人教版高中英語必修四課件：Unit-1-Learning-about-language

人教版高中英語必修四課件：Unit1Learningaboutlanguage人教版高中英語必修四課件：Unit1Learningaboutlanguage人教版高中英語必修四課件：Unit1Learningaboutlanguage1Findthewordorphrasefromthepreviouspagesofthisunitforeachofthesemeanings.1._____closeconnectionthatpeoplehavewitheachother.2._____homemadeinatreeusuallyforabird.bondnestDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions人教版高中英語必修四課件：Unit1Learninga11Findthewordorphrasefromthepreviouspagesofthisunitforeachofthesemeanings.1._____closeconnectionthatpeoplehavewitheachother.2._____homemadeinatreeusuallyforabird.bondnestDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1Findthewordorphrasefrom23.________organizationwithaspecialpurpose,especiallyforresearchorteaching4._________(ofthoughts,questions,etc)tofillone’smind.5.___________theperiodoftimewhensomeoneisachildinstitutecrowd

inchildhood3.________organizationwith36._________givingopinionsopenlyandhonestly7.________tomoveawayfromaplace;toleave8._______happinessandhealthofpeople;moneypaidbythegovernment9._______taskthatrequiresalotoftimeandeffort.outspokenmoveoffwelfareproject6._________givingopinionso42Fillinthechartwiththeproperverbornounform.verbnounverbnounachieveconnectbehaviourorganizebehaveachievementconnectionorganization2Fillinthechartwiththep5verbnounverbnounobservationinspirationspecializeargumentadvertisementpermitspecialistadvertiseobservearguepermissioninspireverbnounverbnounobservationins6KeyforExercise3:1.observed

2.worthwhile

3.argue

4.respectKeyforExercise3:7Subject–verbagreementGrammarSubject–verbagreement8The

boy___diving.They____diving.BothJackandTim___diving.All

ofthem____diving.NeitherJacknorTim___walking.isareareisareFinishthefollowingexercises.Theboy___diving.They____d9Theteam____somegoodplayers.(have)Theteam____handsome.(be)hasareTheteam____somegoodplayer10Thesingeranddancer_____onthestage.isThesingeranddancer_____on11Aknifeandfork____usedtohavemeals.isAknifeandfork____usedto12BobBob_____aworker.isMikeMikeandBob_____workers.areBothMikeandBob_______workers.areNeitherMikenorBob_______ateacher.isNeitherofthem___________(know)howtoteachEnglish.

knows/knowNoneofthem___________(know)howtoteachEnglish.knows/knowBobBob_____aworker.isMike13Neitheroftherabbits______handsome.

Neitherdog_____big.

Neitherofthem______big.

isis/areNeitherrabbit_____handsome.

isis/areNeitheroftherabbits_____14主謂一致主謂一致是指謂語在人稱和數(shù)上必須和主語的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。這是英語語法中必須遵循的基本規(guī)則。主謂一致主要有以下幾種情況：二、意義一致原則三、就近原則一、語法一致原則主謂一致主謂一致是指謂語在人稱和數(shù)上必須二、意義一致原則三、15一、語法一致主語為單數(shù)形式,謂語動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式;主語為復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g.Ioftenhelphimandheoftenhelpsme.Weoftenhelpeachother.不可數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。一、語法一致16二、意義一致主語形式雖為單數(shù),但意義為復(fù)數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);主語形式為復(fù)數(shù),而意義為單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Thecrowdweresurroundingthegovernmentofficial.人群包圍了這位政府官員。Mathsishardtolearn.數(shù)學(xué)難學(xué)。二、意義一致17三、就近原則就近原則即謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的主語。Thereisapenandtwopencilsonthedesk.桌子上有一支鋼筆和兩支鉛筆。三、就近原則18注意:1.and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上單數(shù)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞有以下兩種情況:1)and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上不同的人或物作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：HeandIarebothstudentsofthisschool.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.歲月不饒人。注意:1.and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上單數(shù)192)如果連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列結(jié)構(gòu)是指同一個(gè)人或物,或指同一概念時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),這時(shí)and后面的名詞前不加冠詞。如:表整體概念的并列結(jié)構(gòu)breadandbutterknifeandforkironandsteellawandorder配套事物：awatchandchainaneedleandthreadTheknifeandforkisonthedesk.刀叉放在桌子上。2)如果連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列結(jié)構(gòu)202.主語后面帶有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except,including,but等引導(dǎo)的短語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞必須與前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。e.g.Theteacher,togetherwithhisstudents,isplantingtreesinthegarden.老師和同學(xué)們正在花園里種樹。E-mail,aswellasthetelephones,______playinganimportantpartindailycommunication.is2.主語后面帶有with,alongwith,toge213.如果主語是不定式,動(dòng)詞-ing形式或主語從句時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Whatheisdoingseemsveryimportant.他正在做什么看起來很重要。Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.為人民服務(wù)是我最大的幸福。3.如果主語是不定式,動(dòng)詞-ing形式或224.用連接的并列主語被each,every或no修飾時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Every

boy

and

every

girlintheclassis

diligent.班里的每個(gè)男孩女孩都很用功。5.each

of+復(fù)數(shù)代詞,謂語動(dòng)用單數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)代詞+each,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

Eachofushassomethingtosay.我們每個(gè)人都有些話要說。4.用連接的并列主語被each,every或no236.不定代詞all,more,some,any,none等作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞視情況而定?？捎脝螖?shù),也可用復(fù)數(shù);但當(dāng)它指代不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)看作單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Alltheapplesarerotten.Alltheappleisrotten.Noneofusare/isperfect.Noneofthemoneyisleft.6.不定代詞all,more,some,any,n247.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Someoneiscallingyou.有人叫你。Nothingisfoundintheroom.在屋里找不到什么東西。7.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞258.名詞如trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses等作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù);而形復(fù)義單的名詞如news,以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱如physics,politics,國名如theUnitedStates;報(bào)紙名如theNewTimes;書名如GreatExpectations《遠(yuǎn)大前程》,以及theUnitedNations作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。8.名詞如trousers,scissors,clot26如：Thescissorsaresharp.Nonewsisgoodnews.GreatExpectationswaswrittenbyCharlesDickensin1860.如：279.集體名詞作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù),主要由句子的意思決定。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)用單數(shù),強(qiáng)調(diào)整體中的個(gè)體的用復(fù)數(shù)。這類名詞有people,family,class,population,crowd,team,ground等。Hisfamilyisgoingout.他們?nèi)乙獬?。Hisfamilyareallmusiclovers.他們?nèi)叶际且魳窅酆谜摺?.集體名詞作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)，2810.有些名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同,作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞由上下文決定。這類名詞有means,deer,sheep,Chinese,Japanese,fish等。如：Noteverymeansisuseful.并非每種方法都有效。Notallmeansareuseful.并非所有的方法都有效。10.有些名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同,作主語時(shí),2911.表示一類人的“the+形容詞(分詞)”作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Thesickintheaccidenthavebeentakentothehospital.Thelosthavebeenfound.11.表示一類人的“the+形容詞(分詞)”3012.表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、度量等名詞作主語時(shí),不管單復(fù)數(shù)形式,其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Thirtyyearsisnotalongtime.30年的時(shí)間并不長。Twohoursisenoughformetofinishthework.兩個(gè)小時(shí)對(duì)我來說完成這項(xiàng)工作足夠了。12.表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、度量等名詞3113.therestof,halfof,majorityof,partof,alotof,lotsof,oneof,anumberof,aplentyof,percentof以及分?jǐn)?shù)詞等作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于后面名詞的數(shù),即就近原則。如：Apartofthestudentshavearrived.Apartoftheapplehasbeeneatenbythemouse.13.therestof,halfof,majo3214.在表存在的therebe句式中,主語是兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列名詞(短語),be的形式與最近的一個(gè)名詞(短語)保持一致。Thereisapen,twopencilsandseveralbooksonthedesk.=Therearetwopencils,apenandseveralbooksonthedesk.=Thereareseveralbooks,apenandtwopencilsonthedesk.14.在表存在的therebe句式中,主語是3315.由here,there等引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中,若主語不止一個(gè)時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與最近的主語保持一致。如：Herecomesthebus.Hereisapenandtwobooksforyou.15.由here,there等引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中,3416.用連詞or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與最近的主語保持一致。如：NeitheryounorIamwrong.NeitherInoryouarewrong.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherenjoyslisteningtothemusic.Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentsenjoylisteningtothemusic.16.用連詞or,either…or,neither35用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1.Heaswellashistwofriends___(be)goingforapicnicthisSaturday.2.Accordingtothereport,threehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek____(be)goodforone’shealth.isis用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。isis363.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,__________(visit)amuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.4.70percentofthestudentsinourclass_____(be)girls.