高三年級上冊第二次調(diào)研考試英語試題（解析版）

2022屆河北省衡水中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期第二次調(diào)研考試英語試

題

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀

下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatisthemainreasonforthemantocuthishair?

A.Toimpressthewoman.

B.Tobemorecomfortable.

C.Tolookmoreprofessional.

2.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?

A.Whentheyshouldbringthingsontheplane.

B.Whatisnotallowedincheckedbags.

C.WhynewregulationsaremadeinCanada.

3.Whoisthewomanprobablyspeakingto?

A.Herneighbor.B.Herrepairman.C.Herhusband.

4.WhenwillBenstarttohelphisaunt?

A.At4:00.B.At4:30.C.At5:00.

5.Whatwillthewomandothisweekend?

A.Organizetheinformation.B.Dosomesurveys.C.Planouthersubject.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、

C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，

每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩

遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdidthemanhavetroubledoing?

A.Reading.B.Seeingtheroadsigns.C.Seeingthetelevisionscreen.

7.Howdoesthemangethiseyeproblemaccordingtothewoman?

A.Ithappenedovertime.B.Itrunsinthefamily.C.Heinjuredhiseyes.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.WhatisonTVnow?

A.Asportgame.B.Thenews.C.Amovie.

9.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Inahotel.B.Atasteakhouse.C.Atafriend'shouse.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

A.Inastore.B.Inarestaurant.C.Athome.

11.Whatdidthemanputonthesandwich?

A.Potato.B.Lemonjuice.C.Mustard.

12.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?

A.Throwoutthesandwich.B.Smellthesandwich.C.Makesomenewsandwiches.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whopaintedthepicturesonthewall?

A.Thegreatpainters.B.Thecollegeprofessor.C.Theman.

14.HowlonghasJackbeenpainting?

A.Aroundtenyears.B.Aroundtwoyears.C.Aroundoneyear.

15.Whatdoesthewomanlike?

A.Drawingpictures.B.Writingbooks.C.Takingphotos.

16.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrow?

A.Designsomething.B.Takeacollegeclass.C.Sharetheworks.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whatisthepurposeoftheannouncement?

A.Toconductcustomerinterviews.

B.Tocomparefilmchoicesonairplanes.

C.Toinformtheimprovementsoftheairlineservices.

18.HowmanyflightswilltherebebetweenLosAngelesandSeattleperday?

A.Oneflightineachdirection.

B.Twoflightsineachdirection.

C.Fourflightsineachdirection.

19.Whatcoloristhecompany'snewuniform?

A.Deepgreenandblack.B.Lightgreenandbrown.C.Deepblueandblack.

20.Whatkindofmoviesdopassengerswantthemost?

A.Hitsfromthe19801s.B.Canadiancomedies.C.Filmsforkids.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

LonelyPlanetTrips

HerearesometraveldestinationsbyLonelyPlanet.Readingthem,you'llbeinaflash.

Bhutan

TheKingdomofBhutan,locatedontheSilkRoadinSouthAsia,claimedtheNo.1spotpartly

foritsmajesticbeautyandbecauseithadbecomethefirstfullyorganicnationby2020.The

kingdomhaslushsubtropicalplainsinthesouthandsub-alpineHimalayanmountainsinthenorth,

whichincludeGangkharPuensum,Bhutan'shighestpeakandisbelievedtobethehighest

unclimbedmountainintheworld.

NorthMacedonia

IfyouwantanalternativetoEurope'smorepopulartravelspots,NorthMacedoniacouldbefbr

you.Itsmountainsandtheirtrailsare“blissfullyquiet“andthelocalsare“unfailinglyhelpful”

accordingtoLonelyPlanet.AmongitsdestinationsisOhrid,acharming,oldtowndottedwith

medievalruinsandchurches,linedwithcobblestonestreets,andoverlookingLakeOhrid.

Eswatini

Thekingdomoffersmultitudinousclimateandtopographydifferences,andisknownforits

widevarietiesofwildanimals,whichincludemorethan500birdspeciesand107mammalspecies.

Thenationhassevennaturereserves,fourfrontierconservationareasandthreewildlifereserves.

CostaRica

CostaRicaisbelovedformanyreasons,fromitscoffeetoitsepicsurfing.It'salsonotablefor

itsrelianceongreenenergysources.Infact,90%ofitsenergyiscreatedbyregenerativesources

suchaswindandhydro.Itisalsooneoftheworld'smostbiodiversecountries—hometohalfa

millionspecies.Ofcourse,notriptoCostaRicaiscompletewithoutavisittotheSlothSanctuary.

1.WhatcantouristsappreciateinbothBhutanandNorthMacedonia?

A.Organicproducts.B.Subtropicaljungles.

C.Medievalarchitecture.D.Mountainscenery.

2.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesEswatini?

A.Pleasantquietness.B.Topographyvarieties.

C.Abundantwildlife.D.Cobblestonestreets.

3.WhatisCostaRicadistinguishedfor?

A.Renewableresources.B.Biodiverseplants.

C.Frontierpreserves.D.TheSilkRoad.

【答案】l.D2.C3.A

【解析】

【分析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了《孤獨星球》推薦的四個旅行圣地一一不丹、北馬其頓、

伊斯瓦蒂尼和哥斯達黎加。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bhutan部分中的“Thekingdomhaslushsubtropicalplainsinthesouthand

sub-alpineHimalayanmountainsinthenorth,whichincludeGangkharPuensum,Bhutan'shighest

peakandisbelievedtobethehighestunclimbedmountainintheworld.（不丹南部有郁郁蔥蔥的

亞熱帶平原，北部有亞高山喜馬拉雅山脈，其中包括不丹的最高峰甘卡普森山，它被認為是

世界上最高的未被攀登的山峰）”及NorthMacedonia部分中的“Itsmountainsandtheirtrails

are"blissfullyquiet1'andthelocalsare"'unfailinglyhelpfuF'accordingtoLonelyPlanet.（《孤獨星

球》稱，這里的山脈和小徑“寧靜得令人幸?！?，當(dāng)?shù)厝恕坝肋h樂于助人"）"可知，不丹

和北馬其頓能讓游客欣賞到山景。故選D項。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Eswatini部分中的“Thekingdomoffersmultitudinousclimateand

topographydifferences,andisknownforitswidevarietiesofwildanimals,whichincludemore

than500birdspeciesand107mammalspecies.Thenationhassevennaturereserves,fourfrontier

conservationareasandthreewildlifereserves.（這個王國擁有眾多不同的氣候和地形，并以其豐

富多樣的野生動物而聞名，其中包括500多種鳥類和107種哺乳動物。國家有七個自然保護

區(qū)，四個邊境保護區(qū)和三個野生動物保護區(qū)）”可知，伊斯瓦蒂尼以其豐富多樣的野生動物

而聞名。故選C項。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CostaRica部分中的"It'salsonotableforitsrelianceongreenenergysources.

Infact,90%ofitsenergyiscreatedbyregenerativesourcessuchaswindandhydro.（它對綠色能

源的依賴也值得注意。事實上，它90%的能源是由風(fēng)能和水能等可再生能源產(chǎn)生的）”可知，

哥斯達黎加以可再生資源著稱。故選A項。

【點睛】閱讀理解題之細節(jié)理解解題要注意：1.排除干擾項，突出主題。2.按文章的體裁，

作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)信息，預(yù)測應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實。3.將注意力放在

尋找你所需要的細節(jié)上，快速瀏覽，一目十行。發(fā)現(xiàn)細節(jié)，十目一行，放慢速度，仔細核對

比較，直到找到正確答案。

HeZehuiaChinesenuclearphysicist,accomplishedgreatthingsinphysicsandbecamean

outstandingscientist.

Herfamilyisfamousforproducingthreefamouswomenscientists,includinghertwosisters.

ShegraduatedfromTsinghuaUniversityin1936withadegreeinphysics,andthenwentontostudy

attheTechnicalUniversityofBerlin,whereshewasthetopinherclass,outperformingherfuture

husbandQianSanqiang—China's"fatheroftheatomicbomb”.In1940,sheearnedaPh.D.in

Engineering.

Thecouplemadegreatdiscoveriesinthefieldofuraniumfission（鈾核裂變），whichdrew

globalattentionandearnedthemworldwidereputations,alsomarkingamilestoneinthe

developmentofChina'sexperimentalfissionphysics.ManyWesternmediacalledthecouplethe

“MarieCurieandPierreCurieofChina^^?

AsoneofthepioneersinnuclearscienceandtechnologyinChina,ProfessorHecontributeda

greatdealtonuclearphysics.Duringthe1950s,shestartedtheresearchanddevelopmentofnuclear

emulsions（核孚L膠）inChinaandtheirresearchreachedtheadvancedworldlevelatthattime.He

andherresearchgrouptooktheleadinbuildingChina'sfirstnuclearreactorandaccelerator.She

wasawardedthefirstAwardoftheNationalPrizeofNaturalSciencesformakingoutstanding

achievementsinsupportingthenationalprogramofnuclearweapondevelopment.

Throughouthercareer,Heconqueredmanyobstacles,andwasalwaysonthefrontlinesof

China'sscience-relatedwork.Shepublisheddozensofpapersyetplacedlittlevalueonpersonal

fame.Theworld*stopphysicistsrecognizedHeasafamousscientist,44ChineseMadameCurie”.

HepassedawayinBeijingin2011attheageof97,nearly20yearsafterQianSanqiang.She

dedicatedherselftoscience,livingasimplelife,alwaysnurturingyoungresearchersand

maintainingthehigheststandardsthatshehadalwaysvalued.Shelovedhercountryandscience;to

bothsheisnowanicon.

4.Whatisthefocusofparagraph2aboutHeZehui?

A.Identitybackground.B.Characterpersonalities.

C.Educationexperiences.D.Professioncompetence.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutQianSanqiang?

A.Hediedfollowinghiswifein1991.

B.HewontheNationalPrizeofNaturalSciences.

C.HeassistedHeZehuitodevelopfissionphysics.

D.HeisalsoaremarkableChinesescientist.

6.WhyisHeZehuiacknowledgedas"TheChineseMarieCurie"?

A.Forhergreatcontributionstonuclearphysics.

B.Forheraccomplishmentintheatomicbomb.

C.Forhercontinuousachievementinnaturalscience.

D.Forherresearchofnuclearemulsions.

7.HowcanwefittinglydescribeHeZehui?

A.Ambitious,talented,conservativeanddetermined.

B.Unselfish,patriotic,indifferenttofameanddevotedtoscience.

C.Aggressive,imaginative,stronginmindandkindinheart.

D.Knowledgeable,awesome,creativeandsociable.

【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章介紹了“中國的居里夫人”何澤慧及其成就。

【4題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段uShegraduatedfromTsinghuaUniversityin1936withadegreein

physics,andthenwentontostudyattheTechnicalUniversityofBerlin,whereshewasthetopin

herclass,outperformingherfuturehusbandQianSanqiang—China'snfatheroftheatomicbomb”.

In1940,sheearnedaPh.D.inEngineering/1936年,她畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)物理系，隨后進入柏

林工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。在那里，她以優(yōu)異的成績超越了她未來的丈夫、中國的“原子彈之父”錢三

強，成為班上的第一名。1940年，她獲得了工程學(xué)博士學(xué)位。）”可知，本段主要介紹何澤

慧的教育經(jīng)歷。故選C。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"andthenwentontostudyattheTechnicalUniversityofBerlin,

whereshewasthetopinherclass,outperformingherfuturehusbandQianSanqiang—China's

"fatheroftheatomicbomb”.（隨后進入柏林工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。在那里，她以優(yōu)異的成績超越了

她未來的丈夫、中國的“原子彈之父”錢三強，成為班上的第一名。）”和第三段介紹的夫妻

倆的成就可知，其丈夫錢三強也是一位偉大的中國科學(xué)家。故選D。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“HeZehui,aChinesenuclearphysicist,accomplishedgreatthingsin

physicsandbecameanoutstandingscientist中國核物理學(xué)家何澤輝在物理學(xué)上做出了巨大成

就，成為一名杰出的科學(xué)家。）”、第三段的最后一句"ManyWesternmediacalledthecouple

the“MarieCurieandPierreCurieofChina”.（許多西方媒體稱這對夫婦的“中國居里夫人和皮

埃爾?居里”。）”和第四段的第一句uAsoneofthepioneersinnuclearscienceandtechnology

inChina,ProfessorHecontributedagreatdealtonuclearphysics.（作為我國核科學(xué)技術(shù)的開拓

者之一，何教授對核物理做出了重要貢獻。）”可知，因何澤慧對中國的核物理作出了巨大

貢獻，西方媒體稱其為“中國的居里夫人:故選A。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Shepublisheddozensofpapersyetplacedlittlevalueon

personalfame.（她發(fā)表了幾十篇論文，但并不看重個人名聲。）”和最后一段“Shededicated

herselftoscience,livingasimplelife,alwaysnurturingyoungresearchersandmaintainingthe

higheststandardsthatshehadalwaysvalued.Shelovedhercountryandscience;（她獻身于科學(xué)，

過著簡樸的生活，總是培養(yǎng)年輕的研究人員，保持著她一直以來所重視的最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。她愛她

的國家和科學(xué);）”可知，何澤慧淡泊名利、愛國、樂于助人，獻身于中國的科學(xué)事業(yè)，有極

高的科研素養(yǎng)，對中國的核物理的研究和發(fā)展作出了極大的貢獻，是值得我們學(xué)習(xí)、頂禮膜

拜的杰出的核物理學(xué)家。故選B。

C

Whilemanyofusmayhavebeenawaysomewherenicelastsummer,fewwouldsaythatwe've

“summered.”"Summer“isclearlyanoun,moreprecisely,averbednoun.

Waybackinourchildhood,wealllearnedthedifferencebetweenanounandaverb.Withsuch

atidydefinition,itwaseasytospotthedifference.Notsoinadulthood,whereweareexpectedto

“fbot"bills,ttchair^^committees,and“dialogue“withpoliticalopponents.Chancesareyoudidn't

feeluncomfortableaboutthesightofthoseverbednouns.

“TheverbingofnounsisasoldastheEnglishlanguage/9saysPatricia09Conner,aformer

editoratTheNewYorkTimesBookReview.Expertsestimatethat20percentofallEnglishverbs

wereoriginallynouns.Andthephenomenonseemstobesnowballing.Since1900,about40percent

ofallnewverbshavecomefromnouns.

Eventhoughconversion（轉(zhuǎn)化）isquiteuniversal,plentyofgrammariansobjecttothepractice.

WilliamStrunkJr.andE.B.White,inTheElementsofStyle—theBiblefortheuseofAmerican

English—havethistosay:"Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressedintoserviceasverbs.Notallare

bad,butallaresuspect.^^TheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilarstandpoint,advisingwritersto

useverbswithgreatcare.

"Sometimespeopleobjecttoanewverbbecausetheyresistwhatisunfamiliartothem,^^says

O'Conner.Thafswhywe'recomfortable“hosting“aparty,butwemightfeelupsetbythethought

of“medaling“insports.Soarethereanyrulesforverbing?BenjaminDreyer,copychiefatRandom

House,doesn'tofferarule,butsuggeststhatpeoplethinktwiceabout“verbifying“anounifit's

easilyreplaceablebyanalreadyexistingpopularverb.Makesureit'sdescriptivebutnot

silly-sounding,hesays.

Intheend,however,styleissubjective.Easyconversionofnounstoverbshasbeenpartof

Englishgrammarforcenturies;itisoneoftheprocessesthatmakeEnglish"English."Notevery

coinage（新倉的詞語）passesintogeneraluse,butasfortryingtoendverbingaltogether,forgetit.

8.Whatcanwelearnabouttheverbingofnouns?

A.Ithasn'trecentlybeenopposedbymanygrammarians.

B.Itismorecommonlyacceptedbychildrenthanadults.

C.Ithasn'tbeenararephenomenoninthepastcentury.

D.Itiseasilyreplacedbyexistingverbsinpractice

9.Whatismostleadingexperts9attitudetowardsthepracticeoftheverbingofnouns?

A.Cautious.B.Satisfied.

C.Disappointed.D.Unconcerned.

10.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofendingtheverbingofnouns?

A.Predictable.B.Practicable.

C.Approaching.D.Impossible.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Are40Percentofallnewverbsfromnouns?

B.AreSummeringandMedalingAnnoying?

C.AreYouComfortableaboutaNewVerb?

D.AreThereAnyRulesforVerbing?

【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇議論文。主要內(nèi)容是英語語言中“名詞動用”的語言現(xiàn)象，據(jù)專家估計

20%的英語動詞原本是名詞，但大多數(shù)專家對“名詞動用''這類名詞的使用持有謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。也

有人反對新動詞，因為他們抗拒自己不熟悉的東西。文章就此展開了討論。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的Since1900,about40percentofallnewverbshavecomefromnouns.

（自1900年以來，大約40%的新動詞來自名詞）可知，我們知道在過去的一個世紀(jì)里，名

詞動用并不是罕見的現(xiàn)象。故選C。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的Notallarebad,butallaresuspect.（不是所有的都是壞的，但所

有的都是可疑的）和TheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilarstandpoint,advisingwritersto

useverbswithgreatcare.（《芝加哥文體手冊》也持類似觀點，建議作者小心使用動詞）可知，

對于名詞動用的用法，大多數(shù)的專家持謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Noteverycoinage（新創(chuàng)的詞語）passesintogeneraluse,butasfor

tryingtoendverbingaltogether,forgetit.（并不是所有的造詞都被廣泛使用，但是想要完全停

止動詞的使用，還是算了吧）可知，作者認為結(jié)束名詞動用用法的使用是不可能的，故選D。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文以及文章的可知，英語語言中“名詞動用”的語言現(xiàn)象，據(jù)專家估計

20%的英語動詞原本是名詞，但大多數(shù)專家對“名詞動用”這類名詞的使用持有謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，但

是完全杜絕這類詞的使用又是不可能的。也有人反對新動詞，因為他們抗拒自己不熟悉的東

西，用正反兩個觀點來說明這類名詞動用的語言現(xiàn)象是否受人歡迎，故引用文章中的名詞動

用的兩個詞Summering和Medaling來進行概括，故B選項（Summering和Medaling很討厭

嗎？）可以作為本文標(biāo)題，故選B。

D

Humansarenottheonlyonesthatlikegold.Australianscientistshavediscoveredanew

fungus（真菌）thatdecoratesitslong,thread-liketendrils（卷須）withgoldcollectedfromthesoil.

Theexpertsdesperatelyhopethe“golddigger“willprovideinformationonthelocationsofgold

deposits（沉淀物）andmakesearchingforthepreciousmetaleasier,andmoreenvironmentally

friendly.

Thegold-lovingfunguswasdiscoveredaccidentallybyateamofresearchersledbyDr.Tsing

Bohu,ascientistatAustralianationalscienceagency,CSIRO,whentheywereexaminingthe

microbes（微生物）inthesoilatBoddington,atinytownhometoAustralia'slargestgoldmine.

Acloseranalysissuggestedthatthefungususeschemicalinteractionswithunderground

mineralstoaccumulategoldfromitssurroundings.Thoughfungiofteninteractwithotherthingsin

nature,thereactionwithgoldwasunexpected."Fungiarewell-knownforplayinganimportantrole

intherecyclingoforganicmaterial,suchasleavesandbark,aswellasforthecyclingofother

metals,Dr.Bohuexplained.44Butgoldissochemicallyinactivethatthisinteractionisbothunusual

andsurprising.^^

Thefungiarenotwearingthegoldforbeauty.t4Thereisabiologicalbenefitfromthis

reaction/'Dr.Bohusaid,“Gold-lovingfungicangrowfasterandbiggerrelativetootherfungithat

don'tworkwithgold.^^

Theresearchersstillneedtoconductfurtheranalysistounderstandtherelationshipbetween

thefungiandthepreciousmetal.Moreimportantly,theyneedtodetermineifitspresenceisasure

signoftheexistenceoflargedepositsofthemetalunderground.Thescientistsalsobelievethefungi

couldbeusedtodetectthepresenceofgoldinwasteproductsandman-madeelectronics.

However,thosehopingtogetfreegoldfromthefungiareinforadisappointment,forthe

delicatefungusishardtosee.Also,itsgoldcanonlybeseenunderamicroscope.

12.Whataretheexpertsstarvedof?

A.Investigatingthesites.B.Excavatingthegoldmines.

C.Gettingfurtherinformed.D.Unearthinggolddeposits.

13.WhatcouldbelearnedaccordingtoDr.Bohu?

A.Fungi'sinteractionwithgoldisunexpectedbutbeneficial.

B.Gold'sclassificationisbiologicallyidentifiedbyfungi.

C.Fungi'sformationwithgoldisfairlynaturalandfrequent.

D.Goldischemicallyaccumulatedbyfungi9sevolution.

14.Howdoestheauthorfindthefinding?

A.Itexcitesthegolddiggers'motivation.

B.Ithasalongwaytogobeforeconfirmation.

C.Itlaysthefoundationofgeologicalstudies.

D.Itensuresthesearchofgoldsites.

15.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Beauty-lovingFungiWrappedbyGold

B.Gold-lovingFungiDiscoveredinAustralia

C.Boddington,Austria'sLargestGoldMine

D.NewDiscoveryofGoldwithFungi

【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.B

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了“喜歡”金子的真菌。本文介紹了其發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)過、生

物習(xí)性及相應(yīng)的科學(xué)展望。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Theexpertsdesperatelyhopethe"golddigger5（willprovide

informationonthelocationsofgolddeposits（沉淀物）andmakesearchingforthepreciousmetal

easier,andmoreenvironmentallyfriendly."可知，專家們迫切希望"淘金者”能提供金礦的位

置信息，使尋找這種貴金屬變得更容易，更環(huán)保。由此可知，專家們希望獲得更多關(guān)于攜帶

金子的真菌的信息。故選C。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中l(wèi)<Thoughfungiofteninteractwithotherthingsinnature,thereaction

withgoldwasunexpected."及Dr.Bohu說的話”Butgoldissochemicallyinactivethatthis

interactionisbothunusualandsurprising/）可知，雖然真菌經(jīng)常與自然界中的其他事物相互作

用，但與黃金的反應(yīng)卻是出乎意料的。黃金的化學(xué)反應(yīng)并不活躍，兩者間的相互作用既不尋

常又令人驚訝。再根據(jù)第四段中的'"'Thereisabiologicalbenefitfromthisreaction.''Dr.Bohu

said,''Gold-lovingfungicangrowfasterandbiggerrelativetootherfungithatdon'tworkwith

gold"”可知，“這種反應(yīng)有生物學(xué)上的好處。"Dr.Bohu說，”與其他不能與黃金共生的

真菌相比，喜歡黃金的真菌可以生長得更快、更大?！庇纱丝芍珼r.Bohu認為真菌與黃金

的相互作用出人意料，但卻是有益的?故選A。

14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Theresearchersstillneedtoconductfurtheranalysistounderstand

therelationshipbetweenthefungiandthepreciousmetal.Moreimportantly,theyneedtodetermine

ifitspresenceisasuresignoftheexistenceoflargedepositsofthemetalunderground.（研究人員

仍然需要進行進一步的分析，以了解真菌和貴金屬之間的關(guān)系。更重要的是，他們需要確定

它的存在是否是地下存在大量金屬礦床的確切跡象）”以及最后一段"However,thosehoping

togetfreegoldfromthefungiareinforadisappointment,forthedelicatefungusishardtosee.（然

而，那些希望從真菌中獲得免費黃金的人注定要失望了，因為這種脆弱的真菌很難看到）”

可推斷出，作者認為此發(fā)現(xiàn)尚需做深入的研究。故選B。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Humansarenottheonlyonesthatlikegold.Australianscientists

havediscoveredanewfungus（真菌）thatdecoratesitslong,thread-liketendrils（卷須）withgold

collectedfromthesoil."以及后文都是對該喜金真菌的描述，包括發(fā)現(xiàn)方式、發(fā)現(xiàn)分析及對

其的科學(xué)展望等可知，標(biāo)題核心詞為gold-lovingfungi（喜金真菌）。A項中核心詞為

beauty-lovingfungi（愛美真菌），錯誤；C選項中核心詞為goldmine（金礦），錯誤；D選項中

核心詞為goldwithfungi（含真菌的金子），錯誤。故選B。

【點睛】標(biāo)題猜測題目的解題步驟。一、閱讀題目要求，確定文章主題；二，通讀短文，了

解段落內(nèi)容作簡要概括，留意核心詞（比如本文的核心詞為gold-lovingfungi）；三、參看全

文，對答案檢驗，是否存在段落與標(biāo)題不符的情況。比如第4題選中B答案后，要將該標(biāo)

題帶到每個分段落中，看是否存在不符。如果存在，就得重新考慮標(biāo)題選擇；不存在，即可

確定答案。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12?5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩

項為多余選項。

Talkingtoyourselfmayseemalittleshameful.Accordingtothewell-knownsaying,talkingto

yourselfisthefirstsignofmadness,16Talkingtoourselves,whetheroutloudorsilentlyin

ourheads,isavaluabletoolforthought.

Farfrombeingmentallyill,self-talkallowsustoplanwhatwearegoingtodo,manageour

activities,regulateouremotionsandevencreateadescriptionofourexperience.17

Aschildren,accordingtotheRussianpsychologistLevVygotsky,weuseprivatespeechto

regulateouractionsinthesamewaythatweusepublicspeechtocontrolthebehaviorof

others18Psychologicalexperimentshaveshownthattheprivatespeechcanimproveour

performanceontasksrangingfromjudgingwhatotherpeoplearethinkingtosortingimagesinto

categories.Onerecentstudysuggestedthatself-talkismosteffectivewhenweaddressourselvesin

thesecondperson,asctyou^^ratherthan"I”.

19Ifyouwantproof,turnonthesportschannel.You'recertaintoseeanathleteortwo

cheeringthemselvesupwithabitterphraseorscoldingthemselvesafterabadshot.

Conductadialoguewithourselves.20Theprivatespeechseemstobeaparticularly

goodwayofsolvingproblemsandworkingthroughideas.Theto-and-frobetweendifferentpoints

ofviewmeansourthoughtscanendupinexpectedplaces,justlikearegulardialoguecan,and

mightturnouttobeoneofthekeystohumancreativity.

A.Whatisprivatespeech?

B.Butthereisnoneedforembarrassment.

C.Psychologistsrefertothisasprivatespeech.

D.Askquestionsoftheselfandprovideanswers.

E.Wedoalotofprivatespeechwhenweareyoung.

F.Aswegrowolder,wemaketheprivatespeechbecomethewayofblinking,

G.Althoughtheprivatespeechiseffective,weneverentirelyputawaytheout-loudspeech.

【答案】16.B17.C18.F19.G20.D

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。自言自語似乎顯得有點丟人。自言自語非但不代表精神失常，

而且恰恰相反，它有助于我們規(guī)劃要做的事情和管控自己的各種活動和情緒，甚至還能創(chuàng)作

一段關(guān)于自己經(jīng)歷的故事。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“用人們熟知的話來說，自言自語是變瘋的第一跡象?！币约翱崭窈蟆白匝宰哉Z

—無論是大聲說出還是在心中默念一一都很有價值，是思考的一種工具?！钡弥崭裉?/p>

表示轉(zhuǎn)折，盡管大家以為自言自語不好，但你不必感到尷尬。故選B。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“自言自語有助于我們規(guī)劃要做的事情和管控自己的各種活動和情緒，甚至還能創(chuàng)

作一段關(guān)于自己經(jīng)歷的故事?！钡弥崭裉幈硎究偨Y(jié)：心理學(xué)家將這種行為稱作私下話語。

故選C。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“心理學(xué)實驗已經(jīng)表明，這種所謂的內(nèi)在言語可以提高我們處理一些事情的能力，

比如從判斷別人在想什么，到把圖片分門別類?！钡弥崭裉幈硎具^渡：隨著我們年齡的增

長，我們并沒有放棄這個體系一一我們把它內(nèi)化了。故選F。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)下文舉例“打開體育頻道，你一定會看到有那么一兩個運動員在對自己說著鼓勁兒話，

或是在沒投中球后狠狠地責(zé)備自己?！钡弥崭裉幈硎巨D(zhuǎn)折：我們內(nèi)化了在孩童時期使用

的私下話語，但我們卻從未完全放棄大聲說出的方式。故選G。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)空上文“與自己進行對話。”得知空格處承接上文表示：自問自答似乎是一種很好的

解決問題和理清想法的方式。故選D。

第三部分語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的

最佳選項。

Afewyearsago,myfatherarrangedtosendmeamail-orderfruitcakeatChristmastime.While

IhadrecentlysettledinManhattanwithagoodjob,he21mycupboardsandrefrigerator

mightbebare.

Iwas44then,andhewas72.Hewantedmetohaveaparticularbrandoffruitcake.Madein

Texas,itwasfamousamongfruitcakelovers-or,22,amongpeoplewhogavefruitcakesto

thosewhowereassumedto23them."Itremindsmeofmymother's,"hesaid.My

grandmother's24,1laterlearnt,wasacaketypicaloftheGreatDepressionDadgrewupin,

madewithoutsugar,butteroreggs.

25thefruitcakewashiswayoftryingtotakecareofmefromafar.Regardlessofmy

26status,Iwasstillhisson.Afruitcake,inhismind,wasa27Christmasgift:

Fruitcakecanfillyourbellyandhasalongshelflife.

“ItshouldarrivethefirstweekofDecember,uhesaid.nLetmeknowwhatyouthink28

yougetit."Iwaslookingforwardto29theflavorsthattransportedhimtohischildhood.The

firstweekofDecemberpassedwithnosignofhisfruitcake.30byholidaymail,I

assumed.

Heremained31thefruitcakewouldcomebyNewYear'sEve.Yet,January,February,

andMarchcameandwentwithnofruitcake.Thoughmyfather32toaskaboutit,Inever

onceconsideredlyingandtellinghimthefruitcakehad33arrivedandwasdelicious.

InsteadIsaid,“Thatcakeisorbitingearth,andsoonerorlateritwill34.“

EarlylastDecember,nearlyayearaftermyfatherdiedfromafailingheart,Igotacallsaying,

“Youhaveapackage.'*Iwentdownstairstopickitup.ThebrownboxhadaFedExlabelwitha

35addressinTexas.

21.A.fearedB.sensedC.complainedD.prayed

22.A.aboveallB.inturnC.atleastD.onthe

whole

23.A.takeB.love