

book,butactuallytheauthorhadnot.Helearnedfromthisexperiencethatignorancecanbea

greathelptohim,forhismemorymaydeceivehimsometimes.

7.Thesentencehasanironicaltone,whichmeansthatundersuchcivilizationofvaluing

ignorance,knowledgeisnotnecessarilysomuchusefulasonerequires.One'sknowledgecan

sometimesbelesshelpfultohimthannecessary,fortheinformationcanbequicklyaccessedin

variousmeans.

8.(open)

II.Vocabulary

1.expedient2.sane3.impart4.verify5.discourteous6.tentative

7.dubious8.premium9.tossing10.devoured

III.Phrases

1.givereinto2.beton3.atadiscount4.putapremiumon5.inpossessionof6.gave

anaccountof7.comedownto8.aburstof

IV.Errordetectionandcorrection

1.“express”改為"expressing”:

Thepottershadvirtuallyeschewedfreehanddrawingandelaboratemotifsofthepots,whileyet

expressingabeliefthattherewasorderintheuniverse.

2."happen”改為"happens"

TaxpayersarebeingpouredintoSouthAfricatosupportasystemdedicatedtotheoppressionof

12millionpeoplethecolorofwhoseskinshappensnottobewhite.

3.“and〃改為“that”

ThiswonderfulworkofartissuchajoytolookatthatIcanneverbesufficientlygratefultoyou

forhavinggivensomuchofyourtimeinordertogivemepleasure.

4.“have”改為"havehad"

Mrs.Thatchersuggestedthat“hadAmericastayedinEuropeaftertheFirstWorldWarandwe

hadaNATOthen,IdonotbelievewewouldhavehadaSecondWorldWar."

5.“managewith"改為"manage”

Aninfectiousoutbreakamongthestaffatatimewhenholidaysareatapeakwillbemore

difficulttomanage.

6.“robbed"改為"robbedoff”

Toescapefromaprisoncamprequiredaveryspecialstateofmind,andIleftbehindmebrave

men,whomcaptivityhadrobbedofallhope.

7.“condemn"改為"condemned”

Onemomenthehadbeenlookingforwardtoahappyandwealthyretirementandnow,minutes

later,hewasacondemnedcriminalwithonlyafewhourslefttolive.

8.“l(fā)ikely"改為"morelikely"

Thisfindingisconsistentwiththefactthatstudentleadersaremorelikelytobesupportersofthe

valuesimplicitincivillibertiesthantheotherstudents.

9.“much”改為"asmuch"

Heatewhathefeltlike,sleptasmuchoraslittleashepleased,andmovedaboutthedraughty

roomsofthehouse,likeanelderlytouristinacathedral.

10.“allowing"改為"ofallowing，，

Itisaquestionofallowingthehumanracetosurvive,possiblyunderthedominationofaregime

whichmostofusdetest,orofallowingittodestroyitselfinappallinganguish.

V.Cloze

1.bitterly2.pitch3.sprawling4.observing5.entitled6.vacuum

7.around8.likely9.diminish10.contemplation11.impose12.subversion

13.reassessment14.frazzled15.rejuvenate

TextBTheVirtueofIdleness

KeytoExercises

Readingcomprehension

1.Becausehisaphorism“earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise”

hadpropelledsomanyofustobecomeslavestoaschedulewedidnotchoose.

2.Theforcesoftheanti-idlehavebeenatworksincethefallofman.Andtheevidencecanbe

foundinthebiblewhichcanbedatedbackto2000years.InChapter6,thereisaproverbonthe

subject.

3.ThissentencesmeansthatDr.Johnisregretfulaboutthetimespentonoversleeping,andheis

makinghisresolutiontoriseearlytomakeupforhislosttimeforhislaziness一unabletorise

early.

4.AccordingtoJohnWesley,laterisingwillcausefloppyphysicalconditionsandslackednerves.

5.Becausehethinkslyinginbedandthinkingistheveryessenceofbeinghuman.Andlyingin

bedisnotawasteoftime,forlyinginbedwouldnotinfluenceone'sthinkingactively,sothey

aretwoindependententities.

6.AccordingtoWillSelf,inEngland,becauseoftheProtestantvalue,thinkingistakenasaway

ofidleness,sotheyshouldn'tthink.

7.Dreammakestheworldgoround.Dreamcanbringmorebrilliantideasandimagesoftheday

tothewriters,filmmakers,andscientists,becauseatnightinthedreamtheirmindsaremost

activetocomeupwithcreativethings.

8.Dreamsandidlenesshaveacloserelationshipwitheachother,andbothofthemareproduced

inone'srelaxedstateofmind.Andapersonisnotsomuchidlewhenhecanreconcilethereality

withhisdreamyworld.

Keytotranslationexercises.

1.盡管酸雨形成的原因有很大的爭議，但大多數(shù)科學(xué)家認(rèn)為是燒煤的發(fā)電廠、工廠和汽車

所釋放的二氧化硫和一氧化氮轉(zhuǎn)化為硫酸鹽和硝酸鹽的結(jié)果。硫酸鹽和硝酸鹽與空氣中

的濕氣結(jié)合時便變成酸，以酸雨的形式降到地上。

2.對土地的破壞將會增加，因為更多的道路和高速公路使地上鋪上瀝青；巨型露地開采機

為尋找更多的煤而使土地受到剝奪；為騰出更多空間造更多的房屋，做更多的垃圾堆積

場，地面上的天然植被被鏟除了。

3.所有商用鋼鐵都以其含鐵為主要成分，但由于碳及其他元素含量的不同、鋼鐵冶煉方法

的不同以及加工過程的不同，從而改變了它們的特性，以致于有多種不同的鋼鐵，其中

有些鋼鐵的特性極不相同，看上去就像不同的金屬一樣。

4.礦物油很滑，因而被用作潤滑油。兩個金屬外表相擦?xí)r會產(chǎn)生摩擦和熱，但如果它們被

一層薄薄的油膜隔開，摩擦和熱便會減少。任何機械，如果不給以正常潤滑，都無法長

時間運轉(zhuǎn)。用作此目的的油必須稠度適宜，如果過稀，就不能起到足夠的潤滑作用，而

如果過稠，就不能分布到必須潤滑的所有局部。

5.信息時代的技術(shù)并不如業(yè)內(nèi)人士所宣稱的那樣“干凈、無污染〃，這一點早已為人們所

知，但在溫文爾雅的高科技領(lǐng)域，這個問題卻很少談及。每生產(chǎn)一臺個人計算機就會產(chǎn)

生139磅的廢物，并涉及到各種各樣稀奇乖僻的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。這些有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)對土壤、

飲用水和公共衛(wèi)生的威脅將與日俱增，與從業(yè)工人及其周圍社區(qū)癌癥和新生兒缺陷的高

發(fā)率有著密切關(guān)系。

Unit3

KeystoExercises

I.ReadingComprehension

1.Bodyandmindhealtharelinkedwitheachotherbyexercise.

2.Regularexerciseimprovesyourmood,decreasesanxiety,improvessleep,improvesresilience

inthefaceofstressandraisesself-esteem.

3.Thebloodandenergysupplytothebrainimproves.Thegenesinnervecellssignalthe

productionofproteinscalledneurotrophicfactorsorgrowthfactors.

4.Exerciseprobablyrelievesandlikelyalsopreventsdepressionthroughthesamemechanismas

antidepressants,whichspurnervegrowthinhippocampus.

5.ExerciseinducedanincreaseintheproductionofneuropeptideY(NPY)andbrain-derived

neurotrophicfactor(BDNF)inthehippocampus.

6.Motivationisunergeneticcontrol.Howgoodajobyourbraindoesatmanagingyouractivity

isgeneticallydetermined.

7.Exercisehasbeendemonstratedsoeffectiveatreducinghealthriskswithsofewadverse

effectsthatitshouldbeaneasysell.

8.Itwantstoprovethatthedegreeofmoodimprovementandtheperceptionofexertionispartly

determinedbytheformofone'sBDNFgene.

9.Themostimportantthingisyourabilitytosustainanexerciseroutine.Becausetheresearch

indicatesthatifyoucanstickwithanyprogramforatleasttwomonths,you'regivingyourself

thebestchancetofeelbetter.Youdon'thavetoinvestmuchandcareaboutthetypeofexercise.

10.Theauthorsuggeststhatthosepeopleshouldpicturehealthynervecellsplumpingand

sproutingandhopescientistswillsoonfindgentlenudgethatwillhelpyoufeellikeexerciseand

keepyoumoving.

II.Vocabulary

1.vulnerable2.antidote3.adverse4.identical5.integrity

6.hasbeensluggish7.induced8.prerequisite9.robust10.spurring

III.Phrases

1.equalto2.endedup3.keepsmeonmytoes4.isincharge

5.hasgivenriseto6.wasassignedto7.inresponseto8.wereinvovledin

IVErrordetectionandcorrection

1.fixture改為afixture

2.not改為notonly/notmerely

3.success改為succession

4.adapt改為adaptto

5.Regarding改為Given

6.Strippingout改為Stripout

7.liveupwith改為liveupto

8.have改為having

9.sit改為sitting

10.Except改為Exceptfor

V.Cloze

1.self-conscious2.excessively3.worrisome4.unattractive5.adversely

6.reactions7.profound8.sensitive9.inferiority10.compliments

11.respond12.while13.eliminated14.since15.impossible

Keytotranslationpractice

1.Consideringthelargepopulation,limitedper-capitaresourcesandshortageoffundsinChina,

ourexportshouldfocusonproductsoffurtherprocessing,finishingprocessingandwithhigh

addedvalue.

2.PresidentNixon'svisittoourcountryattheinvitationoftheChineseGovernmentprovides

theleadersofthetwocountrieswithanopportunityofmeetinginpersontoseekthe

nominalizationofrelationsbetweenthetwocountriesandalsotoexchangeviewson

questionsofconcerntothetwosides.Thisisapositivemoveinconformitywiththedesire

oftheChineseandAmericanpeoplesandaneventunprecedentedinthehistoryofthe

relationsbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates.

3.Astheresultofaweakeconomicbasecausedbyhundredsofyearsofcolonialexploitation,

andofmanyunfavorableexternalfactorsforAfricandevelopmentcausedbylackof

fundamentalchangestotheunjustandunequitableinternationaleconomicorderleftover

fromthepast,Africaneconomyasawholeremainsinhardtimeandthereisstillalongway

togobeforeAfricawillattaineconomicprosperity.

4.科學(xué)家們對煤的形成有確信無疑的了解，然而當(dāng)我們向他們問及石油的起源時，他們似

乎就不那么有把握了。他們認(rèn)為，地表之下的油起源于遙遠(yuǎn)的過去，并且是由海洋生物

形成的。無數(shù)億個海洋微小的動植物繁衍生息并沉至海底。它們被沉積的厚厚淤泥所覆

蓋，并且由于化學(xué)變化、壓力和溫度等過程的作用，經(jīng)過漫長的年代變成了我們現(xiàn)在所

知道的石油。這些生物要變成石油，必須密封在巖石層中極其漫長的時間。

TextB

SoccerGetsSexy

KeytoComprehension

1.SoccerhasfoundawaytosellitselftoAmericanwomen.Thatistosayattractivesportsmen

turnAmerican,specificallyAmericanwomenintosoccerfans.

2.Americanwomenhavegrownupplayingthegamejustliketheguysandwantpinupsintheir

lockers.Thegameismarketed.

3.ThatkindofsexappealisbeingusedtosellthesportitselftoAmericans.MajorLeague

Soccer'sTVadsdubthemselves"ALessoninPassion.Onesegment,entitled"Striptease

Lessons,“hasfootballerstriumphantlybaringtheirripplingcheststoburlesquemelodies

worthyof"TheFullMonty."

4.Soccertraditionalistsfindallthisalittlehardtoaccept.

5.Hooligansturnedthebleachersintobattlegroundsinthe1980s.

6.Tenyearslater,soccerbecomesfashionablebecausemoreandmorewomenareinterestedinit.

7.Whenwomenwatchmenonthesoccerfield,theyarewatchingagametheyknowfromthe

inside.Andtheycanreadnotonlythemoves,butthefaces,oftheplayers.

8.Besidesplayingsoccer,heisprettyandcharmingsohecanshowhissexappealin

advertisement.

Keytotranslationpractice

1.Consideringthelargepopulation,limitedper-capitaresourcesandshortageoffundsinChina,

ourexportshouldfocusonproductsoffurtherprocessing,finishingprocessingandwithhigh

addedvalue.

2.PresidentNixon'svisittoourcountryattheinvitationoftheChineseGovernmentprovides

theleadersofthetwocountrieswithanopportunityofmeetinginpersontoseekthe

nominalizationofrelationsbetweenthetwocountriesandalsotoexchangeviewson

questionsofconcerntothetwosides.Thisisapositivemoveinconformitywiththedesire

oftheChineseandAmericanpeoplesandaneventunprecedentedinthehistoryofthe

relationsbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates.

3.Astheresultofaweakeconomicbasecausedbyhundredsofyearsofcolonialexploitation,

andofmanyunfavorableexternalfactorsforAfricandevelopmentcausedbylackof

fundamentalchangestotheunjustandunequitableinternationaleconomicorderleftover

fromthepast,Africaneconomyasawholeremainsinhardtimeandthereisstillalongway

togobeforeAfricawillattaineconomicprosperity.

4.科學(xué)家們對煤的形成有確信無疑的了解，然而當(dāng)我們向他們問及石油的起源時，他們似

乎就不那么有把握了。他們認(rèn)為，地表之下的油起源于遙遠(yuǎn)的過去，并且是由海洋生物

形成的。無數(shù)億個海洋微小的動植物繁衍生息并沉至海底。它們被沉積的厚厚淤泥所覆

蓋，并且由于化學(xué)變化、壓力和溫度等過程的作用，經(jīng)過漫長的年代變成了我們現(xiàn)在所

知道的石油。這些生物要變成石油，必須密封在巖石層中極其漫長的時間。

Unit4

Keytoexercises:

I.Comprehension

1.TheNewWorldreferstoAmerica.OpportunityiswhattheNewWorldhasalways

represented:struggle,risk,self-determinationandthehopeofspiritualandmaterialprogress.

2.No,becauseAmericaisalreadyamiddle-agedcountrynotpossessingasmanyopportunities

asbefore.Thisisanaturalconsequenceofgrowingold.

3.Pessimismvieswithvitalityforcommandofthenationalconsciousness.

4.ThestiffeningofAmerica'ssocioeconomicsinewsismoreadvancedthantheculture,even

worsethanthescholarswhomonitorithadhithertounderstood;worsethanmanyolder,wearier

countries.

5.Idlenessandincompetencearesternlypunishedbutmeritsgetrewarded.Yourclass

backgroundwillneitherpropyouupnorholdyouback.Ifyoudeservetosucceed,youwill.

6.ThefindingisnotthatintergenerationaleconomicmobilityhasfallensinceWorldWarII---

thestudiespointtonocleartrend.

7.Theresultisthatrichchildrenstayrichandpoorchildrenstaypoor.

8.TherealfocusofanyefforttorestoresocialandeconomicopportunityinAmericaoughtto

beladdersoutofpoverty.

II.Vocabulary

1.immigrant2.hazard3.tentative4.impotent5.weary

6.succeeding7.rigid8.relieve9.persist10.diminish

III.Phrases

1.holdback2.aslongas3.borneout4.asidefrom5.propup

6.pointto7.ingeneral8.hasrootin

IVErrorCorrection

1.have改為haveof

2.appear改為appearing

3.passive改為active

4.find改為found

5.give改為gives

6.it改為they

7.is去掉

8.happiness改為embarrassment

9.assumed改為assuming

10.source改為rescource

V.Cloze

1.articulated2.want3.celebrate4.urban5.breaking6.increased7.paradoxes8.

poverty9.hunger10.sufficiently11.minimal12.distribution

13.essence14.crash15.summon

TextBPowervsPoverty

KeytoComprehension

1.Theglobalfoodpricecrisisisexposingfrighteninglevelsofvulnerabilityinpoornations

aroundtheworld.

2.a.Botswanahastoimport90percentofitsfood.

b.Botswanaisalandlockedstatewithasmallpopulationandanaridlandscape.

c.Botswanahasahighdependenceondiamonds-thevery"curseofwealth11thathas

destabilisedmanyotherAfricancountries.

d.Independentin1966,ithadjusttwosecondaryschoolsand12kmofpavedroad,andrelied

ontheUKforhalfofgovernmentrevenues.

3.ThesecretofBotswana'ssuccessliesinpolitics.Thecountry'selitecomefromasingle

dominantethnicgroup(theBatswana)whosegovernancesystems,emphasisingbroad

consultationandconsensus-building,emergedlargelyunscathedfromcolonialism.

4.TheworsedeprivationandsufferingnowarenotOrwellianinnature.Theyexistwherestates

areweak:halfofallchildrenwhodiebeforetheageoffiveliveinstatesdefinedasnfragile".

5.a.efficientgovernmentandrisingGDPpercapita

b.successfullytacklingpoverty,esp.thepowerlessstateofthepoorbybuildingdemocracy

andactivecitizenship

6.Manyofthecountriesthathavehadactivecitizensandbeenrunefficientlyhavealreadyceased

tobepooranddisappearedoffthedevelopmentradar.

7.Thoseorganizationsholdthateconomicpolicyisking,andpoliticsisoftenseenasanirritating

processthroughwhichunworthyindividualsusetheirpowertounraveltheplansofwise

economists.Thepolicyof"gettingthepricesright"requiresthestatetogetoutofeconomic

management,freeingthestageforthetrueheroesofdevelopment:theentrepreneurs.Butall

abovehasn'tworked.

8.Becausecharitylaw,missionandbitterexperienceshoulddissuadethemfrombecomingmere

supportgroupsforanypoliticalpartyinagivendevelopingcountry.Instead,theyhaveto

promoteempowermentwithoutbecomingpoliticised.Itisafinelinetotread,butitiseminently

feasible.

Keytotranslationexercises

1.①aid②head③body④fall⑤show⑥ban⑦jail⑧arms⑨ease⑩top

2.①海法地區(qū)法院周四宣布，前以色列足協(xié)主席利維攻擊記者罪成立。

②一些人事經(jīng)理抱怨，他們在這兒面試過的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生中，不少人都眼高手低/好高鷲

遠(yuǎn)/本領(lǐng)只有“二星級〃，心氣兒倒有“五星級〃。

③路透社：周一公布的一項民意測驗顯示，如果基地組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人本?拉登被證實有罪，

然后被判死刑，五分之一的美國人愿意花錢觀看電視直播拉登被處決。

④華盛頓：五角大樓昨日宣稱，一架美空軍F-16戰(zhàn)斗機在伊拉克南部禁飛區(qū)被電子跟蹤

后，向伊一雷達基地發(fā)射了導(dǎo)彈。

⑤國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)表示，世界經(jīng)濟在遭受去年美國9-11時間的重創(chuàng)后，開

始迅速上升，大大高于期望值。IMF的主要經(jīng)濟學(xué)家肯尼斯?羅戈夫說，如果美國沒

有大規(guī)模地降低利率和稅收來提高美國人民的消費能力，去年世界經(jīng)濟的下滑將會更

加嚴(yán)重。這又一次證明，美國經(jīng)濟是世界經(jīng)濟的引擎。

UnitFive

KeytoExercises

I.Comprehension

1.Theauthor,spurposeistoproposeapreliminaryoutlineforaviewofevilderivedfromhumanist

philosophyandbehavioralscience,ratherthanfromtraditionalreligiouspreconceptions.Andhisbasic

assumptionisthattherecanbenogenuineunderstandingofgoodnessinhumanbehaviorunlesswealso

understandevil.

2.Neithergoodnorevilexistoutsidethehumanpersonality.

3.Thetwoessentialdispositionsforactionare:onethatenhanceshumanlife,andtheotherthatdestroys

life.

4.Ourdestructivepotentialarisesfromafundamentaldesireforself-preservation-toprotectourselves

frommaterialdeprivationortheharmothersmightcauseus,whetherphysicaloremotional;ourcreative

potentialarisesfromourhumanabilitytoempathizewithothers,tofeelcareandconcernandadesireto

nurtureandhelp.

5.Thecommonwaysofdealingwithone'sdestructivepotentialaredenial,projectionanddisplacement.

6.Self-righteousideologistsclassifypeopleintogoodlikethemselvesand"evil"likeallothers.

7.FormanyAmericans,the“evilempire“ofthecommunistswasaprojectivemirrorofAmericandesire

forworlddominationandtoprotectAmericanprideandpower.

8.Displacementisamentalprocessinwhichweuseotherpeoplelikelighteningrodsforourfrustrations

andfears.

9.Childrenwhoaremorelikelytogrowintosociopathsarethoseinpoverty-stricken,brokenand

drug-infestedhomeswhoreceiveinsufficientparentalcareandnurturance,andhavenoinhibitionsorguilt

aboutviolentaggression.

10.Creativecompensationmeanschannelingpeople'sdestructivepotentialtowardcreativegoals,

specificallybyturningtheirenergiestowardlivesofpeace-makingorthepursuitofsocialjustice,by

helpingothersinneed,orthroughartisticactivity.

II.Vocabulary

l.assuage2.reminiscent3.articulate4.impoverished5.preliminary

6.prerequisite?.preconceptions8.malicious9.inculcated10.foster

III.Phrases

1.givingriseto2.infestedwith

3.abatteryof4.are(deeply)embeddedin

5.aroseoutof6.inthelightof

7.spiedon8.is(powerfully)committedto

IVErrordetectionandcorrection

1.tosee改為tobeseen

2.wouldhavebeen改為wouldbe

3.their改為its

4.affect改為affects

5.themoreonehaschildren改為themorechildrenonehas

6.comfortably改為comfortable

7.suspicious改為suspiciousof

8.liesinnot改為liesnotin

9.therefore改為that

10.neitherofthem改為neitherofwhich

V.Cloze

1.pose2.evidence3.purely

4.believe5.dismiss6.source

7.back8.alive9.cite

10.convinced11.newspaper12.condition

13.rumor14.information15.investigation

KeytoComprehension

1.AccordingtoRussell,afreethinkerisapersonwhoholdshisbeliefs,whatevertheyare,simply

because,aftercarefulthought,hefindsabalanceofevidenceintheirfavor,howeveroddhis

conclusionsmayseem;accordingtomostdictionaries,however,afreethinkerissimplyonewho

hasrejectedauthorityanddogma,particularlyinreligiousthinking,infavorofrationalinquiry.

2.TaoismandConfucius,mergedwithasystemofsocialregimentation,madeChina'sstate

ideology.

3.FreethinkingideasbecamearegularpartofEuropeanhistoryduringtheGoldenAgeof

Athens.

4.TheUnitedStatesofAmerica,initsearlyhistory,wasaproductoftheEuropean

Enlightenmentinthesensethatfreethinkersfiguredprominentlyinthenation'searlyhistoryand

thatfreethoughtwentontobecomeavitalpartofAmericanculture.

5.TocorrectlyunderstandAmericancultureandhistory,onehastounderstandthefreethought

movement.

6.Ithelpedpromotecompletechurch-stateseparation.

7.Ratherthanjustasetofabstractphilosophicalideasorcritiquesofreligion,freethoughtisand

alwayshasbeenacommitmenttosocialchangeandsocialaction,havingaprofoundandpositive

impactontheadvancementofcivilization.

Keytotranslationexercises

1.①士兵薪水劇增⑥足球開踢，拳打腳踢

②城市雖小，影響空前⑦日本（情侶〕蜂擁美利堅，（牧師面前〕誓言“我愿意〃

③誓將守口如瓶⑧繁榮過后，盡是蕭條/繁榮不在，蕭條即來。

④回憶中的前瞻⑨俄羅斯改革：新瓶裝舊酒/換湯不換藥

⑤中東一恐怖主義的搖籃⑩軍用飛機用于疏散工作

2.據(jù)悉，此輪中東談判毫無結(jié)果。

3.本報記者自紐約報道，北京雜技團在這里的精彩表演，場場贏得滿堂喝彩。

4.值得一提的是，歐洲大陸的政治領(lǐng)袖們都采取親美政策，而參與游行的民眾們的反美情

緒，在聯(lián)合國軍橫掃伊拉克之后卻絲毫未減。薩科齊和默克爾的舉動使得他們和其前任

希拉克和施羅德看上去根本生活在兩個世紀(jì)，薩科齊試圖恢復(fù)兩國自美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭以來

就建立起來的友誼，而默克爾，作為世界第一出口大國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，也支持和美國一起實

施德國官員所謂的“更大規(guī)模的共同市場〃。

5.ItisreportedthatShanghaihasofficiallybidforthe2023WorldExposition.

Unlikeatradefairintheusualsense,participantsintheWorldExpositionaremainly

governmentsofvariouscountriesandinternationalorganizations.TheWorldExpositionisan

arenafortheparticipatingcountriestodisplaytheachievementsandprospectsintheirsocial,

economic,culturalandtechnicalsectorsandagrandeventwherepeoplefromvariouscountries

gathertogethertoexchangeexperiences,learnfromoneotherandenterintocooperation.

Knownasthe"economic,technologicalandculturalOlympicGames/7theWorldExposition

isheldeveryfiveyears.SinceitsinceptioninLondonin1851,theWorldExpositionhasbeen

invariablyheldindevelopedcountries.IfShanghaiwinsthebidthistime,Chinawillbethe

firstdevelopingcountrytohosttheWorldExposition,andthethemeofthe2023World

Expositionwillbe"BetterCity,BetterLife".

With"City"asthetheme,theWorldExpositionwillhaveuniversalsignificance.

Countries,bigorsmall,developedordeveloping,maydisplaytheirrespectiveachievementsin

thedevelopmentofcities,andtheywillalsoabletolearnusefulexperienceincitydevelopment

fromtheexhibitionofothercountries.

UnitSix