持續(xù)改進(jìn)實(shí)施第6次課講解

持續(xù)改進(jìn)實(shí)施ImplementContinousImprovement侯松作者精品PPT演講者廣東食品藥品職業(yè)學(xué)院健康管理資源庫1.Profitability盈利能力Profitabilityisthedifferencebetweenwhatabusinessneedstospendinordertofunctioneffectively(totalcosts),andthemoneytheymakethroughrevenuestreamsandotherincomesources(totalrevenue).Profitability=totalrevenue-totalcostsTypicalsystemdatatoindicatetheprofitabilityinclude:BudgetinformationthatshowsanticipatedcostsandincomeversusactualresultsSalesfiguresthatshowsalesovertime(yeartodate)orovertimeperiod(monthlysales,weeklysales)ExpensesreportsAnnual,half-yearandquarterlyreports21.Profitability---exampleP49marketdemand–hadgrownveryextensivelyprofitability–increasedmarketshare–haveloweredTherefore,profitabilityindicatedthatthecompanywasdoingwell,butitcouldbedoingbetterThecompanycouldtakeadvantageofincreaseddemand31.Profitability盈利能力分析的目的是,企業(yè)經(jīng)營者Evaluatebusinessperformance利用盈利能力的有關(guān)指標(biāo)反映和衡量企業(yè)經(jīng)營業(yè)績Identifytheexistingproblems通過盈利能力分析發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)營管理中存在的問題

42.Productivity生產(chǎn)能力productivityisdefinedasoutputoverinput.Output(輸出):thevaluedelivered(交付的價(jià)值)Input:theresourcesarerequiredtoachieveacertainresult(output)Theinfluenceofenvironmentalfactors:technology(科技),timeconstraints(時(shí)間限制),processcapability(生產(chǎn)過程能力),teamdistribution(團(tuán)隊(duì)分布),interrupts(中斷),tools(工具),design(設(shè)計(jì))52.Productivity生產(chǎn)率Itcanenablethemanagerstounderstandwhatresourcesarerequiredtoachieveacertainresults,identifyandaddresstrendsthatindicatepotentialproblemsbeforetheyhaveasignificantnegativeimpactonthebusiness.Exampleofproductivitymeasuresinclude:Hoursworkedtocompleteacertainnumberofwork.Theamountofrawmaterialsthatareneededtoproduceacertainnumberofproducts.Theamountofenergyusedtoheatorcoolworksites.Stocklevels.63.Cost成本CostinformationallowsmanagerstounderstandhowthecostofproductionislinkedtooutputsorresultsIdentifyingincreasesincostscanindicateproblemsthatmaystemfromsupply,qualityorprocessissues.Exampleofproductivitymeasuresinclude:Thecostofrawmaterialsthatareneededtoproduceacertainnumberofproducts.Thecostofenergy(electricity,gas)usedtoheatorcoolworksitesThecostofhavingahighlevelsstockonhand

74.Processquality制程品質(zhì)IfprocessesarewelldesignedandusedproperlytheyhelpavoidorminimizeproblemsbyguidingemployeesthroughthemosteffectivewayofperformingactivitiesortasksOneofthekeysuccessfactorsinanycontinuousimprovementprocessisidentifyingandeliminatewaste.

Sevendifferenttypesofwaste!!Leanproduction精益生產(chǎn)!!8ThesevenwastesWasteofdefects產(chǎn)品缺陷導(dǎo)致返工修正的浪費(fèi)Wasteofoverproduction過量生產(chǎn)浪費(fèi)Wasteofwaitingtime等候的浪費(fèi)Wasteoftransporttime運(yùn)送時(shí)間的浪費(fèi)Wasteofprocessingwaste過度加工的浪費(fèi)Wasteofexcessinventory過多庫存的浪費(fèi)Wasteofexcessmotion過多動作的浪費(fèi)910DefectsNonrightfirsttime.Repetitionorcorrectionofaprocess.Defectsaregoodsoflowquality.Wastedmaterial,timeandmoneyAsproductmovesdownthesupplychain,thecostassociatedwiththedefectrises.11OverproductionToproducesooner,fasteroringreaterquantitiesthancustomerdemand.Producingmoreproductthannecessary.Createsexcessiveleadtimes.Increasesstoragecost.Difficultyoffindingdefects.12WaitingTime

Peopleorpartsthatwaitforaworkcycletobecompleted.Idleproductsoremployees.Concentrateonbottleneckswillalleviatethewaitingwaste.13TransporttimeUnnecessarymovementofpeopleorpartsbetweenprocesses.Inefficientfactorylayout.Novalueadded.Opportunityfordamage.14ProcessingwasteProcessingbeyondthestandardrequiredbythecustomer.CheaptoolsinsteadofexpensiveonesLesstechnologywherepossibleSeveralmachinesratherthanone15ExcessInventoryRowmaterial,workinprogressorfinishedgoodswhichisnothavingvalueaddedtoit.Associatedcostwithexcessstocks.Problemsbecomeoverlookedsincethereisexcess16ExcessMotionsUnnecessarymovementofpeople,partsormachineswithinaprocess.Keepergonomics(人體工程學(xué))inmindMisplacedtools.Searchingformaterials.17常見的12種動作浪費(fèi)1、兩手空閑；2、單手空閑；3、作業(yè)動作停止；4、動作太大；5、左右手交換；6、步行多；7、轉(zhuǎn)身角度大；8、移動中變換“狀態(tài)”；9、不明技巧；10、伸背動作；11、彎腰動作；12、重復(fù)/不必要的動作。185.Workforce（員工）Employeeproductivity(hoursworkedversusoutputsortasksachievedovertime)Customers