西北狼聯(lián)盟高三開(kāi)學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

西北狼聯(lián)盟2020—2021學(xué)年度開(kāi)學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高2021屆英語(yǔ)試題（全卷共六個(gè)大題，滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘）第Ⅰ卷(共三部分)第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersbringtothepicnic?A.Somedrinks.B.Somefruit.C.Somedesserts.2.Whatdidthemanlikeaboutthemovie?A.Theacting.B.Themusic.C.Thescenery.3.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Playbaseball.B.Watchagame.C.Doherwork.4.Whatwillthewomanworkas?A.Anassistant.B.Alawyer.C.Ateacher.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.AnewTVset.B.ATVprogram.C.Aradioprogram.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemantaketoschool?A.Fivebooks.B.Threepens.C.Tworulers.7.Whydoestheman’sbackhurt?A.Hestudiesfortoolong.B.Hepicksupsomedictionaries.C.Hecarriesaheavybackpack.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wholostthecarkeys?A.Kelsey.B.Tim.C.David.9.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacar.B.Inthemainoffice.C.InTim’soffice.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdoesEmmaneed?A.Dresses.B.Shirts.C.Pants.11.WhyisEmmaunsureofthestore?A.Shewantsthelateststyles.B.Shewantsalotofchoices.C.Shewantshelpfulclerks.12WhatdoesEmmaoftendo?A.Sheoftengoestofashionshows.B.Sheoftenreadsthefashionmagazines.C.Sheoftenshopsinthedepartmentstore.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whogotanewjob?A.Anna.B.Anna’sfather.C.Anna’smother.14.WhatdoweknowaboutAnna’snewhouse?A.Ithassmallrooms.B.Ithasfewwindows.C.Ithasmanytreesaroundit.15.HowdoesAnnafeelabouttheoldhouse?A.Shemissesit.B.Shethinksit’spretty.C.Shelovesitthemost.16.WhenisDaveingoverprobably?A.Thissummer.B.Thisweekend.C.Nextweekend.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisamajorchallengethatStevieWonderhashadtoface?A.Hisunsuccessfulrecords.B.Pressurefromothermusicians.CNotbeingabletousehiseyes.18.WhendidStevieWonderstarthisprofessionalcareer?A.Attheageof6.B.Attheageof11.C.Attheageof19.19.HowmanyGrammyAwardsdidStevieWonderreceive?A.10.B.25.C.30.20.WhatkindsofsongsdidStevieWonderoftenrecord?A.Rapsongsaboutlife.B.Sadsongsaboutdeath.C.Happysongsaboutlove.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AOurAnnualCulturalEventsANightinRioWeareproudtobringtheenergyandenthusiasmofBrazilianCarnivaltoCharlottewithANightinRio!GetatasteofCarnivalthroughdancing,livemusic,authenticfood,drinksandmarketplace.Putonyourgreenandyellow,andjoinusfortheunforgettableexperienceofBrazilianCarnival!Date:Saturday,February24,2019Location:NeighborhoodTheatre,CharlotteTime:7PMTICKETSAVAILABLEONLYATTHEDOORRitmo&SaborWearethrilledtobringtheannualcelebrationRitmo&SaborFestival!FeaturingdanceperformancesandFREEdancelessonsanddelicious,authenticLatincuisine,thisfestivalwillbeafantasticcelebrationfortheentirefamilytoenjoy!Foodandbeerwillbeavailableforpurchase.eouttoenjoyagreatsummereveningofRitmo&Sabor!Date:SaturdayJuly2,2019Location:International&CulturalCenter,CharlotteTime:511PMFREEADMISSIONLasAméricasJoinusintheannualcelebrationLASAMéRICAS!WedisplayourhistoryandidentityofLatinAmericathroughmusicalperformances,storytellingandpoetry.Enjoyyourselfwithlocalartists,shopyourwaythroughamarketofartsandcraftsandjoininsomeofthefinestLatinAmericancuisine.Date:August18,2019Location:MidwoodInternational&CultureCenter,CharlotteTime:27PMAdmissionisFREE.LatinAmericanFestivalFestivalLatinoamericanoreturnsforits28thyear,withmusicalartistsanddanceperformances,adiverseauthenticselectionofLatinAmericanfood,visualartists,andastreetfestivalenvironmentwithactivitiesforthewholefamily.Location:SymphonyParkatSouthParkMall,CharlotteDate:SaturdaySept.29(18pm)Admission:$10;Childrenaged8&underarefree.1.WhatdoesRitmo&Sabormainlyprovide?A.Musicandvisualart. B.Foodandbeer.C.Danceandpoetry. D.Danceandfood.2.Whicheventrequiresaticketforasevenyearoldchild?A.LasAméricas. B.Ritmo&Sabor.C.ANightinRio. D.LatinAmericanFestival.3.Theeventin_________isheldinthefirstquarteroftheyear.A.NeighborhoodTheatre B.International&CulturalCenterC.MidwoodInternational&CultureCenter D.Symphony【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)年度文化活動(dòng)的情況，包括活動(dòng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)以及收費(fèi)情況等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ritmo&Sabor部分中“FeaturingdanceperformancesandFREEdancelessonsanddelicious,authenticLatincuisine,thisfestivalwillbeafantasticcelebrationfortheentirefamilytoenjoy!(以舞蹈表演、免費(fèi)舞蹈課程和美味、正宗的拉丁美食為特色，這個(gè)節(jié)日將是全家人一起享受的美妙慶?；顒?dòng)！)”可知，Ritmo&Sabor主要提供舞蹈和食物。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ANightinRio部分中“TICKETSAVAILABLEONLYATTHEDOOR(票只在門口有售)”；Ritmo&Sabor部分中“FREEADMISSION(免門票)”；LasAméricas部分中“AdmissionisFREE.(免門票)”以及LatinAmericanFestival部分中“Admission:$10;Childrenaged8&underarefree.(門票：10美元；8歲及以下兒童免費(fèi))”可知，ANightinRio活動(dòng)需要7歲小孩買票。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ANightinRio部分中“Date:Saturday,February24,2019；Location:NeighborhoodTheatre,Charlotte(活動(dòng)日期：2019年2月24日，星期六；地點(diǎn)：NeighborhoodTheatre,Charlotte)”Ritmo&Sabor部分中“Date:SaturdayJuly2,2019(活動(dòng)日期：2019年7月2日，星期六)”；LasAméricas部分中“Date:August18,2019(活動(dòng)日期：2019年8月18日)”以及LatinAmericanFestival部分中“Date:SaturdaySept.29(18pm)(活動(dòng)日期：9月29日，星期六，晚上1點(diǎn)到8點(diǎn))”可知，NeighborhoodTheatre內(nèi)的活動(dòng)于今年第一季度舉行。故選A。BJamesHarrisonhasdonatedbloodfromhisrightarm,nearlyeveryweekforthepast60years.Thereasoncandatebackaseriousmedicaloperation.Attheageof14,JamesHarrisonhadamajorchestoperationandherequired13units(3.4gallons)ofbloodafterwards.Theblooddonationssavedhislife,andhedecidedthatonceheturned18,hewouldbegindonatingbloodasregularlyashecould.Morethan60yearsandalmost1,200donationslater,Harrison,whosebloodcontainsanantibody(抗體)thathassavedthelivesof2.4millionbabiesfrommiscarriages(流產(chǎn)),retiredasablooddonoronMay11.Harrison’sbloodisvaluablebecausehenaturallyproducesRhnegativeblood,whichcontainsRhpositiveantibodies.HisbloodhasbeenusedtocreateantiDinAustraliasince1967.“EverybottleofAntiDevermadeinAustraliahasJames’init,”RobynBarlow,theRhprogramdirectortoldtheSydneyMorningHerald.“It’sanamazingthing.Hehassavedmillionsofbabies.Icryjustthinkingaboutit.”Sincethen,Harrisonhasdonatedbetween500and800millilitersofbloodalmosteveryweek.He’smade1,162donationsfromhisrightarmand10fromhisleft.“I’dkeepgoingiftheyletme,”HarrisontoldtheHerald.Hisdoctorssaiditwastimetostopthedonations—andtheycertainlydon’ttakethemlightly.Theyhadalreadyextendedtheagelimitforblooddonationsforhim,andthey’recuttinghimoffnowtoprotecthishealth.Hemadehisfinaldonationsurroundedbysomeofthemothersandbabieswhohisbloodhelpedsave.Harrison’sretirementisablowtotheRhtreatmentprograminAustralia.Only160donorssupporttheprogram,andfindingnewdonorshasproventobedifficult.ButHarrison’sretirementfromgivingblooddoesn’tmeanhe’spletelyoutofthegame.ScientistsarecollectingandcataloginghisDNAtocreatealibraryofantibodiesandwhitebloodcellsthatcouldbethefutureoftheantiDprograminAustralia.4.WhatdoweknowaboutJamesHarrison?A.Heistoretireasablooddonor. B.Hesaved2.4millionpoorpeople.C.Hedonatesbloodnearlyeveryday. D.Heisaverygratefulblooddonor.5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingParagraph5?A.TodescribehowHarrison’sdonationsetoanend.B.TointroducesomebabiessavedbyHarrison’sblood.C.TostateHarrison’sdecisiontocontinuedonatingblood.D.TopraiseHarrisonforhiscooperationwiththedoctors.6WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutHarrison?A.Newdonorsareeasytofindinashorttime.B.HecontinuestocontributetotheRhprogram.C.HisDNAiskeptinalibraryforfuturestudy.D.Afterhisretirement,theRhprogramwillfail.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AUniqueManwithaRareBloodType B.ASpecialBloodTypeDonortoRetireC.TheManwiththe“GoldenArm” D.TheBloodSavingMillionsofBabies【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了JamesHarrison14歲時(shí)，做了一次重大的胸部手術(shù)后，決定一旦年滿18歲，就開(kāi)始盡可能地獻(xiàn)血，以幫助有需要的人們。并且他的一生也確實(shí)獻(xiàn)了許多血，救助了許多人，也為Rhprogram做出了貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Attheageof14,JamesHarrisonhadamajorchestoperationandherequired13units(3.4gallons)ofbloodafterwards.Theblooddonationssavedhislife,andhedecidedthatonceheturned18,hewouldbegindonatingbloodasregularlyashecould.”（14歲時(shí)，詹姆斯·哈里森(JamesHarrison)做了一次大型胸部手術(shù)，之后需要13單位(3.4加侖)的血液。獻(xiàn)血挽救了他的生命，他決定一到18歲，就開(kāi)始盡可能定期獻(xiàn)血。）可推知，他是一個(gè)心存感激的獻(xiàn)血者。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Hisdoctorssaiditwastimetostopthedonations—andtheycertainlydon’ttakethemlightly.Theyhadalreadyextendedtheagelimitforblooddonationsforhim,andthey’recuttinghimoffnowtoprotecthishealth.Hemadehisfinaldonationsurroundedbysomeofthemothersandbabieswhohisbloodhelpedsave.”（他的醫(yī)生說(shuō)，是時(shí)候停止捐贈(zèng)了——他們當(dāng)然不會(huì)掉以輕心。他們已經(jīng)延長(zhǎng)了他獻(xiàn)血的年齡限制，為了保護(hù)他的健康，他們現(xiàn)在要停止他的獻(xiàn)血。他最后一次獻(xiàn)血時(shí)，周圍都是用他的血拯救的母親和嬰兒。）可知，第五段主要描述哈里森的獻(xiàn)血是如何結(jié)束的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段““I’dkeepgoingiftheyletme,”HarrisontoldtheHerald.”（哈里森告訴《先驅(qū)報(bào)》說(shuō):“如果他們?cè)试S，我會(huì)繼續(xù)下去。”）可推知，他會(huì)繼續(xù)為Rh項(xiàng)目做貢獻(xiàn)。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一段的“JamesHarrisonhasdonatedbloodfromhisrightarm,nearlyeveryweekforthepast60years.”（在過(guò)去的60年里，詹姆斯·哈里森幾乎每周都捐獻(xiàn)右臂血液。）可知，本文主要講述了JamesHarrison14歲時(shí)，做了一次重大的胸部手術(shù)后，決定一旦年滿18歲，就開(kāi)始盡可能地獻(xiàn)血，以幫助有需要的人們。并且他的一生也確實(shí)獻(xiàn)了許多血，救助了許多人，也為Rhprogram做出了貢獻(xiàn)。C項(xiàng)：TheManwiththe“GoldenArm”（那個(gè)擁有黃金手臂的人）可作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。CItiscalledamobility（移動(dòng)性）systemorwheelchair—anditcanbeseenatTokyoAirportmovingonitsown.Themobilitysystemseatsonepersonandisabletofinditswayonitsownwithouthittinganything.Ithasapreprogrammedpathofabout600metersatTokyo’sHanedaInternationalWHILLChiefExecutiveSatoshiSugiesaidroboticsandselfdrivingtechnologyreducetheneedforahumanatthewheel.Theyareespeciallyusefulinthesedifficulttimeswhenwearelivingwiththecoronavirus（冠狀病毒）.“Weare…developingourbusinessinordertohelprestoreaworldwherepeoplecanenjoymovingaroundwithpeaceofmind,”Sugiesaid.Thesystemishelpingwithsocialdistancingwhilefightingthespreadofthecoronavirus.Italsohelpsolderpassengersandthosewhoneedhelpwalkingthelastfewstepstotheboardinggate.What’smore,itcouldhelpJapanfreeuplabor.Japan,likemanyothernations,suffersfromalaborshortage.Thetechnologycouldfreeaworkertodoanotherjob.Testshavebeencarriedoutatseveralairportssincelastyear,includingJohnF.KennedyInternationalAirportinNewYork.Thepanyhopestoputitinairportsaroundtheworld.8.Whatisspecialaboutthemobilitysystem?A.Itproducesnopollution. B.Itworksbysolarenergy.C.Itneedsnohelpattheairport. D.Itadjuststhespeedtothepath.9.WhatdoesSatoshiSugiethinkofthewheelchair?A.Itisuselesstosomepeople. B.Itiswellworthusingwidely.C.Itneedstobefurthertested. D.Itmaynotworkwellinotherplaces.10Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Variousdifficultiesofboarding.B.Newtreatmentforthecoronavirus.C.Thereasonsforalaborshortage.D.Theadvantagesofthemobilitysystem.11.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A.Scienceandtechnology.. B.Businessandculture.C.Sportsandmusic D.Geographyandhistory.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了東京機(jī)場(chǎng)的一種移動(dòng)系統(tǒng)或輪椅。該系統(tǒng)不費(fèi)人力、自行導(dǎo)航，可廣泛應(yīng)用于機(jī)場(chǎng)、醫(yī)院或公園等場(chǎng)所，有望得到廣泛應(yīng)用?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Itiscalledamobility（移動(dòng)性）systemorwheelchair—anditcanbeseenatTokyoAirportmovingonitsown.”（它被稱為移動(dòng)系統(tǒng)或輪椅ーー在東京機(jī)場(chǎng)可以看到它自己在移動(dòng)。）?？芍@個(gè)移動(dòng)系統(tǒng)不需要外在的幫助，靠自己運(yùn)行。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“WHILLChiefExecutiveSatoshiSugiesaidroboticsandselfdrivingtechnologyreducetheneedforahumanatthewheel.Theyareespeciallyusefulinthesedifficulttimeswhenwearelivingwiththecoronavirus（冠狀病毒）.”（WHILL首席執(zhí)行官SatoshiSugie表示，機(jī)器人技術(shù)和自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)減少了駕駛員的需求。在我們患有冠狀病毒的這些困難時(shí)期，它們特別有用。）““Weare…developingourbusinessinordertohelprestoreaworldwherepeoplecanenjoymovingaroundwithpeaceofmind,””（我們正在......發(fā)展我們的業(yè)務(wù)，以幫助恢復(fù)一個(gè)人們可以以和平的心態(tài)自由移動(dòng)的世界）可知，SatoshiSugie認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)非常有用，值得廣泛推廣運(yùn)用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主題大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Thesystemishelpingwithsocialdistancingwhilefightingthespreadofthecoronavirus.Italsohelpsolderpassengersandthosewhoneedhelpwalkingthelastfewstepstotheboardinggate.What’smore,itcouldhelpJapanfreeuplabor.Japan,likemanyothernations,suffersfromalaborshortage.Thetechnologycouldfreeaworkertodoanotherjob.”（這個(gè)系統(tǒng)在阻止冠狀病毒傳播的同時(shí)，也有助于擴(kuò)大社會(huì)距離。它還可以幫助老年乘客和那些需要幫助的人走完登機(jī)口的最后幾步。更重要的是，它可以幫助日本解放勞動(dòng)力。日本和其他許多國(guó)家一樣，也面臨著勞動(dòng)力短缺的問(wèn)題。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以解放一個(gè)工人去做另一項(xiàng)工作。）可知，第四段主要介紹了移動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的各種優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。A主要介紹了東京機(jī)場(chǎng)的一種移動(dòng)系統(tǒng)或輪椅。該系統(tǒng)不費(fèi)人力、自行導(dǎo)航，可廣泛應(yīng)用于機(jī)場(chǎng)、醫(yī)院或公園等場(chǎng)所，有望得到廣泛應(yīng)用。該產(chǎn)品是基于科學(xué)技術(shù)的，因此猜測(cè)這篇文章來(lái)自科學(xué)技術(shù)雜志。故選A項(xiàng)。DTheartificiallightingwhichlinestheworld’scoastlinescouldbehavingasignificanteffectonspeciesthatrelyonthemoonandstarstofindfood,newresearchsuggests.Creaturessuchasthesandhopperorientate（確定方位）theirnightlymigrationsbasedonthemoon’spositionandbrightnessofthenaturalnightsky.However,astudybyBangorUniversityandtheUniversityofPlymouthshowsthepresenceofartificiallightingfromcitiesseveralkilometresaway(alsoknownasartificialskyglow)Insomecases,thiscanleadtoanimalstravellingtowardstheseaandawayfromfood,whileinothersitreducesthechanceofthemriskingoutforfoodatall.WritinginCurrentBiology,researcherssaythiscouldthrowaclearthreatnotjusttothehealthofsandhopperpopulations(沙蚤種群)butalsothewiderecosystem,sincetheyplayanimportantroleinbreakingdownandrecyclingalgae(海藻)washeduponcoastlines.Dr.ThomasDavies,LecturerinMarineConservationattheUniversityofPlymouth(UK),said,“Artificialskyglowisthemostgeographicallywidespreadformoflightpollution.Surveyshaveshownitcancurrentlybedetectedabove23%oftheworld’scoastsnightly,andwithcoastalhumanpopulationssettoatleastdoubleby2060,itseffectsareonlygoingtoincrease.Ourresultsshowitisalreadyhavingobviouseffectsonbiologicalprocessesthatareguidedbycelestial（天上的）lightsignals.”Throughthestudy,researchersfindincreasingproofsthatlightpollutionfromcoastalcitiescaninfluencemarinespeciesinhabitingnearbybeaches,rockyshoresandeventheseafloor.Theseresultshighlighthowmassivecitylightingcouldbeinshapingtheecologyofcoastlineskilometresdistantfromtheirnearesturbancentres.Theyalsohighlightthepotentialforartificialskyglowtoaffectotherspeciesthatundergomigrationsusingthemoonasapass.“Whileourunderstandingoftheeffectofstreetlightsonnaturehasimprovedgreatly,artificialskyglowhasbeenlargelyoverlooked.Moreworkisurgentlyneededtofullyunderstandthedegreetowhichitisshapingthenaturalenvironment.”Dr.Thomas.12.Whichofthefollowingcouldbestreplace“disrupts”inparagraph2?A.disturbs B.makesC.unites D.replaces13.WhatdoesDr.ThomasDaviesexpressinparagraph4?A.Lightpollutionismoreseriousincoastalcities.B.Artificiallighthasbeenwidelyusedintheworld.C.Artificiallightisofgreatusetoanimals’migrations.D.Lightpollutioncausedbyartificialskyglowisontherise.14.Whathaveresearchersfoundaboutlightpollution?A.Itisthemainpollutionincities.B.Itshapestheecologyoftheocean.C.Ithasagreateffectonsurroundings.D.Itaffectsthemigrationsofseacreatures.15.WhatdoesDr.ThomasDaviesthinkofthestudyofartificialskyglow?A.Itisuseless. B.Itisquitenecessary.C.Itisdoubtful. D.Itischallenging.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要闡述一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，世界海岸線上的人工照明可能對(duì)依靠月球和恒星尋找食物的物種有重大影響。【12題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Creaturessuchasthesandhopperorientatetheirnightlymigrationsbasedonthemoon’spositionandbrightnessofthenaturalnightsky.（像沙蚤這樣的生物根據(jù)月亮的位置和自然夜晚的亮度來(lái)確定它們的夜間遷徙的方向）”緊接著出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折副詞“However”，因此推斷下文會(huì)出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折含義的內(nèi)容，再根據(jù)劃線句子中“thepresenceofartificiallightingfromcitiesseveralkilometresawaydisruptsthelunarpasstheyusewhencoveringlongdistances.”描述的是來(lái)自幾公里外城市的人工光對(duì)于它們長(zhǎng)距離遷徙時(shí)使用的月球羅盤產(chǎn)生的是disturb的影響，結(jié)合上下句語(yǔ)義和邏輯關(guān)系，可知這種影響是負(fù)面的，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)意思，可知A項(xiàng)“擾亂”符合文意。故選A。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Artificialskyglowisthemostgeographicallywidespreadformoflightpollution.Surveyshaveshownitcancurrentlybedetectedabove23%oftheworld’scoastsnightly,andwithcoastalhumanpopulationssettoatleastdoubleby2060,itseffectsareonlygoingtoincrease.（人造天空光是地理上最廣泛的一種光污染形式。調(diào)查表明，每晚在超過(guò)23%的世界海岸線被檢測(cè)到人造天空光。到2060年，海岸線人口將翻倍，人造天空光的影響只會(huì)繼續(xù)增加。）”由此可知人造天空光造成的光污染在增加，故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Theseresultshighlighthowmassivecitylightingcouldbeinshapingtheecologyofcoastlineskilometresdistantfromtheirnearesturbancentres.(這些研究結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)了城市的光在塑造海岸線的生態(tài)環(huán)境有非常巨大的影響，這些海岸線離最近的城市中心有數(shù)公里遠(yuǎn)）”由此可知，光污染對(duì)沿海城市的環(huán)境是有影響的，故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Whileourunderstandingoftheimpactsofstreetlightsonnaturehasimproveddramatically,artificialskyglowhasbeenlargelyoverlooked.Moreworkisurgentlyneededtofullyunderstandtheextenttowhichitisshapingthenaturalenvironment.(雖然我們對(duì)路燈對(duì)自然的影響的理解有了很大的提高，但人造天空光對(duì)自然的影響在很大程度上被忽視了。迫切需要開(kāi)展更多的工作，以充分了解它在多大程度上塑造了自然環(huán)境。)由此可推斷，ThomasDavies博士認(rèn)為我們對(duì)人造天空輝光的研究是非常有必要的，故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Therealtestofourmannerseswhenwearedealingwithourmostembarrassingmoments.Herearesometipsonhowtohandlethemwithgrace.Youruinasurprise.Ababyshowerorananniversarytripmeetsyourbigmouth.Nowthesecrethasbeengivenawayandyoufeelawful.Don’tlie.Makingupanotherstorytocoveryourlooselipsmeansyouhavetokeeponwithit.___16___“Oh,theyhaven’tmentionedapartytoyou?”Thatsaid,ifthedeedisdoneandthere’snowaytomakeitup,acceptresponsibilityandapologize.Youbreakwind(放屁)inpublic.Despiteeffortstocontainit,youletoneout.___17___Ifit’sobviousyouaretheoffender,asimple“pardonme”isenough.Nooneisinterestedinadetailedexplanationofwhatyouhadforlunch.Ifthesourceisunclear,youmightwanttojustletitintheair.There’snoneedtodrawattentiontoanawkwardsituationifyoudon’thaveto.___18___Imagineifyouwentinforacheekkiss?Itcouldhavebeenworse,butstill…awkward.Ifithappens,thebestyoucandoisjusthandleitwell.___19___Bearinmindthateyecontactwithsmileisthecureforeverything.Yousay,“Congratulations!Whenareyoudue?”Andshe’snotpregnant.Thisranksasoneoftheworstunintentionaloffenceyoucansaytoawoman.Yournextmoveshouldbesayingyou’resorry.Besincereaboutyourapology,andmostimportantly,moveon.___20___A.Youforgotsomeone’sname.B.Lookthepersonintheeye,smile.C.Youtryahugbutmeetahandshake.D.Thisletsthepeopleknowyoudorememberthem.E.Instead,trytoreintroducealittlequestion.F.Whetheryoutakeownershipdependsonthesituation.G.Continuingtoapologizeortalkingonandonaboutitonlymakesitworse.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.B20.G【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了幾種優(yōu)雅地應(yīng)對(duì)尷尬情況的方式?！?6題詳解】上文“Don’tlie.Makingupanotherstorytocoveryourlooselipsmeansyouhavetokeeponwithit.（不要撒謊。編一個(gè)故事掩蓋自己的“大嘴巴”意味著你要一直撒謊。）”說(shuō)明讓我們不要編故事，不要撒謊。那么該怎樣做呢？所以E選項(xiàng)的“Instead（反而，而是）”可以起到承上啟下的作用。下文“Oh,theyhaven’tmentionedapartytoyou?（他們還沒(méi)有給你提到這個(gè)聚會(huì)嗎？）”這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題，對(duì)應(yīng)了E選項(xiàng)中，“trytoreintroducealittlequestion.（試著再提出一個(gè)小問(wèn)題）”，故選E?！?7題詳解】上文“Despiteeffortstocontainit,youletoneout.（盡管你努力控制，但還是放屁了）”，下文“Ifit’sobviousyouaretheoffender,asimple"pardonme"isenough.（如果很明顯是你妨礙到大家，簡(jiǎn)單的一句“對(duì)不起”就夠了。）”以及“Ifthesourceisunclear,youmightwanttojustletitintheair.There’snoneedtodrawattentiontoanawkwardsituationifyoudon’thaveto.（如果來(lái)源不明顯，就讓它在空氣里。如果沒(méi)有必要，你不用讓自己處在尷尬中。）”綜合可知，公共場(chǎng)合放屁后，要根據(jù)具體情況來(lái)決定是否承認(rèn)是自己做的，這與選項(xiàng)F表達(dá)的意思一致，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的thesituation指的就是前面提到的兩種情況，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)第二、三、五段的段首的句式特點(diǎn)，可知第四段段首句句式應(yīng)該和其他三段一樣，答案應(yīng)該是A或者C。再根據(jù)下文“Imagineifyouwentinforacheekkiss?Itcouldhavebeenworse,butstill…awkward.（想象你進(jìn)去是親吻臉頰呢？這可能更糟糕，但這仍然是尷尬的。）”這句話描述了“打招呼”時(shí)遇到的一種尷尬的情況，所以上面也是類似這樣的糟糕的情況，選項(xiàng)C“Youtryahugbutmeetahandshake.（你想要擁抱得到的卻是握手）”，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。

【19題詳解】下文“Bearinmindthateyecontactwithsmileisthecureforeverything.（記住帶著微笑的眼神接觸可以治愈一切。）”選項(xiàng)B“Lookthepersonintheeye,smile.（看著對(duì)方的眼睛，微笑。）”滿足上下文的連貫，B項(xiàng)中的eye和smile對(duì)應(yīng)下文的eyecontactwithsmile，故選B。【20題詳解】上文“Besincereaboutyourapology,andmostimportantly,moveon.（對(duì)你的道歉要真誠(chéng)，最重要的是，道歉后，就繼續(xù)（別的話題或事情）。）”由此可知，道歉后，就不要再停留在這個(gè)話題上了，所以選項(xiàng)G“Continuingtoapologizeortalkingonandonaboutitonlymakesitworse.（繼續(xù)道歉或重復(fù)說(shuō)這件事只會(huì)讓事情更糟糕。）”進(jìn)一步解釋了上句的內(nèi)容，故選G。第三部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題，每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文。從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。YassinTerouownsarestaurantindowntownKnoxville.Onemorning,he___21___early,onlytofindsomeonehadattemptedtorobhisshop.Arockwas___22___thrownthroughthewindowandbrokenpieceswereseeneverywhere.Butsincethefoodismade___23___eachmorningandthecashregistersare___24___everynight,thethiefwentawayemptyhanded.Afterrealizingthepersonwhobrokeinwasprobably___25___insomeway,Yassin,insteadofbeing___26___,putupasignthatread“Ifyouarehungryorneedemergencymoney,just___27___tillweopen!Wearemorethanhappyto___28___youwhenweareopen!”Soundsunbelievable,right?ButtopeoplewhoknowYassin,itisnot___29___atall.WhenhefirstarrivedintheU.S.asarefugee（難民）,hestruggledtofindhis_____30_____becauseofdiscrimination.Buthequicklydiscoveredthebestwaytofightthe_____31_____hefeltwastobeloving.Withthehelpoflocalmunity（社區(qū)）,Yassin_____32_____arestaurant.Heweleseveryoneintohisrestaurant,regardlessoftheir_____33_____.Heknowsandgreetshundredsof_____34_____bynamedaily,andtherelaxedand_____35_____atmospheremakesvisitingfeellikeseeingfamily.Atonepoint,Yassinwasaccusedof“stealing_____36_____fromAmericans”bysomeonewhowaslaidoff.Despitethefactthatheisa_____37_____citizenofthiscountryandthatheshouldjusthaveignoredhim,hecalmlyofferedto_____38_____themanwhochargedhim.Yassin’srestaurantwas_____39_____withthetitleof“NicestPlaceofAmerica”byReadersDigestin2018.Hissuccessesfromthekindness,loveand_____40_____heshowsineverythinghedoes.Andofcourse,thefoodisdelicioustoo!21.A.droppedin B.slippedaway C.showedup D.movedout22.A.apparently B.carelessly C.casually D.narrowly23.A.delicious B.fresh C.attractive D.healthy24.A.checked B.cleaned C.removed D.emptied25.A.hiding B.promising C.suffering D.cheating26.A.disappointed B.annoyed C.relieved D.delighted27.A.wait B.continue C.escape D.search28.A.forgive B.acpany C.treat D.help29.A.satisfying B.amusing C.surprising D.challenging30.A.place B.strength C.interest D.style31.A.sympathy B.hate C.loneliness D.anxiety32.A.inspected B.visited C.decorated D.started33.A.appearances B.ages C.differences D.characters34.A.residents B.customers C.tourists D.neighbours35.A.friendly B.informal C.traditional D.quiet36.A.money B.food C.dreams D.jobs37.A.foreign B.legal C.former D.wealthy38.A.promote B.understand C.employ D.praise39.A.presented B.associated C.equipped D.covered40.A.courage B.enthusiasm C.confidence D.acceptance【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A36.D37.B38.C39.A40.D【解析】本文是記敘文。文章講述了YassinTerou的餐館在關(guān)門后被人闖入，但是小偷一無(wú)所獲。Yassin意識(shí)到闖入者可能正遭受某種痛苦后貼出標(biāo)語(yǔ)，表明自己愿意幫助他的故事并回顧了Yassin在美國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)的成功。除了食物的美味，他的成功來(lái)自于他對(duì)所做的一切都表現(xiàn)出的善良，熱愛(ài)和接受。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：一天早上，他很早就來(lái)到餐館，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有人曾企圖搶劫他的商店。A.droppedin臨時(shí)拜訪；B.slippedaway溜走；C.showedup出現(xiàn)；D.movedout搬出去。本段后面提到有人強(qiáng)行闖入了Yassin的餐館想要搶劫，Yassin在早晨來(lái)到餐館后發(fā)現(xiàn)了跡象，選擇showedup合乎語(yǔ)境。故選C。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然有一塊石頭從窗戶扔進(jìn)了餐館，屋內(nèi)到處都可以看到碎片。A.apparently顯然地；B.carelessly粗心地；C.casually隨便地；D.narrowly

勉強(qiáng)地，狹窄地。Yassin到達(dá)餐館后發(fā)現(xiàn)了有人用石塊打碎玻璃后進(jìn)入的證據(jù)，因此這是很明顯的。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，由于每天早晨都要新鮮烹制食物，并且每天晚上都要清空收銀機(jī)，所以小偷空手走了。A.delicious美味的；B.fresh新鮮的；C.attractive誘人的；D.healthy

健康的。小偷沒(méi)有偷到東西，說(shuō)明餐館每天的食物都是新準(zhǔn)備的。故選B。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，由于每天早晨都要新鮮烹制食物，并且每天晚上都要清空收銀機(jī)，所以小偷空手走了。A.checked檢查；B.cleaned清洗；C.removed移除；D.emptied

清空。and前后表示的是小偷空手離開(kāi)餐館的原因，即每天早晨餐館的食物都是新準(zhǔn)備的及收銀機(jī)每晚都會(huì)被清空。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在意識(shí)到闖入者可能遭受某種痛苦之后，Yassin沒(méi)有生氣，而是貼出標(biāo)語(yǔ)，上面寫(xiě)著“如果您餓了或急需用錢，請(qǐng)等我們開(kāi)門！”A.hiding隱藏；B.promising妥協(xié)；C.suffering遭受，受苦；D.cheating

作弊。由下一段的hungry可知，Yassin意識(shí)到這個(gè)小偷可能在遭受著饑餓，選擇suffering合乎語(yǔ)境。故選C。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在意識(shí)到闖入者可能遭受某種痛苦之后，Yassin沒(méi)有生氣，而是貼出標(biāo)語(yǔ)，上面寫(xiě)著“如果您餓了或急需用錢，請(qǐng)等我們開(kāi)門！”A.disappointed失望的；B.annoyed懊惱的；C.relieved寬慰的；D.delighted

欣喜的。Yassin因?yàn)橛腥藦?qiáng)行闖入店中會(huì)感到生氣的，但當(dāng)他意識(shí)到小偷可能在挨餓，他便不再生氣了。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在意識(shí)到闖入者可能遭受某種痛苦之后，Yassin沒(méi)有生氣，而是貼出標(biāo)語(yǔ)，上面寫(xiě)著“如果您餓了或急需用錢，請(qǐng)等我們開(kāi)門！”A.wait等待；B.continue繼續(xù)；C.escape逃逸；D.search

搜索。Yassin想幫助遭遇困境的人，因此張貼標(biāo)志，意在向其傳遞信息：“請(qǐng)等待我們開(kāi)門，你可以來(lái)店里得到我們的幫助”。選擇wait合乎語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們開(kāi)門的時(shí)候，我們非常樂(lè)于幫助你。A.forgive原諒；B.acpany陪伴；C.treat對(duì)待；D.help

幫助。由最后一段可知，Yassin是愿意幫助別人的人，因此此處選擇help合乎語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是對(duì)于認(rèn)識(shí)Yassin的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這一點(diǎn)也不令人驚訝。A.satisfying令人滿意的；B.amusing有趣的；C.surprising令人驚訝的；D.challenging

具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。由unbelievable及下一段Yassin樂(lè)于助人的事跡可知，了解Yassin的人對(duì)于他所做的事情不會(huì)感到驚訝的。故選C。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他以難民身份首次到達(dá)美國(guó)時(shí)，他由于受到歧視，因此很費(fèi)力地尋找自己的位置。A.place地點(diǎn)；B.strength強(qiáng)度；C.interest利益；D.style

樣式。Yassin初來(lái)美國(guó)時(shí)，因?yàn)槭艿狡缫暎诿绹?guó)社會(huì)很難找到自己的位置。findone’splace：找到自己的位置。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是他很快發(fā)現(xiàn)了抗擊仇恨的最佳方法是關(guān)愛(ài)他人。A.sympathy同情；B.hate討厭；C.loneliness孤獨(dú)；D.anxiety

焦慮。因?yàn)橛腥似缫昚assin，因此他感受到了別人對(duì)他的討厭。故選B。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的幫助下，Yassin開(kāi)了一家餐館。A.inspected檢查；B.visited參觀；C.decorated裝飾；D.started

開(kāi)始，啟動(dòng)。由下文的他歡迎每個(gè)人進(jìn)入餐館可知，來(lái)到美國(guó)后，他開(kāi)了一家餐館。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他歡迎每個(gè)人進(jìn)入他的餐廳，無(wú)論他們有什么區(qū)別。A.appearances出現(xiàn)；B.ages年齡；C.differences差異；D.characters

人物。Yassin歡迎每個(gè)人進(jìn)入餐館，因此他不去理會(huì)人和人的不同，他不會(huì)像某些人歧視他一樣而去歧視別人。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他每天都會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)并招呼數(shù)百名顧客，而輕松友好的氣氛使就餐者像看見(jiàn)家人一樣。A.residents居民；B.customers顧客；C.tourists游客；D.neighbours

鄰居。Yassin開(kāi)了餐館，因此每天要迎接很多顧客。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他每天都會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)并招呼數(shù)百名顧客的名字，而輕松友好的氣氛使就餐者像看見(jiàn)家人一樣。A.friendly友好的；B.informal非正式的；C.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；D.quiet

安靜的。顧客到店后感覺(jué)像是看到家人一樣，因此餐館的氣氛是讓人感到放松的和友好的。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，Yassin被一個(gè)被解雇