分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策研究基于TPB和SEM的實(shí)證分析

分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策研究基于TPB和SEM的實(shí)證分析一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle隨著全球氣候變化問(wèn)題日益嚴(yán)重，低碳發(fā)展已成為各國(guó)共同追求的目標(biāo)。作為世界上最大的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)國(guó)，中國(guó)在推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)低碳化進(jìn)程中扮演著舉足輕重的角色。然而，分散農(nóng)戶(hù)作為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的主要力量，其低碳生產(chǎn)行為的決策過(guò)程及其影響因素卻鮮有研究。鑒于此，本文旨在基于計(jì)劃行為理論（TPB）和結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型（SEM），對(duì)分散農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策進(jìn)行深入的實(shí)證分析，以期為提高農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為提供理論支持和政策建議。Withtheincreasingseverityofglobalclimatechange,low-carbondevelopmenthasbecomeacommongoalpursuedbyallcountries.Astheworld'slargestagriculturalproducer,Chinaplaysacrucialroleinpromotingtheprocessoflow-carbonagriculture.However,asthemainforceinagriculturalproduction,thedecision-makingprocessandinfluencingfactorsoflow-carbonproductionbehavioramongdispersedfarmershavebeenrarelystudied.Inviewofthis,thisarticleaimstoconductin-depthempiricalanalysisonthelow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-makingofdispersedfarmersbasedontheTheoryofPlannedBehavior(TPB)andStructuralEquationModeling(SEM),inordertoprovidetheoreticalsupportandpolicyrecommendationsforimprovinglow-carbonproductionbehavioroffarmers.本文將對(duì)分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行界定，明確研究范圍與對(duì)象。在此基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合TPB理論，構(gòu)建分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的理論模型，分析影響農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的主要因素及其作用機(jī)制。Thisarticlewilldefinetherelevantconceptsoflow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-makingfordispersedfarmers,clarifytheresearchscopeandobjects.Onthisbasis,combinedwithTPBtheory,atheoreticalmodelfordecentralizeddecision-makingoflow-carbonproductionbehavioramongfarmersisconstructed,andthemainfactorsandtheirmechanismsthataffectdecision-makingoflow-carbonproductionbehavioramongfarmersareanalyzed.運(yùn)用SEM方法，通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查等方式收集數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)理論模型進(jìn)行實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)。通過(guò)結(jié)構(gòu)方程分析，揭示各影響因素對(duì)農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的直接和間接效應(yīng)，以及各因素之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和相互影響。UsingSEMmethod,collectdatathroughquestionnairesurveysandothermeanstoempiricallytestthetheoreticalmodel.Throughstructuralequationanalysis,revealthedirectandindirecteffectsofvariousinfluencingfactorsonthedecision-makingoflow-carbonproductionbehavioroffarmers,aswellastheinternalconnectionsandmutualinfluencesbetweenvariousfactors.根據(jù)實(shí)證分析結(jié)果，提出促進(jìn)分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為的政策建議。通過(guò)優(yōu)化農(nóng)戶(hù)的行為決策環(huán)境，提高農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)意識(shí)和能力，推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的綠色轉(zhuǎn)型和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。Basedonempiricalanalysisresults,proposepolicyrecommendationstopromotelow-carbonproductionbehavioramongdispersedfarmers.Byoptimizingthedecision-makingenvironmentoffarmers,enhancingtheirawarenessandabilityoflow-carbonproduction,andpromotingthegreentransformationandsustainabledevelopmentofagriculturalproduction.本文的研究不僅有助于深化對(duì)分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策過(guò)程的理解，還能為制定有效的農(nóng)業(yè)低碳發(fā)展政策提供科學(xué)依據(jù)，對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展和應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化具有重要的理論和實(shí)踐意義。Theresearchinthisarticlenotonlyhelpstodeepentheunderstandingofthedecision-makingprocessoflow-carbonproductionbehavioramongdispersedfarmers,butalsoprovidesscientificbasisforformulatingeffectiveagriculturallow-carbondevelopmentpolicies,whichhasimportanttheoreticalandpracticalsignificanceforachievinggreenagriculturaldevelopmentandaddressingclimatechange.二、理論基礎(chǔ)與模型構(gòu)建Theoreticalfoundationandmodelconstruction本研究基于計(jì)劃行為理論（TheoryofPlannedBehavior,TPB）和結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型（StructuralEquationModeling,SEM）來(lái)深入探討分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的內(nèi)在機(jī)制。TPB是由Ajzen提出的一個(gè)用于預(yù)測(cè)和解釋個(gè)體行為決策的理論框架，它認(rèn)為個(gè)體的行為意向（BehavioralIntention）是預(yù)測(cè)其實(shí)際行為的最直接因素，而行為意向則受到個(gè)體對(duì)行為的態(tài)度（Attitude）、主觀規(guī)范（SubjectiveNorms）和知覺(jué)行為控制（PerceivedBehavioralControl）三個(gè)主要因素的影響。這一理論在環(huán)境行為學(xué)、能源管理等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。ThisstudyisbasedontheTheoryofPlannedBehavior(TPB)andStructuralEquationModeling(SEM)toexploretheunderlyingmechanismsofdecentralizedfarmerlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-making.TPBisatheoreticalframeworkproposedbyAjzenforpredictingandexplainingindividualbehavioraldecisions.Itbelievesthatanindividual'sbehavioralintentionisthemostdirectfactorinpredictingtheiractualbehavior,andbehavioralintentionisinfluencedbythreemainfactors:attitude,subjectivenorms,andperceivedbehavioralcontrol.Thistheoryhasbeenwidelyappliedinvariousfieldssuchasenvironmentalbehaviorandenergymanagement.在本研究中，我們將TPB作為理論基礎(chǔ)，將分散農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策視為一個(gè)復(fù)雜的心理過(guò)程，受到農(nóng)戶(hù)對(duì)低碳生產(chǎn)的態(tài)度、社會(huì)規(guī)范以及他們感知到的行為控制能力的影響。具體而言，農(nóng)戶(hù)對(duì)低碳生產(chǎn)的態(tài)度可能受到其對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)的認(rèn)識(shí)、對(duì)低碳技術(shù)的接受程度以及預(yù)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)收益等因素的影響；社會(huì)規(guī)范則可能來(lái)自于政府政策、社會(huì)輿論以及鄰里親朋的影響；知覺(jué)行為控制則涉及到農(nóng)戶(hù)對(duì)實(shí)施低碳生產(chǎn)所需資源、技術(shù)和能力的評(píng)估。Inthisstudy,weuseTPBasthetheoreticalbasisandviewthedecision-makingoflow-carbonproductionbehavioramongdispersedfarmersasacomplexpsychologicalprocessinfluencedbytheirattitudestowardslow-carbonproduction,socialnorms,andperceivedbehavioralcontrolabilities.Specifically,theattitudeoffarmerstowardslow-carbonproductionmaybeinfluencedbyfactorssuchastheirunderstandingofenvironmentalprotection,acceptanceoflow-carbontechnologies,andexpectedeconomicbenefits;Socialnormsmaycomefromgovernmentpolicies,publicopinion,andtheinfluenceofneighborsandfriends;Perceivedbehavioralcontrolinvolvestheevaluationofresources,technologies,andcapabilitiesrequiredbyfarmerstoimplementlow-carbonproduction.為了更準(zhǔn)確地揭示這些變量之間的關(guān)系和內(nèi)在機(jī)制，我們構(gòu)建了結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型（SEM）。SEM是一種基于路徑分析和因果理論的統(tǒng)計(jì)方法，能夠同時(shí)處理多個(gè)因變量和潛在變量，并通過(guò)擬合指數(shù)來(lái)評(píng)估模型的擬合程度。在本研究中，我們將使用SEM來(lái)分析TPB理論框架中各變量之間的關(guān)系，并探討它們?nèi)绾喂餐绊懛稚⑥r(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策。Inordertomoreaccuratelyrevealtherelationshipsandunderlyingmechanismsbetweenthesevariables,weconstructedaStructuralEquationModel(SEM).SEMisastatisticalmethodbasedonpathanalysisandcausaltheory,whichcansimultaneouslyhandlemultipledependentandlatentvariables,andevaluatethedegreeoffitofthemodelthroughfittingindices.Inthisstudy,wewilluseSEMtoanalyzetherelationshipsbetweenvariablesintheTPBtheoreticalframeworkandexplorehowtheycollectivelyaffectthelow-carbonproductionbehaviordecisionsofdispersedfarmers.通過(guò)構(gòu)建這樣的理論框架和模型，我們期望能夠更深入地理解分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的內(nèi)在邏輯和影響因素，為政策制定和實(shí)踐應(yīng)用提供理論支持和實(shí)證依據(jù)。Byconstructingsuchatheoreticalframeworkandmodel,wehopetohaveadeeperunderstandingoftheinternallogicandinfluencingfactorsofdecentralizedfarmerlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-making,providingtheoreticalsupportandempiricalbasisforpolicyformulationandpracticalapplication.三、研究假設(shè)與變量設(shè)定Researchhypothesesandvariablesettings本研究旨在深入探索分散農(nóng)戶(hù)在低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策過(guò)程中的心理機(jī)制與影響因素?；谟?jì)劃行為理論（TPB）和結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型（SEM），我們?cè)O(shè)定了一系列研究假設(shè)，并對(duì)相關(guān)變量進(jìn)行了明確的界定與量化。Thisstudyaimstoexploreindepththepsychologicalmechanismsandinfluencingfactorsofdispersedfarmersinthedecision-makingprocessoflow-carbonproductionbehavior.BasedontheTheoryofPlannedBehavior(TPB)andStructuralEquationModeling(SEM),wehavesetaseriesofresearchhypothesesandclearlydefinedandquantifiedtherelevantvariables.我們假設(shè)農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)行為意向?qū)⒅苯佑绊懫渥罱K的低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策。根據(jù)TPB理論，行為意向是個(gè)體采取某種行為的直接預(yù)測(cè)指標(biāo)。因此，我們?cè)O(shè)定了一個(gè)關(guān)鍵變量——“低碳生產(chǎn)行為意向”，并預(yù)期它與實(shí)際的低碳生產(chǎn)行為之間存在顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系。Weassumethatthelow-carbonproductionbehaviorintentionoffarmerswilldirectlyaffecttheirfinallow-carbonproductionbehaviordecisions.AccordingtoTPBtheory,behavioralintentionisadirectpredictorofanindividual'sadoptionofacertainbehavior.Therefore,wehavesetakeyvariable-"low-carbonproductionbehaviorintention"andexpectittohaveasignificantpositivecorrelationwithactuallow-carbonproductionbehavior.我們考慮了影響行為意向的三個(gè)主要因素：態(tài)度、主觀規(guī)范與知覺(jué)行為控制。農(nóng)戶(hù)對(duì)低碳生產(chǎn)的認(rèn)知態(tài)度越積極，其采取低碳生產(chǎn)行為的意向就越強(qiáng)烈。同樣，農(nóng)戶(hù)所感受到的社會(huì)壓力（即主觀規(guī)范）以及他們對(duì)自己執(zhí)行低碳生產(chǎn)行為的能力信念（即知覺(jué)行為控制）也將對(duì)行為意向產(chǎn)生重要影響。因此，我們?cè)O(shè)定了“低碳生產(chǎn)態(tài)度”“低碳生產(chǎn)主觀規(guī)范”和“低碳生產(chǎn)知覺(jué)行為控制”三個(gè)變量，并預(yù)期它們與“低碳生產(chǎn)行為意向”之間存在顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系。Wehaveconsideredthreemainfactorsthatinfluencebehavioralintention:attitude,subjectivenorms,andperceivedbehavioralcontrol.Themorepositivethecognitiveattitudeoffarmerstowardslow-carbonproduction,thestrongertheirintentiontoadoptlow-carbonproductionbehavior.Similarly,thesocialpressurefeltbyfarmers(i.e.subjectivenorms)andtheirbeliefintheirabilitytoexecutelow-carbonproductionbehaviors(i.e.perceivedbehavioralcontrol)willalsohaveasignificantimpactonbehavioralintentions.Therefore,wehavesetthreevariables:"low-carbonproductionattitude","subjectivenormsoflow-carbonproduction",and"perceivedbehavioralcontroloflow-carbonproduction",andexpectthemtohaveasignificantpositivecorrelationwith"low-carbonproductionbehavioralintention".為了更全面地揭示農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的影響因素，我們還引入了一些控制變量。這些變量包括農(nóng)戶(hù)的個(gè)人特征（如年齡、性別、受教育程度等）、家庭特征（如家庭規(guī)模、農(nóng)業(yè)收入比重等）以及外部環(huán)境因素（如政策支持、市場(chǎng)信息等）。這些控制變量可能直接或間接地影響農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策，因此，在模型構(gòu)建中需要加以考慮。Inordertocomprehensivelyrevealtheinfluencingfactorsoflow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-makingamongfarmers,wealsointroducedsomecontrolvariables.Thesevariablesincludeindividualcharacteristicsoffarmers(suchasage,gender,educationlevel,etc.),familycharacteristics(suchasfamilysize,proportionofagriculturalincome,etc.),andexternalenvironmentalfactors(suchaspolicysupport,marketinformation,etc.).Thesecontrolvariablesmaydirectlyorindirectlyaffectthelow-carbonproductionbehaviordecisionsoffarmers,therefore,theyneedtobeconsideredinmodelconstruction.本研究基于TPB和SEM構(gòu)建了一個(gè)較為完整的理論框架，并通過(guò)合理的變量設(shè)定與量化方法，為后續(xù)的實(shí)證分析奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。我們將通過(guò)收集實(shí)地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行模型檢驗(yàn)與驗(yàn)證，以期揭示分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的內(nèi)在邏輯與影響因素。ThisstudyconstructedarelativelycompletetheoreticalframeworkbasedonTPBandSEM,andlaidasolidfoundationforsubsequentempiricalanalysisthroughreasonablevariablesettingandquantificationmethods.Wewillcollecton-sitesurveydataandusestatisticalsoftwaretotestandvalidatethemodel,inordertorevealtheinternallogicandinfluencingfactorsofdecentralizedfarmers'low-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-making.四、研究方法與數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源Researchmethodsanddatasources本研究采用理論分析與實(shí)證分析相結(jié)合的方法，深入探討了分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的影響因素及其作用機(jī)制。在理論層面，本研究基于計(jì)劃行為理論（TPB）和結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型（SEM）構(gòu)建理論框架，通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)梳理和邏輯推導(dǎo)，明確了農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的關(guān)鍵因素及其相互關(guān)系。Thisstudyadoptsacombinationoftheoreticalanalysisandempiricalanalysistodeeplyexploretheinfluencingfactorsandmechanismsoflow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-makingamongdispersedfarmers.Atthetheoreticallevel,thisstudyconstructsatheoreticalframeworkbasedontheTheoryofPlannedBehavior(TPB)andStructuralEquationModeling(SEM).Throughliteraturereviewandlogicaldeduction,thekeyfactorsandtheirinterrelationshipsinlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-makingoffarmersareclarified.在實(shí)證層面，本研究采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法收集數(shù)據(jù)。問(wèn)卷設(shè)計(jì)遵循科學(xué)性和可操作性的原則，參考國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究成果，結(jié)合我國(guó)分散農(nóng)戶(hù)的實(shí)際情況，確定了包括農(nóng)戶(hù)個(gè)體特征、家庭特征、生產(chǎn)特征、心理特征以及外部環(huán)境等在內(nèi)的多個(gè)維度和指標(biāo)。問(wèn)卷經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)調(diào)研和多次修改完善，最終確定了正式問(wèn)卷。Attheempiricallevel,thisstudycollecteddatausingaquestionnairesurveymethod.Thequestionnairedesignfollowstheprinciplesofscientificityandoperability,referringtorelevantresearchresultsathomeandabroad,andcombiningwiththeactualsituationofscatteredfarmersinChina,multipledimensionsandindicatorsincludingindividualcharacteristicsoffarmers,familycharacteristics,productioncharacteristics,psychologicalcharacteristics,andexternalenvironmenthavebeendetermined.Afterpreresearchandmultiplerevisions,theformalquestionnairewasfinallydetermined.數(shù)據(jù)收集過(guò)程中，本研究選取了具有代表性的分散農(nóng)戶(hù)作為樣本，通過(guò)線上和線下相結(jié)合的方式發(fā)放問(wèn)卷。線上主要通過(guò)社交媒體和農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)部門(mén)網(wǎng)站進(jìn)行傳播，線下則通過(guò)實(shí)地走訪和座談會(huì)等方式進(jìn)行。最終共收集到有效問(wèn)卷份，樣本分布廣泛，具有一定的代表性。Duringthedatacollectionprocess,thisstudyselectedrepresentativedispersedfarmersassamplesanddistributedquestionnairesthroughacombinationofonlineandofflinemethods.Onlinedisseminationismainlycarriedoutthroughsocialmediaandagriculturalrelateddepartmentwebsites,whileofflinedisseminationiscarriedoutthroughon-sitevisitsandsymposiums.Intheend,atotalofvalidquestionnaireswerecollected,withawidedistributionofsamplesandcertainrepresentativeness.數(shù)據(jù)處理和分析過(guò)程中，本研究運(yùn)用SPSS和AMOS等統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件，對(duì)問(wèn)卷數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、信度分析、效度分析以及結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型分析等。通過(guò)描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，了解樣本的基本情況和分布情況；通過(guò)信度和效度分析，檢驗(yàn)問(wèn)卷的可靠性和有效性；通過(guò)結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型分析，揭示各因素之間的影響路徑和強(qiáng)度。Intheprocessofdataprocessingandanalysis,thisstudyusedstatisticalsoftwaresuchasSPSSandAMOStoconductdescriptivestatisticalanalysis,reliabilityanalysis,validityanalysis,andstructuralequationmodelinganalysisonthequestionnairedata.Understandthebasicsituationanddistributionofthesamplethroughdescriptivestatisticalanalysis;Verifythereliabilityandvalidityofthequestionnairethroughreliabilityandvalidityanalysis;Throughstructuralequationmodelinganalysis,revealtheinfluencepathsandintensitiesbetweenvariousfactors.本研究在方法選擇上注重理論性與實(shí)證性的結(jié)合，在數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源上注重廣泛性與代表性的平衡，以確保研究結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性和可靠性。Thisstudyemphasizesthecombinationoftheoreticalandempiricalmethodsintheselectionofmethods,andthebalancebetweenbreadthandrepresentativenessinthedatasourcestoensuretheaccuracyandreliabilityoftheresearchresults.五、實(shí)證分析Empiricalanalysis本部分基于計(jì)劃行為理論（TPB）和結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型（SEM）對(duì)分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析。通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查收集數(shù)據(jù)，并對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行預(yù)處理和描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，確保數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性和有效性。Thissectionempiricallyanalyzesthelow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-makingofdispersedfarmersbasedontheTheoryofPlannedBehavior(TPB)andStructuralEquationModeling(SEM).Collectdatathroughquestionnairesurveys,preprocessandconductdescriptivestatisticalanalysisonthedatatoensureitsaccuracyandeffectiveness.在構(gòu)建SEM模型時(shí)，參考了國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的相關(guān)研究，并結(jié)合實(shí)際情況，確定了模型的潛在變量和觀測(cè)變量。潛在變量包括農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)行為態(tài)度、主觀規(guī)范、知覺(jué)行為控制以及低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策，觀測(cè)變量則是與這些潛在變量相關(guān)的具體指標(biāo)。WhenconstructingtheSEMmodel,relevantresearchonlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-makingoffarmersathomeandabroadwasreferredto,andthepotentialandobservedvariablesofthemodelweredeterminedbasedontheactualsituation.Potentialvariablesincludefarmers'attitudestowardslow-carbonproductionbehavior,subjectivenorms,perceivedbehavioralcontrol,andlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-making.Observingvariablesarespecificindicatorsrelatedtothesepotentialvariables.通過(guò)SEM模型的擬合和檢驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)模型與數(shù)據(jù)擬合良好，各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均達(dá)到要求。進(jìn)一步分析潛在變量之間的關(guān)系，發(fā)現(xiàn)農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)行為態(tài)度、主觀規(guī)范和知覺(jué)行為控制對(duì)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策均有顯著影響。其中，行為態(tài)度的影響最為顯著，說(shuō)明農(nóng)戶(hù)對(duì)低碳生產(chǎn)行為的認(rèn)知和態(tài)度對(duì)其決策行為起著關(guān)鍵作用。主觀規(guī)范對(duì)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的影響也較為明顯，表明農(nóng)戶(hù)在做出決策時(shí)會(huì)受到社會(huì)壓力和群體規(guī)范的影響。而知覺(jué)行為控制對(duì)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的影響相對(duì)較小，說(shuō)明農(nóng)戶(hù)在面臨低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策時(shí)，對(duì)自身能力和資源的感知并不是主要的影響因素。ThroughthefittingandtestingoftheSEMmodel,itwasfoundthatthemodelfitswellwiththedata,andallindicatorsmeettherequirements.Furtheranalysisoftherelationshipbetweenpotentialvariablesrevealsthatfarmers'attitudestowardslow-carbonproductionbehavior,subjectivenorms,andperceivedbehavioralcontrolhaveasignificantimpactonlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-making.Amongthem,theinfluenceofbehavioralattitudeisthemostsignificant,indicatingthatthecognitionandattitudeoffarmerstowardslow-carbonproductionbehaviorplayakeyroleintheirdecision-makingbehavior.Theinfluenceofsubjectivenormsonlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-makingisalsorelativelyobvious,indicatingthatfarmersareinfluencedbysocialpressureandgroupnormswhenmakingdecisions.Theimpactofperceivedbehavioralcontrolonlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-makingisrelativelysmall,indicatingthatwhenfacinglow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-making,farmers'perceptionoftheirownabilitiesandresourcesisnotthemaininfluencingfactor.根據(jù)實(shí)證分析結(jié)果，提出了促進(jìn)分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的建議。加強(qiáng)對(duì)農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)知識(shí)宣傳和培訓(xùn)，提高其對(duì)低碳生產(chǎn)行為的認(rèn)知和態(tài)度。通過(guò)政策引導(dǎo)和激勵(lì)機(jī)制，提高農(nóng)戶(hù)參與低碳生產(chǎn)的積極性和主動(dòng)性。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，提高農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)能力和資源利用效率，從而推動(dòng)分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為的廣泛實(shí)施。Basedonempiricalanalysisresults,suggestionshavebeenproposedtopromotedecision-makingonlow-carbonproductionbehavioramongdispersedfarmers.Strengthenthepromotionandtrainingoflow-carbonproductionknowledgeforfarmers,andimprovetheirawarenessandattitudetowardslow-carbonproductionbehavior.Throughpolicyguidanceandincentivemechanisms,enhancetheenthusiasmandinitiativeoffarmerstoparticipateinlow-carbonproduction.Strengthenruralinfrastructureconstruction,improvethelow-carbonproductioncapacityandresourceutilizationefficiencyoffarmers,andpromotethewidespreadimplementationofdecentralizedlow-carbonproductionbehavioramongfarmers.本研究通過(guò)實(shí)證分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)行為態(tài)度、主觀規(guī)范和知覺(jué)行為控制對(duì)其低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策具有顯著影響。因此，在推動(dòng)分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策過(guò)程中，應(yīng)充分考慮這些因素的作用，并采取有效措施加以引導(dǎo)和激勵(lì)。Thisstudyfoundthroughempiricalanalysisthatthelow-carbonproductionbehaviorattitude,subjectivenorms,andperceivedbehavioralcontroloffarmershaveasignificantimpactontheirlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-making.Therefore,inpromotingthedecision-makingprocessoflow-carbonproductionbehavioramongdispersedfarmers,theroleofthesefactorsshouldbefullyconsidered,andeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentoguideandmotivatethem.六、研究結(jié)論與政策建議Researchconclusionsandpolicyrecommendations本研究基于計(jì)劃行為理論（TPB）和結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型（SEM）的實(shí)證分析，深入探討了分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的影響機(jī)制。通過(guò)對(duì)樣本數(shù)據(jù)的詳細(xì)分析和解讀，本研究得出了以下幾點(diǎn)重要結(jié)論，并針對(duì)性地提出了一些政策建議。ThisstudyisbasedontheempiricalanalysisofPlannedBehaviorTheory(TPB)andStructuralEquationModeling(SEM),andexploresindepththeimpactmechanismofdecentralizedfarmerlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-making.Throughdetailedanalysisandinterpretationofthesampledata,thisstudyhasdrawnthefollowingimportantconclusionsandputforwardsometargetedpolicyrecommendations.研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，農(nóng)戶(hù)對(duì)低碳生產(chǎn)的態(tài)度、主觀規(guī)范和知覺(jué)行為控制均對(duì)其低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策產(chǎn)生顯著影響。這一結(jié)論為政策制定者提供了明確的方向，即通過(guò)提升農(nóng)戶(hù)對(duì)低碳生產(chǎn)的認(rèn)知度、加強(qiáng)社會(huì)規(guī)范引導(dǎo)以及優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)環(huán)境和技術(shù)支持，可以有效促進(jìn)農(nóng)戶(hù)采取低碳生產(chǎn)行為。Researchhasfoundthattheattitudes,subjectivenorms,andperceivedbehavioralcontroloffarmerstowardslow-carbonproductionhaveasignificantimpactontheirlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-making.Thisconclusionprovidesacleardirectionforpolicymakers,whichistoeffectivelypromotelow-carbonproductionbehavioramongfarmersbyincreasingtheirawarenessoflow-carbonproduction,strengtheningsocialnormsandguidance,andoptimizingproductionenvironmentandtechnicalsupport.本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，農(nóng)戶(hù)的個(gè)體特征如年齡、受教育程度等也會(huì)影響其低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策。因此，政策建議中需要充分考慮這些個(gè)體差異，例如針對(duì)年輕、受教育程度較高的農(nóng)戶(hù)群體，提供更多的低碳生產(chǎn)培訓(xùn)和技術(shù)支持，以充分發(fā)揮他們的示范帶頭作用。Thisstudyalsofoundthatindividualcharacteristicsoffarmers,suchasageandeducationlevel,canalsoaffecttheirlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecisions.Therefore,policyrecommendationsneedtofullyconsidertheseindividualdifferences,suchasprovidingmorelow-carbonproductiontrainingandtechnicalsupportforyoungandwell-educatedfarmers,inordertofullyleveragetheirexemplaryandleadingrole.本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)社會(huì)支持因素如政府補(bǔ)貼、技術(shù)指導(dǎo)和市場(chǎng)信息等也對(duì)農(nóng)戶(hù)的低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策產(chǎn)生積極影響。因此，政策制定者應(yīng)加大對(duì)這些支持措施的投入力度，確保農(nóng)戶(hù)能夠從中獲得實(shí)實(shí)在在的好處，從而增強(qiáng)他們采取低碳生產(chǎn)行為的積極性。Thisstudyalsofoundthatsocialsupportfactorssuchasgovernmentsubsidies,technicalguidance,andmarketinformationalsohaveapositiveimpactonthelow-carbonproductionbehaviordecisionsoffarmers.Therefore,policymakersshouldincreasetheirinvestmentinthesesupportmeasurestoensurethatfarmerscanobtaintangiblebenefitsfromthem,therebyenhancingtheirenthusiasmforadoptinglow-carbonproductionbehaviors.本研究不僅揭示了分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策的影響機(jī)制，還為政策制定者提供了一系列具有針對(duì)性的政策建議。未來(lái)，應(yīng)繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)對(duì)農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為的研究和實(shí)踐探索，不斷完善相關(guān)政策措施，推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色低碳發(fā)展。Thisstudynotonlyrevealstheimpactmechanismofdecentralizedlow-carbonproductionbehaviordecision-makingamongfarmers,butalsoprovidesaseriesoftargetedpolicyrecommendationsforpolicymakers.Inthefuture,weshouldcontinuetostrengthenresearchandpracticalexplorationonlow-carbonproductionbehavioroffarmers,continuouslyimproverelevantpolicymeasures,andpromotegreenandlow-carbondevelopmentofagriculture.八、附錄Appendix您好！這是一份關(guān)于分散農(nóng)戶(hù)低碳生產(chǎn)行為決策研究的調(diào)查問(wèn)卷。我們希望通過(guò)了解您的生產(chǎn)行為和決策過(guò)程，為推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展和低碳生產(chǎn)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。請(qǐng)您根據(jù)自己的實(shí)際情況和感受，認(rèn)真填寫(xiě)以下問(wèn)卷。您的回答將僅用于學(xué)術(shù)研究，我們將嚴(yán)格保密。Hello!Thisisasurveyquestionnaireonthedecision-makingoflow-carbonproductionbehavioramongdispersedfarmers.Wehopetoprovidescientificbasisforpromotingsustainableagriculturaldevelopmentandlow-carbonproductionbyunderstandingyourproductionbehavioranddecision-makingprocess.Pleasefilloutthefollowingquestionnairecarefullybasedonyouractualsituationandfeelings.Youranswerwillonlybeusedforacademicresearch,andwewillstrictlykeepitconfidential.A.完全了解B.了解一些C.聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)但不太了解D.完全不了解A.FullyunderstandB.HavesomeunderstandingC.HaveheardofitbutnotveryfamiliarD.HavenounderstandingatallA.非常有利B.有一定好處C.沒(méi)有明顯影響D.不利A.VeryadvantageousB.TherearecertainbenefitsC.ThereisnosignificantimpactD.Disadvantageous如果您采取了低碳生產(chǎn)的措施，請(qǐng)列舉出您采取的具體措施（可多選）：Ifyouhavetakenlow-carbonproductionmeasures,pleaselistthespecificmeasuresyouhavetaken(multipleoptionsareavailable):A.非常支持B.支持C.中立D.反對(duì)E.非常反對(duì)A.VerysupportiveB.supportiveC.