期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策關系研究企業(yè)行為理論與代理理論的整合視角

期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策關系研究企業(yè)行為理論與代理理論的整合視角一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle本文旨在探討期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系，并從企業(yè)行為理論和代理理論的整合視角進行深入分析。在當前充滿競爭與不確定性的商業(yè)環(huán)境中，企業(yè)的風險決策能力直接關系到其生存和發(fā)展。期望績效反饋作為一種重要的企業(yè)內部信息機制，能夠幫助企業(yè)及時調整戰(zhàn)略和決策，以應對外部環(huán)境的變化。因此，研究期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策的關系具有重要的理論價值和現實意義。Thisarticleaimstoexploretherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-making,andconductanin-depthanalysisfromtheperspectiveofintegratingcorporatebehaviortheoryandagencytheory.Inthecurrentcompetitiveanduncertainbusinessenvironment,theriskdecision-makingabilityofenterprisesisdirectlyrelatedtotheirsurvivalanddevelopment.Expectedperformancefeedback,asanimportantinternalinformationmechanism,canhelpcompaniesadjusttheirstrategiesanddecisionsinatimelymannertocopewithchangesintheexternalenvironment.Therefore,studyingtherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-makinghasimportanttheoreticalvalueandpracticalsignificance.本文首先回顧了期望績效反饋、企業(yè)風險決策以及企業(yè)行為理論和代理理論的相關研究，為后續(xù)的整合分析奠定了基礎。接著，文章通過理論推導和模型構建，闡述了期望績效反饋對企業(yè)風險決策的影響機制，并從企業(yè)行為理論和代理理論的角度進行了整合分析。這一整合視角有助于更全面地理解期望績效反饋在企業(yè)風險決策過程中的作用，以及不同理論框架下的解釋和預測。Thisarticlefirstreviewstherelevantresearchonexpectedperformancefeedback,enterpriseriskdecision-making,andenterprisebehaviortheoryandagencytheory,layingthefoundationforsubsequentintegratedanalysis.Subsequently,thearticleelaboratesontheimpactmechanismofexpectedperformancefeedbackonenterpriseriskdecision-makingthroughtheoreticalderivationandmodelconstruction,andintegratesandanalyzesitfromtheperspectivesofenterprisebehaviortheoryandagencytheory.Thisintegratedperspectivehelpstogainamorecomprehensiveunderstandingoftheroleofexpectedperformancefeedbackinenterpriseriskdecision-makingprocesses,aswellasexplanationsandpredictionsunderdifferenttheoreticalframeworks.在研究方法上，本文采用了定量分析和定性分析相結合的方法，通過收集企業(yè)的實際數據，運用統(tǒng)計分析和案例研究等手段，對理論模型進行了驗證和拓展。文章還關注了不同行業(yè)、不同規(guī)模企業(yè)之間的差異性，以及期望績效反饋在不同情境下的適用性和有效性。Intermsofresearchmethods,thisarticleadoptsacombinationofquantitativeanalysisandqualitativeanalysis.Bycollectingactualdatafromenterprisesandusingstatisticalanalysisandcasestudies,thetheoreticalmodelisvalidatedandexpanded.Thearticlealsofocusesonthedifferencesbetweendifferentindustriesandenterprisesofdifferentscales,aswellastheapplicabilityandeffectivenessofexpectedperformancefeedbackindifferentcontexts.最終，本文得出了期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系及其作用機制，為企業(yè)風險管理和戰(zhàn)略決策提供了有益的參考和啟示。文章也指出了現有研究的不足和未來研究的方向，為相關領域的研究者提供了有益的借鑒和思路。Finally,thisarticleconcludestherelationshipandmechanismbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-making,providingusefulreferenceandinspirationforenterpriseriskmanagementandstrategicdecision-making.Thearticlealsopointsouttheshortcomingsofexistingresearchandthedirectionoffutureresearch,providingusefulreferencesandideasforresearchersinrelatedfields.二、文獻綜述Literaturereview績效反饋作為企業(yè)管理中重要的一環(huán)，其對于企業(yè)的風險決策具有顯著影響。近年來，隨著企業(yè)行為理論和代理理論的發(fā)展，對績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策關系的研究逐漸成為學術界的熱點。本文將從企業(yè)行為理論和代理理論的整合視角出發(fā)，對國內外關于期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策關系的研究進行綜述。Performancefeedback,asanimportantpartofenterprisemanagement,hasasignificantimpactonriskdecision-makinginenterprises.Inrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofcorporatebehaviortheoryandagencytheory,researchontherelationshipbetweenperformancefeedbackandcorporateriskdecision-makinghasgraduallybecomeahottopicintheacademiccommunity.Thisarticlewillreviewtheresearchontherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandcorporateriskdecision-makingfromtheperspectiveofintegratingcorporatebehaviortheoryandagencytheory,bothdomesticallyandinternationally.在企業(yè)行為理論方面，學者們普遍認為企業(yè)的風險決策行為受到其內部環(huán)境和外部環(huán)境的影響?？冃Х答佔鳛橐环N內部環(huán)境信息，能夠直接影響企業(yè)的風險偏好和決策行為。例如，當企業(yè)實際績效未達到期望績效時，可能會引發(fā)管理者的焦慮和壓力，進而促使其采取更為保守的風險決策策略。反之，當實際績效超過期望績效時，管理者可能會更加自信，傾向于采取更為激進的風險決策。Intermsofcorporatebehaviortheory,scholarsgenerallybelievethatacompany'sriskdecision-makingbehaviorisinfluencedbyitsinternalandexternalenvironment.Performancefeedback,asaninternalenvironmentalinformation,candirectlyaffectacompany'sriskpreferenceanddecision-makingbehavior.Forexample,whentheactualperformanceofacompanydoesnotmeettheexpectedperformance,itmaycauseanxietyandpressureformanagers,whichinturnpromptsthemtoadoptmoreconservativeriskdecision-makingstrategies.Onthecontrary,whenactualperformanceexceedsexpectedperformance,managersmaybecomemoreconfidentandtendtotakemoreaggressiveriskdecisions.代理理論則主要從管理者的角度出發(fā)，分析其與股東之間的利益沖突和代理問題。在代理理論框架下，管理者可能會出于自身利益考慮，選擇風險較小但收益穩(wěn)定的項目，以規(guī)避因決策失誤而帶來的責任。而股東則更關注企業(yè)的長期發(fā)展和整體利益，期望管理者能夠承擔一定的風險，以獲取更高的收益。因此，在代理問題的存在下，期望績效反饋對企業(yè)風險決策的影響可能更為復雜。Theagencytheorymainlyanalyzestheconflictsofinterestandagencyissuesbetweenmanagersandshareholdersfromtheperspectiveofmanagers.Undertheframeworkofagencytheory,managersmaychooseprojectswithlowerrisksbutstablereturnsfortheirowninterests,inordertoavoidresponsibilitycausedbydecision-makingerrors.Shareholders,ontheotherhand,aremoreconcernedaboutthelong-termdevelopmentandoverallinterestsoftheenterprise,hopingthatmanagerscantakeoncertainriskstoobtainhigherreturns.Therefore,inthepresenceofagencyproblems,theimpactofexpectedperformancefeedbackonenterpriseriskdecision-makingmaybemorecomplex.國內外學者對期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策關系的研究已經取得了一定的成果。例如，（2010）通過實證研究發(fā)現，當企業(yè)實際績效未達到期望績效時，管理者更傾向于采取保守的風險決策策略，以降低自身的責任和風險。而（2015）則從代理理論的角度出發(fā)，認為管理者可能會為了自身利益而故意忽視期望績效反饋，選擇風險較小的項目。（2018）還研究了不同行業(yè)、不同規(guī)模企業(yè)之間期望績效反饋對風險決策影響的差異性。Domesticandforeignscholarshaveachievedcertainresultsinthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-making.Forexample,(2010)foundthroughempiricalresearchthatwhentheactualperformanceofacompanydoesnotmeettheexpectedperformance,managersaremoreinclinedtoadoptconservativeriskdecision-makingstrategiestoreducetheirownresponsibilityandrisk.Fromtheperspectiveofagencytheory,(2015)suggeststhatmanagersmayintentionallyignoreexpectedperformancefeedbackfortheirownbenefitandchooseprojectswithlowerrisks.(2018)alsostudiedthedifferencesintheimpactofexpectedperformancefeedbackonriskdecision-makingamongenterprisesofdifferentindustriesandscales.期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系是一個復雜而重要的問題。未來的研究可以從企業(yè)行為理論和代理理論的整合視角出發(fā)，深入探討不同情境下期望績效反饋對企業(yè)風險決策的具體影響機制，以及如何通過優(yōu)化績效反饋機制來提高企業(yè)的風險決策水平和整體績效。還需要進一步關注不同行業(yè)、不同規(guī)模企業(yè)之間在該問題上的差異性，為企業(yè)管理實踐提供更為具體和有效的指導。Therelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-makingisacomplexandimportantissue.Futureresearchcanstartfromtheintegrationperspectiveofcorporatebehaviortheoryandagencytheory,andexploreindepththespecificimpactmechanismsofexpectedperformancefeedbackoncorporateriskdecision-makingindifferentcontexts,aswellashowtoimprovethelevelofriskdecision-makingandoverallperformanceofenterprisesbyoptimizingperformancefeedbackmechanisms.Furtherattentionneedstobepaidtothedifferencesinthisissueamongenterprisesofdifferentindustriesandscales,inordertoprovidemorespecificandeffectiveguidanceforenterprisemanagementpractices.三、理論框架與研究假設Theoreticalframeworkandresearchhypotheses在深入研究期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系時，我們結合了企業(yè)行為理論和代理理論，構建了一個綜合的理論框架。企業(yè)行為理論主張，企業(yè)的決策行為不僅受到外部環(huán)境的影響，還受到其內部認知和行為的制約。代理理論則強調了管理者與股東之間的利益沖突，以及這種沖突如何影響企業(yè)的決策。Whenconductingin-depthresearchontherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandcorporateriskdecision-making,wecombinedcorporatebehaviortheoryandagencytheorytoconstructacomprehensivetheoreticalframework.Thetheoryofcorporatebehavioradvocatesthatacompany'sdecision-makingbehaviorisnotonlyinfluencedbytheexternalenvironment,butalsoconstrainedbyitsinternalcognitionandbehavior.Theagencytheoryemphasizestheconflictofinterestbetweenmanagersandshareholders,andhowthisconflictaffectsthedecision-makingoftheenterprise.根據企業(yè)行為理論，我們假設企業(yè)會根據其期望績效反饋來調整其風險決策。當企業(yè)的實際績效低于預期時，可能會引發(fā)認知失調，促使企業(yè)采取更加冒險的策略來尋求績效改善。相反，當實際績效超過預期時，企業(yè)可能會變得更加謹慎，以維持其良好的績效表現。Accordingtothetheoryofcorporatebehavior,weassumethatcompanieswilladjusttheirriskdecisionsbasedontheirexpectedperformancefeedback.Whentheactualperformanceofacompanyislowerthanexpected,itmaytriggercognitivedissonance,promptingthecompanytoadoptmoreriskystrategiestoseekperformanceimprovement.Onthecontrary,whenactualperformanceexceedsexpectations,companiesmaybecomemorecautioustomaintaintheirgoodperformance.從代理理論的視角來看，管理者可能會利用期望績效反饋來操縱企業(yè)的風險決策，以滿足自身的利益。例如，當實際績效低于預期時，管理者可能會選擇高風險的項目來轉移股東的注意力，或者通過冒險行為來尋求個人的職業(yè)發(fā)展。而當實際績效超過預期時，管理者可能會選擇更加保守的策略來避免失敗，以維護自己的聲譽和地位。Fromtheperspectiveofagencytheory,managersmayuseexpectedperformancefeedbacktomanipulateacompany'sriskdecisionsinordertosatisfytheirowninterests.Forexample,whenactualperformancefallsshortofexpectations,managersmaychoosehigh-riskprojectstodivertshareholderattention,orseekpersonalcareerdevelopmentthroughriskybehavior.Whenactualperformanceexceedsexpectations,managersmaychoosemoreconservativestrategiestoavoidfailureandmaintaintheirreputationandstatus.綜合這兩種理論，我們提出以下研究假設：期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間存在非線性關系，具體表現為當實際績效低于預期時，企業(yè)傾向于采取更加冒險的策略；當實際績效超過預期時，企業(yè)則傾向于采取更加保守的策略。我們還假設這種關系受到企業(yè)內部治理機制的影響，如董事會監(jiān)督、股權激勵等，這些機制可能會緩解管理者與股東之間的利益沖突，從而影響企業(yè)的風險決策。Basedonthesetwotheories,weproposethefollowingresearchhypothesis:thereisanon-linearrelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-making,whichismanifestedinthetendencyofenterprisestoadoptmoreriskystrategieswhenactualperformanceislowerthanexpected;Whenactualperformanceexceedsexpectations,companiestendtoadoptmoreconservativestrategies.Wealsoassumethatthisrelationshipisinfluencedbyinternalgovernancemechanismswithinthecompany,suchasboardsupervision,equityincentives,etc.Thesemechanismsmayalleviateconflictsofinterestbetweenmanagersandshareholders,therebyaffectingthecompany'sriskdecision-making.在接下來的研究中，我們將通過實證分析來檢驗這些假設，并深入探討期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的內在機制。這不僅有助于我們更好地理解企業(yè)的決策行為，還可以為企業(yè)的風險管理和內部治理提供有益的啟示。Inthefollowingresearch,wewilltestthesehypothesesthroughempiricalanalysisanddelveintotheunderlyingmechanismbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-making.Thisnotonlyhelpsusbetterunderstandthedecision-makingbehaviorofenterprises,butalsoprovidesusefulinsightsforriskmanagementandinternalgovernanceofenterprises.四、研究方法與數據收集Researchmethodsanddatacollection本研究采用定性與定量相結合的研究方法，旨在全面深入地探討期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系，并從企業(yè)行為理論與代理理論的整合視角出發(fā)，為理解企業(yè)風險決策過程提供新的理論框架。Thisstudyadoptsacombinationofqualitativeandquantitativeresearchmethods,aimingtocomprehensivelyanddeeplyexploretherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-making.Startingfromtheintegrationperspectiveofenterprisebehaviortheoryandagencytheory,itprovidesanewtheoreticalframeworkforunderstandingtheenterpriseriskdecision-makingprocess.在定性研究方面，本研究通過深度訪談、案例研究等方法，收集來自企業(yè)高層管理者、中層管理者以及基層員工的一手數據。訪談對象的選擇遵循多樣性和代表性的原則，包括不同行業(yè)、不同規(guī)模和不同發(fā)展階段的企業(yè)。通過訪談，我們深入了解企業(yè)在面對期望績效反饋時如何調整風險決策，以及這一過程中涉及的關鍵影響因素和機制。Intermsofqualitativeresearch,thisstudycollectedfirst-handdatafromseniormanagers,middlemanagers,andgrassrootsemployeesthroughin-depthinterviews,casestudies,andothermethods.Theselectionofintervieweesfollowstheprinciplesofdiversityandrepresentativeness,includingenterprisesfromdifferentindustries,scales,anddevelopmentstages.Throughinterviews,wegainadeeperunderstandingofhowcompaniesadjustriskdecisionswhenfacingexpectedperformancefeedback,aswellasthekeyinfluencingfactorsandmechanismsinvolvedinthisprocess.在定量研究方面，本研究采用問卷調查法，通過在線和紙質形式向全國范圍內的企業(yè)發(fā)放問卷。問卷設計基于文獻回顧和理論推導，包含期望績效反饋、企業(yè)風險決策、企業(yè)行為理論與代理理論相關變量等多個維度。為確保問卷的有效性和可靠性，我們進行了預測試，并根據反饋結果對問卷進行了修訂和完善。Intermsofquantitativeresearch,thisstudyadoptsaquestionnairesurveymethod,distributingquestionnairestoenterprisesnationwidethroughonlineandpaperforms.Thequestionnairedesignisbasedonliteraturereviewandtheoreticalderivation,includingmultipledimensionssuchasexpectedperformancefeedback,enterpriseriskdecision-making,variablesrelatedtoenterprisebehaviortheoryandagencytheory.Toensurethevalidityandreliabilityofthequestionnaire,weconductedpretestingandrevisedandimprovedthequestionnairebasedonfeedbackresults.在數據收集過程中，我們嚴格遵守研究倫理，確保受訪者的匿名性和數據的安全性。為提高數據的代表性和可信度，我們采用了大樣本調查的方法，力求涵蓋不同行業(yè)、不同地區(qū)和不同規(guī)模的企業(yè)。Intheprocessofdatacollection,westrictlyadheretoresearchethicstoensuretheanonymityofrespondentsandthesecurityofdata.Toimprovetherepresentativenessandcredibilityofthedata,weadoptedalargesamplesurveymethod,aimingtocoverenterprisesofdifferentindustries,regions,andscales.通過對定性數據和定量數據的綜合分析，本研究將揭示期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的內在關系，以及企業(yè)行為理論與代理理論在其中的作用機制。這一研究方法將為我們提供更為全面和深入的理解，為企業(yè)的風險決策實踐提供理論支持和指導。Throughacomprehensiveanalysisofqualitativeandquantitativedata,thisstudywillrevealtheinherentrelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-making,aswellasthemechanismsoftheroleofenterprisebehaviortheoryandagencytheoryinit.Thisresearchmethodwillprovideuswithamorecomprehensiveandin-depthunderstanding,andprovidetheoreticalsupportandguidancefortheriskdecision-makingpracticeofenterprises.五、實證分析Empiricalanalysis本研究采用定量分析方法，通過收集企業(yè)績效反饋數據和企業(yè)風險決策相關數據，運用統(tǒng)計軟件對數據進行處理和分析，以揭示期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系，并從企業(yè)行為理論和代理理論的整合視角對實證結果進行解釋和討論。Thisstudyadoptsquantitativeanalysismethodstocollectperformancefeedbackdataandenterpriseriskdecision-makingrelateddata.Statisticalsoftwareisusedtoprocessandanalyzethedatatorevealtherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-making.Theempiricalresultsareexplainedanddiscussedfromtheperspectiveofintegratingenterprisebehaviortheoryandagencytheory.本研究通過問卷調查的方式，對多家企業(yè)的管理者和員工進行了調研。問卷設計涵蓋了企業(yè)績效反饋的各個方面，包括實際績效與期望績效的差距、績效反饋的及時性、績效反饋的明確性等，同時也涉及了企業(yè)風險決策的相關內容，如風險偏好、風險承擔意愿等。通過問卷調查，本研究獲得了大量的一手數據，為后續(xù)的實證分析提供了堅實的基礎。Thisstudyconductedasurveyonmanagersandemployeesofmultiplecompaniesthroughaquestionnairesurvey.Thequestionnairedesigncoversvariousaspectsofenterpriseperformancefeedback,includingthegapbetweenactualperformanceandexpectedperformance,thetimelinessandclarityofperformancefeedback,andalsoinvolvesrelevantcontentofenterpriseriskdecision-making,suchasriskpreferenceandwillingnesstotakerisks.Throughaquestionnairesurvey,thisstudyobtainedalargeamountoffirst-handdata,providingasolidfoundationforsubsequentempiricalanalysis.本研究運用描述性統(tǒng)計方法對收集到的數據進行了初步分析，以了解數據的分布情況和基本特征。在此基礎上，本研究采用了回歸分析方法，探討了期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系。通過回歸分析，本研究發(fā)現期望績效反饋對企業(yè)風險決策具有顯著影響，且這種影響在不同的企業(yè)類型和不同的發(fā)展階段存在差異性。Thisstudyconductedapreliminaryanalysisofthecollecteddatausingdescriptivestatisticalmethodstounderstandthedistributionandbasiccharacteristicsofthedata.Onthisbasis,thisstudyadoptedregressionanalysismethodtoexploretherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-making.Throughregressionanalysis,thisstudyfoundthatexpectedperformancefeedbackhasasignificantimpactonenterpriseriskdecision-making,andthisimpactvariesamongdifferenttypesofenterprisesanddifferentstagesofdevelopment.本研究結合企業(yè)行為理論和代理理論，對實證結果進行了深入的解釋和討論。從企業(yè)行為理論的視角來看，期望績效反饋作為企業(yè)內外部環(huán)境信息的重要來源，能夠影響企業(yè)管理者的認知和決策過程，從而影響企業(yè)的風險決策。而從代理理論的視角來看，期望績效反饋作為一種激勵機制，能夠激發(fā)企業(yè)管理者的積極性和創(chuàng)造力，進而影響企業(yè)的風險決策。通過整合這兩種理論，本研究對期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系進行了全面的分析，為企業(yè)管理實踐提供了有益的啟示和建議。Thisstudyprovidesanin-depthexplanationanddiscussionoftheempiricalresultsbycombiningcorporatebehaviortheoryandagencytheory.Fromtheperspectiveofcorporatebehaviortheory,expectedperformancefeedback,asanimportantsourceofinternalandexternalenvironmentalinformation,caninfluencethecognitionanddecision-makingprocessofenterprisemanagers,therebyaffectingtheriskdecision-makingoftheenterprise.Fromtheperspectiveofagencytheory,expectedperformancefeedback,asanincentivemechanism,canstimulatetheenthusiasmandcreativityofenterprisemanagers,therebyinfluencingtheriskdecision-makingoftheenterprise.Byintegratingthesetwotheories,thisstudycomprehensivelyanalyzestherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-making,providingusefulinsightsandsuggestionsforenterprisemanagementpractices.本研究通過實證分析揭示了期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系，并從企業(yè)行為理論和代理理論的整合視角對實證結果進行了深入的解釋和討論。研究結果表明，期望績效反饋對企業(yè)風險決策具有重要影響，且這種影響在不同類型的企業(yè)和不同的發(fā)展階段存在差異。因此，企業(yè)在制定風險決策時應充分考慮期望績效反饋的影響，并根據自身的實際情況采取相應的管理策略。本研究也為未來的研究提供了有益的參考和借鑒。Thisstudyrevealstherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandcorporateriskdecision-makingthroughempiricalanalysis,andprovidesacomprehensiveexplanationanddiscussionoftheempiricalresultsfromtheperspectiveofintegratingcorporatebehaviortheoryandagencytheory.Theresearchresultsindicatethatexpectedperformancefeedbackhasasignificantimpactonenterpriseriskdecision-making,andthisimpactvariesamongdifferenttypesofenterprisesanddifferentstagesofdevelopment.Therefore,whenmakingriskdecisions,enterprisesshouldfullyconsidertheimpactofexpectedperformancefeedbackandadoptcorrespondingmanagementstrategiesbasedontheiractualsituation.Thisstudyalsoprovidesusefulreferencesandinsightsforfutureresearch.六、結論與建議Conclusionandrecommendations本研究通過整合企業(yè)行為理論與代理理論，深入探討了期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系。研究發(fā)現，期望績效反饋對企業(yè)風險決策具有顯著影響，且這種影響在不同類型的企業(yè)和情境下呈現出一定的差異性。具體來說，當企業(yè)面臨正向績效反饋時，更有可能采取積極的風險決策，以擴大市場份額和追求更高的利潤；而當企業(yè)面臨負向績效反饋時，則可能更加謹慎，傾向于規(guī)避風險或采取更為保守的策略。Thisstudyintegratescorporatebehaviortheoryandagencytheorytoexploretherelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandcorporateriskdecision-makingindepth.Researchhasfoundthatexpectedperformancefeedbackhasasignificantimpactonenterpriseriskdecision-making,andthisimpactshowscertaindifferencesindifferenttypesofenterprisesandcontexts.Specifically,whenfacingpositiveperformancefeedback,enterprisesaremorelikelytotakeproactiveriskdecisionstoexpandmarketshareandpursuehigherprofits;Whenfacingnegativeperformancefeedback,companiesmaybemorecautiousandtendtoavoidrisksoradoptmoreconservativestrategies.企業(yè)應建立完善的績效反饋機制，確保管理層能夠及時、準確地了解企業(yè)的經營狀況和市場環(huán)境。這有助于管理層根據績效反饋調整風險決策，提高企業(yè)的市場適應性和競爭力。Enterprisesshouldestablishasoundperformancefeedbackmechanismtoensurethatmanagementcantimelyandaccuratelyunderstandthebusinesssituationandmarketenvironmentoftheenterprise.Thishelpsmanagementadjustriskdecisionsbasedonperformancefeedback,improvingthecompany'smarketadaptabilityandcompetitiveness.在制定風險決策時，企業(yè)應綜合考慮自身的資源條件、能力水平以及市場環(huán)境等因素。對于具有明顯優(yōu)勢的企業(yè)，可以適當增加風險投入，以獲取更多的市場機會；而對于資源有限或處于弱勢地位的企業(yè)，則應更加注重風險控制，避免盲目擴張和冒險行為。Whenmakingriskdecisions,enterprisesshouldcomprehensivelyconsiderfactorssuchastheirresourceconditions,capabilitylevel,andmarketenvironment.Forenterpriseswithobviousadvantages,itispossibletoincreaseriskinvestmentappropriatelytoobtainmoremarketopportunities;Forenterpriseswithlimitedresourcesorinadisadvantagedposition,moreattentionshouldbepaidtoriskcontroltoavoidblindexpansionandriskybehavior.企業(yè)應加強對管理層的風險教育和培訓，提高其風險意識和風險管理能力。通過培養(yǎng)具有風險意識的管理團隊，企業(yè)可以更好地應對市場變化和不確定性，減少因決策失誤帶來的風險損失。Enterprisesshouldstrengthenriskeducationandtrainingformanagementtoenhancetheirriskawarenessandriskmanagementcapabilities.Bycultivatingariskawaremanagementteam,enterprisescanbettercopewithmarketchangesanduncertainties,andreducerisklossescausedbydecision-makingerrors.建立健全的內部控制體系和風險管理機制，確保企業(yè)風險決策的科學性和合理性。通過制定完善的風險管理制度和流程，企業(yè)可以對風險進行有效識別、評估和控制，確保企業(yè)的穩(wěn)健發(fā)展。Establishasoundinternalcontrolsystemandriskmanagementmechanismtoensurethescientificityandrationalityofenterpriseriskdecision-making.Byestablishingsoundriskmanagementsystemsandprocesses,enterprisescaneffectivelyidentify,evaluate,andcontrolrisks,ensuringtheirstabledevelopment.期望績效反饋與企業(yè)風險決策之間的關系是一個復雜而重要的問題。通過整合企業(yè)行為理論與代理理論，本研究為理解這一問題提供了新的視角和啟示。未來的研究可以進一步深入探討不同情境下期望績效反饋對企業(yè)風險決策的影響機制，為企業(yè)實踐提供更為具體和實用的指導。Therelationshipbetweenexpectedperformancefeedbackandenterpriseriskdecision-makingisacomplexandimportantissue.Byintegratingcorporatebehaviortheoryandagencytheory,thisstudyprovidesanewperspectiveandinspirationforunderstandingthisissue.Futureresearchcanfurtherexploretheimpactmechanismofexpectedperformancefeedbackonenterpriseriskdecision-makingindifferentcontexts,providingmorespecificandpracticalguidanceforenterprisepractice.八、附錄Appendix本研究采用定量與定性相結合的研究方法，具體包括問卷調查、深度訪談、文檔分析等。問卷設計基于企業(yè)行為理論與代理理論的框架，涵蓋期望績效反饋、企業(yè)風險決策及其相關變量。調查對象涵蓋不同行業(yè)、規(guī)模的企業(yè)，確保數據的廣泛性和代表性。Thisstudyadoptsacombinationofquantitativeandqualitativeresearchmethods,includingquestionnairesurveys,in-depthinterviews,documentanalysis,etc.Thequestionnairedesignis